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The efficient use of vinasse, the primary byproduct of sugarcane ethanol production, is important for the economic and environmental sustainability of the industry. Few studies have quantified the soil health response to long‐term vinasse application, even though this byproduct is generally applied as a potassium (K) source in sugarcane fields. The Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) was used to assess the integrated soil health response in soils with contrasting textures. Chemical, physical, and biological indicators were selected, measured, and integrated into a soil health index for clay‐ and sandy‐textured soils in Brazil. Overall, the application of vinasse improved soil health components in both soils. The results showed that the benefits of vinasse go beyond increasing the K content. Vinasse application showed increased soil organic carbon content, nutrient recycling, and soil physical quality. The long‐term application of vinasse increased the soil health from 49% to 62% in the clayey soil and from 43% to 61% in the sandy clay soil. The findings therefore revealed the potential of vinasse application to reduce the need for synthetic fertilizer and promote the circular economy and soil health regardless of soil type. This study verifies that the long‐term application of vinasse to sandy‐ and clay‐texture soils in Brazil has both economic and environmental benefits because it recycles an important ethanol byproduct and enhances soil health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The decline in crop yields is attributed to uneven chemical fertilization practices and poor soil fertility. From a sustainability perspective, the application of beneficial microorganisms alongside a blend of inorganic and organic fertilizers significantly influences crop productivity and food security. Concerns within the scientific community arise from the haphazard and negligent use of fertilizers. Farming communities predominantly reliant on chemical fertilizers often overlook the application of organic alternatives, leading to a gradual decline in soil organic matter and native nutrient levels, ultimately resulting in decreased crop yields. In diverse cropping systems, the amalgamation of chemical, biological, and organic sources sustains soil health, replenishes nutrients, and optimizes crop yields. Plant residues enhance soil microbial activity, expedite nutrient cycling and availability, and aid in preserving soil health through carbon sequestration. Regular utilization of plant residues and other organic materials enriches soil organic matter content, enhancing soil health and productivity. Integrating organic and chemical fertilizers presents a potential avenue to enhance maize and soybean yields in maize-wheat cropping systems, subsequently benefiting wheat crop productivity and profitability. The efficacy of specific soil nutrients can be heightened by combining organic sources with various chemical fertilization techniques. Hence, incorporating phosphorus fertilization alongside phosphorus-mobilizing and solubilizing agents (such as Trichoderma & PSB), along with the integrated management of peach waste materials including residues, compost, and biochar, is imperative for promoting crop growth, increasing seed yields, and fostering environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural residues are generated during the production and processing of agricultural crops. Under modern date palm plantation practices, field operations generate huge quantities of residues, which are discarded with little valorization. The date palm agro-industry produces significant amounts of waste. The accumulation of these residues can cause ecological damage to the oasis ecosystems. There is a lack of comprehensive data on long-term research studies that aim to assess the impact of date palm waste management practices. Composting and/or pyrolysis of date palm residues showed benefits for improving soil physical and chemical properties, particularly in sandy soils. This claim holds particular significance for arid and semi-arid regions, which are characterized by low fertility and are susceptible to soil degradation, accentuated by ongoing climate change. This review summarizes the existing literature concerning the valorization of date palm residues with regards to compost and pyrolysis processes, as well as the impact of their application on soil quality. Further research is required to assess the effects of using date palm residues for better soil amendment management. Research should focus on composting and biochar technologies for date palm residues and their application in arid and semi-arid regions to combat soil erosion and degradation. Increasing the beneficial uses of date palm residues could lead to sustainable and economic growth in dry areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruit crops under soil conservational management might sequester carbon (C) in soils and mitigate greenhouse gases emissions. Using grape pomace residues as soil amendment holds promise for sustainable viticulture. However, its actual capability to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) is unknown, especially in subtropical climates. This research aims to investigate whether grape pomace compost and vermicompost can increase SOC, total N (TN), and C and N stocks in subtropical vineyards. Two vineyards located in Veranópolis, in South Brazil, one cultivated with 'Isabella' and the other with 'Chardonnay' varieties, were annually amended with these residues for three years. We quantified SOC and TN in each condition in different soil layers, as well as C and N content in two different granulometric fractions: mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and particulate organic matter (POM). C and N stocks were also calculated. Despite potential benefits, neither treatment enhanced SOC, its fractions, or C stocks. In fact, vermicompost was rapidly mineralized and depleted SOC and its fractions in the 0.0 to 0.05 m layers of the 'Isabella' vineyard. Our findings indicate that the tested grape pomace residues were unable to promote C sequestration in subtropical vineyards after a three-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessory vessels, including platters, dishes, beakers, flagons, jars, and amphorae, are a common feature of Romano-British burials, raising questions as to their provenance; for example, were such vessels recycled from the domestic sphere or made specially for funerary purposes? Furthermore, uncertainty surrounds their purpose: did they contain foods for the deceased, possibly for their final journey to the underworld? Interestingly, organic residue analysis of vessels from Baginton, a site adjacent to The Lunt fort, Coventry, an early (mid to late first century) Roman military cremation cemetery did not yield evidence for food offerings and may have reflected the use of seconds or damaged vessels in burials, perhaps to provide a symbolic meal. In contrast, here we provide, for the first time, direct chemical and isotopic evidence for ‘meals for the dead’, comprising mainly dairy products, often mixed with leafy plants, extracted from somewhat unusual accessory vessels found in a small, enclosed inhumation cemetery, perhaps associated with a family group, which dates to the late (third to late fourth century, or early fifth century A.D) in urban Canterbury. Thus, we can confirm that accessory vessels found in later Romano-British burials were, in this instance, used in the laying out of funerary meals, presumably to nourish the soul on the journey to the underworld. These preliminary insights on vessel use and burial practices across the span of the Roman occupation of Britain thus provide a strong hint at the diversity of Roman burial practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the second part of the 6th millennium BC onwards, pottery manufacture is attested throughout the western Mediterranean. The study of the functional and use of vessels has become a valuable source of information on the culinary patterns and subsistence practices of past societies. In the present study, we have analyzed the organic residues of a total of 37 ceramic vessels from the first Neolithic settlements in the Central Pyrenees. Results from lipid analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and GC-stable carbon isotope ratio analyses (GC-IRMS) revealed that from the earliest phases, the use of pottery was related to the exploitation of dairy and meat products, as well as plant resources. The data obtained are contextualized within the general frame of the Pyrenees and the western Mediterranean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic disturbances associated with land use and land cover changes negatively influence soil organic C, reducing ecosystem functionality. These adverse effects may be even more pronounced in Brazilian subtropical riparian zones due to recent changes in environmental legislation that reduced the size of these protected areas in small scale farms. This study evaluated how different land uses in riparian zones influence ecosystem services related to soil, litter, and roots C and N stocks. The field experiment was carried out in a drainage area with four land uses and cover: forest fragment (FF), plantation forest (PF), pasture (PA), and agriculture (AG). Soil, root, and litter C and N stocks were analyzed. Monocultures (PF, PA, and AG) had lower soil C and N stocks than FF. The FF and PF did not differ in litter and root C content, but FF had higher N values. Differences in the quality of plant residues were associated with a lower soil C: N ratio in FF. The lowest soil C and N stocks were observed in AG sites, and the conversion from AG to PF and PA seems to increase soil C and N stocks. Our findings indicate that, even in small forest patches, the higher quality of organic residues drives soil C and N storage, highlighting the negative effects of vegetation replacement to monocultures in riparian zones. Hence, the maintenance of riparian forests is essential for providing ecosystem services related to soil C and N cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Exploring alternatives to mitigate soil degradation has been gaining importance in recent years. Biochar promises to improve properties such as soil fertility and soil conditioning. This research involved an experiment with different levels of biochar in associating it with some chemical properties and the wood yield of A. mangium. Method: We used a design including nine treatments and three repetitions of each treatment, employing two materials: biochar from Acacia mangium W. (BAM) and synthetic fertilizer (SF). We used a Bayesian principal component analysis to reduce dimensionality, and the two extracted dimensions were labeled by treatment to visualize their grouping. We validated the grouping using cluster analysis algorithms. Volume in wood was used as the response, and the same soil variables were used to run a regression by partial least squares where the explanatory variables were characterized by relative importance. Result: We found an increase in the different chemical variables of the soil analyzed in treatments with BAM and BAM + SF and an increase in the volume of the stem of the trees in treatments with BAM + SF. The analysis by partial least squares showed how the EC and SOC variables were the most important in explaining the volume of wood. Conclusion: Responses of the different variables analyzed increased with the addition of biochar, either alone or mixed with synthetic fertilizer. It was also possible to determine that the volume of A. mangium wood was influenced by soil chemical variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction Organic vegetable production relies on inputs of organic forms of nitrogen (N). This presents a challenge as it needs to be mineralised by the soil microbial community. Difficulties matching the timing and rate of organic N amendments to crop demand could potentially lead to high rates of nitrate leaching. The use of plastic film mulch (PFM) has the potential to increase crop yield, accelerate N mineralisation, reduce rainfall infiltration and therefore N leaching. Biodegradable PFM reduces the risk of contaminating soil with plastics. Although these positive effects have been proven in major conventionally grown commodity crops, the effects of PFMs are poorly understood in organic vegetable crops, particularly in moist temperate climates prone to N losses via winter leaching. Materials & Methods Our plot‐scale field experiment attempted to quantify the effect of biodegradable PFM on N leaching and N mineralisation in organic lettuce production in the presence and absence of biodegradable PFM. It took place in one season within a longer‐term experimental organic vegetable rotation. Results We used two methods to measure the rate of carbon and N mineralisation: the buried bag method showed biodegradable PFM resulted in no additional N mineralisation; however, the ion exchange membrane method indicated an increase in N mineralisation of 30%. During heavy rainfall at the end of the growing season, nitrate leaching was observed only in the non‐PFM plots, leading to N losses equivalent to 6.3 g N m−2. This led to surplus mineral N at harvest of 18.1 g N m−2 in the PFM treatment and 8.6 g N m−2 in the corresponding unmulched plots. This did not lead to more leaching in the mulched plots in the following 6 months. Conclusion In conclusion, our evidence supports the use of biodegradable PFMs to enhance the sustainability of organic vegetable production systems in temperate climates.

Purpose: Exploring alternatives to mitigate soil degradation has been gaining importance in recent years. Biochar promises to improve properties such as soil fertility and soil conditioning. This research involved an experiment with different levels of biochar in associating it with some chemical properties and the wood yield of A. mangium. Method: We used a design including nine treatments and three repetitions of each treatment, employing two materials: biochar from Acacia mangium W. (BAM) and synthetic fertilizer (SF). We used a Bayesian principal component analysis to reduce dimensionality, and the two extracted dimensions were labeled by treatment to visualize their grouping. We validated the grouping using cluster analysis algorithms. Volume in wood was used as the response, and the same soil variables were used to run a regression by partial least squares where the explanatory variables were characterized by relative importance. Result: We found an increase in the different chemical variables of the soil analyzed in treatments with BAM and BAM + SF and an increase in the volume of the stem of the trees in treatments with BAM + SF. The analysis by partial least squares showed how the EC and SOC variables were the most important in explaining the volume of wood. Conclusion: Responses of the different variables analyzed increased with the addition of biochar, either alone or mixed with synthetic fertilizer. It was also possible to determine that the volume of A. mangium wood was influenced by soil chemical variables. Highlights Biochar applications can reduce synthetic fertilizer applications to the soil. Applications of synthetic fertilizer and biochar mixtures can be functional in terms of wood volume increase in A. mangium. When biocarbon is added in a mixture with synthetic fertilizers, the chemical properties of soils are increased. When biocarbon is added in a mixture with synthetic fertilizers, fundamental soil nutrients are increased in the growth of A. mangium. The application of Bayesian principal components not only allowed us to reduce dimensionality but also to generate a visual way of classifying the treatments.

Earthworm incubation combined with organic fertilization is promoted as an amended measure to improve soil properties in the ecological restoration of various degraded soils. However, the impacts of earthworms on the soil aggregate size under different organic fertilization in salt‐affected soils have not yet been fully revealed. This hinders our ability to develop policies by which to alleviate soil salinization. In this study, under mesocosm experiments, we investigate the effects of earthworm (Aporrectodea trapezoides) and organic fertilization on the soil aggregate size after 16 weeks of incubation. The soil treated with clover residues showed lower earthworm survival rates and biomass compared to that treated with sheep manure. However, the soil macropores and large macroaggregate were higher in the soils treated with clover residue when earthworms were present. In addition, earthworm burrowing activities form pathways toward food patches improve the characteristics of soil macropores, and the properties of the residue itself play a decisive role. Moreover, whether earthworms are present or not significantly influences the soil macroporosity, macropore number, and soil electrical conductivity. This demonstrates that earthworms exhibit a key feature of soil physical functioning in salt‐affected soil. In conclusion, we propose that the application of earthworms with organic residues in salt‐affected soils is a priority in producing and maintaining favorable soil structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment in a plastic house proceeded in 2022 at the Karma Ali site of the Agricultural Research Station, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Iraq. The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of mineral sulfur and organic matter addition, leaching requirements, and irrigation water salinity on the physical properties of soil cultivated with Zea mays L. (maize) plants. This study administered two organic residues (cow and alfalfa), three levels of mineral sulfur (0%, 0.8%, and 1.6%), three levels of leaching needs (15%, 25%, and 35%) more than the field capacity, and two levels of irrigation water salinity (4 dSm-1 and 8 dSm-1). The organic residues and mineral sulfur mixture with the soil incurred incubation for 60 days. Yellow maize (Zea mays L.) planting followed incubation, maintaining the soil moisture at field capacity fertilization, and carrying out irrigation operations according to the above treatments. Soil bulk density and mean weighted diameter measuring ensued at the end of the experiment. The results showed the ability of organic residues to reduce bulk density and increase soil stability (mean weighted diameter). The decrease in bulk density was more evident in the alfalfa residues, which amounted to 1.25 µg m-3 soil and 0.62 mm, respectively. The leaching requirement level of 35% exceeded in reducing the bulk density of soil compared with the other two levels, which amounted to 1.25 µgm-3 soil. The 1.6% sulfur and irrigation water salinity of 4 dSm-1 reduced the soil's bulk density and increased the mean weighted diameter of the soil (1.31 µgm-3 soil and 0.79 mm, respectively). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the meat industry, inefficient management of organic waste exists, therefore the study aims to evaluate different bovine and poultry organic residues as food substrates during larval development of the black soldier fly, such as a sustainable alternative to obtain high protein meal.METHODS: The research evaluates the use of organic waste from cattle and poultry slaughterhouses, as food substrate for black soldier fly larvae, including raw beef blood T1, raw beef viscera T2, cooked beef blood T3, cooked beef viscera T4, raw chicken viscera T6 and cooked chicken viscera T7; further, as a control measure balanced feed (7 treatments and 5 replicates). Larvae were fed for 5 days and processed to make meal by drying and grinding; evaluating mortality, weight, size, proximal chemical composition, and apparent digestibility to determine the most viable substrate, analyzing effects and significance by multifactorial ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis.FINDING: The results show Mortality (F = 917,81, p < 0,0001): T1 y T3 with 76,40 ± 2,86 (%) (F = 917,81, p < 0,0001), following T6 with 69,67 ± 4,55%, T7 with 24,00 ± 3,48%, T2 with 4,60 ± 1,92 %, T5 y T4, both with 4,20 ± 2,00 %. Weight (F = 825,62, p < 0,0001): T2 with 1,78 ± 0,22 gram outperformed the control T5 (1,76 ± 0,50 gram), T4 with 1,45 ± 0,06 g and T7 with 1,66 ± 0,07 gram. Size (F = 248,95, p < 0,0001): T5 with 16,03 ± 0,34 mm, T2 with 15,86 ± 0,22 mm, T4 with 14,72 ± 0,35 mm and finally, 14,51 ± 0,14 millimeter in T7. Proximal chemical analysis of crude protein and fat: T2 resulted in the following results 50,81 % and 21,88 %, T4 with 53,90% y 15,04%, T7 with 42,63 % and 32,03%, and T5 con 41,1 % and 19.55%, respectively. Digestibility: T5 with 20,39%, T2 with 12,66%, T4 with 10,61% and T7 with 5,97%. T2 raw beef viscera were determined to be the most viable substrate, followed by T4 cooked beef viscera and T7 cooked chicken viscera.CONCLUSIONS: Testing the effectiveness of cattle viscera as substrate, the experimental data presented may help design a process for an effective treatment method for slaughterhouse waste, which might benefit developing nations in managing their waste effectively, generating high protein meal, with the potential for a circular bioeconomy.

Fruit crops under soil conservational management might sequester carbon (C) in soils and mitigate greenhouse gases emissions. Using grape pomace residues as soil amendment holds promise for sustainable viticulture. However, its actual capability to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) is unknown, especially in subtropical climates. This research aims to investigate whether grape pomace compost and vermicompost can increase SOC, total N (TN), and C and N stocks in subtropical vineyards. Two vineyards located in Veranópolis, in South Brazil, one cultivated with ‘Isabella’ and the other with ‘Chardonnay’ varieties, were annually amended with these residues for three years. We quantified SOC and TN in each condition in different soil layers, as well as C and N content in two different granulometric fractions: mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and particulate organic matter (POM). C and N stocks were also calculated. Despite potential benefits, neither treatment enhanced SOC, its fractions, or C stocks. In fact, vermicompost was rapidly mineralized and depleted SOC and its fractions in the 0.0 to 0.05 m layers of the ‘Isabella’ vineyard. Our findings indicate that the tested grape pomace residues were unable to promote C sequestration in subtropical vineyards after a three-year period.

To investigate the physiological status of plant following the application of a mixture of organic residues, nitrogen-rich meat powder and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) powder mixed in different proportions as fertilizers were applied to the soil of a hilly area to cultivate young walnut trees under drought and wet soil conditions, respectively. The results showed that the nitrogen-rich fertilizer treatments could significantly increase the soil water content (SWC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil organic nitrogen (SON), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), available nitrogen (AN), available P (AP), available K (AK), a high soil organic carbon/nitrogen ratio under soil drought conditions. Moreover, they also significantly improved the soil nutrients contents of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn, especially Ca and Mg in dry soil. Consequently, this nutrient-rich soil greatly promoted the plant branching and thickening with a high net leaf photosynthesis rate (Pn), water use efficiency (WUE), a low transpiration (Tr) under soil drought conditions. We proposed that high soil carbon/nitrogen ratio improved by applying nitrogen-rich fertilizers might weaken top shoot growth and regulate the plant branching and thickening of young walnut trees under deficit irrigation conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agricultural residues are generated during the production and processing of agricultural crops. Under modern date palm plantation practices, field operations generate huge quantities of residues, which are discarded with little valorization. The date palm agro-industry produces significant amounts of waste. The accumulation of these residues can cause ecological damage to the oasis ecosystems. There is a lack of comprehensive data on long-term research studies that aim to assess the impact of date palm waste management practices. Composting and/or pyrolysis of date palm residues showed benefits for improving soil physical and chemical properties, particularly in sandy soils. This claim holds particular significance for arid and semi-arid regions, which are characterized by low fertility and are susceptible to soil degradation, accentuated by ongoing climate change. This review summarizes the existing literature concerning the valorization of date palm residues with regards to compost and pyrolysis processes, as well as the impact of their application on soil quality. Further research is required to assess the effects of using date palm residues for better soil amendment management. Research should focus on composting and biochar technologies for date palm residues and their application in arid and semi-arid regions to combat soil erosion and degradation. Increasing the beneficial uses of date palm residues could lead to sustainable and economic growth in dry areas.

Maize is one of the most important cereals in the world. It is a crop demanding in nitrogen. Therefore, alternative sources of fertilization bring agronomic, environmental and economic benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass and productivity of maize fertigated with wastewater from swine and fish farming in different dilutions. The soil used is classified as Dystroferric Red Latosol, Cerrado phase, with clayey texture. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in 2 × 4 split plots with three replications. The treatments consisted of two sources of wastewater (fish farming and swine farming) diluted with the recommended dose of wastewater + 0, 25, 50 and 75% of its volume in water. The accumulation of dry mass (leaf, stalk and aerial parts) was evaluated at 30, 60, 90 and 110 days after sowing. The evaluation of yield variables (number of grain rows, number of grains per row, grain sizes, grain dry weight, gran yield and harvest index) occurred at 130 days after sowing. The largest accumulation of dry biomass at the end of the maize cycle and evaluated productivity variables were obtained with the application of swine farming wastewater. Wastewater from fish farming applied via an irrigation system without dilution (0%) is the most suitable for obtaining the productivity of corn grains. The two sources of wastewater have the potential to partially replace mineral nitrogen fertilizer in maize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A comparison of 5 purification methods for solution containing binders was conducted. • On the basis of protein recovery results, dialysis has a more prominent effect. • Multivariate analysis of variance was employed for performing statistical analysis. • All 5 purification methods hardly had impact on the protein molecular structure. • The identification analysis was performed successfully using the improved pretreatment. A comparison was conducted on five methods for purifying collagenous residues extracted from paint replicas. The bicinchoninic acid method was used to quantify proteins recovered by these purification methods, and the conductivity in purified solutions was monitored. Statistical analysis was carried out by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The effect of different purification processes upon the molecular structure of the retrieved proteins was characterized with the aid of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy, and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The results showed that the five methods all had significant desalination effects, among which dialysis, ultrafiltration, and ethanol precipitation could achieve lower conductivity. The protein recovery rate of dialysis was remarkably higher than the rates of other methods. With the aging time of the paint replicas, the recovery rates of all purification methods showed a downward trend, with the advantage of dialysis becoming more and more remarkable. No significant differences were found in the molecular weight and microstructure of the residues retrieved by the five purification methods, indicating that the impacts of different purification processes on the microstructure of proteins / peptides are approximately the same. A total of 29 identified peptides (consisting of 18 unique ones) corresponding to rabbit collagen were successfully detected in a model sample using the improved pretreatment. This paper concluded that dialysis is a more promising purification method for archeological paint samples with a higher potential to retrieve more residues for subsequent analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we addressed the reuse of two organic waste products as fertilisers. To this end, soil fertilised with the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) or with an anaerobic digestate (DIG) was subjected to an incubation assay, and the results were compared with those from soil treated with a mineral fertiliser (MIN) and an unfertilised soil (CO). The soil was sampled after fertilisation and after 90 days of aerobic incubation. Nitrogen (N) mineralisation (NH4+ and NO3-) and oxidable carbon (OC) were determined. The impact of the treatments on the soil was evaluated by measuring the enzymatic activity of arylsulfatase (ARYL), ß-galactosidase (GAL), and urease (URE). The highest OC content was observed in the SMS treatment. After 90 days of incubation, the SMS treatment showed a lower mineral N content than the CO treatment. This finding was associated with N immobilisation. However, mineral N significantly increased ARYL activity in the DIG and MIN treatments, and URE activity was always higher at both sampling times in the SMS treatment. Initially, GAL activity was notably high in the DIG treatment but decreased after incubation, reaching similar values to those registered in the CO treatment. Organic fertilisation treatments induced different effects on soil N mineralisation, showing changes in the activity of the enzymes analysed.

Earthworm colonization is an effective management practice to improve soil conditions. In a salt-affected reclamation soil, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to test the effects of organic residue application (no organic residues, clover residues or sheep manure) and plastic film (mulching or no mulching) on the survival, biomass and production of earthworms (Aporrectodea trapezoides (Duges, 1828)). Results showed that application of organic residues yielded a higher survival rate (37–100%) and biomass (0.43–0.98 g) of earthworms than the treatments without organic residue, regardless of plastic mulch. Moreover, the application of sheep manure significantly increased earthworm survival (58%) and biomass (160%) compared to the application of clover residues, which may be due to high soil available resources and nutrients in the soils with sheep manure. No significant differences (p = 0.26) in the survival rate (37–100% and 47–82%) or biomass of A. trapezoides were observed between the mulch and no-mulch treatments. This study indicated that animal manure out-performed clover residues in promoting the growth and survival of A. trapezoides in a reclaimed, salt-affected soil. Moreover, plastic film mulching improved soil moisture, but had no effect on the survival and biomass of A. trapezoides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ceramic objects account for over 90% of the cultural material recovered from archaeological sites in the Caribbean. However, little research has been conducted on molecular evidence for past food production from these same vessels. Forty ceramic sherds from Isla de Mona have been analysed by GC–MS and GC-C-IRMS in order to address questions surrounding foodways in the Greater Antilles prior to and post European arrival. We evaluate evidence for dietary changes to illuminate aspects of cultural exchange between Indigenous populations and the first generations of Spanish colonists. Here, we show that plant residues are found in a variety of pottery forms, with some evidence for non-ruminant and ruminant fats. The dearth of marine biomarkers is curious given the volume of fish bones found in archaeological contexts on Isla de Mona and may offer evidence for spit-roasting, pit-roasting, or the use of a ‘barbacoa’ to cook fish on the island. The ubiquity of plant residues in a variety of pottery forms may relate to the large-scale cultivation and export of cassava (Manihot esculenta) from the island. A Spanish olive jar revealed evidence of wine residues, which may constitute the earliest detection of wine residues in pottery found in the Americas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The invasion of the macroalgae Rugulopteryx okamurae is causing several environmental and economic problems along Spanish Mediterranean coasts. The use of composts based on R. okamurae as a peat alternative in nursery production could be a valid alternative for the exploitation of this organic material. The present study evaluated three different composts as peat substitutes in potting media to grow tomato seedlings: compost of R. okamurae, compost of green horticultural residues (two-thirds) and R. okamurae (one-third), compost of garden pruning residues (two-thirds) and R. okamurae (one-third). Each compost was used to formulate two different substrates to reduce the use of peat (40% compost, 40% peat, 20% perlite) or entirely substitute it (80% compost, 20% perlite), using a control treatment with 80% peat and 20% perlite. Only the control treatment received mineral fertigation during the trial. The results showed that the high initial electrical conductivity and ion concentration were remarkably reduced thanks to the fast leaching of salt that occurred with customary irrigation. Generally, compost-based treatments allowed us to obtain tomato seedlings with satisfactory morphological parameters. The substrates that contained 40% compost of R. okamurae or a compost of garden pruning residues and R. okamurae led to the best results in term of seedling parameters. It is therefore concluded that composts based on R. okamuare could be used as a seedling growing medium for the valorization of algae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of more restrictive legislation regarding the use of pesticides, over the last two decades, the demand for new soil fumigants has increased. These compounds can come from a variety of sources, including organic residues. In this study, we identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma a molecule with potential to be developed as a new fumigant nematicide. Cassava wastewater (20 mL) releases volatile compounds toxic to Meloidogyne javanica second-stage juveniles (J2), causing J2 mortality up to 89%. Through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, eight compounds were identified in the cassava wastewater volatiloma, with alcohols being the major class. The compounds ethyl butanoate and butyric acid identified in cassava wastewater volatiloma were selected for in vitro nematicidal activities and substrate fumigation tests. The lethal concentration predicted LC50–48 hr values (effective doses to kill 50% of M. javanica J2 population after 48 h of exposure) were 172.6 μg ∙ mL-1 and 301.2 μg ∙ mL-1 for butyric acid and ethyl butanoate, respectively. In a pot assay, the application of butyric acid and ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant, at a dose of 0.5 mL ∙ kg-1 substrate, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased M. javanica infectivity and reproduction compared to the negative control (water). However, ethyl butanoate proved to be a more efficient soil fumigant (P < 0.05) than butyric acid, as its application reduced the number of galls and eggs to the level of the commercial fumigant Dazomet. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of ethyl butanoate as a soil fumigant against M. javanica.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increasing rates of biochar produced with coffee straw, at two pyrolysis temperatures, on the chemical attributes of an Oxisol cultivated with conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) and on the nutrient content of coffee tree leaves. Treatments consisted of pyrolysis at two temperatures (350 and 600 °C) and of five biochar rates (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 Mg ha-1). The following soil chemical attributes were evaluated: pH in water; P, K, Ca, Mg, Al, H+Al, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn contents; effective and potential cation exchange capacity (CEC); sum of bases (SB); base (V) and aluminium (m) saturation; and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn contents in the leaves. The biochar produced at 600°C, at rates of 10 and 15 Mg ha-1, promoted a greater K release into the soil. Regardless of temperature, coffee straw biochar increased K and P availability, sum of bases, base saturation, and CEC in the soil, but did not influence macro- and micronutrient contents in the leaves. The addition of increasing rates of coffee straw biochar in the soil increases P, K, Mg, SB, CEC, and V, regardless of pyrolysis temperature.

Calcium oxalate‐rich rock coatings occur worldwide and commonly occur associated with prehistoric rock paintings. Radiocarbon dates of oxalates that cover or encapsulate rock paints have become the primary strategy for establishing chronologies of these artifacts. It is also apparent that oxalate films form episodically and are governed by particular climate conditions and thus could serve as a paleoclimate proxy. However, the mechanism(s) by which these coatings form remains unresolved. Here, we report on the trace organic composition of oxalate‐coating samples from the Lower Pecos Canyonlands in southwestern Texas. The samples contained a suite of dicarboxylic acids that are similar to the organic composition established for atmospheric aerosols. The predominant organic species in aerosols is oxalic acid, which reacts with calcium to form calcium oxalate. This suggests that aerosols could be a mechanism for the production of naturally occurring calcium oxalate on rock surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic residue analysis (ORA) of pott ery is a frequently used and important part of archaeological research today. It can provide information about the diet or the use of pott ery and many other aspects of daily lives of archaeological populations, which would otherwise be lost. The chemical compounds that are most often preserved in ceramics and are therefore very suitable for this type of analysis are lipids (e.g. fatt y acids, triglycerides, alcohols, alkanes, wax esters, ketones). There are several methods of extracting lipids from ceramics, depending on what we want to fi nd out; those most commonly used are direct acid extraction and solvent extraction. After the extraction, analyses are performed by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) and, when possible, 13C isotope analysis from palmitic and stearic acid (GC-C-IRMS). This paper briefl y describes the mentioned methods, the chemical background, and the possibilities and examples of the already conducted research including ORA. Organic residue analysis begins with sampling, where it is very important to avoid contamination; therefore, a proposal is made for the procedure of sampling pott ery sherds for ORA, with the emphasis on adequate sample packaging (aluminium foil). It is also important to note that the researcher should be provided with as much contextual information as possible. Also, a proposal for a sampling form for ORA is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In the meat industry, inefficient management of organic waste exists, therefore the study aims to evaluate different bovine and poultry organic residues as food substrates during larval development of the black soldier fly, such as a sustainable alternative to obtain high protein meal. METHODS: The research evaluates the use of organic waste from cattle and poultry slaughterhouses, as food substrate for black soldier fly larvae, including raw beef blood T1, raw beef viscera T2, cooked beef blood T3, cooked beef viscera T4, raw chicken viscera T6 and cooked chicken viscera T7; further, as a control measure balanced feed (7 treatments and 5 replicates). Larvae were fed for 5 days and processed to make meal by drying and grinding; evaluating mortality, weight, size, proximal chemical composition, and apparent digestibility to determine the most viable substrate, analyzing effects and significance by multifactorial ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis. FINDINGS: The results show Mortality (F = 917,81, p < 0,0001): T1 y T3 with 76,40 ± 2,86 (%) (F = 917,81, p < 0,0001), following T6 with 69,67 ± 4,55%, T7 with 24,00 ± 3,48%, T2 with 4,60 ± 1,92 %, T5 y T4, both with 4,20 ± 2,00 %. Weight (F = 825,62, p < 0,0001): T2 with 1,78 ± 0,22 gram outperformed the control T5 (1,76 ± 0,50 gram), T4 with 1,45 ± 0,06 g and T7 with 1,66 ± 0,07 gram. Size (F = 248,95, p < 0,0001): T5 with 16,03 ± 0,34 mm, T2 with 15,86 ± 0,22 mm, T4 with 14,72 ± 0,35 mm and finally, 14,51 ± 0,14 millimeter in T7. Proximal chemical analysis of crude protein and fat: T2 resulted in the following results 50,81 % and 21,88 %, T4 with 53,90% y 15,04%, T7 with 42,63 % and 32,03%, and T5 con 41,1 % and 19.55%, respectively. Digestibility: T5 with 20,39%, T2 with 12,66%, T4 with 10,61% and T7 with 5,97%. T2 raw beef viscera were determined to be the most viable substrate, followed by T4 cooked beef viscera and T7 cooked chicken viscera. CONCLUSION: Testing the effectiveness of cattle viscera as substrate, the experimental data presented may help design a process for an effective treatment method for slaughterhouse waste, which might benefit developing nations in managing their waste effectively, generating high protein meal, with the potential for a circular bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we addressed the reuse of two organic waste products as fertilisers. To this end, soil fertilised with the spent mushroom substrate (SMS) or with an anaerobic digestate (DIG) was subjected to an incubation assay and the results were compared with those from soil treated with a mineral fertiliser (MIN) and an unfertilised soil (CO). The soil was sampled after fertilisation and after 90 days of aerobic incubation. Nitrogen (N) mineralisation (NH4+ and NO3–) and oxidable carbon (OC) were determined. The impact of the treatments on the soil was evaluated by measuring the enzymatic activity of arylsulfatase (ARYL), ß-galactosidase (GAL), and urease (URE). The highest OC content was observed in the SMS treatment. After 90 days of incubation, the SMS treatment showed a lower mineral N content than the CO treatment. This finding was associated with N immobilisation. However, mineral N significantly increased ARYL activity in the DIG and MIN treatments, and URE activity was always higher at both sampling times in the SMS treatment. Initially, GAL activity was notably high in the DIG treatment but decreased after incubation, reaching similar values to those registered in the CO treatment. Organic fertilisation treatments induced different effects on soil N mineralisation, showing changes in the activity of the enzymes analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research was to compare the yields of house fly larvae using different proportions of wheat bran and swine feces as larval development medium, in a randomized block experimental design with five replications: A-100 % wheat bran; B- 50% wheat bran and 50% swine feces; C- 100% swine feces. Measurements of the temperature of the substrates, as well as the temperature and relative humidity of the place where the flies were developing were made every 24 hours. The larval yield per m2 and kg of substrate, (including the water used to moisten the larval media) were also registered. The wheat bran substrate presented the highest temperature values (36.78 oC), with values above the ambient temperature. The relative humidity varied between 44 and 68%. The amount of water used per square meter was 28.75; 27.72 and 28.87 L for A, B and C treatments, respectively. The highest yield for all substrates was obtained during the first harvest after six days with the highest values for treatment B with 2869.11 g m²-1 and 181.16 g kg-1, respectively. The transformation of the crude protein of the substrates by the fly larvae was between 28.0 and 41.0%, with the highest value for treatment B with 2869,11 g m² -1 and 181,16 g kg2-1 . No presence of pathogenic agents was observed in the harvested larvae.

IntroductionThe bad management of organic waste negatively affects environmental quality and composting has been a viable recycling alternative. Microorganisms are responsible for waste degradation during the composting process and, consequently, for transforming this waste into natural fertilizer. This work aimed to analyze and identify the biodiversity of yeasts and filamentous fungi throughout a composting process based on organic residues under different treatments (commercial inoculum, non-commercial inoculum, and control treatment) and to investigate the enzymatic activity of these microorganisms.MethodsMicroorganisms were isolated and identified from samples at 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 120 days. Filamentous fungi were identified according to their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and yeasts were identified by sequencing the 18S rDNA region. All identified strains were evaluated for ligninolytic, cellulolytic, hemicellulolytic, amylolytic, pectinolytic, proteolytic, lipolytic, and ammonification. During the composting phases, the filamentous fungi were higher than the yeast population.Results and discussionAt the beginning of the process, a higher species diversity was observed, and the population of yeasts and filamentous fungi was, on average, 6.50 log CFU g−1. The microbial communities were similar throughout the process in the two inoculated treatments, which showed more significant microbial activity, diversity, and efficiency in the transformation of organic matter, and consequently, advantages in terms of the final product quality compared to the control treatment. The yeasts Pichia kudriavzevii, Pichia farinosa, Issatchenkia orientalis, and the filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus spp. proved to have high biotechnological value and could be used as starter cultures to accelerate the composting process.

A field experiment was carried out in an agricultural field in Wardiya township (32°28'24.178"N 44°26'56.459"E), which is located 10 km from the city center of Hillah in silty clay loam soil. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the level of addition of buffalo waste and wheat straw residues on some of the water characteristics of the soil. The experiment was carried out according to the Randomized complete block design (RCBD) based on split-plot design with three replicates, in which two types of organic residues were used, namely buffalo waste and wheat straw residues and each type at two levels 1% and 2% based on dry weight after incubation in the soil for 90 days, adding to the control treatment (without addition). The results of the study showed that the highest value of specific water capacity was at the moisture tension -100 cm water column to form the top of the slope of the curve, this level of tension increased the level of addition of buffalo waste leading to a decrease in the value of specific water capacity, while the residues of wheat straw have increased the value of specific water capacity when compared with the control treatment. Water capacity values then decreased as the moisture tension continued to increase to -15000 cm water, as water capacity values approached zero in the high range of tension (residual moisture content θr As the moisture tension continues to increase from -330 to -15000 cm water, there have been significant differences between transactions in the values of specific water capacity, as transactions have taken the following order in terms of the highest value of quality water capacity L0 >L3 >L1 >L4 > L2. As for values of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity as a function of moisture tension K (ψ), transactions showed a difference in their values and at each water tension depending on the content of the soil of organic matter at -10 cm. As for the unsaturated water conductivity as a function of volumetric moisture content, K (θ),, the results showed that values also had differences, in the soil coefficients to each water tension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maize is one of the most important cereals in the world. It is a crop demanding in nitrogen. Therefore, alternative sources of fertilization bring agronomic, environmental and economic benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass and productivity of maize fertigated with wastewater from swine and fish farming in different dilutions. The soil used is classified as Dystroferric Red Latosol, Cerrado phase, with clayey texture. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in 2 × 4 split plots with three replications. The treatments consisted of two sources of wastewater (fish farming and swine farming) diluted with the recommended dose of wastewater + 0, 25, 50 and 75% of its volume in water. The accumulation of dry mass (leaf, stalk and aerial parts) was evaluated at 30, 60, 90 and 110 days after sowing. The evaluation of yield variables (number of grain rows, number of grains per row, grain sizes, grain dry weight, gran yield and harvest index) occurred at 130 days after sowing. The largest accumulation of dry biomass at the end of the maize cycle and evaluated productivity variables were obtained with the application of swine farming wastewater. Wastewater from fish farming applied via an irrigation system without dilution (0%) is the most suitable for obtaining the productivity of corn grains. The two sources of wastewater have the potential to partially replace mineral nitrogen fertilizer in maize.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of untreated pig manure from diets incorporating growth-promoting supplements (antibiotics and Zn oxide) on the survival and reproduction of Eisenia andrei earthworms. The tested manures were obtained from four different groups of pigs fed with four different diets: CS, a diet based on corn and soymeal; TR, a diet based on corn, soymeal, and ground wheat (15%); CSa, a diet based on corn and soymeal + 100 ppm of doxycycline + 50 ppm of colistin + 2500 ppm of Zn oxide; and TRa, a diet based on corn, soymeal, and ground wheat (15%) + 100 ppm of doxycycline + 50 ppm of colistin + 2500 ppm of Zn oxide. The study used two soils representative of the Southern region of Brazil (Oxisol and Entisol). In general, there were no significant differences between the different manures tested in each soil. However, there were differences in the toxicity manure on E. andrei between the soils, and the magnitude of this effect was dependent on the applied dose. In Oxisol, LC50 values were higher than 80 m3 ha−1, and EC50 varied from 9 to 27 m3 ha−1. In Entisol, the LC50 values were below the lowest dose tested (< 25 m3 ha−1), and EC50 remained around 5 m3 ha−1. It may be possible that the effects observed were attributed to an excess of nitrogen, copper, and zinc, promoted by the addition of the untreated manure and how these factors interacted with soil type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Al-Khiday, located on the bank of the White Nile in Sudan, offers an exceptionally preserved stratigraphic sequence, providing a unique opportunity to use organic residue analysis to investigate diet and subsistence during the Khartoum Mesolithic and the Early Neolithic, a period of nearly 3500 years (7000–4500 cal BC). While the vast and diverse Mesolithic fish assemblage indicates a strong reliance on products from aquatic habitats, floodplains, vegetated marshes, and open water, results from the lipid residue analysis suggest that the fish were not cooked in ceramic pots, but consumed in other ways. Rather, pots were more specialized in processing plants, including wild grasses, leafy plants, and sedges. These results, confirmed by experimental analysis, provide, for the first time, direct chemical evidence for plant exploitation in the Khartoum Mesolithic. Non-ruminant fauna (e.g., warthog) and low lipid-yielding reptiles (e.g., Adanson's mud turtle and Nile monitor lizard), found in significant numbers at al-Khiday, were likely also cooked in pots. There is little evidence for the processing of wild ruminants in the Mesolithic pots, suggesting either that ruminant species were not routinely hunted or that large wild fauna may have been cooked in different ways, possibly grilled over fires. These data suggest sophisticated economic strategies by sedentary people exploiting their ecological niche to the fullest. Pottery use changed considerably in the Early Neolithic, with ruminant products being more routinely processed in pots, and while the exploitation of domesticates cannot be confirmed by a small faunal assemblage, some dairying took place. The results provide valuable information on Early and Middle Holocene lifeways in central Sudan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An experiment was conducted during the fall season of 2020 in one of the protected facilities (plastic house) in the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kufa/Iraq. This research aimed to study the effect of applying three types of decomposing organic residue solution to soil (cow, sheep, and chicken), and foliar spraying of proline with three concentrations (0, 40 and 80) mg·L-1 on some indicators of the vegetative growth of a local variety of faba bean. A factorial experiment was conducted according to R.C.B.D with three replications. The results revealed significant effects of organic residue solution of chicken for plant height 46.03 cm, leaf number 26.10 (leaf·plant-1 ), branch number 4.32 (branch·plant-1 ), and chlorophyll content 44.04 (SPAD unit) in comparison with cow residue solution. Moreover, spraying with proline at 80 mg·L-1 realized a significant increase in leaf number 25.96 (leaf·plant-1 ), branch number 3.73 (branch·plant-1 ), and relative chlorophyll content 34.68 (SPAD unit) compared to the control treatment. Consequently, the combination of the two factors was the most efficient treatment for faba bean plant growth indicators studied aforementioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to evaluate the process of anaerobic co-digestion of different proportions of food waste and fresh bovine manure. The experiments were carried out in the laboratory (using 250-mL reactors) and in a pilot-scale biodigester (8 m3). The laboratory experiment was conducted with batch feed systems testing three food waste (FW) and bovine manure (BM) ratios: 0:1, 1:2, and 3:1 (equivalent to 0, 33, and 75 % of food waste in the digester substrate, respectively). The pilot-scale biodigester had a continuous feed system and received a 1:2 FW:BM mixture ratio. The highest accumulated biogas production in the laboratory was 273 mL g-1 of volatile solids (VS) in the treatment with the 1:2 FW:BM ratio. Concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) greater than 8 g L-1 inhibited methane production, except in the treatment without food waste. In the pilot-scale biodigester, concentrations of VFA were below the inhibitory threshold, and the biogas and methane yields were 271 L kgVS-1 and 220 L kgVS-1, respectively. Therefore, food waste can be successfully co-digested with fresh bovine manure in continuous feed digesters, with an initial organic load rate of at least 2.74 kgVS m-3 day-1. Future studies should aim to test progressive increases in food waste load to identify the threshold for inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Application of pesticides for enhancement in agricultural production has serious environmental and human health implications. Their inefficient and unregulated application is among main reasons for their contamination in soil, water and food systems. Application of organic resides for soil amendment is one of the low cost and sustainable option to avoid such pesticide contamination in the environment. However, the complexity of the interactions of the pesticide with soil interface that decide their fate and transport in soil environment needs comprehensive understanding. Therefore the focus of the review is to provide an in-depth elaboration of interactions of pesticides with various components of soil environment (both virgin soil and soil amended with organic residues). In addition, the factors (from the perspective of pesticide and soil) that influence the fate and transport of pesticides are discussed. This review will be useful for researchers and practitioners in understanding the fate and transport of pesticides within intrinsic and organic residue amended soil environment that is necessary to avoid / reduce the pesticide contamination in various environmental matrices.

The foragers of the southern African Middle Stone Age were among the first humans to adapt their environment and its resources to their needs. They heat-treated stone to alter its mechanical properties, transformed yellow colorants into red pigments and produced moldable adhesive substances from plants. Until now, only Podocarpus conifers have been identified as the botanical origin of Middle Stone Age adhesives. This is curious as these conifers do not produce sticky exudations that could be recognized as potential adhesives. To obtain an adhesive, tar must be made with a technical process based on fire. However, the nature of these technical processes has remained unknown, hampering our understanding of the meaning of this adhesive technology for the cultural evolution of early Homo sapiens. Here, we present the first evidence of a technique used for tar making in the Middle Stone Age. We created an experimental reference collection containing naturally available adhesives along manufactured tars from plants available in the Middle Stone Age and compared these to artifacts using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. We found that, in the Howiesons Poort at Sibhudu Cave, tar was made by condensation, an efficient above-ground process. Even more surprisingly, the condensation method was not restricted to Podocarpus. The inhabitants of Sibhudu also produced tar from the leaves of other plants. These tars were then used, either without further transformation or were processed into ochre-based compound adhesives, suggesting that people needed different moldable substances with distinct mechanical properties. This has important implications for our understanding of Middle Stone Age H. sapiens , portraying them as skilled engineers who used and transformed their resources in a knowledgeable way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate deterioration and environmental pollution has been widely studied by a wide scientific community. The effects of the ecosystem deterioration impacts directly to human activities. In this scenario, the building industry has increased the pressure on proposing new materials to replace the cementicious component and natural resources (water, sand, gravel, and limestone) on mortar and concrete to reverse this trend. To this end, organic residues can offer opportunities as an available alternative for construction applications. Therefore, this paper aims to broaden the scope of research in this field by investigating the potential use of organic residues as cementicious building material based on bibliometric-statistical analysis using scientific information. A preliminary bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer was carried out to define the keywords co-ocurrence from Scopus database. Type of organic material, constructive use, and its properties (physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal) were extracted from scientific publications. Then, a systematic analysis criteria was defined to limit the scope of the study. Finally, statistical variance analysis and multiple correlation for identifying constructive application were applied. From the co-ocurrence analysis of keywords, we determined that 54% of the selected scientific publications were closely related to the scope of this study. State-of-the-art study established that related researches grew exponentially at a rate of about 30 % /year. Moreover, scientific publications reported the use of a wide variety of organic residues, such as wheat, paper, hemp, rice, wood, molluscs, olive, coconut, among others. Mainly, agricultural residues ( 82 % ) with building applications related to structural concrete, mortar, bricks, and blocks, had been evaluated. Physicochemical properties from organic residues (extractives content, lignin content, and density) were correlated to mechanical (compressive, flexural and tensile strength) and thermal properties (thermal conductivity). The identification of the physicochemical properties of the organic residues allow us to predict the mechanical and thermal behavior of the material with residues. In summary, agricultural residues are the most promising organic building material due to their abundance and lignin content, exhibiting better mechanic and thermal properties than any other organic residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]