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It is a common view among philosophers of science that theoretical virtues (also known as epistemic or cognitive values), such as simplicity and consistency, play an important role in scientific practice. In this paper, I set out to study the role that theoretical virtues play in scientific practice empirically. I apply the methods of data science, such as text mining and corpus analysis, to study large corpora of scientific texts in order to uncover patterns of usage. These patterns of usage, in turn, might shed some light on the role that theoretical virtues play in scientific practice. Overall, the results of this empirical study suggest that scientists invoke theoretical virtues explicitly, albeit rather infrequently, when they talk about models (less than 30%), theories (less than 20%), and hypotheses (less than 15%) in their published works. To the extent that they are mentioned in scientific publications, the results of this study suggest that accuracy, consistency, and simplicity are the theoretical virtues that scientists invoke more frequently than the other theoretical virtues tested in this study. Interestingly, however, depending on whether they talk about hypotheses, theories, or models, scientists may invoke one of those theoretical virtues more than the others.

In every order or monastic congregation a group of ‘favourite’ saints can be selected. The reasons differ. Most often the foremost place goes to the congregation’s founder or founders. It should be emphasized that in a number of orders, monastic congregations, monasteries, or abbeys the cult is given to benefactors and founders not formally canonized by the Church. The other group of saints venerated with a particular cult in congregations are those recognised as patrons or protectors of their congregations and saints and beatified coming from the ranks of their order. In the history of the Congregation o f the Sisters o f Saint Felix o f Cantalice Third Order Regular o f Saint Francis o f Assisi we can clearly see the care of the cult of a number of saints and beatified who in a distinctive way affected the Congregation’s spirituality and activity. First the founders of the Congregation, Blessed Honorat Koźminski (1826-1916) and Blessed Mother Angela Truszkowska (1825— 1899), should be mentioned. From the beginning of its existence the Congregation was deeply rooted in Franciscan spirituality. The Congregation was established after approval by sisters of the Tertiary Order of Saint Francis of Assisi. It should not come as a surprise that in monasteries of the Felician Sisters the cult of Saint Francis of Assisi (1181-1226) and also of Saint Clare (1194-1253) was cherished with great popularity. The Saint to whom the Felician Sisters owe their name is Saint Felix of Cantalice (1515-1587), while in a special way the Congregation was entrusted to the care of Saint Joseph and Immaculate Heart of Mary.

Artykuł omawia początki Zakonu Trójcy Świętej i jego regułę. Zakon powstał osiem wieków temu, zaś jego założycielem był św. Juan de Matha.

The seven editions of Geography and Geographers and of Political Geography form two intimidating collections creating order in their (sub)disciplines. As successive editions engage with an exponentially growing and diversifying scholarly literature they have adopted different strategies to order ‘work in progress’. This commentary also considers their ordering and bordering of the (sub) discipline, epistemologically but also linguistically, foregrounding the predicament of their readership at the non-Anglophone borderlands of Anglo-American (political) geography.

In response to the crises of rebellion and invasion during the years 1837–42, Indigenous warriors in Upper Canada took up arms on an extensive scale. This mobilization was not the result of reactionary loyalism. Rather, like other actors of the period, First Nations communities participated in the upheavals of the Rebellion in order to further their own vision of what constituted a desirable political order within the province. By 1837, First Nations communities in Upper Canada were beset with settler violence, theft, and squatting, and successive imperial administrators had shown themselves to be unwilling or unable to fulfill their obligations to protect Indigenous property or maintain crucial diplomatic practices. First Nations themselves, however, had a clear vision of the proper Indigenous-Imperial relationship, developed over generations of diplomacy and preserved in numerous treaties, belts, speeches, petitions, and councils. It was in support of this established framework that the warriors took up arms. With their military clout suddenly amplified by the insurrectionary crisis, Indigenous leaders across the province made clear that their assistance against the Patriot threat was contingent upon the maintenance of their recognized rights and privileges in the political order of post-Rebellion Canada. While these efforts initially produced significant results, the growth of the settler state in the period following the Rebellion soon led to the decisive dismantling of this long-standing Indigenous-Imperial framework.

For the past 30years, the Afro-Brazilian religions have crossed the Atlantic, reaching Portugal. One of the aspects that the Portuguese find most appealing is the possibility of expressing their emotions freely, either through possession and the incorporation of entities whose performances are directly connected with a sense of emotional freedom, or because these religions proclaim a clear openness and acceptance of different races, sexual preferences or even other religious beliefs. Nevertheless, the process of becoming initiated as well as the ritual sequences are both strongly hierarchical, obeying norms that should not be transgressed in order to advance in one’s religious career. Split between such contradictory emotions, individuals manage them as a means to negotiate their identities within the religious group and outside of it (Wulff 2007). I will expand on the issues of emotional behavior, performance, and authenticity, connecting them with the case-study of the expansion of the Afro-Brazilian religions in Portugal. In order to do this, the performative side (Beeman 2007; Schechner and Appel 1990) of these religions and the relationship between emotions and issues of authenticity – anchored on the seminal work compiled by Thomas Fillitz and Jamie Saris in the bookDebating Authenticity(2013) – will be discussed., Nos últimos 30 anos, as religiões afro-brasileiras cruzaram o Atlântico, chegando a Portugal. Um dos aspetos que os portugueses consideram mais apelativos é a possibilidade de expressar livremente as suas emoções, quer através da posse e incorporação de entidades cujas atuações estão diretamente ligadas a um sentimento de liberdade emocional, quer porque estas religiões proclamam uma clara abertura e aceitação de diferentes raças, preferências sexuais ou mesmo outras crenças religiosas. No entanto, tanto o processo de iniciação como as sequências rituais são fortemente hierárquicas, obedecendo a normas que não devem ser transgredidas para avançar na carreira religiosa. Divididos entre essas emoções contraditórias, as pessoas gerem-nas como um meio de negociar as suas identidades dentro do grupo religioso e fora dele (Wulff 2007). Discutem-se aqui questões de comportamento emocional,performancee autenticidade, relacionando-as com o estudo de caso da expansão das religiões afro-brasileiras em Portugal. Para fazer isso, o lado performativo (Beeman 2007; Schechner e Appel 1990) dessas religiões e a relação entre emoções e questões de autenticidade – ancorada no trabalho seminal compilado por Thomas Fillitz e Jamie Saris no livroDebating Authenticity(2013) – será igualmente analisada.

Concepts and terminology are our tools and habitual mode for thinking about the world, forming groups and group identities and thereby also acting politically. Thus, a system of order is established and stabilised which, alongside its factual significance in economics and politics, is furthermore reflected in the order of discourse (Foucault 1970 1974 Hayer), above all by means of exclusion mechanisms.

This article addresses Schmitt’s concept of sovereign dictatorship—a departure from the normal legal order aiming to bring about a new mode of legality—as applied to the Marxist, and then Soviet, “dictatorship of the proletariat.” Unlike Schmitt, Marx and Engels, as well as Soviet legal theorists, saw the space for law even while aiming to dispense with the legal form on the road to communism. This is best explained by Schmitt’s failure to recognize the importance of legal systems not only for controlling social conflict, but also for coordination, the need for which does not disappear in extraordinary circumstances. *This article was initially written as part of my LLM studies at Harvard Law School. I thank my supervisor, Professor Adrian Vermeule, for his guidance and advice, as well as other friends (and enemies) for motivating my project. I am also grateful to the Ratio Juris production team for their exceptionally thorough editing of my original text. Any mistakes remain my own.

The religious houses founded in the eleventh and twelfth centuries frequently experienced difficulties in their early years. It is the purpose of this chapter to look at the nature of these difficulties and to propose a tentative typology of their nature and causes. Before doing so, however, attention should be drawn to some historiographical problems both in the sources and in secondary works. Most contemporary accounts of the reform of old houses and the foundation of new ones were written from the point of view of reformers, who in order to justify the changes described the conditions in old houses in the blackest terms. The difficulties can be considered under three headings. Almost all medieval monasteries suffered from difficulties which can be seen as part of the endemic fragility, as it were, of religious communities. Keywords: eleventh century; religious communities; twelfth century

Stylistics has long claimed to be an empirical method of literary analysis. One aspect of this empiricism is stylistics’ commitment to studying the effect of texts on readers. Short (1996, p. 6) emphasises the reader-centred nature of stylistics, stating that researchers in the fi eld are ‘profoundly interested in the rules and procedures which we, as readers, intuitively know and apply in order to understand what we read’. In reality, however, stylisticians have tended to focus more on textual analysis than on the reader (Hall 2009, p. 331; see also Allington and Swann 2009), and generally the ‘reader’ has remained a theoretical construct, similar to the ideal reader in much literary reader-response criticism (see Culler 2002, Iser 1978, Fish 1980). However, there is a growing body of research within stylistics that is centrally interested in considering how readers fi nd meaning in literary texts and testing whether the assumptions and frameworks of stylistic analysis are supported by evidence from real readers.

El presente trabajo rastrea las preocupaciones que animaron la nueva ola de estudios sobre al populismo en el caso argentino, más próximas al debate alrededor de la construcción de un nuevo orden institucional propio de los años 80 que a la caracterización de la proliferación de gobiernos de corte popular en la Sudamérica del nuevo siglo. Se explican las características y los inconvenientes propios de estos estudios y se desarrolla una exposición de los rasgos definitorios de las experiencias populistas argentinas del siglo XX, realizando comparaciones con otros procesos populistas de la región. Finalmente se abordan las persistencias y las transformaciones de aquellos rasgos en el nuevo orden político instaurado a partir de 1983. This paper examines the concerns which have led to the new wave of studies on populism in Argentina, focusing more on the debate surrounding the establishment of a new institutional framework typical of the 1980s than on the proliferation of 21st-century popular governments in South America. The typical characteristics and problems encountered in these studies are explained, and the defining features of the populist experience in 20th-century Argentina are analyzed by drawing comparisons with other populist processes in the region. Finally, the paper analyzes how certain features persist in the new political order, while others have gone through complete transformations since it was established in 1983. O presente trabalho indaga sobre as preocupações que animaram a nova onda de estudos sobre o populismo no caso argentino, mais próximas ao debate ao redor da construção de uma nova ordem institucional própria dos anos oitenta que à caracterização da proliferação de governos de corte popular na América do Sul do novo século. Explicamse as características e os inconvenientes próprios desses estudos e desenvolve-se uma exposição dos traços definitivos das experiências populistas argentinas do século XX, ao realizar comparações com outros processos populistas da região. Finalmente, abordam-se as persistências e as transformações daqueles traços na nova ordem política instaurada a partir de 1983. Fil: Aboy Carles, Gerardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina

Guillain-Barre Syndrome, (GBS), is a popular eponym that comes from a paper written in 1916 by Doctors. Guillain, Barre, and Strohl. Its spectrum has been enlarged considerably since the first description of it. Jean Alexandre Barre was a French neurologist, whose name is still widely associated with that of Georges Guillain, (1876-1961). He is also known for the leg manoeuvre. As Joseph Babinski's brilliant student, (1857-1932), we wanted to briefly retrace his biography in order to highlight some of the salient points within it and subjects that are topical for young neurologists today.

The objective of this article is to analyze the social, political and cultural changes that the city of Berlin has undergone during recent history. The analysis has focused on the city’s multiple facets as a historical phenomenon, analyzing the social-historic situation through several literary works that have been fundamental in order to understand the cultural evolution of Berlin since the beginning of the 20 th century through the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Although Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881–1955) was thoroughly trained in philosophy and theology, he was first and foremost a paleoanthropologist, directly involved in the discovery of Homo erectus pekinensis (“Sinanthropus”) in China in the 1920s and 1930s. He came from a Catholic aristocratic background, was ordained a priest in 1911, survived World War I (as a stretcher-bearer, distinguished with the Legion of Honour), joined the Jesuit Order, conducted paleoanthropological field work during the interbellum, and became entangled in a conflict with his Jesuit superiors (over pantheism and the concept of original sin) until his death in New York (in exile more or less). When his writings were published (shortly after his death, as his superiors forbade publication during his lifetime), he quickly became an intellectual celebrity. Currently, he is credited with having anticipated Gaia theory (King, 2006), the global village concept (McLuhan, 1962), the Internet (Barlow, 1992; Cobb, 1998), the WWW (Garreau, 2005, p. 256; Greenfield, 2014, p. 9), transhumanism (Delio, 2014; Steinhart, 2008), the “global brain” (Stock, 1993), and the Anthropocene (e.g. Crutzen, 2002; Steffen et al., 2011).

In this article the development of the thought of two important twentieth-century legal theorists is compared. Although Hans Kelsen is primarily known for his Pure theory of law and Hermann Kantorowicz is one of the founders of the Free law movement, the article will revolve around their respective proposals for the post-War restoration of the international legal order. It is argued that these are based on their respective conceptions of ‘law’ and ‘the state’. By virtue of this comparison, it is possible to shed light on the basic thinking behind their complex ideas, as well as show how these were formulated and influenced by the political circumstances of their times. Lastly, the article shall concern the concrete post-War influence of Kantorowicz and Kelsen, as a result of the shared and different philosophical, methodological and scientific convictions of both scholars.

This thesis is an applied project undertaken to process celebrity portraits by Edward Steichen that were gifted to George Eastman House by Steichen's widow, Joanna Steichen, in 2002. These photographs were made for Condé Nast Publications between 1923 and 1937. This thesis discusses processing donations of photographic materials, identifying acetate and nitrate negatives, handling gelatin silver contact prints, and rehousing procedures based on institutional-specific collections management policies. The analytical paper portion discusses processing methods, proposes future processing procedures, and addresses the relationship between the contact prints and printed images in Vanity Fair magazine in order to highlight the importance of creating relationships between objects in museum collections.

This paper examines the astonishing parallels in the depictions of childhood experience in the works of Polish writer Bruno Schulz and German philosopher Theodor W. Adorno, which so far have not received any attention in research. For both authors, the experience of the child−be it autobiographically remembered as in Adorno, or fantastically transformed as in Schulz−bears the characteristics of transcendental experience manifest in everyday life. As similar as the childhood images and scenes in Schulz and Adorno might be, their significance points in two different directions. While for Schulz, the experience of the child leads back to an original meaning of things and thus to myth, for Adorno, it points to the conditions of a new order and thus to utopia.

The Qur'an is not a text of science, although in general scientific facts (phenomena of nature) are mentioned in it. It's just that in the era of the revelation of the Qur'an 17th century, the development of science is not like today. Hence the contemporary Muslim intellectuals to prove over the miracle of the Qur'an that actually contain the philosophy of knowledge that is very influential in the development of modern science. Various approaches have been used in order to give new meaning to the text of the Qur'an is static-limited with scientific approaches that are active-dynamic. One of them with hermeneutics to reread and reinterpret the text of the Qur’an to revive the text of the Qur'an itself.

This paper examines the role of filial piety in East Asian Confucian societies as a means of drawing out political implications by showing two different standpoints elaborated by Gadamer and Habermas. The two thinkers seem to display different outlooks on the notion of filial piety in the East Asian Confucian culture: Whereas Gadamer appears to approve the practice of filial piety as keeping tradition in the specific societies, i.e., Confucian East Asian culture, Habermas rejects it by refusing the concept of tradition. The debate primarily originates from two different—though both “Western”—philosophical traditions. Gadamer endorses tradition since all human beings are conditioned by the effects of cultural heritage, and events can never be disinterested. All previous contexts of human culture enter into the greater tradition that is transmitted to us through the generations as an inexhaustible stock of moral instruction. On the other hand, in his critique of Gadamer’s appropriation of tradition, Habermas argues that human beings can overcome the dogmatic force of tradition. In Habermas’s account, it is of significant importance to use reason—or critical reflection—in order to overcome such dogmatic force. In short, this paper appropriates Habermas’s charge that Gadamer hypostatizes tradition. In other words, Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics embeds understanding in tradition because all understanding is necessarily prejudiced. Habermas rejects Gadamer’s idea of tradition on the ground that it is absolutizing.

Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri (1935-2010) is one of the significant philosophical and scientific figures who left their strong and broad imprint in various fields of contemporary Arab culture. Al-Jabri created his philosophy towards various aspects of Arab history. This included philosophy, theology, politics, ethics, and other aspects. His philosophical works culminated in his famous book on "The Arab Mind," in which he dealt with "The Structure of the Arab Mind" and supplemented it with his famous book - "Critique of the Arab Mind." The article's primary task is limited to addressing the intellectual path of Al-Jabri by tracing what he wrote and the content of these works. Besides, in this article, what Al-Jabri wrote is arranged in chronological order in order to clarify the features of the general and particular course of his philosophical creativity. It is a necessary task for scientific research in his philosophy. It provides the reader and researcher with the complete basic set of his books.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the power in post-Soviet Russia was seized by the leaders of the democratic movement - first wave democrats, and the more progressive Soviet nomenclature. As a result of the miscalculations made by the leaders of the democratic movement, the representatives of the Soviet nomenclature soon started displacing the first wave democrats and the reformers of the Gaidar call from the Russian governmental bodies in order to gain full control over the governance in the country. This appeared to be a manifestation of the more general and fundamental process, where the Russian nomenclature separated from the democratic movement, emerging as a new ruling stratum - the immediate heir to the Soviet nomenclature. The turning point, which accelerated the separation and the retreat of the Russian nomenclature from liberal and democratic principles of the countrys modernization, was the beginning of the Chechen tragedy in 1994. Not only did the Chechen events separate the Russian nomenclature and the democratic movement but also split the democratic movement itself. The goal of the article is to examine the transformation of the relationship between the democratic movement and the soviet and, later on, Russian nomenclature during the revolutionary changes of the early 1990s.

The work is devoted to the epistemological analysis of the formation of the idea of mentality in modern humanitarian knowledge. The sources, approaches and main directions in the understanding of mentality in the science of the 20-21st centuries are considered. The idea is being developed that the dynamic path of teaching about mentality in modern culture can be presented as an ascent from polydisciplinarity in the study of mentality to the creation of mentology as an integrative discipline. The idea is that in order to understand the processes of the formation of the idea of mentality in humanitarian knowledge, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to the immanent perspective of the presentation of this topic as part of individual disciplines, also the general context of the formation of humanitarian knowledge. The question of the heuristic value of ideas and principles of doctrines about integrity for the development of integrative concepts of mentality is discussed. It is suggested that the “anthropology of wholeness” can be chosen as an ontological basis for the development of mentology, and “philosophy of wholeness” in its various versions, based on the principles of holism, and particularly - on the principle of all-encompassing unity, can be chosen as a methodological tool for constructing this discipline.

A study of the currently existing translations of Anton Chekhovs Sakhalin Island (From Travel Notes) (Luba and Michael Terpak - 1967, Brian Reeve - 1993) shows that the reason for some errors in translated texts is not always due to the negligence of translators, which is so clearly noticeable in the first translation, but rather in the incomprehensibi- lity for foreigners of some realia in the original text. Reference to two available Сommentaries on Sakhalin Island, by M.L. Semanova (1985) and M.S. Vysokov (2010), as well as to the works of other Chekhov scholars, did not give the sought-after explanations of certain vague excerpts from the book. Those obscure excerpts are also poorly understood by the Russian readership. In particular, we are talking about Chekhovs mention of the use of a naval rope in the surgical department (Chapter VII) and the perception of the status of a class feldscher/paramedic (Chapter XII). The author of the article offers her own commentary on difficult-to-understand passages and thus fills the gap that has arisen. Conclusions are drawn about the need to continue to provide Chekhovs Sakhalin Island with commentaries and notes. Such commentary should serve two purposes. Its linguistic and cultural character should help to clarify the realias not only for representatives of a foreign linguistic culture - in order to prevent gross errors in translations, but also for the present-day Russian reader, separated from the time when A.P. Chekhovs book was written by almost one hundred and thirty years.

The Book of Historical Documents (Shu jing) is an ancient Chinese written monument, a collection of addresses of the ruler to the subjects and of the subjects to the rulers. The philosophical meaning of Shu jing is that it mentions or refers to the issues of a broad ideological order. These brief references either gave life to philosophical ideas, or later, after appropriate interpretation, were used by the philosophers to authoritatively confirm their thoughts. The first complete Russian translation of Shu jing was done by Archimandrite Daniil (Dmitriy Petrovich Sivillov, 1789-1871) in the early 40s of the 19th century. The translation was undertaken, first and primarily, as a teaching material assigned to students of the Chinese Language Cathedra at the Kazan Imperial University. This cathedra was first one established in Russia and the second one in Europe. Archimandrite Daniel was its first head in 1837-1844. Unfortunately, the translator have never had a chance to publish his work. Sivillov for the first time in Russian and European Sinology used a purely Chinese commented edition of The Book . The canonical text used by Sivillov and later his followers was considered and understood through the prism of modern Neoconfucianism, which, in comparison with ancient and early medieval Confucianism, reinterpreted and significantly enriched the philosophical meaning of the Shu jing . In some points of understanding of the Neoconfucian interpretation of the ancient text, Archimandrite Daniil was not only ahead of, but also more successful than his later colleagues. The text of the previously unpublished Shu jing Chapter III Da Yu mo Russian translation by archimandrite Daniil is attached.

The Arab Caliphate was famous for its highly developed book culture and the fact that it turned the Arabic language into the international language of communication, science and art throughout the Arab-Muslim East. During the reign of the Abbasid dynasty, the Arab-Muslim civilization is experiencing the peak of its heyday and power. Under the Abbasids, Baghdad became not only the political, but also the cultural capital of the Caliphate. The famous House of Wisdom opens in Baghdad, where a large-scale translation activity has been carried out for centuries. The Abbasids achieved amazing success because they were able to absorb the rich cultural traditions of the peoples they conquered. At the same time, they pursued their own political goals - the strengthening and development of the Arab Caliphate. The Abbasids were not pioneers in translation, they skillfully used and developed the pre-Islamic developments of the Iranians in this area. It is important to study the reasons why the Arab Caliphate at one time reached historical heights. This is necessary in order for the lessons of the past to serve the good of the present.

This paper aims to offer an understanding of the body as an archive while analysing poems written by queer and non-binary poet and performer Danez Smith. Seen as a conflicting field for power and control disputes, the archive can be read in different ways and this paper approaches it in order to theorise what a queer archival practice may signal when elements such as gender, sexuality and desire are interrogated in Smith’s poems. Taking into consideration theoretical contributions from Celia Pedrosa et al. (2018), Julietta Singh (2018), David Lapoujade (2017), Ann Cvetkovich (2003) and others, it is concluded that Smith’s poems display a complex negotiation of feeling and the world, allowing new meanings to erupt from the archive. RESUMO Este trabalho busca oferecer uma compreensão do corpo como um arquivo ao analisar poemas escritos por Danez Smith, poeta e performer queer não-binárie. Visto como um campo conflitante por disputas de poder e controle, o arquivo pode ser lido de diversas formas e este trabalho se aproxima dele para teorizar o que práticas arquivistas queer podem sinalizar quando elementos como gênero, sexualidade e desejo são interrogadas nos poemas de Smith. Considerando as contribuições teóricas de Celia Pedrosa et al. (2018), Julietta Singh (2018) David Lapoujade (2017), Ann Cvetkovich (2003) e outros, pode-se concluir que os poemas de Smith exibem uma complexa negociação entre sentimentos e o mundo, permitindo que novos sentidos irrompam do arquivo.

In their studies of culture and society, many if not most scholars from the social sciences and humanities aspire to a critical approach. Recently, this practice of academic critique has become an object of study in its own right. Contributing to this “critique of critique,” I propose ideas for a linguistic anthropology of critique. I suggest mobilizing the concept of text trajectory from the toolbox of critical ethnographies of language and deploying it to investigate the trajectories of those critical texts that social and cultural sciences produce. It then becomes clear that critique is not merely a certain genre of text, but is, rather, a specific manner in which texts become embedded in affective dynamics in trajectories of recontextualizations-in-performance. To capture this complex process, I introduce the concept of affective text trajectory. Based on ethnographic fieldwork on the role of language and affect at International Criminal Court proceedings in northern Uganda, this article describes the affective text trajectory of one of the author's blog posts. The author suggests that in order to assess the critical potential of a text, one should investigate how it becomes embedded in affective dynamics throughout its trajectory.

smr-Xt is the Horus name of an early Egyptian king. He was the 7th king of the 1st Dynasty (2930-2920 BC). He was the first Egyptian ruler with a fully developed Nebty name. Manetho called Semerkhet “Semempses” and credited him with a reign continued for 18 years. On the other hand, Turin Canon credited him with a long reign of 72 years. Nowadays, Egyptologists consider both opinions as kind of exaggerations and credited Semerkhet with a reign of 8 ½ years. The last opinion is based on the Cairo Stone Inscription, where the complete reign of Semerkhet has been recorded. Semerkhet is well documented in archeological records. His name was found on vessels made of schist, alabaster, marble and breccia. His name also appeared on ivory tags and jar seals. These various objects that bear Semerkhet’s name and titles came from Abydos and Saqqara. This research aims to study and analyze the reigning period of the king Semerkhet, to collect the representations of the king in order to understand his titles, and to spot the light on the king’s monuments and works. The research framework is an historical, artistic study for tracking the monumental works of king Semerkhet. The research is a combined study between both descriptive and analytical sides.

Background Critical evaluation of leadership styles through a historical lens is uncommon. There could be missed opportunity for current and emerging nurse leaders to critically evaluate the leadership styles of the past in order to discerningly reflect on their own current leadership. Aim To critically examine the work of Australian nurse Frances Gillam Holden as she developed her vision for servant leadership for nursing in Australia in the late 19th century. Methods Exploration of, and critical reflection on, literature outlining Frances Gillam Holden's work. Findings Holden's work and experience demonstrate the challenges faced by the profession's leaders at the turn of the century as they attempted to negotiate new ‘scientific’ knowledge and integrate this into nursing leadership. An examination of Holden's experience also demonstrates the difficulties faced by Australian nurse leaders during this time and consideration is given to what leadership in nursing looks like in the present day. Discussion Within the wealth of historical narratives, along with their complexities, the impact of this knowledge can have a demonstrated effect that can be far reaching and long lasting. This is particularly evident in regard to the role of nurses, nursing, and the development of modern approaches to nursing leadership, particularly with regard to the rise of nurse leaders in the form of ‘e-nurses’ and the use of social media to inform and lead the profession. Conclusion Understanding the influence and impact of nursing history, and historical nursing leaders such as Holden, on current leadership practices is being recognised more as contributing to contemporary nursing identity.

Idyllic romances such as Paris et Vienne, which exists in three different versions, explore the tensions created by depicting young lovers in conflict with their parents on the issue of whom they want to marry. Whilst the original version, as preserved in Paris, BnF fr. 1480, uses comedy in order to present the hero and heroine as tricksters whose flouting of parental authority evokes ambivalence in the reader, the Burgundian redaction (Brussels, KBR 9632/3) reduces this emphasis on the couple’s duplicitousness by ending the tale with a lengthy retrospective validation of Paris as chivalric hero and true aristocrat. By contrast, the shorter version of Paris et Vienne, which is extant in Paris, BnF fr. 20044, largely strips the narrative of its capacity to amuse and extracts from the tale an uncompromisingly serious message about the moral dilemmas and emotional anguish undergone by young lovers intent on pursuing their personal desires. Les romans idylliques, tels que celui de Paris et Vienne, qui existe en trois rédactions différentes, explorent les tensions créées lorsque deux jeunes amants s’opposent à la volonté de leurs familles en matière de mariage. Alors que la version originale (e.g. Paris, BnF fr. 1480) utilise l’humour afin de peindre les amants sous les traits de trompeurs, effet qui n’aurait pas manqué de susciter une certaine ambivalence chez le lecteur médiéval, la rédaction bourguignonne (Bruxelles, KBR 9632/3) essaie de modifier cette impression du couple en ajoutant à la fin du récit une longue justification rétrospective de la prouesse et de la noblesse du héros. En revanche, la version plus courte de l’histoire (Paris, BnF fr. 20044) élimine la plus grande partie de l’humour du texte original afin d’en tirer une leçon morale de portée plus sérieuse sur les angoisses subies par les amants en quête de leur propre destin affectif.

En este artículo proponemos una revisión crítica de algunas tesis del llamado “giro decolonial” y de la Epistemología del Sur propuesta por Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Exponemos, en primer lugar, las ideas rectoras de estos referentes, examinadas en su perspectiva geopolítica, ideológica y epistemológica. Nos detenemos seguidamente en algunas controversias que ya se han planteado en torno a estos paradigmas, entre ellas cuestionamientos a conceptos claves como los de “modernidad” y “colonialidad” y contradicciones que se advierten en torno a temas rectores como los de feminismos, subalternidad y lucha política. El eje articulador que orienta nuestra propia revisión crítica se ubica en el concepto de totalidad orgánica, bajo el supuesto que éste permite ubicar algunos límites que presentan muchas de estas tesis a la hora de ser consecuentes con las pretensiones emancipadoras que proclaman, tanto en el orden político como en el campo epistemológico., Neste artigo propomos uma revisão crítica de algumas teses da chamada "viragem descolonial" e da Epistemologia do Sul proposta por Sousa Santos. Primeiro, definimos as ideias orientadoras destas referências, examinadas na sua perspetiva geopolítica, ideológica e epistemológica. Paramos depois de algumas controvérsias que já foram levantadas em torno destes paradigmas, incluindo questões sobre conceitos-chave como a "modernidade" e a "colonialidade" e contradições que se notam em torno de questões orientadoras como o feminismo, a subalternidade e a luta política. O eixo articulador que orienta a nossa própria revisão crítica reside no conceito de totalidade orgânica, sob o pressuposto de que permite localizar alguns limites que apresentam muitas destas teses quando se trata de ser coerente com as afirmações emancipadoras que proclamam, tanto na ordem política como no campo epistemológico., In this article we propose a critical revision of some of the thesis of the so called ‘Decolonial Turn’ and the “Epistemology of the South” proposed by de Sousa Santos. We first set out the guiding ideas of these stances and examine their geopolitical, ideological, and epistemological aspects. We then address some controversies that have already been raised around these paradigms, among them objections raised against key concepts such as "modernity" and "coloniality", and contradictions that are noted around guiding topics such as feminism, subalternity and political struggle. The main axis that guides our own critical review lies in the concept of organic totality, under the assumption that the later allows to locate some limits many of these theses present when it comes to being consistent with the emancipating aims they proclaim, both in the political order and in the epistemological field., Facultad de Psicología

The present work proposes to discuss philosophical, sociological and epistemological aspects of the game, bringing the contributions of three theorists: Johan Huizinga, Roger Caillois and Gilles Brougere, with the objective of highlighting the contributions of the authors to the field of games, as well as emphasizing the particularities of pedagogical games to the detriment of the stricto game. In addition to the highlighted epistemological panorama, elements of Genetic Epistemology by Jean Piaget were approached, with the definition of educational games proposed by Cleophas, Cavalcanti and Soares (2018), in order to highlight the types of assimilations and equilibrations favored in each game (didactic game, educational game and informal educational game), as well as the characteristics of the games of rules, symbolic and exercises proposed by Piaget.

Aesthetic destruction was one of the many atrocities employed by colonialism to disrupt groups of people coming from Africa, but history shows a centralization of black aesthetics in the social movements of the Black community, such as afros and box braids. This work presents an exploratory research in order to understand whether the social values added to the cosmetic services provided by a black-owned beauty salon in Belo Horizonte contribute to the empowerment and emancipation of black people. The data were collected from regulars at Salao Ubuhle. Through the analysis of excerpts from these conversations with the applied values, it was possible to conclude that the social values implemented to the customer service policies and procedures can assist black people in their individual emancipation process.

La extensa literatura en conexión al libro de Daniel presenta como postura tradicional, la intencionalidad del rey en convertir a los jóvenes hebreos en vasallos reales. Sin embargo, el presente escrito busca ampliar la interpretación tradicional a una valoración de éste en el plano sacerdotal. La función del rey se convertía en un medio para controlar y monitorear cada aspecto religioso del reino. De esta forma se afirman las bases para esta última y posible forma interpretativa, o incluso para la fusión de ambas posiciones como un acto de formar oficiales aptos para el beneficio de la estructura de reino, ya sea a nivel político, civil y religioso.

Burawoy (1999), Eyal (2001), Berdahl (2006), Cervinkova (2012) and others have proposed the concept of „postsocialism” as a way of describing the gap between socialism and capitalism. But, in a world marked by “rearrangements, reconfigurations and recombinations that yield new interweavings of the multiple social logics” (Stark, & Bruszt, 1998) what does postsocialism entail? This article aims to provide an overview of the different perspectives regarding the meaning of postsocialism, by bringing together and examining ideas represented in the theoretical literature. Starting from the idea of reframing the understanding of the past, this analysis explores postsocialism, as a process, from four perspectives: imitation, involution, emergence or zombie socialism. The critique serves as a starting point for future directions in postsocialism conceptualisations, in order to better understand the present based on the past.

The concept of the present truth sets up the theological thought which is foundational for the Adventism and defines its message and mission. Despite of its great value, it has not received enough attention within the current Adventist theological circles, including its scopes and implications for the church. This article searches to clarify the meaning of the components of the present truth, its origin and historical development, and its basis on the biblical apocalyptic, in order to finally present its theological design. The article concludes that the theology of the present truth should have a considerable impact in the Adventist theological task and the mission of the church.

In this satudy the author discusses the concept of the Son of God which is applied to the person of Jesus Christ in the study of Apologetics. This topic is controversial because it often distors theological understanding as if the Christian faith teaches that God has biological children and this creates a theological misunderstanding. This sometimes understood by non-Christian.Therefore, the author will use the study of literature in research in order to explain the phenomenon under study.This study shows that the concept of the Son of God is not a concept that means the biological son of God. But the concept of the son of God is a concept that has meaning: first, Jesus is equal to God the Father. Second, Jesus Christ is the unique Son of God as well as having a personal relationship with the Father, so that it is the Son who reveals the entire existence of the Father. who has uniquely revealed the exixtence of the Father.

Este artículo describe de manera resumida como Dios desea que su pueblo se prepare para el tiempo de angustia, luego de que el tiempo de gracia se cierre. En este tiempo de angustia, el Espiritu Santo es quién guiará a la iglesia y no los pastores. Pero para recibir esta guía espiritual, Dios espera que sus hijos se preparen. De esta manera, se aborda este tema a partir de los escritos de Ellen G. White y serán presentados de manera sistematica a partir de un estudio documental de fuentes primarias. El contenido de sus escritos no será presentado una sucesión histórica de eventos futuros, porque muchos de estos eventos finales muchos de ellos sucederán de manera paralela.

This article turns to Hannah Arendt's Eichmann in Jerusalem in order to illustrate the difficulties involved in approaching the (formerly) metaphysical concept of evil as a secular phenomenon. It asks how the advocate of plurality, natality and forgiveness could also vouch for the death sentence of Eichmann based on a rhetoric of retribution and revenge. It then shows that Arendt's surprisingly consistent view of evil is based on a quasi-ontological understanding of the human condition that allowed her to negate Eichmann's humanity. Rather than simply unmasking a metaphysical account in disguise, however, the article develops an alternative perspective that emerges from the conversation between Arendt and Jaspers. It argues that Jaspers's interpretation of Kant offers a way to defend the idea of secular evil and judge Eichmann on the basis of his thoughtlessness.

Los dos conflictos mundiales que protagonizan la primera mitad del siglo XX provocan un movimiento de renovación humanista en busca de nuevos valores para el hombre contemporáneo. Entre las muchas propuestas que surgen, la de la obra y el pensamiento del escritor francés Vercors, especialmente marcado por la Segunda Guerra mundial. En este artículo, trataremos de identificar y analizar las particularidades del nacimiento de la propuesta vercoriana en el contexto francés de la guerra y de la inmediata posguerra. Las primeras obras de ficción del autor se construyen a partir de un diálogo directo con la realidad contemporánea, escritos de los que surgen diferentes interrogantes sobre la condición humana a los que Vercors tratará de responder en sus ensayos de corte ético-filosófico. Para ello, proponemos un estudio detallado de algunas de estas producciones con el fin de crear un espacio de convergencia entre las identidades ética y estética que caracterizan las primeras publicaciones del autor. The two World Wars brought a trend of humanist revival in search of new values for con-temporary man. Among others, the Second World War particularly left its mark on the work and thought of the French writer Vercors. In this article, we will try to identify and analyse the particularities of the birth of Vercors’ works in the French context of the war and post-war periods. Based on contemporary realities, his first fictions raised questions about the human condition, which Vercors tried to answer in his ethical-philosophical es-says. We propose a detailed study of some of these texts in order to create a space of con-vergence between the ethical and aesthetic identities that characterise the author’s early publications. Les deux conflits mondiaux de la première moitié du XXe siècle provoquent un renouveau de la pensée humaniste contemporaine. Parmi les nombreuses propositions qui surgissent, l'œuvre et la pensée de l'écrivain français Vercors, particulièrement marqué par la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Dans cet article, nous tenterons d'identifier et d'analyser les particularités de la naissance de la proposition vercorienne dans le contexte français de la guerre et de l'immédiat après-guerre. Les premières œuvres de fiction de l'auteur sont construites sur la base d'un dialogue direct avec la réalité contemporaine, des écrits d'où émergent différentes questions sur la condition humaine, auxquelles Vercors tentera de répondre dans ses essais éthico-philosophiques. Nous proposons une étude détaillée de certaines de ces productions afin de créer un espace de convergence entre les identités éthiques et esthétiques qui caractérisent les premières publications de l'auteur.

This article evaluates the initial readiness, content engagement, and ensuing response of the listeners in each of Peter’s five speeches in Acts as presented from Luke’s perspective in order to examine the role of the audience in relation to the speeches. Are the Lukan Peter’s speeches shaped and influenced by the narrative audience involved? If so, in what ways and to what extent? We will observe in the five speeches whether the audience within each Lukan frame is presented as Jew or Gentile, crowd or an authoritative figure, receptive or hostile and whether Peter’s speech content manifests a particular rhetorical fit with the depicted audience. Based on these findings from Peter’s speeches, we conclude by considering some applications for preaching to audiences in Asia.

O objetivo do estudo é mostrar a viagem externa e interna de Gustav Aschenbach, um escritor alemão, viúvo, famoso e rico, protagonista de A morte em Veneza, de Thomas Mann, o qual vivenciou e ficcionalizou na novela, a epidemia do cólera, ocorrida na Itália, em 1911. Com partida de Munique, o autor segue até Veneza, a fim de descansar durante o verão. Hospedado no Grande Hotel dos Banhos, ele desenvolve um amor platônico pelo ideal da juventude e da beleza, personificada por Tadeus (Tadzio), que tinha 14 aos de idade. A análise da paisagem física e abstrata de Veneza, imersa na rápida propagação de uma enfermidade letal, que, inicialmente, foi ocultada dos turistas e atingiu mortalmente Aschenbach, será baseada nos conceitos de ‘lugar concreto’ e de ‘espaço abstrato’, de Tuan.

Os museus comemorativos têm a possibilidade de representar e reescrever a história. Apesar de qualquer museu ter o poder de tornar uma história visível e de estabelecer a sua interpretação, o tratamento de histórias globais dentro de um sistema orientado pelo Ocidente está sempre a prevalecer. Actualmente, movimentos de reconhecimento da identidade das minorias sociais e étnicas estão a florescer em todo o mundo: comunidades outrora marginalizadas e silenciadas apelam agora a uma análise mais profunda da construção da identidade, questionando e reescrevendo a sua história. Como estudo de caso do meu doutoramento, trouxe o Museu Internacional da Escravatura de Liverpool para Angola, a fim de adquirir uma leitura alternativa da exposição mais premiada do mundo, e dar voz a uma audiência até agora não ouvida. Visitantes de Angola – de cujas costas milhões de africanos escravizados foram enviados para as América – viraram finalmente a perspectiva interpretativa expressando as suas opiniões.

There is an obscure but recurring strain of Edmund Husserl’s theological ideas, simultaneously bearing on the question of the historicity of philosophy, which spans the entirety of Husserl’s oeuvre and has yet evaded closer scholarly attention. My paper combines the textual study of the passages in question with a survey of Husserl’s biography and a meticulous reconstruction of the relevant cultural-historical backgrounds—ranging from professional exegesis to general cultural-historical phenomena and to historical speculations by one of Husserl’s family friends and colleagues at the University of Halle—in order to obtain a useful concrete cross-section of the interconnected debates on Husserl’s views—and their possible phenomenological ramifications—on the history of religion, respectively the history of philosophy.

The study deals with the politicization of the hooligan nature of the crime in the initial period of the functioning of this structure in the Polish social and legal reality after World War II. The political entanglement of such behaviors, their ideologization and perception through the prism of attacks on the foundations of the new socio-economic system was undoubtedly influenced by the origin of this circumstance. The politicization of hooligan behavior in the Soviet reality — from where this structure was transplanted into the native reality and ultimately the legal order — had had a long tradition at that time. Over two decades of experience in demonstrating the “class” nature of such behavior, its “counter-revolutionary” basis and the “anti-systemic” motivation of its perpetrators were reflected in the statements of some of the interpreters of hooliganism in Poland at the turn of the 1940s and 1950s. Analyzing the literature and judicial decisions from this period, attention was drawn to the scale of the politicized exegesis of this concept and its reminiscences in the later periods of its functioning in the domestic criminal law system. At the same time, the exponential trend was not omitted, which more or less firmly disregarded the relationship between hooliganism and politics.

This article is the introduction to the special issue of The American Sociologist on the theme ‘Pragmatism and/or/versus Hermeneutics.’ As such, the article presents the overall perspective of this special issue, focusing on the general overview of the possible debates between those two orientations in sociology. Some of the epistemological and theoretical positions of pragmatism and hermeneutics are presented, in order to orient the possible debates between the two orientations. With respect to the historical background of their respective developments, this introduction invites the reader to the questionings that are being renewed in the context of the more recent encounter between pragmatism and hermeneutics in contemporary sociological analyses.

This study reveals and discusses the role played by five painter-restorers – António Manuel da Fonseca, António Tomás da Fonseca, Carl Kathan, Gaetano Marmocchi, and Étienne Le Roy – at the service of King Ferdinand II of Portugal, from 1850 to 1864. It draws on a dataset of more than one hundred and fifty restored paintings, used here as evidence of the painter-restorers’ activity and versatility in the private art market, as well as of the king’s commitment to managing, repairing and preserving his collection of paintings. Ultimately, by identifying the paintings that have been restored by order of the “Artist King” and relating them to the restorers, this research opens the door for direct analyses and a more precise characterization of the methods and techniques used by these painter-restorers in 19th century Europe.

Este trabajo busca arrojar una mirada poco común sobre los procesos de las independencias hispanoamericanas desde el discurso de la reacción antiliberal. Se centra en el caso de Nueva España/México a comienzos de la década de 1820 en el contexto de una dinámica espacial y cronológica que remite a las realidades políticas de la monarquía católica. Para ello se analizan dos documentos escasamente conocidos de fray Mariano López Bravo y Pimentel, en los que explica y justifica las motivaciones independentistas con argumentos contrarrevolucionarios, los cuales trató de hacer llegar al rey Fernando VII y a los españoles.

Statistically speaking, in terms of the number of manuscripts transcribed during the Ottoman period in Bosnia, manuscripts of the Qur’an certainly prevailed. This demanding project was undertaken by scribes of all categories – ordinary scribes but also calligraphers. In addition to following the spelling rules, it was presumed that the scribes of the Qur’an followed special rules for transcribing the Holy Text. In order to gain an insight into the extent to which and what transcription norms were known in the Ottoman-era Bosnia, a list of rules for copying the Qur’an published and critically interpreted by the eminent professor Jan Just Witkam have served as a basis. In order to gain a broader picture, the mushafs of the 17th and 18th centuries from the collection of Gazi Husrev-bey’s library in Sarajevo were analyzed. After the examination of 22 mushafs from this collection, it was concluded that the rules for Qur’an copying were known in the Ottoman Bosnia as early as the 17th century, as well as that that these rules were known to Bosniak scribes.