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Purpose Surgical fluorescence guidance has gained popularity in various settings, e.g., minimally invasive robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. In pursuit of novel receptor-targeted tracers, the field of fluorescence-guided surgery is currently moving toward increasingly lower signal intensities. This highlights the importance of understanding the impact of low fluorescence intensities on clinical decision making. This study uses kinematics to investigate the impact of signal-to-background ratios (SBR) on surgical performance. Methods Using a custom grid exercise containing hidden fluorescent targets, a da Vinci Xi robot with Firefly fluorescence endoscope and ProGrasp and Maryland forceps instruments, we studied how the participants’ (N = 16) actions were influenced by the fluorescent SBR. To monitor the surgeon’s actions, the surgical instrument tip was tracked using a custom video-based tracking framework. The digitized instrument tracks were then subjected to multi-parametric kinematic analysis, allowing for the isolation of various metrics (e.g., velocity, jerkiness, tortuosity). These were incorporated in scores for dexterity (Dx), decision making (DM), overall performance (PS) and proficiency. All were related to the SBR values. Results Multi-parametric analysis showed that task completion time, time spent in fluorescence-imaging mode and total pathlength are metrics that are directly related to the SBR. Below SBR 1.5, these values substantially increased, and handling errors became more frequent. The difference in Dx and DM between the targets that gave SBR 1.50, indicates that the latter group generally yields a 2.5-fold higher Dx value and a threefold higher DM value. As these values provide the basis for the PS score, proficiency could only be achieved at SBR > 1.55. Conclusion By tracking the surgical instruments we were able to, for the first time, quantitatively and objectively assess how the instrument positioning is impacted by fluorescent SBR. Our findings suggest that in ideal situations a minimum SBR of 1.5 is required to discriminate fluorescent lesions, a substantially lower value than the SBR 2 often reported in literature.

Dataset (3 van 3) behorend bij de dissertatie 'Boeren op de buitenplaats, de relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840)', verdedigd aan de RUG Groningen op 9 juni 2022 en als handelseditie uitgeven door uitgeverij Noordboek. Deze dataset bevat data uit 294 pachtcontracten van buitenplaatsboerderijen rondom Abcoude die zijn overgedragen in de notariële archieven van Abcoude en Utrecht. Per pachtcontract zijn naast verwijzingen naar de primaire bron de naam van het complex, verpachter, (vorige) pachter, jaar en datum van afsluiting, lengte van het pachtcontract, pachtprijs en oppervlakte en omschrijving van het te verhuren complex opgenomen. Daarnaast is de berekende pachtprijs per morgen opgenomen en de aan/afwezigheid van toepachtbepalingen. De data is geordend per buitenplaats en daarbinnen op chronologische volgorde van de jaren waarin de pachtcontracten werden afgesloten. Voor meer informatie zie Oosterom, G. van, Boeren op de buitenplaats. De relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840), Gorredijk 2022. Voor het citeren van de in de dataset opgenomen samenvattingen wordt aangeraden de originelen te raadplegen voor een volledig overzicht en de juiste contemporaine spelling. De pachtcontracten die zijn aangetroffen in het Utrechts Archief zijn digitaal doorzoekbaar via de website van het Utrechts Archief: www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl. De pachtcontracten die berusten in het notarieel archief van Abcoude/Baambrugge zijn ten tijde van publicatie nog niet gedigitaliseerd maar zijn in te zien bij het Regionaal Historisch Centrum Vecht en Venen te Breukelen: Schepersweg 6e, 3621JK Breukelen, 0346-259425, info@rhcvechtenvenen.nl. www.rhcvechtenvenen.nl

Dataset (1 van 3) behorend bij de dissertatie 'Boeren op de buitenplaats, de relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840)', verdedigd aan de RUG Groningen op 9 juni 2022 en als handelseditie uitgeven door uitgeverij Noordboek. Deze dataset bevat een overzicht van de bekende eigenaren uitgesplitst per buitenplaats . Voor onderliggende bronnen zie metadata: source. Voor meer informatie zie Oosterom, G. van, Boeren op de buitenplaats. De relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840), Gorredijk 2022.

Dataset (2 van 3) behorend bij de dissertatie 'Boeren op de buitenplaats, de relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840)', verdedigd aan de RUG Groningen op 9 juni 2022 en als handelseditie uitgeven door uitgeverij Noordboek. Deze dataset bevat een overzicht van de belangrijkste bronnen per buitenplaats die gebruikt zijn om de ontwikkeling van het agrarische deel van het complex te kunnen reconstrueren. Voor meer informatie zie Oosterom, G. van, Boeren op de buitenplaats. De relatie tussen landbouw en buitenleven in het Amstellands Arcadië (1640-1840), Gorredijk 2022. Informatie die naar voren is gekomen door informatie van derden na afronding van het onderzoek (2021) is NIET verwerkt. Voor het citeren van de in de dataset opgenomen samenvattingen van archivalia zoals koop-, pachtcontracten, advertenties, testamenten etc.) wordt sterk aangeraden de originelen te raadplegen voor een volledig overzicht en een check op de juiste contemporaine spelling. Een groot deel van deze bronnen is digitaal doorzoekbaar via de websites van o.a. het Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), het Noord Hollands Archief NHA), Utrechts Archief UA) en www.Delpher.nl (advertenties).

Aims: Arthroplasty surgery of the knee and hip is performed in two to three million patients an-nually. Periprosthetic joint infections occur in 4% of these patients. Debridement, antibiot-ics, and implant retention (DAIR) surgery aimed at cleaning the infected prosthesis often fails, subsequently requiring invasive revision of the complete prosthetic reconstruction. Infection-specific imaging may help to guide DAIR. In this study, we evaluated a bacteria -specific hybrid tracer (99mTc-UBI29-41-Cy5) and its ability to visualize the bacterial load on fem-oral implants using clinical -grade image guidance methods. Methods: 99mTc-UBI29-41- Cy5 specificity for Stapylococcus aureus was assessed in vitro using fluorescence confocal imaging. Topical administration was used to highlight the location of S. aureus cul-tured on femoral prostheses using fluorescence imaging and freehand single photon emis-sion CT (fhSPECT) scans. Gamma counting and fhSPECT were used to quantify the bacterial load and monitor cleaning with chlorhexidine. Microbiological culturing helped to relate the imaging findings with the number of (remaining) bacteria. Results: Bacteria could be effectively stained in vitro and on prostheses, irrespective of the presence of biofilm. Infected prostheses revealed bacterial presence on the transition zone between the head and neck, and in the screw hole. Qualitative 2D fluorescence images could be com-plemented with quantitative 3D fhSPECT scans. Despite thorough chlorhexidine treatments, 28% to 44% of the signal remained present in the locations of the infection that were iden-tified using imaging, which included 500 to 2,000 viable bacteria.Conclusion: The hybrid tracer99mTc-UBI29-41-Cy5 allowed effective bacterial staining. Qualitative real -time fluorescence guidance could be effectively combined with nuclear imaging that enables quantitative monitoring of the effectiveness of cleaning strategies.

Antibodies can prevent malaria by neutralizing the infectious Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites (SPZ) before they establish an infection in the liver. Circumsporozoite protein (CSP), the most abundant surface protein of SPZ is the leading candidate for passive (and subunit) immunization approaches against malaria. Comprehensive assessment of the parasite-inhibitory capacity of anti-CSP monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is an important step in advancing CSP-based immunization strategies. In this study, we employed a quantitative imaging-based motility assay to quantify the effect of anti-CSP mAbs on SPZ motility, both in vitro and in human skin.Our assay provided a quantitative measure of mAb parasite-inhibitory capacity through measurement of the half-maximal motility inhibitory concentration (IC50M) value for anti-CSP mAbs (IC50M 2A10: 24 nM, IC50M 3SP2: 71 nM). We found a sevenfold discrepancy between the IC50M and the binding saturation concentration measured by ELISA, possibly related to the observed shedding of CSP-mAb complexes during SPZ movement. In a subset of SPZ (5%), in vitro motility was unaffected by the presence of 2A10 while 3SP2 was able to completely block movement. In our ex vivo skin explant model, SPZ proved less susceptible to anti-CSP mAbs compared to SPZ in an in vitro environment. By quantitatively assessing motility, we created a valuable tool that can be used for comprehensive assessment of anti-CSP mAb potency. Insight that will help deepen our understanding of anti-CSP mAb potency and guide selection of the most promising anti-CSP mAbs for downstream clinical development.

Developments within the field of image-guided surgery are ever expanding, driven by collective involvement of clinicians, researchers, and industry. While the general conception of the potential of image-guided surgery is to improve surgical outcome, the specific motives and goals that drive can differ between the different expert groups. To establish the current and future role of intra-operative image guidance within the field of image-guided surgery a Delphi consensus survey was conducted during the 2'd European Congress on Image-guided surgery. This multidisciplinary survey included questions on the conceptual potential and clinical value of image-guided surgery and was aimed at defining specific areas of research and development in the field in order to stimulate further advances towards precision surgery. Obtained results based on questionnaires filled in by 56 panel experts (clinicians: N=30, researchers: N=20 and industry: N=6) were discussed during a dedicated expert discussion session during the conference. The outcome of this Delphi consensus is indicative of the potential improvements offered by image-guided surgery and of the need for further research in this emerging-field, that can be enriched by the identification of reliable molecular targets.

In the quest for precision surgery, this thesis introduces several novel detection and navigation modalities for the localization of cancer-related tissues in the operating room. The engineering efforts have focused on image-guided surgery modalities that use the complementary tracer signatures of nuclear and fluorescence radiation. The first part of the thesis covers the use of “GPS-like” navigation concepts to navigate fluorescence cameras during surgery, based on SPECT images of the patient. The second part of the thesis introduces several new imaging modalities such as a hybrid 3D freehand Fluorescence and freehand SPECT imaging and navigation device. Furthermore, to improve the detection of radioactive tracer-emissions during robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery, a tethered DROP-IN gamma probe is introduced. The clinical indications that are used to evaluate the new technologies were all focused on sentinel lymph node procedures in urology (i.e. prostate and penile cancer). Nevertheless, all presented techniques are of such a nature, that they can be applied to different surgical indications, including sentinel lymph node and tumor-receptor-targeted procedures, localization the primary tumor and metastatic spread. This will hopefully contribute towards more precise, less invasive and more effective surgical procedures in the field of oncology.

After two LADM workshops (Delft, March 2017 and Zagreb, April 2018) and three ISO TC211 meetings, where also LADM revision meetings took place (Copenhagen, May 2018, Wuhan, November 2018 and Maribor, June 2019) there is consensus growing towards the new scope of the standard. This new scope is described in this paper, and it is no exaggeration to state that there is a rather spectacular extension of Edition’s I scope. Below a first impression. Some of the existing parts of the current version of LADM are being refined. The goal is that these refinements will add more semantics to LADM, but are also backwards compatible. A good example of such improvements are the Refined Survey Model (as part of the Surveying and Representation Subpackage) and more rigid representations of the various CodeList and the values they hold (adding more structure and using sematic technologies to define meaning of values). The scope of LADM is extended with a valuation and fiscal perspective. This concerns a conceptual data model in a LADM Valuation Package that can be used to construct information systems for immovable property valuation and taxation and offer a data exchange option. Spatial planning/zoning with legal implications is a further extension of the scope. This new LADM package implies integration of spatial planning and land administration environments and thus, re-use of zones from spatial planning as restrictions to land rights is possible. Both extensions have impact on the definition of land administration: land administration is the process of determining, recording and disseminating information about relationships between people and land - informal, customary and formal use and property rights - and about value and use of land. What is more, the Global Land Indicator Initiative (GLII), seeks to derive a list of globally comparable harmonized land indicators, using existing monitoring mechanisms, and data collection methods as a foundation. Hence, the LADM is extended with attributes allowing monitoring, based on those indicators.

Purpose: To assess the feasibility of using freehand Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (free-handSPECT) for the identification of technetium-99m-hydroxydiphosphonate (Tc-99m-HDP) positive bone lesions and to evaluate the possibility of using these imaging data-sets for augmented- and virtual-reality based navigation approaches.Material and methods: In 20 consecutive patients referred for scintigraphy with Tc-99m-HDP, 21 three-dimensional freehandSPECT-images were generated using a handheld gamma camera. Concordance of the two different data sets was ranked. Furthermore, feasibility of segmenting the hotspot of tracer accumulation for navigation purposes was assessed.Results: In 86% of the cases freehandSPECT images showed good concordance with the corresponding part of the scintigraphic images. In lesions with a signal to background ratio (SBR) > 1.36, freehandSPECT provided an automatically segmented reference point for navigation purposes. In 14% of the cases (average SBR 1.82, range 1.0-3.4) freehandSPECT images showed intermediate concordance due to difficult anatomical area or negative bone scintigraphy and could not be used as navigation targets.Conclusion: In this pilot study, in 86% of the cases freehandSPECT demonstrated good concordance with traditional scintigraphy. A lesion with a SBR of 1.36 or more was suitable for navigation. These high quality freehandSPECT images supported the future exploration navigation strategies, e.g. guided needle biopsies. (C) 2019 Sociedad Espaiiola de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular. Published by Elsevier Espatia, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

First Edition of the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) has three packages related to: Parties (people and organisations); Basic Administrative Units, Rights, Responsibilities, and Restrictions (of ownership rights); spatial units (parcels, and the legal space of buildings and utility networks) with a sub package for Surveying and Representation (geometry and topology). The latter sub-package provides the functionality to manage observations and cadastral surveys measurements.Contents of LADM implementations are based on authentic source documents, including the names of the persons having a role (responsibility) in the process of the initial data acquisition and/or in the maintenance process. This concerns legal/administrative data and spatial data based on field surveys and observations – where responsible professionals can be conveyors, registrars, surveyors, grassroot surveyors, citizens themselves (participatory surveying) and paralegals.Some of the existing parts of Edition I of the LADM are proposed to be refined in the context of development of Edition II of the standard. This will allow for the inclusion of better structured meta data – also in support of participatory approaches in cadastral surveying. Richer semantics may require more rigid representations of the various Code Lists and the values they contain (adding more structure and using sematic technologies to define meaning of values).An extended survey and legal models are proposed and presented in this paper. This implies adjustments from field observations to the spatial database and the generation of quality labels.

The wider recognition and use of ISO 19152 LADM Edition I, is mainly documented through the country profiles that have been developed in multiple jurisdictions across the world. Various approaches for developing country profiles have been followed, without acting in accordance with a specific (official or unofficial) roadmap or methodology. This has resulted in an interesting mosaic of country profiles, which at the same time, highlights the need to outline the basic steps that need to be followed in order to develop a country profile. Currently, the revision of the LADM Edition I is ongoing, and the discussion for the development, maintenance and update of the existing and future LADM-based country profiles has been initiated. Therefore, it is considered a good timing to address the experience gained from the developed country profiles and introduce methodological steps for the development of country profiles.This paper reflects on the country profiles that have been developed so far, identifying similarities and discrepancies on the path followed, bearing in mind the scope and objective of the development of those profiles and their level of maturity, also conforming to the land registration system and national jurisdiction. Thus, the paper is separated in three main parts: the first part that introduces the LADM revision and its scope, reflects on the existing country profiles and outlines the components of the proposed methodology. The second part presents an LADM-based country profile for Malaysia, as an example application of the proposed methodology. Finally, the last part is dedicated to the discussion, conclusions and proposals for future steps in the context of LADM revision.

International laws and frameworks such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development with its defined Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), together with the Voluntary guidelines on the responsible governance of tenure of land, fisheries and forests in the context of national food security (VGGTs) are key global cornerstones in the protection of women’s land rights and enabler for women to get land rights. Land rights for women is an issue that is linked to broader issues across geographical regions and cultural and religious differences. The SDGs specifically target women’s land and property rights in ending poverty (target 1.4), achieving food security (target 2.3) and ensuring gender equality (target 5a). To achieve these goals and to act according to these global policies, namely, to have equal land rights for women and men, land ownership and land use records need to include both genders. Though, in many countries, such records are non-existent or not up to date or do not show the reality on the ground. As a result, women are often passed over by the government during tenure recordation processes.

The prime purpose of Cadastral data – whether in the form of maps, survey plans or notes, or a digital database is the definitive demarcation of the extent of properties – and can be seen primarily as a decision support facility (“Can a structure be built here?”, “Where can I build a fence?”, “Should I buy this property”?). There are, however many additional uses for which this information has been applied – such as a base for the recording of assets such as light poles, underground cables, etc. and as a history of the pattern of land use and subdivision. Although secondary, these uses are important, and should be adequately supported.

INTERLIS is an object relational modelling language and a Swiss national standard used to model and exchange cadastre data in a system neutral form. While INTERLIS was invented in Switzerland 30 years ago and used for over 25 years, in recent years the language has been applied also in many international projects founded by the Swiss government (ie. Azerbaijan, Belarus, Colombia, Georgia, Kosovo, etc.). One notable international development is the description of ISO 19152 LADM in the INTERLIS language, therefore enabling the use of all INTERLIS compatible tools (ie. UML/INTERLIS-Editor, compiler, data validation tools, data translation and schema generation) for LADM. The current version 2.4 of INTERLIS already supports geometric data types in 3D space (i.e. point, polyline, polygon). But for some future applications (i.e. 3D cadastres or BIM) some real 3D primitives (i.e. 3D volumetric type) and 3D constraints are still missing. Further, also topological structures for 2D and 3D space partitions are being investigated. For this reason it is planned to release a draft standard version of INTERLIS 3 which includes all missing types and functions by the end of 2018. INTERLIS 3 will also be proposed as an international standard. This paper describes the new features of the INTERLIS 3 language and how those new features can be applied to 3D cadastres, BIM and Smart Cities to solve real world problems.