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Dermatoses are essentially caused by infection or free radical aggression, immunoallergic disorders, or can be secondary to general diseases. Management of dermatoses by modern medicine is complex and costly, and the development of alternative treatments is urgent. Opilia amentacea Roxb. is a woody climber plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for treatment of bad skin diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts of O. amentacea and to characterize potent fractions. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the disc diffusion and microdilution methods, while antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The content of the plant extracts in polyphenols and flavonoids was also studied. The results revealed several secondary metabolites in the leaves, stems and root bark extracts of the plant, including sterols, triterpenes, and flavonoids and tannins, and a generally high total polyphenol and total flavonoid content. Dichloromethane fractions of leaves (FDFe) and stem barks (FDET) exhibited the best antioxidant activity and were the most active on Gram-positive bacilli. Hexane leaves (FHFe) and hexane root bark (FHER) fractions exhibited the best antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis. High correlation (R2 = 0.932) was found between the total flavonoid content of extracts and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In view of these results, the present study describes O. amentacea as a potential source of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant agents and justifies the traditional uses of the plant as an anti-dermatosis plant.

Dermatoses are essentially caused by infection or free radical aggression, immunoallergic disorders, or can be secondary to general diseases. Management of dermatoses by modern medicine is complex and costly, and the development of alternative treatments is urgent. Opilia amentacea Roxb. is a woody climber plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for treatment of bad skin diseases. This study was carried out to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts of O. amentacea and to characterize potent fractions. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the disc diffusion and microdilution methods, while antioxidant activity was assessed using the 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The content of the plant extracts in polyphenols and flavonoids was also studied. The results revealed several secondary metabolites in the leaves, stems and root bark extracts of the plant, including sterols, triterpenes, and flavonoids and tannins, and a generally high total polyphenol and total flavonoid content. Dichloromethane fractions of leaves (FDFe) and stem barks (FDET) exhibited the best antioxidant activity and were the most active on Gram-positive bacilli. Hexane leaves (FHFe) and hexane root bark (FHER) fractions exhibited the best antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis. High correlation (R2 = 0.932) was found between the total flavonoid content of extracts and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In view of these results, the present study describes O. amentacea as a potential source of antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant agents and justifies the traditional uses of the plant as an anti-dermatosis plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opilia amentacea is a medicinal plant commonly used by the West African traditional healers to cure a wide variety of ailments and per-capita consumption of these fruits could help to improve the health system. This study was intended to investigate the impacts of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the free radicals, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibiting properties of O. amentacea fruit polysaccharides (OAFP). The pre-digested (864 mg glucose equivalents/g of sample) and gastric digested (880 mg glucose equivalents/g of sample) OAFP showed higher sugar content than pancreatic digested OAFP (101 mg glucose equivalents/g of sample). The antioxidant, α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities of OAFP were significantly increased after gastric digestion. This evidently proved that OAFPs can be easily digested and made readily available for the intestine absorption. However, the sugar content was decreased after pancreatic digestion indicating the bioactive potential of OAFP as an antioxidant and antihyperglycemic, which could be considered as a promising candidate for functional foods. • Opilia amentacea fruits are effective to prevent the oxidative stress and hyperglycemic associated disorders. • The fruits polysaccharides were easily bioaccessible in the intestine. • The fruits polysaccharides were effective inhibited the α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes. • Functional food from O. amentacea could be used in the human diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two previously undescribed flavonol tetraglycosides, isorhamnetin-3- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β - d -galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β - d -glucopyranoside ( 1 ) and isorhamnetin-3- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β - d -galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β - d -galactopyranoside ( 2 ), along with nine known compounds including seven flavonoids and two lignans, were isolated from the leaves of Opilia amentacea Roxb (Opiliaceae). Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of compounds 1 – 11 was evaluated. In addition, all compounds were evaluated for their tyrosinase inhibitions by using in vitro mushroom tyrosinase assay. Only 5,5-dimethoxylariciresinol-4- O - β - d -glucopyranoside ( 10 ) and eleutheroside E1 ( 11 ) exhibited significant tyrosinase inhibition (IC 50 42.1 and 28 μM, respectively) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC 50 85.1 and 42.1 μM, respectively) compared with the positive controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]