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3. Understanding educational care farms as outdoor learning interventions for children who have dropped out of school in the Netherlands

Author

Esther J. Veen, Roald Pijpker, and Jan Hassink

Subjects
school dropout, Land Use and Food Security, Onderwijspsychologie, education, WASS, Landgebruik en Voedselzekerheid, Leerlingbegeleiding, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Rural Sociology, Education, CIMO Model, case study, Health and Society, Ontwikkelingspsychologie, Care farms, Zorgboerderijen, Onderwijsmethoden, outdoor learning, Rurale Sociologie, Gezondheid en Maatschappij
Abstract

When children drop out of school, either temporarily or permanently, this poses a significant problem for both children and society. In the Netherlands, care farms offering care-education programs for school dropouts are emerging. While there is evidence for their effectiveness, models explaining how such outdoor interventions may facilitate positive developments of children and their return to school are lacking. Using the generic Context-Intervention-Mechanisms-Outcome Model as an overarching deductive frame, this study inductively examines how care-educational programs facilitate the positive development of children who have dropped out of school. Focusing on nine educational care farms, we conducted observations and interviews with children, parents, teachers, and farmers. We conclude that the outdoor learning intervention in combination with the underlying farm context enables children to enjoy rest, freedom, tailored education, and a feeling of acceptance. These mechanisms support children to develop themselves, particularly regarding their socio-environmental functioning.

Published
2023

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