88 results on '"Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall"'
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2. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on excess maternal deaths in Brazil: A two-year assessment
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Leventhal, Daniel Gray Paschoal, additional, Flores-Quispe, María del Pilar, additional, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Jacques, Nadège, additional, Morón-Duarte, Lina Sofía, additional, and Boschi-Pinto, Cynthia, additional
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- 2024
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3. Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, de Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2023
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4. Association of severe stunting in indigenous Yanomami children with maternal short stature: clues about the intergerational transmission
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Marrero, Lihsieh, Alves, Cristiano Lucas Menezes, Ruiz, Claudia Maribel Vega, Hacon, Sandra Souza, Oliveira, Marcos Wesley, and Basta, Paulo Cesar
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- 2019
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5. Excess suicides in Brazil during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: Gender, regional and age group inequalities.
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, de Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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SUICIDE , *RESEARCH , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *AGE distribution , *POPULATION geography , *ECOLOGICAL research , *RISK assessment , *SEX distribution , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HEALTH equity , *DATA analysis software , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Background: While the COVID-19 pandemic's total impact on global mortality is uncertain, an estimated 15 million excess deaths occurred during the first two pandemic years, suggesting that a broad impact, since several causes of death showed a substantial rise. Aims: To estimate excess suicides in Brazil and evaluate differences within and between subgroups during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Based on suicide data from the mortality information system of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, the expected number of suicides was estimated by age group, gender, 4-month periods and regions through quasi-Poisson generalized additive models. Analyses were performed in R software and RStudio. Results: Between March 2020 and February 2022, 29,295 suicides were reported in Brazil, close to what would be expected (30,116; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): [28,009, 32,224]), albeit in males and females aged 30 to 59 years and 60 years and over, there were excess suicides in at least one of the six 4-month periods evaluated, especially in the second pandemic year. In the Southeast region, a 28% increase was observed in women 60 years and older during the second year. In the North region, suicide increased 23% and 32% among women aged 30 to 59 years during the first and second pandemic years, respectively. The Northeast region had a 16% excess in suicides among men aged 30 to 59 years and 61% among women 60 years old and older during the second pandemic year, reaching 83% in July to October 2021. Conclusions: During the first 2 pandemic years, the pattern of suicides was not homogeneous in Brazil. There were substantial excess suicides in women aged 30 to 59 years from the North and Northeast, while among the elderly and men there was a consistent pattern in several four-month periods throughout Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Factors associated with pneumonia in Yanomami children hospitalized for Ambulatory Care sensitive conditions in the north of Brazil
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Caldart, Raquel Voges, Marrero, Lihsieh, Basta, Paulo Cesar, and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall
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- 2016
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7. Mortalidad por COVID-19 en Brasil en diferentes grupos de edad: diferenciales entre tasas extremas del 2021 y del 2022
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Marrero, Lihsieh, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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Vacinas Contra COVID-19 ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Vacunación Masiva ,Mortalidad ,Mortalidade ,COVID-19 ,Mortality ,Vacinação em Massa ,Mass Vaccination ,Vacunas Contra la COVID-19 - Abstract
Avaliar a trajetória das taxas de mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil e comparar as taxas extremas de 2022 e de 2021, em distintos grupos etários. Estudo ecológico com óbitos por síndrome respiratória aguda grave por COVID-19, tendo o Brasil como unidade de análise. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe. Foram avaliados os óbitos no período de 10 de janeiro de 2021 a 12 de fevereiro de 2022, agrupado em Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). A análise dos dados foi conduzida no software R, utilizando modelos Poisson para estimar as taxas de mortalidade. O nível de significância estatística foi 5%. Foram avaliados 408.180 óbitos, sendo 0,34% de indivíduos menores de18 anos e 64,6% daqueles com 60 anos e mais. De um lado, nas faixas etárias de 0-1, 2-4 e 5-11 anos, observaram-se maiores taxas de mortalidade nas SE 4-6/2022, em comparação às maiores de 2021. De outro, nos indivíduos de 12-17 anos, estimou-se taxa inferior no grupo de SE 4-6/2022, em comparação ao grupo de SE 11-13 de 2021, com razão de mortalidade 0,60 (IC95%: 0,38-0,94). Detectaram-se padrões opostos na mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil entre crianças e indivíduos incluídos na campanha nacional de vacinação. Entre os primeiros, observaram-se taxas de mortalidade iguais ou piores do que em fases anteriores da epidemia, contrapondo-se ao registro de queda consistente e forte dos últimos, reforçando a efetividade da vacina contra COVID-19. This ecological study evaluated the trajectory of COVID-19 mortality rates in Brazil and compared the extreme rates of 2022 and 2021, in different age groups. Data on deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome by COVID-19 were obtained from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Deaths were evaluated from January 10, 2021 to February 12, 2022, grouped into Epidemiological Weeks (EW). Data analysis was conducted in the R software, using Poisson models to estimate mortality rates. Statistical significance level was set at 5%. A total of 408,180 deaths were evaluated, 0.34% of whom were under 18 years old, and 64.6% of whom were 60 years old and over. On the one hand, in the 0-1, 2-4 and 5-11 age groups, higher mortality rates were observed in EW 4-6/2022, compared to the higher ones in 2021. On the other, in the 12-17 age group, a lower rate was estimated in the EW 4-6/2022 group compared to the EW 11-13 group in 2021, with a mortality ratio of 0.60 (95%CI: 0.38-0.94). Opposing patterns were detected in COVID-19 mortality in Brazil among children and individuals included in the national vaccination campaign. Among the former, mortality rates equal to or worse than in previous phases of the epidemic were observed, contrasting with the consistent and strong decline registered in the latter, reinforcing the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. Los objetivos fueron evaluar la trayectoria de las tasas de mortalidad por COVID-19 en Brasil y comparar las tasas extremas del 2022 y del 2021, en diferentes grupos de edad. Estudio ecológico con muertes por síndrome respiratorio agudo Severo por COVID-19, teniendo a Brasil como unidad de análisis. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de la Gripe. Se evaluaron las defunciones del 10 de enero del 2021 al 12 de febrero del 2022, agrupadas en Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE). El análisis de datos se realizó en el software R, utilizando modelos Poisson para estimar las tasas de mortalidad. El nivel de significancia estadística fue del 5%. Se evaluaron un total de 408.180 defunciones, el 0,34% fue de individuos menores de 18 años y el 64,6% fue de individuos con 60 años o más. Por una parte, en los rangos de edad 0-1, 2-4 y 5-11 se observaron mayores tasas de mortalidad en SE 4-6/2022, en comparación con las más altas del 2021. Por otra parte, en los individuos de 12-17 años se estimó una tasa inferior en el grupo SE 4-6/2022, en comparación con el grupo de SE 11-13 del 2021, con una razón de mortalidad de 0,60 (IC95%: 0,38-0,94). Se detectaron estándares opuestos en la mortalidad por COVID-19 en Brasil entre niños e individuos incluidos en la campaña nacional de vacunación. Entre los primeros, se observaron tasas de mortalidad iguales o peores que en etapas anteriores de la epidemia, en contraste con el registro de una reducción consistente y fuerte de los últimos, lo que reforzó la efectividad de la vacuna contra la COVID-19.
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- 2022
8. Monkeypox: o que estamos esperando para agir?
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Boing, Alexandra Crispim, primary, Donalísio, Maria Rita, additional, Araújo, Tânia Maria de, additional, Muraro, Ana Paula, additional, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional, Maciel, Ethel Leonor, additional, and Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva (ABRASCO), Comissão de Epidemiologia da, additional
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- 2022
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9. Robbery Victimization in Early Adulthood, and Depression and Anxiety at Age 30 Years: Results From the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Murray, Joseph, additional, Lima, Natália Peixoto, additional, Pinheiro, Ricardo Tavares, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2022
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10. Cambios en el patrón de internamientos y óbitos por COVID-19 tras una elevada vacunación de ancianos en Manaos, Amazonas, Brasil
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, Marrero, Lihsieh, Leite, Iuri da Costa, Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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Vacinas Contra COVID-19 ,Hospitalization ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Mortalidad ,Mortalidade ,Hospitalización ,Vacunación Massiva ,Mortality ,Vacinação em Massa ,Mass Vaccination ,Hospitalizações ,Vacunas Contra la COVID-19 - Abstract
A avaliação do impacto da vacinação contra a COVID-19 em idosos é escassa, sobretudo em um cenário com predomínio da variante Gama. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a cobertura vacinal e sua relação com mudanças no padrão de internações e óbitos por COVID-19 em idosos de Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. Este é um estudo ecológico com dados de internações e óbitos do Ministério da Saúde que avaliou a cobertura vacinal, mediante esquema com duas doses, além de dois regimes de vacinação associados a significativo efeito protetor, um parcial (35 ou mais dias após a primeira dose da vacina Oxford/AstraZeneca) e outro completo (14 dias ou mais após a segunda dose da vacina Sinovac-CoronaVac). A partir da data dos primeiros sintomas, padrões de internação e óbito por COVID-19 foram avaliados, comparativamente, em idosos de 60-69 e de 70 anos ou mais, em dois grupos de Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) de 2020 (não vacinados) e 2021 (vacinados). Taxas de internação e óbito foram estimadas pelo modelo Poisson. Entre 60-69 anos e naqueles com 70 anos ou mais, a cobertura por vacina foi 41,8% e 54,8%, bem como 53,5% e 90,1% nos grupos de SE 18-20/2021 e 21-23/2021, respectivamente. Em ambos os grupos de SE de 2021, observou-se substancial mudança nos padrões de internações e óbitos por COVID-19, com aumento no risco de internação e óbito nos mais jovens não vacinados, e importante redução no número de idosos vacinados, sobretudo naqueles com 60-69 anos, além de redução global de 62% (IC95%: 52-69) e 63% (IC95%: 43-75) nas taxas de internação e óbitos, respectivamente. Nossos resultados reforçam a importância da vacinação em massa, especialmente em contexto epidêmico como o de Manaus, marcado por elevada circulação da variante Gama. The impact of COVID-19 vaccination in the elderly has received relatively little attention, particularly in a scenario predominated by the gamma variant. The aim of this study was to assess vaccination coverage and its relationship to changes in the pattern of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the elderly in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. This was an ecological study with Brazilian Ministry of Health data on hospitalizations and deaths, assessing vaccination coverage based on a two-dose regimen, in addition to two vaccination regimens associated with a significant protective effect, one partial (35 days or more after the first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine) and the other complete (14 days or more after the second dose of the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine). Based on the date of initial symptoms, patterns of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths were assessed comparatively in elderly 60-69 years and 70 years or more in two groups of Epidemiological Weeks (EW) in 2020 (unvaccinated) and 2021 (vaccinated). Hospitalization and death rates were estimated with Poisson regression. In the groups 60-69 and 70 years or more, vaccination coverage rates were 41.8% and 54.8%, as well as 53.5% and 90.1%, in the EW groups 18-20/2021 and 21-23/2021, respectively. Both EW groups in 2021 showed a substantial change in the patterns of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths, with an increase in the risk of hospitalization and death in unvaccinated younger individuals and an important reduction in vaccinated elderly, especially those 60-69 years of age, besides overall reductions of 62% (95%CI: 52-69) and 63% (95%CI: 43-75) in hospitalization and death rates, respectively. Our results emphasize the importance of mass vaccination, especially during an epidemic such as in Manaus, marked by high circulation of the gamma variant. La evaluación del impacto de la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en ancianos es escasa, sobre todo en un escenario con predominio de la variante Gamma. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la cobertura de vacunación y su relación con cambios en el patrón de internamientos y óbitos por COVID-19 en ancianos de Manaos, Amazonas, Brasil. Este es un estudio ecológico con datos de internamientos y óbitos del Ministerio de Salud, que evaluó la cobertura de vacunación, mediante un esquema con dos dosis, además de dos regímenes de vacunación, asociados a un significativo efecto protector, uno parcial (35 o más días tras la primera dosis de la vacuna Oxford/AstraZeneca) y otro completo (14 días o más tras la segunda dosis de la vacuna Sinovac-CoronaVac). A partir de los datos de los primeros síntomas, se evaluaron patrones de internamiento y óbito por COVID-19, comparativamente, en ancianos de 60-69 y de 70 años o más, en dos grupos de Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) de 2020 (no vacunados) y 2021 (vacunados). Se estimaron tasas de internamiento y óbito mediante el modelo Poisson. Entre 60-69 años y en aquellos con 70 años o más, la cobertura por vacuna fue 41,8% y 54,8%, así como 53,5% y 90,1% en los grupos de SE 18-20/2021 y 21-23/2021, respectivamente. En ambos grupos de SE de 2021, se observó un cambio sustancial en los patrones de internamiento y óbitos por COVID-19, con un aumento en el riesgo de internamiento y óbito en los más jóvenes no vacunados e importante reducción en los ancianos vacunados, sobre todo en aquellos con 60-69 años, además de una reducción global de 62% (IC95%: 52-69) y 63% (IC95%: 43-75) en las tasas de internamiento y óbitos, respectivamente. Nuestros resultados refuerzan la importancia de la vacunación en masa, especialmente en un contexto epidémico como el de Manaos, marcado por una elevada circulación de la variante Gamma.
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- 2022
11. Suicide mortality in São Gabriel da Cachoeira, a predominantly indigenous Brazilian municipality
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de Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall
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- 2012
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12. Excess suicides in Brazil: Inequalities according to age groups and regions during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary and de Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte, additional
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- 2022
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13. Food profile of Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months from the Brazilian Amazon, according to the degree of food processing: a cross-sectional study
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Moraes, Aline Oliveira dos Santos, primary, Magalhães, Elma Izze da Silva, additional, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional, Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna, additional, Neves, Paulo Augusto Ribeiro, additional, Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional, and Vaz, Juliana dos Santos, additional
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- 2022
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14. Monkeypox: What are we Waiting for to Act?
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Boing, Alexandra Crispim, primary, Donalísio, Maria Rita, additional, Araújo, Tânia Maria de, additional, Muraro, Ana Paula, additional, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional, and Maciel, Ethel Leonor, additional
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- 2022
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15. Mortalidade por COVID-19 no Brasil em distintos grupos etários: diferenciais entre taxas extremas de 2021 e 2022
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2022
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16. Mudanças no padrão de internações e óbitos por COVID-19 após substancial vacinação de idosos em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, additional, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Leite, Iuri da Costa, additional, Domingues, Carla Magda Allan Santos, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2022
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17. In-hospital case fatality ratio due to COVID-19 in four Brazilian state capitals and its possible temporal relationship with the Gamma variant, 2020-2021
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Marrero, Lihsieh, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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Estudos Ecológicos ,Mortalidad Hospitalaria ,Brasil ,Ecological Studies ,COVID-19 ,Estudios Ecológicos ,Mortalidade Hospitalar ,Síndrome Respiratorio Agudo Grave ,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ,Infecções por Coronavírus ,Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave ,Hospital Mortality ,Infecciones por Coronavirus ,Coronavirus Infections ,Brazil - Abstract
Resumo Objetivo Descrever a letalidade por COVID-19 - hospitalar e em unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) - em quatro capitais brasileiras, em meses de picos epidêmicos e nos meses anteriores. Métodos Estudo ecológico com dados mensais de 2020-2021 do Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe, em indivíduos com 20 anos ou mais. Foram estimadas letalidade e mortalidade, com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados Em Manaus, a letalidade em UTI nos >59 anos foi menor em dezembro/2020 (80,9%; IC95% 78,4;83,3) e no pico de janeiro/2021 (79,9%; IC95% 77,4;82,5), em comparação ao pico de abril/2020 (88,2%; IC95% 86,1;90,3). Em São Paulo, Curitiba e Porto Alegre, observou-se queda ou estabilidade na letalidade hospitalar e em UTI, em janeiro/2021, em comparação ao mês de referência de 2020. Conclusão Em janeiro/2021, a letalidade hospitalar e em UTI caiu ou manteve-se estável nas quatro capitais, especialmente em Manaus e durante o pico epidêmico com predomínio da variante Gama. Resumen Objetivo Describir la tasa de letalidad hospitalaria y en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) por Covid-19 en cuatro capitales brasileñas, durante picos epidémicos y en meses anteriores. Métodos Estudio ecológico con datos del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de la Influenza, durante 2020-2021, en personas de 20 años o más. Se estimaron tasas de mortalidad y letalidad, con intervalos de confianza del 95,0% (IC95%). Resultados En Manaus, la letalidad en UCI en >59 años fue menor en el pico de enero/2021 (79,9%; IC95% 77,4;82,5) y diciembre/2020 (80,9%; IC95% 78,4;83,3), comparado al pico de abril/2020 (88,2%; IC95% 86,1;90,3). En São Paulo, Curitiba y Porto Alegre hubo disminución o estabilidad para letalidad hospitalaria y en UCI, comparada con la referencia de 2020. Conclusión En enero/2021, la letalidad hospitalaria y en UCI disminuyó o se mantuvo estable en las cuatro capitales, especialmente en Manaus, y durante el pico epidémico con predominio de la variante Gamma. Abstract Objective To describe in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) case fatality ratios due to COVID-19 in four Brazilian state capitals, during the months of epidemic peaks and previous months. Methods This was an ecological study using monthly data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, between 2020-2021, in individuals aged 20 years or older. Case fatality ratio and mortality rate were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results In Manaus, the capital city of the state of Amazonas, ICU case fatality ratio among those >59 years old was lower in December/2020 (80.9%; 95%CI 78.4;83.3) and during the peak in January/2021 (79.9%; 95%CI 77.4;82.5), compared to the peak in April/2020 (88.2%; 95%CI 86.1;90.3). In São Paulo, the capital city of the state of São Paulo, Curitiba, the capital city of the state of Paraná, and Porto Alegre, the capital city of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, there was a decrease or stability in ICU and in-hospital case fatality ratio in January/2021, compared to the reference month in 2020. Conclusion In January/2021, in-hospital and ICU case fatality ratios decreased or remained stable in the four state capitals, especially in Manaus, and during the epidemic peak with the prevalence of the Gamma variant.
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- 2021
18. Food profile of Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months from the Brazilian Amazon, according to the degree of food processing: a cross-sectional study.
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Moraes, Aline Oliveira dos Santos, Magalhães, Elma Izze da Silva, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna, Neves, Paulo Augusto Ribeiro, Basta, Paulo Cesar, and Vaz, Juliana dos Santos
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INDIGENOUS children ,PROCESSED foods ,FOOD industry ,CROSS-sectional method ,FOOD consumption ,CHILD nutrition - Abstract
Objective: The current study aimed to characterise the food profile of Yanomami indigenous children according to the degree of food processing and its associated factors. Design: This is a cross-sectional study with Yanomami indigenous children aged 6 to 59 months. Socio-demographic, maternal and infant data were collected through a standardised questionnaire. The food profile was obtained by using a list of thirty-four foods to verify the child's consumption of these foods on the day preceding the interview. Foods were classified according to the degree of processing based on the NOVA system (in natura or minimally processed, processed culinary ingredients, processed and ultra-processed). In natura and minimally processed foods were subdivided into 'regional' and 'urban' foods. Poisson regression analysis was applied to estimate the associated factors according to the 90 % CI. Setting: Three villages (Auaris, Maturacá and Ariabú) in the Yanomami indigenous territory, in the Brazilian Amazon. Participants: In total, 251 Yanomami children aged 6 to 59 months were evaluated. Results: The prevalence of consumption of 'regional' and 'urban' in natura or minimally processed foods was 93 % and 56 %, respectively, and consumption of ultra-processed foods was 32 %. Ultra-processed food consumption was 11·6 times higher in children of Maturacá and 9·2 times higher in Ariabú when compared with the children of Auaris and 31 % lower in children who had mothers with shorter stature. Conclusion: Despite the high frequency of consumption of in natura and minimally processed foods, the consumption of ultra-processed foods was substantial and was associated with demographic and maternal factors in Yanomani indigenous children under 5 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. Exceso de muertes por causas respiratorias en ocho metrópolis brasileñas durante los seis primeros meses de la pandemia de COVID-19
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Marrero, Lihsieh, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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Ubicaciones Geográficas ,Mortalidad ,Mortalidade ,COVID-19 ,Localização Geográfica ,Geohraphic Locations ,Mortality ,Pobreza ,Poverty - Abstract
Resumo: No Brasil, um dos países mais afetados pela pandemia de COVID-19, dados de mortalidade não refletem a real cifra de óbitos pela doença. O objetivo deste estudo é estimar o excesso de mortes por causas respiratórias e suas trajetórias durante os seis primeiros meses da epidemia de COVID-19, em adultos com 20 anos e mais de oito metrópoles regionais do Brasil. Estudo ecológico em que mortes por causas respiratórias (influenza, pneumonias, bronquites, outras doenças pulmonares obstrutivas crônicas, insuficiência respiratória aguda ou crônica, insuficiência respiratória ou transtorno respiratório não especificado e outras mortes codificadas com sintomas respiratórios) foram extraídas do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade. Óbitos esperados foram estimados com modelos aditivos generalizados quasipoisson. Entre 23 de fevereiro e 8 de agosto de 2020, foram registradas 46.028 mortes por causas respiratórias nas 8 cidades e excesso de 312% (IC95%: 304-321). Manaus (Amazonas), apresentou o maior excedente, 758% (IC95%: 668-858) e São Paulo o menor, 174% (IC95%: 164-183). Foi detectado precoce excesso nas Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) 9-12 em Belém (Pará), Fortaleza (Ceará) e São Paulo. Em geral, o excesso de mortes, em termos relativos, foi maior dos 40-59 anos e em homens. A mortalidade excedente foi regionalmente heterogênea, com 2.463% (IC95%: 1.881-3.281) nas SE 17-20 em Manaus (Região Norte) e 808% (IC95%: 612-1.059) nas SE 28-32 em Curitiba (Paraná, Região Sul). O elevado e heterogêneo percentual de mortes respiratórias excedentes sugere alta subnotificação de óbitos por COVID-19, reforça as desigualdades regionais e a necessidade de revisão das mortes associadas a sintomas respiratórios. In Brazil, one of the countries most heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality data fail to reflect the real number of deaths from the disease. The study aimed to estimate excess deaths from respiratory causes and their trends during the first six month of the COVID-19 epidemic in adults 20 years or older in eight regional metropolises in Brazil. In this ecological study, deaths from respiratory causes (influenza, pneumonias, bronchitis, other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, acute or chronic respiratory failure, respiratory failure or respiratory disorder not otherwise specified, and other deaths coded with respiratory symptoms) were extracted from the Mortality Information System. Expected deaths were estimated with quasi-Poisson generalized additive models. From February 23 to August 8, 2020, 46,028 deaths from respiratory causes were recorded in the eight cities, with an excess of 312% (95%CI: 304-321). Manaus (Amazonas State), presented the highest excess, with 758% (95%CI: 668-858) and São Paulo the lowest, with 174% (95%CI: 164-183). Early excess mortality was detected in Epidemiological Weeks (EW) 9-12 in Belém (Pará State), Fortaleza (Ceará State), and São Paulo. In general, excess mortality was relatively higher in the 40-59-year age bracket and in men. Excess mortality was regionally heterogeneous, with 2,463% (95%CI: 1,881-3,281) in EW 17-20 in Manaus (North Region) and 808% (95%CI: 612-1,059) in EW 28-32 in Curitiba (Paraná State, South Region). The high and heterogeneous percentage of excess respiratory deaths suggests high underreporting of COVID-19 deaths, which highlights regional inequalities and the need for revision of deaths associated with respiratory symptoms. Resumen: En Brasil, uno de los países más afectados por la pandemia de COVID-19, los datos de mortalidad no reflejan la cifra real de fallecimientos por la enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es estimar el exceso de muertes por causas respiratorias y sus trayectorias durante los seis primeros meses de la epidemia de COVID-19, en adultos con 20 años y más de ocho metrópolis regionales de Brasil. Estudio ecológico donde las muertes por causas respiratorias (gripe, neumonías, bronquitis, otras enfermedades pulmonares obstructivas crónicas, insuficiencia respiratoria aguda o crónica, insuficiencia respiratoria o trastorno respiratorio no especificado y otras muertes codificadas con síntomas respiratorios) fueron extraídas del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad. Los óbitos esperados fueron estimados con modelos generalizados aditivos casi-Poisson. Entre el 23 de febrero y el 8 de agosto de 2020, se registraron 46.028 muertes por causas respiratorias en las ocho ciudades y un exceso de 312% (IC95%: 304-321). Manaos (Amazonas) presentó el mayor excedente, un 758% (IC95%: 668-858) y São Paulo el menor, un 174% (IC95%: 164-183). Se detectó un exceso precoz en las Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) 9-12 en Belém (Pará), Fortaleza y São Paulo. En general, el exceso de muertes, en términos relativos, fue mayor de los 40-59 años y en hombres. La mortalidad excedente fue regionalmente heterogénea, con 2.463% (IC95%: 1.881-3.281) en las SE 17-20 en Manaos (Región Norte) y un 808% (IC95%: 612-1.059) en las SE 28-32 en Curitiba (Paraná, Región Sur). El elevado y heterogéneo porcentaje de muertes respiratorias excedentes sugiere un alto subregistro de óbitos por COVID-19, refuerza las desigualdades regionales y la necesidad de revisión de las muertes asociadas a síntomas respiratorios.
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- 2021
20. Tuberculosis in Amazonian municipalities of the Brazil-Colombia-Peru-Venezuela border: epidemiological situation and risk factors associated with treatment default/Tuberculose nos municipios amazonenses da fronteira Brasil-Colombia-Peru-Venezuela: situacao epidemiologica e fatores associados ao abandono
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Belo, Elsia Nascimento, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Levino, Antonio, and Basta, Paulo Cesar
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- 2013
21. Intergenerational Association of Short Maternal Stature with Stunting in Yanomami Indigenous Children from the Brazilian Amazon
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna, additional, Vaz, Juliana dos Santos, additional, Neves, Paulo Augusto Ribeiro, additional, de Vasconcellos, Ana Claudia Santiago, additional, de Souza Hacon, Sandra, additional, and Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional
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- 2021
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22. Exceso de muertes durante la pandemia de COVID-19: subnotificación y desigualdades regionales en Brasil
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, Marrero, Lihsieh, Moreira, Ronaldo Ismerio, Leite, Iuri da Costa, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa
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Mortalidad ,Mortalidade ,COVID-19 ,Mortality ,Pobreza ,Poverty - Abstract
O Brasil é um dos países mais afetados pela pandemia de COVID-19 e o real número de mortes pela doença torna o cenário ainda mais desafiador. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o excesso de mortes e suas diferenças em adultos com 20 anos e mais em Manaus (Amazonas), Fortaleza (Ceará), Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo, de acordo com o local de ocorrência do óbito, características demográficas e trajetória ao longo do tempo. Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e na Central de Informações do Registro Civil Nacional. As estimativas de óbitos esperados foram obtidas por meio de modelos aditivos generalizados quasi-Poisson com ajuste de sobredispersão. Entre 23 de fevereiro e 13 de junho de 2020, foram registradas 74.410 mortes naturais nas quatro cidades, com excesso de mortes de 46% (IC95%: 44-47). O maior excesso de mortes ocorreu em Manaus, 112% (IC95%: 103-121), seguido por Fortaleza, 72% (IC95%: 67-78), Rio de Janeiro, 42% (IC95%: 40-45) e São Paulo, 34% (IC95%: 32-36). O excesso de mortes foi maior nos homens e não significativo nas Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) 9-12, exceto em São Paulo, 10% (IC95%: 6-14). Em geral, o pico de mortes excedentes ocorreu nas SE 17-20. O excesso de mortes não explicado diretamente pela COVID-19 e de mortes em domicílios/via pública foi alto, especialmente em Manaus. A elevada porcentagem de mortes excedentes, de mortes não explicadas diretamente pela COVID-19 e de mortes fora do hospital sugerem alta subnotificação de mortes por COVID-19 e reforça a extensa dispersão do SARS-CoV-2, como também a necessidade da revisão de todas as causas de mortes associadas a sintomas respiratórios pelos serviços de vigilância epidemiológica. Brazil is one of the most heavily impacted countries by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the real number of deaths from the disease makes the scenario even more challenging. This study aimed to estimate the excess deaths and their differences in adults 20 years and older in Manaus (Amazonas State), Fortaleza (Ceará State), Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, according to place of death, demographic characteristics, and trajectory over time. The data were obtained from the Mortality Information System and the Central Information Office of the National Civil Registry. The estimates of expected deaths were obtained from quasi-Poisson generalized additive models, adjusting for overdispersion. From February 23 to June 13, 2020, 74,410 natural deaths were recorded in the four cities, with 46% excess deaths (95%CI: 44-47). The largest amount of excess deaths was in Manaus, with 112% (95%CI: 103-121), followed by Fortaleza with 72% (95%CI: 67-78), Rio de Janeiro with 42% (95%CI: 40-45), and São Paulo with 34% (95%CI: 32-36). Excess deaths were greater in males and non-significant in Epidemiologic Weeks (EW) 9-12, except in São Paulo, 10% (95%CI: 6-14). The peak in excess deaths generally occurred in EW 17-20. The number of excess deaths not explained directly by COVID-19 and deaths at home or on public byways is high, especially in Manaus. The high percentages of excess deaths, deaths not explained directly by COVID-19, and deaths outside the hospital suggest high underreporting of deaths from COVID-19 and reinforce the extensive spread of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the need for epidemiological surveillance services to review all causes of deaths associated with respiratory symptoms. Brasil es uno de los países más afectados por la pandemia de COVID-19 y el número real de muertes por la enfermedad lo convierte en un escenario todavía más desafiante. El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar el exceso de muertes y sus diferencias en adultos con 20 años y más en Manaus (Amazonas), Fortaleza (Ceará), Rio de Janeiro y São Paulo, de acuerdo con el lugar de ocurrencia del fallecimiento, características demográficas y trayectoria a lo largo del tiempo. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad y de la Central de Información del Registro Civil Nacional. Las estimaciones de óbitos esperados se obtuvieron mediante modelos aditivos generalizados quasi-Poisson con ajuste de sobredispersión. Entre el 23 de febrero y 13 de junio de 2020, se registraron 74.410 muertes naturales en las cuatro ciudades, con un exceso de muertes de un 46% (IC95%: 44-47). El mayor exceso de muertes se produjo en Manaus, 112% (IC95%: 103-121), seguido por Fortaleza, 72% (IC95%: 67-78), Río de Janeiro, 42% (IC95%: 40-45) y São Paulo, 34% (IC95%: 32-36). El exceso de muertes fue mayor en hombres y no significativo en las Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE) 9-12, excepto en São Paulo, 10% (IC95%: 6-14). En general, el pico de muertes excedentarias se produjo en las SE 17-20. El exceso de muertes no explicado directamente por la COVID-19 y de las muertes en domicilios/vía pública fue alto, especialmente en Manaus. El elevado porcentaje de muertes excedentarias, de muertes no explicadas directamente por la COVID-19, y de muertes fuera del hospital, sugieren una alta subnotificación de muertes por COVID-19 y refuerza la extensa dispersión del SARS-CoV-2, así como también la necesidad de una revisión de todas las causas de muertes asociadas a síntomas respiratorios, por parte de los servicios de vigilancia epidemiológica.
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- 2021
23. Explosion in mortality in the Amazonian epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic 19
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, Marrero, Lihsieh, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, and Leite, Iuri da Costa
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Vigilancia en Salud Pública ,Mortalidad ,Mortalidade ,Poblaciones Vulnerables ,COVID-19 ,Vigilância em Saúde Pública ,Public Health Surveillance ,Populações Vulneráveis ,Mortality ,Vulnerable Populations - Abstract
Manaus, capital do estado brasileiro do Amazonas, é o atual epicentro da epidemia na Amazônia com um aumento repentino de mortes que preocupa gestores e sociedade. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o excesso na mortalidade geral, segundo Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE), visando a identificar mudanças potencialmente associadas à epidemia em Manaus. Dados de mortalidade geral e grupos de causas foram obtidos na Central de Informações do Registro Civil Nacional e no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, para 2018, 2019 e 2020. Analisou-se faixa etária, sexo, local de ocorrência do óbito, SE, ano-calendário e causas de morte. Calcularam-se razões entre as mortes ocorridas em 2019/2018 e 2020/2019 para avaliar o excesso de mortes, com intervalos de confiança no nível de 5%. Não observou-se excesso de mortalidade geral significativo nas razões 2019/2018, independentemente da SE. Já as razões de 2020/2019 passaram de 1,0 (IC95%: 0,9-1,3) na SE 12 para 4,6 (IC95%: 3,9-5,3) na SE 17. Observou-se excesso de mortalidade geral com a progressão da idade, especialmente em indivíduos com 60 anos e mais, os quais concentraram 69,1% (IC95%: 66,8-71,4) das mortes. A razão 2020/2019 para óbitos em domicílio/via pública foi de 1,1 (IC95%: 0,7-1,8) na SE 12 e de 7,8 (IC95%: 5,4-11,2) na SE 17. A explosão da mortalidade geral em Manaus e a elevada proporção de óbitos em domicílio/via pública expõe a gravidade da epidemia em contextos de grande desigualdade social e fraca efetividade de ações governamentais, em especial aquelas voltadas ao enfrentamento das desigualdades sociais e para a garantia e fortalecimento do Sistema Único de Saúde. Manaus, capital del estado brasileño del Amazonas, es el actual epicentro de la epidemia en Amazonia y el aumento repentino de muertes preocupa a gestores y a la sociedad. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el exceso en la mortalidad general, según Semanas Epidemiológicas (SE), con el objetivo de identificar cambios potencialmente asociados a la epidemia en Manaus. Los datos de mortalidad general y grupos de causas se obtuvieron en la Central de Información del Registro Civil Nacional y en el Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad, referentes a 2018, 2019 y 2020. Se analizó franja de edad, sexo, lugar donde se produjo el fallecimiento, SE, año-calendario y causas de muerte. Se calcularon las causas entre las muertes acaecidas en 2019/2018 y 2020/2019 para evaluar el exceso de muertes, con intervalos de confianza en el nivel de 5%. No se observó un exceso de mortalidad general significativo en las causas 2019/2018, independientemente de la SE. Ya las causas de 2020/2019 pasaron de 1,0 (IC95%: 0,9-1,3) en la SE 12 a 4,6 (IC95%: 3,9-5,3) en la SE 17. Se observó un exceso de mortalidad general con la progresión de la edad, especialmente en individuos con 60 años y más, quienes concentraron un 69,1% (IC95%: 66,8-71,4) de las muertes. La razón 2020/2019 para óbitos en domicilio/vía pública fue de 1,1 (IC95%: 0,7-1,8) en la SE 12 y de 7,8 (IC95%: 5,4-11,2) en la SE 17. La explosión de la mortalidad general en Manaus y la elevada proporción de óbitos en domicilio/vía pública expone la gravedad de la epidemia en contextos de gran desigualdad social y débil efectividad de las acciones gubernamentales, en especial aquellas dirigidas al combate de las desigualdades sociales y para la garantía y fortalecimiento del Sistema Único de Salud. Manaus, the capital of the Brazilian State of Amazonas, is the current epicenter of the COVID-19 epidemic in Amazonia. The sharp increase in deaths is a huge concern for health system administrators and society. The study aimed to analyze excess overall mortality according to Epidemiological Week (EW) in order to identify changes potentially associated with the epidemic in Manaus. Overall and cause-specific mortality data were obtained from the Central Database of the National Civil Registry and the Mortality Information System for 2018, 2019, and 2020. The study analyzed age bracket, sex, place of death, EW, calendar year, and causes of death. Ratios were calculated between deaths in 2019/2018 and 2020/2019 to estimate excess deaths, with 5% confidence intervals. No significant excess overall mortality was seen in the ratios for 2019/2018, independently of EW. Meanwhile, the ratios for 2020/2019 increased from 1.0 (95%CI: 0.9-1.3) in EW 11 to 4.6 (95%CI: 3.9-5.3) in EW 17. Excess overall mortality was observed with increasing age, especially in individuals 60 years or older, who accounted for 69.1% (95%CI: 66.8-71.4) of the deaths. The ratios for 2020/2019 for deaths at home or on public byways were 1.1 (95%CI: 0.7-1.8) in EW 12 and 7.8 (95%CI: 5.4-11.2) in EW 17. The explosion in overall mortality in Manaus and the high proportion of deaths at home or on public byways reveals the epidemic’s severity in contexts of heavy social inequality and weak effectiveness of government policies, especially policies meant to deal with social inequalities and strengthen the Unified Health System.
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- 2020
24. Excesso de mortes por causas respiratórias em oito metrópoles brasileiras durante os seis primeiros meses da pandemia de COVID-19
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2021
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25. Excesso de mortes durante a pandemia de COVID-19: subnotificação e desigualdades regionais no Brasil
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, additional, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Moreira, Ronaldo Ismerio, additional, Leite, Iuri da Costa, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2021
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26. Letalidade hospitalar por COVID-19 em quatro capitais brasileiras e sua possível relação temporal com a variante Gama, 2020-2021
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2021
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27. Explosão da mortalidade no epicentro amazônico da epidemia de COVID-19
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, additional, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional, and Leite, Iuri da Costa, additional
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- 2020
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28. Transtornos mentais em adolescentes, jovens e adultos do Consórcio de Coortes de Nascimento brasileiras RPS (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas e São Luís)
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Ribeiro, Marizélia Rodrigues Costa, additional, Barbieri, Marco Antonio, additional, Saraiva, Maria da Conceição, additional, Cardoso, Viviane Cunha, additional, Bettiol, Heloísa, additional, Silva, Antonio Augusto Moura da, additional, Barros, Fernando C., additional, Gonçalves, Helen, additional, Wehrmeister, Fernando C., additional, Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista, additional, Del-Ben, Cristina Marta, additional, and Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional
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- 2020
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29. Urban violence and risk factors for femicide in the Brazilian Amazon
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, Marrero, Lihsieh, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, and Leite, Iuri da Costa
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Fatores de Risco ,Factores de Riesgo ,Domestic Violence ,Violencia Doméstica ,Estupro ,Violência Doméstica ,Escolaridad ,Escolaridade ,Risk Factors ,Homicidio ,Rape ,Educational Status ,Violación ,Homicide ,Homicídio - Abstract
Resumo: Apesar de sua gravidade, o feminicídio é pouco investigado e suas estimativas dependem das estratégias usadas à sua caracterização, do contexto sociocultural e político. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os homicídios intencionais de mulheres, com enfoque nos feminicídios, destacando suas características e fatores de risco. Estudo transversal, baseado em vigilância diária de homicídios na imprensa e em registros de mortalidade. Foram consideradas vítimas fatais por agressões, mortes de mulheres maiores de 11 anos, residentes em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil, em 2016-2017. A classificação de feminicídios baseou-se na Lei nº 13.104/2015. O risco relativo foi estimado mediante regressão de Poisson e um modelo hierárquico foi empregado para a introdução das variáveis nos modelos. As análises foram efetuadas no software R. De 138 vítimas fatais por agressões, 52 foram feminicídios, 37,7% (IC: 29,4-45,5). A cada acréscimo unitário de idade o risco de feminicídio reduzia em 3% (IC: 0,95-0,99). O risco de feminicídio foi 40% menor (IC: 0,40-0,90) nas mulheres com até sete anos de escolaridade, em comparação às que tinham oito anos ou mais; as mulheres agredidas mediante força corporal tiveram risco 5,5 (IC: 2,6-11,3) vezes maior de feminicídio, em comparação às que foram agredidas com arma de fogo; e risco de feminicídio de 1,4 (IC: 1,1-2,7) nas que foram mortas durante o dia, em relação às que morreram de noite. A proporção de feminicídio deste estudo foi inferior a estimativas prévias no Brasil e a carga local da criminalidade urbana parece explicar parte desta divergência. Este trabalho demonstrou que idade, escolaridade, uso da força corporal e turno da agressão estão associados ao feminicídio. Resumen: A pesar de su gravedad, el feminicidio ha sido poco investigado y sus estimaciones dependen de las estrategias usadas para su caracterización, así como del contexto sociocultural y político. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los homicidios intencionales de mujeres, centrándose en los feminicidios, destacando sus características y factores de riesgo. Se trata de un estudio transversal, basado en la vigilancia diaria de homicidios en prensa y en registros de mortalidad. Se consideraron víctimas fatales por agresiones, muertes de mujeres mayores de 11 años, residentes en Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil, entre 2016-2017. La clasificación de feminicidios se basó en la Ley nº 13.104/2015. El riesgo relativo se estimó mediante regresión de Poisson y se empleó un modelo jerárquico para la introducción de las variables en los modelos. Los análisis se efectuaron en el software R. De 138 víctimas fatales por agresiones, 52 fueron feminicidios, un 37,7% (IC: 29,4-45,5). Con cada aumento unitario de edad, el riesgo de feminicidio se reducía en un 3% (IC: 0,95-0,99); el riesgo de feminicidio fue un 40% menor (IC: 0,40-0,90) en las mujeres con hasta siete años de escolaridad, en comparación con las que tenían ocho años o más; las mujeres agredidas mediante fuerza corporal tuvieron un riesgo 5,5 (IC: 2,6-11,3) veces mayor de feminicidio, en comparación con las que fueron agredidas con arma de fuego; y un riesgo de feminicidio de 1,4 (IC: 1,1-2,7) quienes fueron asesinadas durante el día, en relación con quienes murieron de noche. La proporción de feminicidio de este estudio fue inferior a las estimaciones previas en Brasil y la carga local de la criminalidad urbana parece explicar parte de esta divergencia. Este estudio demostró que la edad, escolaridad, uso de la fuerza corporal y período del día de la agresión están asociados al feminicidio. Abstract: Femicide has received relatively little research attention, despite its severity. Estimates of femicide depend on the strategies used to define it within the sociocultural and political context. This study aimed to assess intentional homicides of women, focusing on femicides, highlighting the characteristics and risk factors. This was a cross-sectional study based on daily surveillance of homicides in the press and mortality records. The study considered fatal victims of assault in women over 11 years of age in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil, in 2016-2017. Classification of femicide was based on Brazil’s Law n. 13,104/2015. Relative risk was estimated by Poisson regression, and a hierarchical model was used to include variables in the models. Analyses were performed in the R statistical package. Of 138 fatal victims of assault, 52 were cases of femicide, or 37.7% (CI: 29.4-45.5). Each unit addition of age reduced the risk of femicide by 3% (CI: 0.95-0.99). Risk of femicide was 40% lower (CI: 0.40-0.90) in women with up to seven years of schooling, when compared to those with eight years or more. Women killed by bodily force showed 5.5 times higher risk (CI: 2.6-11.3) of femicide, compared to those killed with firearms. Relative risk of femicide was 1.4 (CI: 1.1-2.7) in women killed in daytime, compared to those killed at night. The proportion of femicide in this study was lower than in previous estimates in Brazil, and the local burden of urban crime appears to explain part of this discrepancy. This study showed that age, schooling, use of bodily force, and time of day when the assault occurred are associated with femicide.
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- 2019
30. Associação de baixa estatura severa em crianças indígenas Yanomami com baixa estatura materna: indícios de transmissão intergeracional
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Alves, Cristiano Lucas Menezes, additional, Ruiz, Claudia Maribel Vega, additional, Hacon, Sandra Souza, additional, Oliveira, Marcos Wesley, additional, and Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional
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- 2019
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31. Violência urbana e fatores de risco relacionados ao feminicídio em contexto amazônico brasileiro
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, additional, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional, and Leite, Iuri da Costa, additional
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- 2019
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32. Fatores associados ao homicídio em Manaus, Amazonas, 2014
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Cunha, Geraldo Marcelo da, additional, Brito, Bárbara Christie de Souza, additional, Horta, Bernardo Lessa, additional, and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional
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- 2017
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33. Factors associated with TB in an indigenous population in Brazil: the effect of a cash transfer program
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Malacarne, Jocieli, primary, Kolte, Ida Viktoria, additional, Freitas, Lais Picinini, additional, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional, Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de, additional, Souza-Santos, Reinaldo, additional, and Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional
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- 2018
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34. Cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Indígena (SISVAN-I) e prevalência de desvios nutricionais em crianças Yanomami menores de 60 meses, Amazônia, Brasil
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Pantoja, Lídia de Nazaré, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Leite, Maurício Soares, and Basta, Paulo Cesar
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Nutritional status ,Health of indigenous peoples ,Estado nutricional ,Vigilância nutricional ,Nutritional surveillance ,Saúde de populações indígenas - Abstract
Objetivos: analisar a cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Indígena (SISVANI) e estimar a prevalência de desvios nutricionais em crianças menores 60 meses, no Distrito Sanitário Especial Indígena Yanomami (DSEI-Yanomami). Métodos: estudo transversal descritivo, efetuado entre maio/2008 e abril/2009. Para o cálculo da cobertura considerou-se a divisão das crianças avaliadas pelo total de crianças cadastradas e incluíram-se os Pólos-Base com pelo menos um registro de peso e estatura em cada trimestre. A avaliação nutricional baseou-se no primeiro registro identificado no período em estudo e utilizou como referência as curvas da Organização Mundial da Saúde (2006). Fatores associados ao baixo peso para a idade (P/I) foram analisados por meio de regressão logística. Resultados: a cobertura média nos 8 Pólos-Base selecionados foi 27,7%. Ao todo, 80,5% crianças apresentaram baixa E/I; 57,5% baixo P/I; 8,4% magreza e 5,5% sobrepeso. Registraram-se as maiores chances de baixo P/I nas crianças 36 a 59 meses e no subgrupo Sanumá (OR=2,9; IC95%: 2,1-3,9 e OR=9,8; IC95%: 5,9-16,1, respectivamente). Não houve diferenças entre sexos. Conclusões: embora a cobertura do SISVAN-I tenha sido baixa, o sistema mostrou-se útil ao revelar a grave situação nutricional das crianças do DSEIY-anomami e sinalizar para a necessidade de medidas de intervenção. Objectives: to investigate the coverage of the System for Nutrition Surveillance of Indigenous People (SISVAN-I) and to estimate the prevalence of nutritional disorders in children aged under 60 months, in the Yanomami Special Sanitary District (DSEI-Yanomami). Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between May 2008 and April 2009. Coverage was calculated by dividing the number of children evaluated by the total number of children enrolled. The health basic units (PB) with at least one record of weight and height available at each trimester, were included. The nutritional evaluation was based on the first record identified during the study period and used the World Health Organization curves as a point of reference (2006). Factors associated with low weight for age (W/A) were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: the mean coverage at the eight PB selected was 27.7%. In all, 80.5% of children presented with low H/A; 57.5% with low W/A; 8.4% were thin and 5.5% overweight. The greatest likelihood of low W/A was found in children aged 36 to 59 months and in the Sanumá subgroup (OR=2.9 IC95%: 2.1-3.9 and OR=9.8 IC95%: 5.9-16.1, respectively). There was no difference between boys and girls. Conclusions: although the coverage of the SISVAN-I has been low, the system has proved useful in revealing the severe nutritional situation among children in the DSEI-Yanomami and has signaled a need for intervention.
- Published
- 2014
35. Fatores associados à pneumonia em crianças Yanomami internadas por condições sensíveis à atenção primária na região norte do Brasil
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Caldart, Raquel Voges, primary, Marrero, Lihsieh, additional, Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional, and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional
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- 2016
- Full Text
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36. Mortality by suicide: a focus on municipalities with a high proportion of self-reported indigenous people in the state of Amazonas, Brazil
- Author
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Basta, Paulo Cesar, and Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de
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Suicide ,Indigenous health ,Epidemiology ,Ethnicity ,Etnicidade ,Saúde indígena ,Suicídio ,Brazilian Amazon ,Epidemiologia ,Desigualdades em saúde ,Health inequalities ,Amazônia brasileira - Abstract
Objective: To analyze mortality rates and to describe the demographic and epidemiological characteristics of suicides recorded in the state of Amazonas. Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study has been carried out with emphasis on municipalities, which have shown, simultaneously, a high mortality rates and a high proportion of self-reported indigenous population, based on 2005 - 2009 data as provided by the Informatics Department of the Unified National Health System. Results: Among the general population of the state of Amazonas, the mortality rate, by suicide, of 4.2/100.000 inhabitants has been reported, similar to that of Manaus (4.6/100.000 inhabitants). In contrast, at Tabatinga (25.2/100.000 inhabitants), at São Gabriel da Cachoeira (27.6/100.000 inhabitants) and at Santa Isabel do Rio Negro (36.4/100.000 inhabitants), municipalities, where the proportion of self-reported indigenous population is high, besides the taxes being notably higher, it was observed that most of the suicides has occurred among men; among young men aged between 15 - 24 years; at home; by hanging; during "weekend" and among the indigenous population. Discussion: Our findings have unveiled that suicide comes forth as a serious public health issue in some municipalities in the state of Amazonas, further indicating that the event occurs within very specific contexts, and that the dimension and the magnitude of the problem can be even more serious among populations or in territories exclusively inhabited by indigenous people. Objetivo: analisar as taxas de mortalidade e descrever as características demográficas e epidemiológicas dos suicídios registrados no Estado do Amazonas. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo descritivo e retrospectivo com ênfase nos municípios que apresentaram, simultaneamente, elevadas taxas de mortalidade e elevadas proporções de população autodeclarada indígena, com base nos dados de 2005 - 2009 do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Resultados: Na população geral do Amazonas foi reportada taxa de mortalidade por suicídio de 4,2/100.000 habitantes, semelhante a de Manaus (4,6/100.000 habitantes). Em contraposição em Tabatinga (25,2/100.000 habitantes), em São Gabriel da Cachoeira (27,6/100.000 habitantes) e em Santa Isabel do Rio Negro (36,4/100.000 habitantes), municípios nos quais a proporção de população autodeclarada indígena é alta, além de taxas notadamente superiores, observou-se que a maioria dos suicídios ocorreu em homens; em jovens de 15 - 24 anos; no domicílio; por enforcamento; no "fim de semana" e em indígenas. Discussão: Nossos achados revelam que o suicídio desponta como um sério problema de saúde pública em alguns municípios do Amazonas, indicando ainda que o evento ocorre em um contexto particular e que a dimensão e a magnitude do problema possa ser ainda mais grave em populações ou territórios formados exclusivamente por indígenas.
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- 2013
37. Suicide Among the Indigenous People in Brazil: A Hidden Public Health Issue
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Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall
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- 2012
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38. Cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Indígena (SISVAN-I) e prevalência de desvios nutricionais em crianças Yanomami menores de 60 meses, Amazônia, Brasil
- Author
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Pantoja, Lídia de Nazaré, primary, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional, Leite, Maurício Soares, additional, and Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional
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- 2014
- Full Text
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39. Desigualdades na mortalidade por suicídio entre indígenas e não indígenas no estado do Amazonas, Brasil
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Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de, primary and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, additional
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- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Mortality by suicide: a focus on municipalities with a high proportion of self-reported indigenous people in the state of Amazonas, Brazil
- Author
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional, and Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte de, additional
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- 2013
- Full Text
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41. Características sociodemográficas e indicadores operacionais de controle da tuberculose entre indígenas e não indígenas de Rondônia, Amazônia Ocidental, Brasil
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Gonçalves, Maria Jacirema Ferreira, additional, and Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional
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- 2012
- Full Text
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42. Morbidade hospitalar em crianças indígenas Suruí menores de dez anos, Rondônia, Brasil: 2000 a 2004
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Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, primary, Basta, Paulo Cesar, additional, Santos, Ricardo Ventura, additional, and Coimbra Jr., Carlos E.A., additional
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- 2007
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43. Cobertura do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional Indígena (SISVAN-I) e prevalência de desvios nutricionais em crianças Yanomami menores de 60 meses, Amazônia, Brasil.
- Author
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de Nazaré Pantoja, Lídia, Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall, Leite, Maurício Soares, and Basta, Paulo Cesar
- Subjects
- *
CHILD nutrition , *INDIGENOUS peoples , *YANOMAMO (South American people) - Abstract
Objectives: to investigate the coverage of the System for Nutrition Surveillance of Indigenous People (SISVAN-I) and to estimate the prevalence of nutritional disorders in children aged under 60 months, in the Yanomami Special Sanitary District (DSEI-Yanomami). Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between May 2008 and April 2009. Coverage was calculated by dividing the number of children evaluated by the total number of children enrolled. The health basic units (PB) with at least one record of weight and height available at each trimester, were included. The nutritional evaluation was based on the first record identified during the study period and used the World Health Organization curves as a point of reference (2006). Factors associated with low weight for age (W/A) were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: the mean coverage at the eight PB selected was 27.7%. In all, 80.5% of children presented with low H/A; 57.5% with low W/A; 8.4% were thin and 5.5% overweight. The greatest likelihood of low W/A was found in children aged 36 to 59 months and in the Sanumá subgroup (OR=2.9 IC95%: 2.1-3.9 and OR=9.8 IC95%: 5.9-16.1, respectively). There was no difference between boys and girls. Conclusions: although the coverage of the SISVAN-I has been low, the system has proved useful in revealing the severe nutritional situation among children in the DSEI-Yanomami and has signaled a need for intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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44. Suicídio em indigenas no Brasil: um problema de saúde pública oculto.
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de Souza, Maximiliano Loiola Ponte and Orellana, Jesem Douglas Yamall
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- 2012
- Full Text
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45. The rise in mortality due to intentional self-poisoning by medicines in Brazil between 2003 and 2022: relationship with regional and global crises.
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Souza MLP, Orellana JDY, Jesus FO, and Horta BL
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- Humans, Brazil epidemiology, Female, Male, Adult, Middle Aged, Adolescent, Child, Young Adult, Aged, Poisoning mortality, Drug Overdose mortality, Suicide statistics & numerical data, Suicide trends
- Abstract
In recent years, suicide rates in Brazil have increased, but little is known about the temporal behavior and characteristics of suicides due to intentional self-poisoning by medicines. The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of sociodemographic characteristics and place of death related to suicide due to intentional self-poisoning by medicines, to evaluate the trend of mortality rates in Brazil between 2003 and 2022, and its relationship with regional and global crises. Ecological time series study with data from the Mortality Information System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, related to individuals aged 10 years and over, who committed suicides due to intentional drug overdose, in the period from 2003 to 2022. The analyses were performed in the R environment in RStudio. Between 2003 and 2022, there was a predominance of deaths in women (55.5%), individuals aged 30-49 years (47.2%), of White race/color (53.2%), occurring in health facilities (67.0%), using drugs or unspecified substances (40.4%); a higher concentration in the southern region (22.8%) and a positive trend in mortality rates due to intentional drug overdose, especially from 2016 onwards. A rise of 264% was observed in the comparison of 2022 and 2003. A peculiar sociodemographic profile was observed in the victims of intentional self-poisoning by medicines and a positive temporal trend in mortality rates, especially in a period marked by regional and global crises., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Souza, Orellana, Jesus and Horta.)
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- 2024
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46. [COVID-19 mortality in Brazil in different age groups: differentials between extreme rates in 2021 and 2022].
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Orellana JDY, Marrero L, and Horta BL
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- Adolescent, Brazil epidemiology, COVID-19 Vaccines, Child, Humans, Middle Aged, Mortality, COVID-19, Influenza Vaccines, Influenza, Human
- Abstract
This ecological study evaluated the trajectory of COVID-19 mortality rates in Brazil and compared the extreme rates of 2022 and 2021, in different age groups. Data on deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome by COVID-19 were obtained from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Deaths were evaluated from January 10, 2021 to February 12, 2022, grouped into Epidemiological Weeks (EW). Data analysis was conducted in the R software, using Poisson models to estimate mortality rates. Statistical significance level was set at 5%. A total of 408,180 deaths were evaluated, 0.34% of whom were under 18 years old, and 64.6% of whom were 60 years old and over. On the one hand, in the 0-1, 2-4 and 5-11 age groups, higher mortality rates were observed in EW 4-6/2022, compared to the higher ones in 2021. On the other, in the 12-17 age group, a lower rate was estimated in the EW 4-6/2022 group compared to the EW 11-13 group in 2021, with a mortality ratio of 0.60 (95%CI: 0.38-0.94). Opposing patterns were detected in COVID-19 mortality in Brazil among children and individuals included in the national vaccination campaign. Among the former, mortality rates equal to or worse than in previous phases of the epidemic were observed, contrasting with the consistent and strong decline registered in the latter, reinforcing the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.
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- 2022
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47. [Changes in the pattern of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths after substantial vaccination of the elderly in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil].
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Orellana JDY, Cunha GMD, Marrero L, Leite IDC, Domingues CMAS, and Horta BL
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- Aged, Brazil epidemiology, COVID-19 Vaccines, Hospitalization, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination, COVID-19 prevention & control, Vaccines
- Abstract
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination in the elderly has received relatively little attention, particularly in a scenario predominated by the gamma variant. The aim of this study was to assess vaccination coverage and its relationship to changes in the pattern of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths in the elderly in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil. This was an ecological study with Brazilian Ministry of Health data on hospitalizations and deaths, assessing vaccination coverage based on a two-dose regimen, in addition to two vaccination regimens associated with a significant protective effect, one partial (35 days or more after the first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine) and the other complete (14 days or more after the second dose of the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine). Based on the date of initial symptoms, patterns of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths were assessed comparatively in elderly 60-69 years and 70 years or more in two groups of Epidemiological Weeks (EW) in 2020 (unvaccinated) and 2021 (vaccinated). Hospitalization and death rates were estimated with Poisson regression. In the groups 60-69 and 70 years or more, vaccination coverage rates were 41.8% and 54.8%, as well as 53.5% and 90.1%, in the EW groups 18-20/2021 and 21-23/2021, respectively. Both EW groups in 2021 showed a substantial change in the patterns of COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths, with an increase in the risk of hospitalization and death in unvaccinated younger individuals and an important reduction in vaccinated elderly, especially those 60-69 years of age, besides overall reductions of 62% (95%CI: 52-69) and 63% (95%CI: 43-75) in hospitalization and death rates, respectively. Our results emphasize the importance of mass vaccination, especially during an epidemic such as in Manaus, marked by high circulation of the gamma variant.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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48. In-hospital case fatality ratio due to COVID-19 in four Brazilian state capitals and its possible temporal relationship with the Gamma variant, 2020-2021.
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Orellana JDY, Marrero L, and Horta BL
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- Brazil epidemiology, Hospitals, Humans, Middle Aged, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
- Abstract
Objective: To describe in-hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) case fatality ratios due to COVID-19 in four Brazilian state capitals, during the months of epidemic peaks and previous months., Methods: This was an ecological study using monthly data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, between 2020-2021, in individuals aged 20 years or older. Case fatality ratio and mortality rate were estimated with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)., Results: In Manaus, the capital city of the state of Amazonas, ICU case fatality ratio among those >59 years old was lower in December/2020 (80.9%; 95%CI 78.4;83.3) and during the peak in January/2021 (79.9%; 95%CI 77.4;82.5), compared to the peak in April/2020 (88.2%; 95%CI 86.1;90.3). In São Paulo, the capital city of the state of São Paulo, Curitiba, the capital city of the state of Paraná, and Porto Alegre, the capital city of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, there was a decrease or stability in ICU and in-hospital case fatality ratio in January/2021, compared to the reference month in 2020., Conclusion: In January/2021, in-hospital and ICU case fatality ratios decreased or remained stable in the four state capitals, especially in Manaus, and during the epidemic peak with the prevalence of the Gamma variant.
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- 2021
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49. [Excess deaths from respiratory causes in eight Brazilian metropolises during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic].
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Orellana JDY, Marrero L, and Horta BL
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- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Cities, Humans, Male, Mortality, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics
- Abstract
In Brazil, one of the countries most heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality data fail to reflect the real number of deaths from the disease. The study aimed to estimate excess deaths from respiratory causes and their trends during the first six month of the COVID-19 epidemic in adults 20 years or older in eight regional metropolises in Brazil. In this ecological study, deaths from respiratory causes (influenza, pneumonias, bronchitis, other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, acute or chronic respiratory failure, respiratory failure or respiratory disorder not otherwise specified, and other deaths coded with respiratory symptoms) were extracted from the Mortality Information System. Expected deaths were estimated with quasi-Poisson generalized additive models. From February 23 to August 8, 2020, 46,028 deaths from respiratory causes were recorded in the eight cities, with an excess of 312% (95%CI: 304-321). Manaus (Amazonas State), presented the highest excess, with 758% (95%CI: 668-858) and São Paulo the lowest, with 174% (95%CI: 164-183). Early excess mortality was detected in Epidemiological Weeks (EW) 9-12 in Belém (Pará State), Fortaleza (Ceará State), and São Paulo. In general, excess mortality was relatively higher in the 40-59-year age bracket and in men. Excess mortality was regionally heterogeneous, with 2,463% (95%CI: 1,881-3,281) in EW 17-20 in Manaus (North Region) and 808% (95%CI: 612-1,059) in EW 28-32 in Curitiba (Paraná State, South Region). The high and heterogeneous percentage of excess respiratory deaths suggests high underreporting of COVID-19 deaths, which highlights regional inequalities and the need for revision of deaths associated with respiratory symptoms.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. [Excess deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: underreporting and regional inequalities in Brazil].
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Orellana JDY, Cunha GMD, Marrero L, Moreira RI, Leite IDC, and Horta BL
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Humans, Male, Registries, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics
- Abstract
Brazil is one of the most heavily impacted countries by the COVID-19 pandemic, and the real number of deaths from the disease makes the scenario even more challenging. This study aimed to estimate the excess deaths and their differences in adults 20 years and older in Manaus (Amazonas State), Fortaleza (Ceará State), Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, according to place of death, demographic characteristics, and trajectory over time. The data were obtained from the Mortality Information System and the Central Information Office of the National Civil Registry. The estimates of expected deaths were obtained from quasi-Poisson generalized additive models, adjusting for overdispersion. From February 23 to June 13, 2020, 74,410 natural deaths were recorded in the four cities, with 46% excess deaths (95%CI: 44-47). The largest amount of excess deaths was in Manaus, with 112% (95%CI: 103-121), followed by Fortaleza with 72% (95%CI: 67-78), Rio de Janeiro with 42% (95%CI: 40-45), and São Paulo with 34% (95%CI: 32-36). Excess deaths were greater in males and non-significant in Epidemiologic Weeks (EW) 9-12, except in São Paulo, 10% (95%CI: 6-14). The peak in excess deaths generally occurred in EW 17-20. The number of excess deaths not explained directly by COVID-19 and deaths at home or on public byways is high, especially in Manaus. The high percentages of excess deaths, deaths not explained directly by COVID-19, and deaths outside the hospital suggest high underreporting of deaths from COVID-19 and reinforce the extensive spread of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the need for epidemiological surveillance services to review all causes of deaths associated with respiratory symptoms.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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