Search

Copyright of Journal of Family Sciences is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When integrated with digital workflows, each form input may activate the next process step, increasing the pace of operations. Compiling and utilizing information from a completed form can generate additional outputs. This study examines the influence of technology readiness dimensions namely optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity on the actual use of electronic evaluation forms among examiners of internship students in business schools of higher learning institutions. Furthermore, the study also examines the influence of actual use on commercialization. As a result, this study may provide significant insights into the human aspects influencing technology usage behaviour in educational settings and offer practical suggestions for bridging the gap between technology readiness, actual usage, and commercial value in business schools. The data were collected through an online survey of 119 examiners and analysed using IBM SPSS Version 24 and SmartPLS 4.0.9.2. The findings indicate that optimism has a positive influence on the actual use of electronic evaluation forms, whereas innovativeness, discomfort, and insecurity do not. Additionally, the actual use of evaluation forms positively impacts commercialization. Thus, the findings provide significant contributions to theory and practice. The study highlights the importance of optimism in driving electronic evaluation and usage, prompting a rethinking of technology integration strategies. It encourages discussions and recommendations for academics and practitioners to optimise the use of electronic evaluation forms in business schools, maximising their potential for commercialization within educational landscapes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is motivated by the phenomenon that many students of SMK N 1 Batealit unconsciously have low academic resilience, with several influencing factors including optimism and teacher social support. The purpose of this study was to empirically determine the relationship between optimism and teacher social support on academic resilience in students of SMK N 1 Batealit. The population of this study was a group of 12th grade students of SMK N 1 Batealit totaling 12 classes which included automotive engineering, accounting and financial institutions, culinary, office management and business services, agribusiness of agricultural product management, and agribusiness of agricultural and horticultural technology, with cluster random sampling technique involving 60 students. This research uses a quantitative approach with a correlation method. Data collection tools are academic resilience scale, optimism scale, and teacher social support scale. The results of data analysis showed the coefficient value of R=0.532, F=6.705, and p=0.004 (p

Abstract: There are many negative situations that make students depressed and very stressed with their academics. Students who lack endurance need conducive conditions through social support and strong optimism. This study aimed to test the effect of social support and optimism on the resilience of students working on their thesis. The subjects involved were 79 active students of the faculty of psychology. This study was conducted with quantitative methods using three scales: resilience, social support, and optimism. Sampling was performed using the purposive sampling technique, while the analysis employed the multiple linear regression technique. The results of the major hypothesis analysis show a very significant relationship between social support and student optimism and the resilience of students working on their thesis. The findings of this study can be a significant discussion topic for researchers or other education practitioners to prioritize establishing student resilience in writing final projects and encourage further research related to predominant factors that influence the attitudes of final-year students. Abstrak: Terdapat banyak faktor dari situasi negatif yang membuat mahasiswa tertekan dan sangat stress dengan kondisi akademiknya. Siswa yang daya tahannya kurang membutuhkan kondisi yang kondusif melalui dukungan sosial dan optimisme yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dukungan sosial dan optimisme terhadap resiliensi mahasiswa yang mengerjakan skripsi. Subyek yang terlibat sebanyak 79 mahasiswa aktif fakultas psikologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan menggunakan tiga skala yaitu resiliensi, dukungan sosial, dan optimisme. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sedangkan analisis menggunakan teknik regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis hipotesis mayor menunjukkan ada hubungan yang sangat signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan optimisme mahasiswa dan resiliensi mahasiswa dalam mengerjakan skripsi. Temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi topik diskusi yang signifikan bagi peneliti atau praktisi pendidikan lainnya guna memprioritaskan pembentukan resiliensi mahasiswa dalam menulis tugas akhir dan mendorong penelitian lebih lanjut terkait faktor dominan yang memengaruhi sikap mahasiswa tingkat akhir.

Freedom to study in an independent campus is a program of the Minister of Education and Culture in 2020. Learning activities at the Merdeka Campus are a manifestation of essential student-centered learning. This study aims to determine the role of optimism and agility on readiness to change in implementing independent learning at an independent campus. Respondents of this study were the lecturers at Buana Perjuangan Karawang University s many as 190 lecturers. The scale used in this study consists of a scale of readiness to change, optimism and agility. Hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression, found that optimism and agility had a positive role in readiness to change (p < 0.05). This shows that the higher the attitude of optimism and agility will increase the readiness to change in lecturers at Buana Perjuangan Karawang University. These findings can be taken into consideration in making measures to increase readiness to change by applying an attitude of optimism and agility to work on lecturers

Being optimistic or pessimistic is a form of intuitive, premonitory thinking that is conditioned by one's personal experience. Some authors consider this attitude to be a subjective construction relating to expectations generated, motivation and effort. Others authors consider it to be a personality trait linked to life satisfaction and adaptive response to context. For this study, 561 university students participated, with an average age of 20.31 years (±3.46). The instruments used were the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The aim of the study was to determine the structure of the LOT-R instrument, since many studies have questioned its unidimensional or twodimensional structure, which compromises the instrument's validity. Subsequently, it was related to the SWLS through a Structural Equation Model. The results showed that the two-dimensional model (optimism and pessimism) was the most appropriate (χ²/df = 4.36; RMSEA=.072; SRMR=.044; GFI=.960; CFI=.979). Subsequently, the results described above were related to the Life Satisfaction variable, which reinforced the theoretical model proposed. Findings corroborated the double dimensionality of the LOT-R instrument, with a positive relationship between optimism and life satisfaction, and a negative relationship between pessimism and life satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Danish Muslims who have returned from jihad in Syria describe the Arab Spring as a miracle—a divine intervention that called upon them to radically change their lives. From one day to the next, they turned towards God and decided to travel to the Middle East to take up arms. According to the interlocutors, the miracle of the Arab Spring made them wake up to find themselves as part of the Muslim umma—the community of the last prophet Mohammed—that is, the prophet of the time of the end—but also to find that maybe the end of time had arrived and that they could choose to join the Great Battle between infidels and believers. Based on long-term fieldwork, this article investigates my interlocutors' practices of struggling in the way of Allah. Arguing against Olivier Roy's central thesis that European jihadists are violent nihilists, I contend that we need to reinstate God and the relation between divine determination and my interlocutors' agency to explain why jihadists act as they do. To understand this relation, I draw on anthropological studies of Islam and Christianity, as well as Agamben's distinction between "the time of the end" (messianism) and "the end of time" (apocalypse). My interlocutors believe that they live in End-times: they know that the world is about to end but they do not know when, and I suggest that it is exactly this gap that their jihadists' practices strive to bridge. Struggling to bring about what they believe is already God-given, I argue that jihadists are optimists, not nihilists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cet article est de présenter l'adaptation et la validation de l'Échelle de Positivité (Caprara, Alessandri, Eisenberg, Kupfer, Steca, Caprara, & Abela, 2012) à travers trois études réalisées auprès de 840 adultes. La positivité, qui est le facteur commun et latent entre l'estime de soi, l'optimisme et la satisfaction de vie (Alessandri, Caprara, & Tisak, 2012 ; Caprara, Steca, Alessandri, Abela, & McWhinnie, 2010), est « la tendance à voir la vie et les expériences avec une vision positive » (Caprara et al., 2012, p. 701). L'analyse factorielle confirmatoire soutient l'unidimensionnalité du facteur G Positivité, coexistant avec deux facteurs spécifiques, l'Optimisme et l'Estime de soi. L'instrument atteste d'une très bonne fiabilité et le haut niveau de stabilité temporelle indique une très bonne fidélité. La validité a été démontrée par une bonne convergence avec l'estime de soi, l'optimisme, la satisfaction de vie ainsi que l'affect positif et par une bonne divergence avec l'affect négatif. L'étude de la validité discriminante établit qu'elle se différencie des échelles mesurant l'estime de soi, l'optimisme et la satisfaction de vie. L'étude de la validité incrémentielle montre qu'elle est capable de contribuer de manière significative, par l'effet de trois construits en une dimension unique, à la prédiction de phénomène psychologique. Cette recherche permet de disposer d'une échelle valide en 7 items pour mesurer la positivité en langue française. The purpose of this article is to present the adaptation and the validation of the Positivity Scale (Caprara, Alessandri, Eisenberg, Kupfer, Steca, Caprara, & Abela, 2012) through three studies of 840 adults. Positivity, which is a common latent factor between self-esteem, optimism and life satisfaction (Alessandri, Caprara, & Tisak, 2012; Caprara, Steca, Alessandri, Abela, & McWhinnie, 2010), is " the tendency to view life and experiences with a positive outlook " (Caprara et al., 2012, p. 701). Confirmatory factor analysis supports the unidimensionality of factor G Positivity, coexisting with two specific factors, optimism and self-esteem. The instrument attest very good reliability and the high level of temporal stability indicate a very good fidelity. The validity was demonstrated by a good convergence with self-esteem, optimism, life satisfaction as well as positive affect and good divergence with negative affect. The study of the discriminant validity establishes that it differs from scales measuring self-esteem, optimism and life satisfaction. The study of incremental validity shows that it can contribute significantly, through the effect of three constructs in a single dimension, to the prediction of psychological phenomena. This research provides a valid 7-item scale to measure positivity in French. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depuis les années 1980, deux grandes conceptions sur la représentation de l'optimisme et du pessimisme se confrontent : une structure unidimensionnelle et une structure bidimensionnelle. Les propriétés bidimensionnelles du LOT-R en langue française sont approfondies afin de déterminer les styles d'expectations envers le futur selon les niveaux d'optimisme et de pessimisme. Une étude réalisée auprès d'un échantillon composé de 913 adultes provenant de France (72,7 % de femmes, M = 41,14 ans) propose (1) d'analyser la structure factorielle de l'instrument, la relation entre les deux construits ainsi que leur séparabilité, (2) d'explorer les styles d'expectations selon les niveaux d'attentes positives et négatives par l'analyse des profils latents, (3) d'étudier l'influence des facteurs sociodémographiques (âge, sexe, catégorie socioprofessionnelle) sur les attentes cognitives à propos de l'avenir. Les analyses factorielles confirmatoires établissent la réplicabilité de la structure latente bidimensionnelle de l'instrument à travers les groupes d'âge et de sexe, la séparabilité entre les deux construits augmentant au fur et à mesure de l'avancement en âge. L'analyse des profils latents soutient l'existence de trois styles d'expectations envers le futur au sein de l'échantillon : le style optimiste, le style mixte et le style pessimiste. Le modèle MIMIC démontre que l'accroissement en âge et la catégorie socioprofessionnelle sont des déterminants des niveaux d'optimisme et de pessimisme ainsi que des styles d'expectations. Cette recherche permet d'utiliser les styles d'expectations envers le futur qui modélise empiriquement la balance entre les niveaux d'optimisme et de pessimisme. Since the 1980s, two major conceptions of the representation of optimism and pessimism have been disputed: a unidimensional structure and a bidimensional structure. The bidimensional properties of the LOT-R in French are further explored in order to determine the styles of expectations towards the future according to the levels of optimism and pessimism. A study carried out on a sample of 913 adults from France (72.7% women, M = 41.14 years) proposes (1) to analyze the factorial structure of the instrument, the relationship between the two constructs as well as their separability, (2) to explore the styles of expectations according to the levels of positive and negative expectations by latent profile analysis, (3) to study the influence of socio-demographic factors (age, sex, socio-professional category) on cognitive expectations about the future. The confirmatory factor analyzes establish the replicability of the bidimensional latent structure of the instrument across age and gender groups, with the separability between the two constructs increasing with advancing age. The latent profile analysis supports the existence of three styles of expectations towards the future within the sample: the optimistic style, the mixed style and the pessimistic style. The MIMIC model demonstrates that increasing age and socio-professional category are determinants of levels of optimism and pessimism as well as of expectation styles. This research makes it possible to use the styles of expectations towards the future which empirically models the balance between the levels of optimism and pessimism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hvilket handlingsrom har kvinner hatt i filosofien? I artikkelen benytter jeg Sofie Charlotte av Preussen som eksempel for å drøfte dette spørsmålet. Kvinner har tradisjonelt ikke hatt samme forutsetninger som menn til å skrive filosofi og publisere verk. Av denne grunn har de gjerne blitt neglisjerte eller helt ekskluderte fra tradisjonell filosofihistorie. Likevel har flere av dem spilt viktige roller som samtalepartnere og korrespondenter for kanoniserte mannlige filosofer, en rolle de i heller liten grad har blitt anerkjent for. Både gjennom samtaler og korrespondanse bidro Sofie Charlotte til utviklingen av Leibniz’ grunnantakelser, deriblant den optimistiske ideen om at vi lever i den beste av alle mulige verdener. I forordet til verket Teodicé krediterer Leibniz henne for denne viktige rollen, men senere historieskrivning har oversett passasjen og har heller fremstilt Leibniz som en filosof som har tenkt ut sine store tanker i ensomhet og isolasjon fra andre mennesker og omverden. Tesen er at denne «elfenbenstårnmodellen» må forlates til fordel for en «symfilosofimodell» hvor Leibniz’ ideer og argumentasjon må sees som resultat av samtaler med Sofie Charlotte.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ada tidaknya pengaruh job insecurity terhadap happiness at work dan adakah peran optimisme sebagai moderator pada pengaruh job insecurity terhadap happiness at work karyawan saat pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei yang diikuti oleh 102 karyawan hospitality industry. Alat ukur yang digunakan antara lain happiness at work measurement scale (11 aitem), job insecurity scale (4 aitem), dan lot-r (6 aitem). Adapun hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa job insecurity berpengaruh signifikan terhadap happiness at work serta optimisme tidak mampu memoderasi pengaruh job insecurity kerja terhadap happiness at work.

This paper explores the everyday experiences of young white working-class men living in coastal towns badly affected by austerity programmes implemented in the UK since 2010. The lives and aspirations of marginal young men seldom feature in studies of the effects of economic crisis and austerity. These men are positioned at the intersection of several rhetorical constructions with contradictory and ambivalent affects. They are expected, and still expect, to become wage earners and providers, largely through their own efforts and self- improvement. A rhetoric of social mobility disguises structural inequality, producing a false promise of hope or 'cruel optimism' about future prospects. Simultaneously, young working- class men, especially those without employment, typically are constructed as a threat to (middle class) society, difficult or dangerous, and authors of their own disadvantage. We explore how young men, without regular work and often lacking family support, talk about everyday experiences, social relationships, feelings and emotions and hopes for the future in coastal towns with a particular place in the national imaginary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saat memasuki masa pensiun, Tentara Nasional Indonesia akan menghadapi berbagai perubahan, misalnya dalam hal keuangan, status, aktivitas, dan lain-lain. Perubahan tersebut membutuhkan kemampuan untuk penyesuaian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara optimisme dengan resiliensi pada pensiunan TNI-AL. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah pensiunan TNI-AL (30 partisipan). Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan tipe non probability sampling: purposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah skala resiliensi (Resilience Scale), dan Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Hasil uji hipotesis pada penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara optimisme dengan resiliensi pada pensiunan TNI-AL (p = 0,001; r = 0,563). Semakin tinggi optimisme seorang pensiunan, maka semakin tinggi pula resiliensi individu tersebut, dan begitu pula sebaliknya. Jadi saat individu memiliki tujuan dan yakin bahwa hal yang akan terjadi di masa depan adalah hal yang baik, akan membuat individu tersebut memiliki kapasitas kemampuan beradaptasi (resiliensi) yang baik.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan berpikir positif dalam meningkatkan optimisme pada anak binaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak, Jawa Tengah. Optimisme adalah keyakinan bahwa keyakinan bahwa hal-hal baik akan lebih sering terjadi daripada hal-hal buruk, sehingga individu percaya bahwa sesuatu akan berjalan sesuai dengan harapan. Pelatihan berpikir positif mengacu pada teori ABCDE dari Seligman (2006). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest dan postest yang diterapkan pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol (pretest postest with control group design). Pemilihan subjek penelitian ditetapkan dengan menggunakan metode matching. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 18 anak laki-laki yang berusia 14-17 tahun, dengan sembilan subjek berada di kelompok eksperimen dan sembilan subjek berada di kelompok kontrol. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan skala optimisme LOT-R dari Scheier, Carver, dan Bridge (1994). Uji hipotesis dilakukan menggunakan analisa data statistik yang menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan berpikir positif secara signifikan meningkatkan optimisme pada kelompok eksperimen, sedangkan kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan pelatihan tidak mengalami perubahan skor optimisme.

Copyright of Nordlit is the property of Universitetet i Tromsoe and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Mental health study has become an intriguing and vital carried out by various experts according to their scientific discipline. This study aims to test the role of optimism as a mediator for the relationship of resilience with students’ mental health. The subjects were 320 students in four state Islamic colleges in East Java, Indonesia. Data obtained through the mental health scale, resilience scale, and optimism scale. Data were analyzed using regression analysis techniques. The analysis shows that the resilience has direct effects of 1.398 (p bigger than 0.01) and indirect effects of 0.312 (p bigger than 0.01) through optimism on students’ mental health. The implication of this result is the importance of resilience and optimism aspects to be considered in developing students’ mental health. Resilience will be more effective if the individual has a high level of optimism. Thus, to develop students’ mental health, these two abilities needed to be accelerated. Abstrak: Kesehatan mental menjadi suatu kajian yang menarik dan penting sehingga banyak dilakukan oleh berbagai ahli sesuai dengan disiplin keilmuannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji peran optimisme sebagai mediator pada hubungan antara resiliensi dan kesehatan mental. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 320 mahasiswa yang diambil secara acak dengan mempertimbangkan komposisi jumlah di empat Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam Negeri yang ada di Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Data diperoleh melalui skala kesehatan mental, skala resiliensi, dan skala optimisme. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa resiliensi berpengaruh secara langsung sebesar 1,398 (p lebih besar dari 0,01) dan tidak langsung sebesar 0,312 (p lebih besar dari 0,01) melalui optimisme terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa. Implikasi dari hasil penelitian ini adalah pentingnya aspek resiliensi, dan optimisme untuk diperhatikan dalam upaya pengembangan kesehatan mental mahasiswa. Resiliensi akan lebih efektif berpengaruh jika individu memiliki tingkat optimisme yang tinggi, sehingga untuk mengembangkan kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa perlu mengembangkan dua kemampuan tersebut.

Keberadaan remaja yatim/piatu sebagai salah satu sumber daya manusia dalam membangun bangsa perlu mendapat perhatian dan dukungan dalam proses pengembangan optimisme mereka dalam menghadapi kehidupan. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk membangun optimisme remaja yatim/piatu melalui pelatihan wirausaha kerajinan tangan. Subjek dampingan berjumlah 15 orang yang dipilih berdasarkan kriteria kegiatan pengabdian. Pihak yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ini diantaranya Jemaah pengajian An-nisa, staf kelurahan, karang taruna dan masyarakat sekitar. Ada beberapa kegiatan yang dilakukan secara simultan dalam proses pengabdian ini. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan optimisme para remaja dalam menghadapi kehidupannya setelah diberi pelatihan wirausaha kerajinan tangan.

Le but de ce travail est de s’interroger sur la contribution des variables du capital psychologique, à travers le profil entrepreneurial, à l’amélioration de la performance économique des entreprises. Les données utilisées sont issues d’une enquête par questionnaire auprès des entreprises (140 entrepreneurs) de la ville du grand Agadir. L’outil statistique utilisé est le logiciel Smart PLS à travers les équations structurelles. Cette analyse nous a permis de montrer l’existence d’un lien significatif entre certaines composantes du capital psychologique et la performance économique de l’entreprise à travers le profil entrepreneurial du propiétaire-dirigeant.

Abstract The study aims to determine whether there is a link between optimism and social support for self-efficacy in street children. 103 adventure samples of street children taken from seven open houses spread in DKI Jakarta and Tangerang. This study uses a non-probability sampling technique, using a purposive sampling method. Test the validity of measuring instruments using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) techniques, while the data analysis in this study uses multiple regression analysis techniques in SPSS. The results showed that there was a significant influence of optimism and social support on the self-efficacy of street children with R-square 0.729. Hypothesis test results found that there is one dimension of optimism that is needed significantly to self-efficacy of street children, which is permanent, and there is one dimension of social support that is significantly related to self-efficacy of street children, namely search and instrumental assistance. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh antara optimisme dan dukungan sosial terhadap self-efficacy pada anak jalanan. Sampel berjumlah 103 anak jalanan yang diambil dari tujuh rumah singgah yang tersebar di DKI Jakarta dan Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling, dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Uji validitas alat ukur menggunakan teknik confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), sementara analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda dalam SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari optimisme dan dukungan sosial terhadap self-efficacy anak jalanan dengan R-square 0,729. Hasil uji hipotesis minor ditemukan bahwa terdapat satu dimensi dari optimisme yang berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap self-efficacy anak jalanan, yaitu permanence, dan terdapat satu dimensi dari dukungan sosial berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap self-efficacy anak jalanan, yaitu dukungan nyata atau instrumental.

Kekhawatiran sebagai komponen dalam kecemasan akademik memengaruhi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap suatu situasi atau hasil sebagai ancaman. Mahasiswa rantau rentan terhadap kekhawatiran selama menjalani kehidupan akademik. Menurunkan kekhawatiran dan meningkatkan optimisme menjadi upaya untuk membantu mahasiswa rantau dalam menyelesaikan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari CBT yang dilakukan dalam kelompok melalui media daring untuk mengurangi kekhawatiran dan meningkatkan optimism pada mahasiswa rantau dengan masalah kecemasan akademik. Terapi diberikan secara berkelompok kepada enam mahasiswa dalam lima sesi dengan tiga kali pengukuran menggunakan The Student Worry Questionnaire dan Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Penelitian ini dianisis secara deskriptif melalui perubahan dari setiap hasil pengukuran dan analisis kualitatif yang diperoleh dari observasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat penurunan pada tingkat kekhawatiran meskipun tidak terdapat perubahan pada optimisme. Evaluasi kualitatif juga menunjukkan perubahan yang terjadi antara sebelum dan setelah intervensi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CBT kelompok berpotensi dalam menurunkan kekhawatiran pada mahasiswa rantau dengan masalah kecemasan akademik.

Copyright of Revue Internationale PME is the property of Institue de Recherche sur les PME and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cette revue de littérature scientifique porte sur le capital psychologique (PsyCap), construit composé des dimensions d'auto-efficacité, d'espoir, de résilience et d'optimisme. Si le PsyCap est très largement présent dans les travaux des chercheurs outre-Atlantique, il n'occupe actuellement encore qu'une place modeste dans les recherches francophones. L'objectif de cet article est de dresser un état des lieux en langue française sur l'intérêt et l'usage du PsyCap dans le champ de la psychologie du travail. Après avoir précisé les fondements conceptuels du PsyCap, sont abordées la mesure de ce dernier, ses conséquences sur les comportements, les attitudes et la santé des travailleurs ainsi que l'identification des antécédents de ce construit. Enfin, des perspectives de recherches futures sont développées. This literature review focuses on the concept of Psychological Capital (PsyCap), a construct that comprises dimensions of self-efficacy, hope, resilience and optimism. France has not a particular interest at the moment in PsyCap. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on both the relevance and use of PsyCap in work psychology. Once we have reviewed the conceptual foundations of PsyCap, its measurement and its consequences on various areas such as health and occupational attitudes will be dealt with. We will also identify the antecedents of this construct. Finally, research prospects will be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sur le Journalisme, About Journalism, Sobre Jornalismo is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ce texte envisage de porter un regard sur les conséquences psychologiques de la situation sanitaire liée au COVID-19 à partir du concept d'optimisme. Depuis plusieurs années, la psychologie positive s'est saisie de cette notion déjà bien connue du grand public, qui a également fait l'objet d'une élaboration conceptuelle majeure dans le domaine scientifique. À ce titre, il nous semble que le concept d'optimisme soit particulièrement utile et pertinent pour comprendre les conduites de nos concitoyens et son influence possible dans la période de confinement qui s'impose actuellement à tous, de la même manière qu'il est nécessaire de penser l'« après » et ses conséquences à court, moyen et long terme, tant sur le plan économique que sur celui de la santé morale et physique de nos concitoyens. Traditionnellement, être optimiste c'est être confiant dans l'issue positive d'un événement, alors qu'à l'inverse, le pessimisme, c'est plutôt s'attendre au pire. L'incertitude que nous imposent ce virus et les situations inédites qui en découlent nous contraint à penser le monde de demain en des termes nouveaux, ce qui peut être déstabilisant. Comprendre la contribution du concept d'optimisme dans la potentialisation des processus adaptatifs que chacun de nous pourra ou non mobiliser pour faire face et s'adapter à cette crise sanitaire inédite et sans précédent est essentiel. Cela constituera sans doute un défi majeur pour les sciences sociales et la psychologie. C'est la raison pour laquelle nous pensons que le concept d'optimisme peut contribuer à apporter des éléments d'éclairage complémentaires qui nous permettront de mieux saisir les conduites rationnelles (ou non) auxquelles nous pourrions être confrontés dans l'avenir, et dans lesquelles nous sommes déjà impliqués. This text envisages looking at the psychological consequences of the health situation related to COVID-19 from the concept of optimism. Positive psychology has for several years been dealing with this concept, which is well known to the general public, but which has been the subject of major conceptual development in the field of science. It seems to us that the concept of optimism can be particularly useful in understanding and influencing the behaviour of our fellow citizens during the period of confinement that is currently imposed on everyone, in the same way that we must consider the consequences in the short, medium and long term, both economically and in terms of the moral and physical health of our fellow citizens, that is, after the period of confinement. Traditionally, being optimistic means being confident in the positive outcome of an event, whereas pessimism means expecting the worst. The uncertainty that this virus imposes on us and the new situations that it brings about, forces us to think the world in uncertain terms, which can be destabilizing. Understanding the contribution of the concept of optimism in the potential of the adaptive processes that each of us may or may not be able to mobilize to face and adapt to this unprecedented and unprecedented health crisis is essential. This will undoubtedly be a major challenge for the social sciences and psychology. This is why we believe that the concept of optimism can help to provide additional insights that will enable us to better grasp the rational (or non-rational) behaviours that we may face in the future, and in which we are already involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insecure, atau rasa tidak aman, bisa diartikan sebagai rasa takut akan sesuatu yang dipicu oleh rasa tidak puas dan tidak yakin akan kapasitas diri sendiri. Rasa insecure inilah yang pada akhirnya, memicu anak untuk menciptakan ‘topeng’ agar sisi lain yang ingin kita sembunyikan itu tidak terlihat oleh orang lain. Perilaku insecure pada anak dapat dicegah dengan mengasuh anak dalam cara-cara yang dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri, kemampuan beradaptasi, dan optimisme anak. Untuk itu orang tua dan guru serta pihak yang terkait dengan anak harus bekerja sama dan membantu anak untuk mengatasi perasaan- perasaan tadi.

Copyright of Journal of Gambling Issues is the property of Centre for Addiction & Mental Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Candide est un récit à la troisième personne raconté par un narrateur anonyme. Voltaire y utilise toutes les ressources du langage pour établir des relations de causalité ironique. II unit la logique interne des faits à la réalité ironique. En instaurant des liaisons spécifiques parmi les événements, Voltaire inverse les causes et les effets. II montre 1'incohérence entre l'optimisme, le pessimisme et les couches sociales par son arme favorite, l'ironie. Voltaire présente que le paradis n'existe pas dans ce monde cruel et absurde. Le mélange maitrisé qui se compose de l'ironie et de la satire constitue le charme de Candide. Selon l'écrivain, dire que tout est bien est une sottise. Voltaire montre une réaction ironique contre la philosophie optimiste du philosophe allemand, Leibnitz. Il indique ironiquement que le mal est omniprésent, que la guerre, l'esclavage, la vanité et l'intolérance apparaissent comme la manifestation du mal. A la fin de Candide, pour arriver au but, Voltaire nous donne un message d'espoir en disant qu'il faut cultiver notre jardin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding of hadith (fiqh al-hadith) is a process of understanding that comes from the hadith of Prophet Muhammad and studies which explores and comprehends the teachings contained in the hadith of the Prophet to be applied. One of the faithful’ characteristics is to have an optimistic attitude. Without having an optimistic attitude, someone will destroy himself. For example, he is easily stress, sad, disappointed, depression, and even suicide. Therefore, an optimistic attitude is very important thing, because optimism is the belief of everything in terms of good and fun, it always has positive thinking and has high expectations.

Copyright of Social Psychology / Psihologie Socială is the property of Alexandru Ioan Cuza University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue d'Histoire de la Pensée Économique is the property of Classiques Garnier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vie et Sciences de l'Entreprise is the property of ANDESE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemandirian lanjut usia (lansia) ditinjau dari dukungan sosial dan optimisme. Penelitian ini juga ingin mengetahui kemandirian lansia ditinjau dari jenis kelaminnya, antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan skala kemandirian, skala dukungan sosial, dan skala optimisme. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 68 lansia yang ada di Kota Madiun yang terdiri dari 35 lansia laki-laki dan 33 lansia perempuan. Hasil analisis regresi pada lansia diperoleh R = 0,347, dan p = 0,015, pada taraf signifikansi < 0,05. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara kemandirian lansia dengan dukungan sosial dan optimisme, dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 12,1 %. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis pertama diterima. Hasil analisis regresi pada lansia diperoleh R = 0,244, dengan p = 0,022, pada taraf signifikansi < 0,05. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara dukungan sosial dengan kemandirian lansia, dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 9,61 %. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis kedua diterima. Hasil analisis regresi pada lansia diperoleh R = 0,301, dengan p = 0,005, pada taraf signifikansi < 0,01. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara optimisme dengan kemandirian lansia, dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 5,95 %. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis ketiga diterima. Hasil analisis uji t-test diperoleh mean laki-laki 24,31, mean perempuan 24,06, t = 0,240, p = 0,811, dengan p > 0,05. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan kemandirian dalam jenis kelamin antara lansia laki-laki dan lansia perempuan. Hasil ini juga menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis keempat ditolak.

L’article propose une lecture comparée du roman d’Émile Zola Au Bonheur des Dames (1883) et de Boumkœur (1999) de Rachid Djaïdani. Interprètes des transformations vécues par la Ville Lumière, Zola et Djaïdani vivent les contrastes de Paris et montrent au lecteur la dualité d’une capitale ambigüe : monstrueuse pour Zola, cosmopolite et aveugle pour Djaïdani, la capitale française est le royaume du double, du masque.

Copyright of Management international / International Management / Gestiòn Internacional is the property of Management International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of European Review of Applied Psychology is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)