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1. Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at proton scales with an exact kinetic equilibrium

Author

Settino, A., Malara, F., Pezzi, O., Onofri, M., Perrone, D., and Valentini, F.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is a ubiquitous physical process in ordinary fluids and plasmas, frequently observed also in space environments. In this paper, kinetic effects at proton scales in the nonlinear and turbulent stage of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability have been studied in magnetized collisionless plasmas by means of Hybrid Vlasov-Maxwell simulations. The main goal of this work is to point out the back reaction on particles triggered by the evolution of such instability, as energy reaches kinetic scales along the turbulent cascade. Interestingly, turbulence is inhibited when Kelvin-Helmholtz instability develops over an initial state which is not an exact equilibrium state. On the other hand, when an initial equilibrium condition is considered, energy can be efficiently transferred towards short scales, reaches the typical proton wavelengths and drives the dynamics of particles. As a consequence of the interaction of particles with the turbulent fluctuating fields, the proton velocity distribution deviates significantly from the local thermodynamic equilibrium, the degree of deviation increasing with the level of turbulence in the system and being located near regions of strong magnetic stresses. These numerical results support recent space observations from the Magnetospheric MultiScale mission of ion kinetic effects driven by the turbulent dynamics at the Earth's magnetosheath (Perri et al., 2020, JPlPh, 86, 905860108) and by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in the Earth's magnetosphere (Sorriso-Valvo et al., 2019, PhRvL, 122, 035102)., Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures

Published
2020
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4. Potential development and electron energy confinement in an expanding magnetic field divertor geometry.

Author

Gupta, S., Yushmanov, P., Barnes, D. C., Dettrick, S. A., Onofri, M., Tajima, T., and Binderbauer, M.

Subjects
MAGNETIC confinement, ENERGY development, MAGNETIC fields, THERMAL electrons, ELECTRON emission
Abstract

The formation of electrostatic potential in an expanding magnetic field divertor is numerically simulated using a kinetic model. As theoretically expected, the electrostatic potential is formed in the expanding magnetic field, which, in combination with the Debye potential near target walls, repels electrons back and balances electron and ion currents. Going beyond the existing theoretical description of the pre-sheath potential formation limited to the asymptotically low electron flow ( u e ≪ v T e ), we demonstrate the limit of applicability of asymptotic theory and study pre-sheath potential in practically important range of electron flow [ 0 < I e < 2 I sat , where I sat = e n (T e + T i) / m i is the ion saturation current]. Results of the asymptotic theory are fully reproduced at the low side of this range ( I e ≪ I sat ), whereas at high electron current range I e ∼ I sat , the pre-sheath potential substantially decreases. The formation of the pre-sheath potential minimizes the interaction of plasma electrons with the material walls and reduces the Debye sheath potential. Reducing the Debye potential forms favorable conditions for eliminating arcing and cold electron emission from the walls. In these favorable conditions, electron thermal losses at the wall could be reduced to minimal theoretical limit of ∼ 5 − 8 T e per lost ion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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5. Extreme value statistics of positive recurrent centrally biased random walks

Author

Artuso, R, Onofri, M, Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, Artuso, R, Onofri, M, Pozzoli, G, and Radice, M

Abstract

We consider the extreme value statistics of centrally-biased random walks with asymptotically-zero drift in the ergodic regime. We fully characterize the asymptotic distribution of the maximum for this class of Markov chains lacking translational invariance, with a particular emphasis on the relation between the time scaling of the expected value of the maximum and the stationary distribution of the process.

Published
2022

7. Shock-boundary layer interaction by shock fitting

Author

Moretti, G., Marconi, F., Onofri, M., Araki, H., editor, Brézin, E., editor, Ehlers, J., editor, Frisch, U., editor, Hepp, K., editor, Jaffe, R. L., editor, Kippenhahn, R., editor, Weidenmüller, H. A., editor, Wess, J., editor, Zittartz, J., editor, Beiglbök, W., editor, Napolitano, M., editor, and Sabetta, F., editor

Published
1993
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9. Simulation of equilibrium and transport in advanced FRCS

Author

Dettrick, S.A., primary, Barnes, D.C., additional, Ceccherini, F., additional, Galeotti, L., additional, Galkin, S.A., additional, Gupta, S., additional, Hubbard, K., additional, Koshkarov, O., additional, Lau, C.K., additional, Mok, Y., additional, Necas, A., additional, Nicks, B.S., additional, Onofri, M., additional, Park, J., additional, Putvinski, S.V., additional, Steinhauer, L.C., additional, Yakymenko, K., additional, Yushmanov, P.N., additional, Tajima, T., additional, Belova, E.V., additional, Lin, Z., additional, Wang, W., additional, and Wei, X., additional

Published
2021
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12. A comparison of data-access platforms for the computing of Large Hadron Collider experiments

Author

Bencivenni, M., Bonifazi, F., Carbone, A., Chierici, A., D'Apice, A., De Girolamo, D., dell'Agnello, L., Donatelli, M., Donvito, G., Fella, A., Furano, F., Galli, D., Ghiselli, A., Italiano, A., Re, G. Lo, Marconi, U., Martelli, B., Mazzucato, M., Onofri, M., Ricci, P.P., Rosso, F., Salomoni, D., Sapunenko, V., Vagnoni, V., Veraldi, R., Vistoli, M.C., Vitlacil, D., and Zani, S.

Subjects
Nuclear research -- Equipment and supplies, Collisions (Nuclear physics) -- Research, Electronic data processing -- Methods, System design -- Methods, Systems analysis -- Methods, Memory (Computers) -- Evaluation, System design, Semiconductor memory, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

Performance, reliability and scalability in data-access are key issues in the context of the computing Grid and High Energy Physics data processing and analysis applications, in particular considering the large data size and I/O load that a Large Hadron Collider data centre has to support. In this paper we present the technical details and the results of a large scale validation and performance measurement employing different data-access platforms--namely CASTOR, dCache, GPFS and Scalla/Xrootd. The tests have been performed at the CNAF Tier-l, the central computing facility of the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Research (INFN). Our storage back-end was based on Fibre Channel disk-servers organized in a Storage Area Network, being the disk-servers connected to the computing farm via Gigabit LAN. We used 24 disk-servers, 260 TB of raw-disk space and 280 worker nodes as computing clients, able to run concurrently up to about 1100 jobs. The aim of the test was to perform sequential and random read/write accesses to the data, as well as more realistic access patterns, in order to evaluate efficiency, availability, robustness and performance of the various data-access solutions. Index Terms--Computer facilities, computer input-output, data handling, data processing, mass memories, system analysis and design.

Published
2008

14. Recent Advances in Understanding Particle Acceleration Processes in Solar Flares

Author

Zharkova, V. V., primary, Arzner, K., additional, Benz, A. O., additional, Browning, P., additional, Dauphin, C., additional, Emslie, A. G., additional, Fletcher, L., additional, Kontar, E. P., additional, Mann, G., additional, Onofri, M., additional, Petrosian, V., additional, Turkmani, R., additional, Vilmer, N., additional, and Vlahos, L., additional

Published
2011
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19. A numerical methodology to predict exhaust plumes of propulsion nozzles

Author

Nasuti, F., Niccoli, R., and Onofri, M.

Subjects
Plumes (Fluid dynamics) -- Research, Nozzles -- Research, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

A simple methodology to simulate the mixing layers that occur between nozzle exhaust jet and the external air is proposed. The method is based on a simplified model of the plume, that replaces the mixing layer with a contact discontinuity surface, thus avoiding the cumbersome calculation of the turbulent mixing of two flows with different chemical composition. The contact discontinuity is numerically treated by an advanced fitting technique, capable of tracking the discontinuity by points floating over the computational grid. The numerical method is discussed and its capability is demonstrated with validation tests, as well as with a discussion of some practical applications for underexpanded nozzle flows.

Published
1998

20. Viscous and inviscid vortex generation during startup of rocket nozzles

Author

Nasuti, F. and Onofri, M.

Subjects
Viscous flow -- Research, Vortex-motion -- Research, Rockets (Aeronautics) -- Nozzles, Numerical analysis -- Research, Aerospace and defense industries, Business
Abstract

A numerical simulation was performed to provide insights as to the origin and evolution of vortical structures generated during startup axisymmetric flow transients of rocket nozzles. The viscous separation at the wall account for the first structure while the second structure is caused by an inviscid production of vorticity behind the recompression shock in divergent sections. Results found two main vortical regions which account for flowfield configurations during startup. In addition, inviscid vortices were found to be critical in generating wall pressure fluctuations.

Published
1998

21. A Continuous-Time Random Walk Extension of the Gillis Model

Author

Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, Onofri, M, Artuso, R, Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, Onofri, M, and Artuso, R

Abstract

We consider a continuous-time random walk which is the generalization, by means of the introduction of waiting periods on sites, of the one-dimensional non-homogeneous random walk with a position-dependent drift known in the mathematical literature as Gillis random walk. This modified stochastic process allows to significantly change local, non-local and transport properties in the presence of heavy-tailed waiting-time distributions lacking the first moment: we provide here exact results concerning hitting times, first-time events, survival probabilities, occupation times, the moments spectrum and the statistics of records. Specifically, normal diffusion gives way to subdiffusion and we are witnessing the breaking of ergodicity. Furthermore we also test our theoretical predictions with numerical simulations.

Published
2020

22. Exploring the Gillis model: a discrete approach to diffusion in logarithmic potentials

Author

Onofri, M, Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, Artuso, R, Onofri, M, Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, and Artuso, R

Abstract

The Gillis model, introduced more than 60 years ago, is a nonhomogeneous random walk with a position-dependent drift. Though parsimoniously cited both in physical and mathematical literature, it provides one of the very few examples of a stochastic system allowing for a number of exact results, although lacking translational invariance. We present old and novel results for this model, which moreover we show represents a discrete version of a diffusive particle in the presence of a logarithmic potential.

Published
2020

23. Statistics of occupation times and connection to local properties of nonhomogeneous random walks

Author

Radice, M, Onofri, M, Artuso, R, Pozzoli, G, Radice, M, Onofri, M, Artuso, R, and Pozzoli, G

Abstract

We consider the statistics of occupation times, the number of visits at the origin, and the survival probability for a wide class of stochastic processes, which can be classified as renewal processes. We show that the distribution of these observables can be characterized by a single exponent, that is connected to a local property of the probability density function of the process, viz., the probability of occupying the origin at time t, P(t). We test our results for two different models of lattice random walks with spatially inhomogeneous transition probabilities, one of which of non-Markovian nature, and find good agreement with theory. We also show that the distributions depend only on the occupation probability of the origin by comparing them for the two systems: When P(t) shows the same long-time behavior, each observable follows indeed the same distribution.

Published
2020

24. Analysis of unsteady supersonic viscous flows by a shock-fitting technique

Author

Nasuti, F. and Onofri, M.

Subjects
Aerodynamics, Supersonic -- Research, Shock waves -- Research, Viscous flow -- Observations, Curve fitting -- Usage, Aerospace and defense industries, Business
Abstract

An extended robust version of G. Moretti's classical shock-fitting technique provides automatic treatment of flow structures and solves complicated unsteady supersonic viscous flows. An algorithm for fitting of shocks and contact discontinuities is presented which uses a lambda-based Navier-Stokes solver. Application of the algorithm to selected test cases demonstrates the technique's capability to provide accurate solutions.

Published
1996

25. A multicenter Italian randomised study on early treatment of Parkinson disease: comparison of 1-dopa, 1-deprenyl and dopaminoagonists. Study design and short term results

Author

Caraceni T., Musicco M., Gasparini M., Beghi E., Scigliano G., Carella F., Cossutta E., Chiaro C., Lovicu G., Giminiani G., Currado I., Solari, A., Nicolosi A., Agnoli A., Nappi G., Giuliani G., Angeleri A., Moro G., Franciosi A., De Mari M., Lamberti P., Huber R., Coppola G., Trianni G., Onofri M., Curatola L., Paolino E., Casetta I., Scaglioni P., Caffarra P., Marini P., Vanni P., Genitrini S., Sterzi R., Ferrarini M., Bassi P., Contri P., Comi G. C., Comola M., Campanella G., De Michele G., Pacchetti C., Martignoni E., Piccirilli M., Finali G., Massetani R., Galli R., Albanese A., Bentivoglio A., Scoppetta C., Peppe A., Stanzione P., Semprini R., Rossi F., Castellano A., Marconi R., Fincati E., Tomelleri G., Nardelli E., Nordera G., Iemolo F., D'Asta G., Lorizio A., Salsa F., Freschi R., Meregalli S., Bandinelli S., Gangemi S., Capus L., Piola P., Bino G., Achille P., Pederzoli M., Lenzi G. L., and The Italian Parkinson Study Group

Published
1992
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26. Nonequilibrium hypersonic inviscid steady flows

Author

Valorani, M., Onofri, M., Favini, B., and Sabetta, F.

Subjects
Aerodynamics, Hypersonic -- Research, Turbulence -- Research, Aerospace and defense industries, Business
Abstract

The nonequilibrium flows generated about blunt aircraft bodies at hypersonic speeds are studied by means of experimental and numerical analysis. The structure of the shock boundary layer is modeled using a mathematical approach. An integration technique consisting of a gasdynamic operator and a chemical operator is then applied to the model to obtain the necessary flow parameters, such as momentum and velocity. The numerical results show a very good agreement with experimental data.

Published
1992

27. Numerical analysis of catalysis and ablation effects for carbon-based ablative materials in nitrogen and air plasma environments

Author

BIANCHI, D., NASUTI, F., ONOFRI, M., LE QUANG HUY, D., and TURCHI, A.

Subjects
MATERIALS, MODELLING, HYPERSONICS, REACTIVE FLOW, CFD
Abstract

A numerical strategy based on CFD analysis for the extraction of gas-surface interaction parameters from the results of an experimental campaign performed in the VKI Plasmatron ICP facility has been proposed and assessed. The implemented ablation (i.e. surface oxidation, nitridation and sublimation) and catalysis (i.e. nitrogen recombination and oxygen recombination) models for carbon-based materials are assessed via numerical rebuilding of the experimental tests for different surface conditions in pure nitrogen and air environments and validated against measured data from the experiments. A thorough sensitivity analysis to several parameters that influence the sample ablation/catalysis process has been performed. Finally, a numerical strategy has been defined to derive the effective reaction probabilities for the reactions under scrutiny for both pure nitrogen and air test cases based on the experimentally measured data. Results show that nitridation reaction probability can be derived with very limited scatter, due to its kinetic-limited regime in the test conditions, while oxidation reaction probability is more significantly scattered, being oxidation in a diffusion-limited regime. Recombination probability, finally, appears to be significantly affected by the emissivity measurement errors, especially at high surface temperatures.

Published
2019
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29. L'affabulazione elzeviristica di Gesualdo Bufalino. Sondaggi su lingua e stile

Author

Onofri, M, Ruozzi, G, Palumbo Mosca R, Zago, N, Caputo, F, Manganaro, A, Schilirò, M, Traina, G, Cutinelli Rendina, E, Alfano, G, Paino, M, Caputo, F., Onofri, M, Ruozzi, G, Palumbo Mosca R, Zago, N, Caputo, F, Manganaro, A, Schilirò, M, Traina, G, Cutinelli Rendina, E, Alfano, G, Paino, M, and Caputo, F.

Abstract

Il saggio mette a fuoco alcuni tratti dell’architettura testuale e le movenze stilistiche più salienti della produzione critico-elzeviristica di Gesualdo Bufalino. Lo sviluppo del ragionamento in questi testi si snoda su un asse prevalente di tipo logico-argomentativo, interpretativo-analitico, all’insegna di una progressione o concatenazione più o meno stringentemente marcata. Oppure il discorso si articola su un asse di tipo blandamente narrativo: Bufalino prende spunto da esperienze personali o da episodi raccontati da altri o letti; o ancora mette in atto un procedimento enumerativo-catalogico, conducendo una sorta di analisi elencativa non contraddistinta da una concatenazione in senso forte, ma da un andamento di volta in volta capriccioso, zigzagante, anaforico. Il testo può poi essere giocato sulla combinazione, alternanza dei diversi moduli. L’esemplificazione di questa tipologia è condotta in particolare con l’analisi di alcuni incipit e desinit, i punti in cui Bufalino ha saputo sfoggiare maggior varietà e originalità.

Published
2019

30. Transport properties and ageing for the averaged Lèvy-Lorentz gas

Author

Radice, M, Onofri, M, Artuso, R, Cristadoro, G, Radice, M, Onofri, M, Artuso, R, and Cristadoro, G

Abstract

We consider a persistent random walk on an inhomogeneous environment where the reflection probability depends only on the distance from the origin. Such an environment is the result of an average over all realizations of disorder of a Lévy-Lorentz (LL) gas. Here we show that this averaged Lévy-Lorentz gas yields nontrivial results even when the related LL gas is trivial. In particular, we investigate its long time transport properties such as the mean square displacement and the statistics of records, as well as the occurrence of ageing phenomena.

Published
2019

35. Una serie interminabile di specchi. Letteratura riflessa e modernità letteraria

Author

Barenghi, M, Dolfi, A, Onofri, M, Lo Castro, G, Lorenzini, N, Boggione, V, Stasi, B, Porciani, E, Bonavita, L, Fantini, G, Rondena, E, Castori, L, Chaarani Lesourd, E, Pasquini, L, Cimini, M, Marinoni, M, Frassetto, AL, Vitali, GP, Maredda, D, Raccis, G, Mura, P, Rekut Liberatore, O, Galvagno, R, Esposito, R, Ghioni, GM, Celentano, S, Caputo, F, Gallotta, G, Perli, A, Pace, F, Uroda, S, Borrelli, C, Adriano, F, Rainone, A, Cadone, A, Spignoli, T, Caria, M, Di Cioccio, MC, Zoppi, M, Pellegrin, S, Freiles, S, SIelo, F, Daino, L, Princiotta, C, Piazza, L, Daraio, M, Giannanti, A, Morace, AM, BARENGHI, MARIO LUIGI, Barenghi, M, Dolfi, A, Onofri, M, Lo Castro, G, Lorenzini, N, Boggione, V, Stasi, B, Porciani, E, Bonavita, L, Fantini, G, Rondena, E, Castori, L, Chaarani Lesourd, E, Pasquini, L, Cimini, M, Marinoni, M, Frassetto, AL, Vitali, GP, Maredda, D, Raccis, G, Mura, P, Rekut Liberatore, O, Galvagno, R, Esposito, R, Ghioni, GM, Celentano, S, Caputo, F, Gallotta, G, Perli, A, Pace, F, Uroda, S, Borrelli, C, Adriano, F, Rainone, A, Cadone, A, Spignoli, T, Caria, M, Di Cioccio, MC, Zoppi, M, Pellegrin, S, Freiles, S, SIelo, F, Daino, L, Princiotta, C, Piazza, L, Daraio, M, Giannanti, A, Morace, AM, and BARENGHI, MARIO LUIGI

Abstract

Prendendo le mosse dall’evoluzione semantica del termine «letteratura», questo articolo sostiene che l’idea di letteratura modernamente intesa, ben distinta dalle humanae litterae e non documentata prima del XVIII secolo – cioè la letteratura concepita come insieme di testi nati con specifiche finalità estetiche – nasce all’interno di una dimensione squisitamente riflessiva. Se la letteratura di secondo grado è sempre esistita, e se è verosimile che non esistano forme di intertestualità (o transtestualità) ignote alla cultura classica, è però vero che nel Settecento l’attività dello scrittore è investita come mai prima della necessità di «situarsi». Ora la creazione letteraria deve definire la propria posizione rispetto alla tradizione, alla cultura popolare, alle altre forme espressive. In questa luce, la nascita della «letteratura» è inscindibile dallo sviluppo del discorso meta-letterario: i frammenti di Friedrich Schlegel sulla poesia moderna lo testimoniano con un acume che non ha perso nulla della sua esemplarità.

Published
2017

37. Family study of epilepsy in first degree relatives: data from the Italian Episcreen Study

Author

Bianchi, A., Viaggi, S., Chiossi, E., Giallonardo, Anna Teresa, Montagnini, A., Berloffa, S., Cogo, S., Vignoli, A., Saltarelli, A., Zambreli, E., Cusani Visconti, E., Beffa Negrini, P., Cardinale, F., Viri, M., Croce, C., Fittipaldi, F., Di Bonaventura, C., Muzzi, F., Izzi, F., Pachatz, C., Cilio, R., Del Priore, D., Piacenti, A., Pulitano, P., Sartori, I., Politini, L., Zanotta, N., Tripodi, M., Gattuso, C., Riguzzi, P., Cerullo, A., Bisulli, F., Meo, R., Caravaglios, G., Buzzi, G., Magnani, F., Panozzo, M. T., Garofalo, P., Mastrangelo, M., Pastorino, G., Zucca, C., Radice, L., Spreafico, G., Laneve, A., Mazzeo, M. R., Specchio, L. M., Vetro, A., Amodeo, G., Calzolari, S., De Marco, P., Piccinelli, P., Balottin, U., Romano, V., Paciello, M., Girelli, L., Germano, M., Jussi, M. I., Lazzaro, A. T., Bellini, A., Moretti, P., Minicucci, F., Comi, G., Cavaliere, B., Scarpa, P., Gessaroli, M., Rasi, F., Tripaldelli, B., Gigante, N., Interno, S., Cocuzza, D., Pavone, L., Vanadia, F., Consolo, F., D'Agostino, V., Rasmini, P., Besana, D., Paci, C., Buongarzone, M. P., Onofri, M., De Maria, G., Parola, S., Antonini, L., Vecchi, M., Boniver, C., Pezzella, F., Colicchio, G., Vaccario, M. L., Mazza, S., Brinciotti, Mario, Benedetti, P., Acquafondata, C., Battaglia, D., Guzzetta, F., Panzetta, A., and Bacchi, O.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Proband, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Offspring, Clinical Neurology, Epilepsy, medicine, Humans, epilepsy, family history, standardised morbidity ratio, Family, First-degree relatives, Family history, Child, Aged, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Italy, Neurology, Child, Preschool, Etiology, Lower prevalence, Female, Observational study, Neurology (clinical), business
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the family history of epilepsy in first degree relatives of probands with epilepsy. Methods: A sample of 10787 patients with epilepsy with complete information about first degree relatives (parents, siblings and offspring) was selected from the database of the Episcreen Project, the largest Italian observational study on epilepsy. Family history was assessed by: (1) prevalence estimates of epilepsy among proband's relatives, (2) modified cumulative risks (MCR), adjusted using proband's age as censoring time in life tables, (3) standardised morbidity ratios (SMR), using a sub-group of symptomatic epilepsies as control group. Results: Patients (9.1%) had a family history of epilepsy. The overall prevalence of epilepsy among first degree relatives was 2.6%. Idiopathic generalised epilepsies had the highest prevalence (5.3%). Cryptogenetic epilepsies had a lower prevalence (2.1%) than idiopathic epilepsies, but higher then symptomatic epilepsies (1.5%), both in generalised and focal forms (3.8% vs. 2.0% and 1.8% vs. 1.3%). A similar tendency was detected using MCR and SMR, with the higher values of risks/ratios for idiopathic and generalised epilepsies. Probands with idiopathic generalised epilepsies were highly concordant with respect to their relatives' type of epilepsy. Considering other strata factors, risks were higher in proband's epilepsies with an onset less then 14 years of age, while sex played no definite role in differentiating the family history. Conclusions: The Episcreen model permits a variety of stratification factors to measure family risk, including age at onset, epilepsy localisation and aetiology with a large sample of more than 10000 probands and 1065/40544 relatives affected and classified.

Published
2003
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39. Progetto SOPHY: Studio osservazionale sul pH vaginale e sullo stile di vita della donna nelle diverse età e condizioni fisiopatologiche. Parte I

Author

Guaschino, S., Benvenuti, C., Agnello, A., Agnolotti, M., Agostinelli, D., Agrifoglio, V., Albani, F., Alesi, L., Amadori, A., Andresini, R., Anelli, R., Antoniello, M., Arcadia, P., Arduino, S., Atlante, M., Bagnara, M., Balestrucci, G., Barbini, V., Barletta, F., Bassan, M., Bechini, F., Belsan, R., Benatti, G., Beretta, R., Bernardi, F., Bersani, R., Bertocchi, L., Bianchi, M. S., Bianchi, S., Biello, A., Bolelli, E., Bonaccorsi, G., Bonauguri, F., Bondesan, A., Bordignon, D., Bozzo, G., Brambilla, T., Brizio, A. M., Brusa, C., Businco, F., Cadario Preti, E., Calanchini, C., Capodieci, C., Cardinale, A., Carnio, P., Carnuccio, G., Casa, A., Castagna, P., Cazzavacca, R., Chiodi, A., Ciancio, G., Ciccone, E., Cicotti, M. P., Cino, S., Cirri, R., Citterio, S., Colla, F., Colombi, C., Conti, C. S., Corazza, G., Crana, F., Creanza, V., Crisafulli, M. L., Cristiani, P., Cugini, A. M., Curto, G., Cutuli, A., Dal Bò, R., Damone, R., De Majo, D., De Nuzzo, M. A., De Rosa, E., De Valle Vietti, G., Defazio, D. D., Delli Ponti, E. C., Di Bari, I., Di Biase, R., Di Cosmo, E., Di Giovinazzo, L., Di Natale, R., Di Pietro, F., Esposito, E., Fabbrizi, L., Faggionato, I., Fanti, S., Favi, O., Fazio Pellacchio, C., Ferraina, F., Ferrari, D., Ferrentino, A., Fiscella, A., Fischetti, A., Florio, V., Forcella, G., Franzolini, P., Furani, S., Fuschini, G., Gallo, G., Gammi, L., Geda, O., Gianfranceschi, C., Gigante, A., Giolito, M. R., Giordano, A., Giovagnorio, P., Giuliani, L., Gostinicchi, P., Gozeni, M., Guadalupi, E., Guagliarlo, M., Guastaferro, L., Gubbiotti, R., Guernieri, A., Guidi, A., Guzzinati, N., Iannacci, M. C., Iannelli, S., Infante, F. E., Insacco, P., Jannacone, D., Lalanne, A., Lanfranchi, A., Latella, R., Lazzarin, L., Lefosse, M. G., Lemme, E., Lepadatu, C., Levanti, S., Liberio, M. D., Linsalata, I., Lombardi, P., Luchi, C., Lucianetti, M., Luciano, V., Maccarini, U., Maggio, I., Maggiorelli, M., Maietta, A., Mancini, A. C., Mancini, L., Mancini, F., Manni, M. U., Manuzio, D., Manzan, L., Marasca, O., Marchi, M., Marcozzi, S., Maresi, M. P., Mariatti, M., Martinelli, P., Masi, P., Masini, M., Massa, E., Matanã², S., Mattioli, V., Mazzoli, F., Mazzucato, R., Medori, A., Melappioni, S., Mendolicchio, S., Meroni, S., Miliffi, L., Minorini, D., Mirra, P., Mori, R., Moroni, S., Mossetti, M., Motta, N., Mucci, M., Munizza, W., Mura, M., Musconi, M., Mussida, M., Nanni, C., Nardi, E., Nardi, M., Nesi, D., Nirta, A., Nozza, M., Oliva, N., Oliverio, C., Onofri, M. C., Paduano, F., Palombino, K., Papadia, L. S., Parvaneh, H., Pascazio, F., Pasini, T., Pasini, A., Paticchio, M. R., Pellegrinotti, A., Pensabene, I., Perilli, M. L., Perrini, G., Perugini, A., Pessina, M., Petracchi, M., Pieracci, R., Pignata, M., Pisaturo, G., Po, E., Poggi, M. G., Poli, M., Polpatelli, L., Pone, A., Ponticelli, R., Potenza, M. T., Previdi, A. M., Preziuso, M., Quagliarini, V., Quaranta, M., Quattrocchi, G., Ragusa, S., Rainã², M. I., Regge, G. M., Rizzo, S., Roberti, P., Romano, G., Romano, D., Rossi, M., Ruggeri, C., Ruggiero, G., Russo, C., Russotto, C. M., Salmi, P., Salvestroni, C., Salviato, M. G., Sangiorgi, B., Santandrea, V., Santomauro, S., Santoni, S., Sarica, F., Savoca, S., Scandellari, E., Scarpellini, M., Sciarra, M. N., Scibilia, M. R., Scopacasa, P., Serafini, T., Setaccioli, M., Settembrini, L., Sganga, E., Simionato, S., Sommacampagna, P., Spadaro, F., Spettoli, D. A., Speziale, M., Spiga, A. M., Stampone, R., Stefanidou, M., Stefanutti, B., Stolfi, G., Strazzari, G., Tabanelli, S., Tafuri, A., Tamburini, M., Tampucci, S., Tarantini, P., Tempesta, N., Testoni, N., Testori, P., Tomba, D., Toscano, M., Trapassi, L., Tripodi, M., Vadalã , A., Valentino, V., Valieri, M., Valsecchi, L., Vassena, L., Ventimiglia, L., Vicentini, M. T., Volonterio, A. M., Votano, S., Wittemberg, L., Zangara, C., Zecchi, R., ORIGONI, MASSIMO, Guaschino, S., Benvenuti, C., Agnello, A., Agnolotti, M., Agostinelli, D., Agrifoglio, V., Albani, F., Alesi, L., Amadori, A., Andresini, R., Anelli, R., Antoniello, M., Arcadia, P., Arduino, S., Atlante, M., Bagnara, M., Balestrucci, G., Barbini, V., Barletta, F., Bassan, M., Bechini, F., Belsan, R., Benatti, G., Beretta, R., Bernardi, F., Bersani, R., Bertocchi, L., Bianchi, M. S., Bianchi, S., Biello, A., Bolelli, E., Bonaccorsi, G., Bonauguri, F., Bondesan, A., Bordignon, D., Bozzo, G., Brambilla, T., Brizio, A. M., Brusa, C., Businco, F., Cadario Preti, E., Calanchini, C., Capodieci, C., Cardinale, A., Carnio, P., Carnuccio, G., Casa, A., Castagna, P., Cazzavacca, R., Chiodi, A., Ciancio, G., Ciccone, E., Cicotti, M. P., Cino, S., Cirri, R., Citterio, S., Colla, F., Colombi, C., Conti, C. S., Corazza, G., Crana, F., Creanza, V., Crisafulli, M. L., Cristiani, P., Cugini, A. M., Curto, G., Cutuli, A., Dal Bò, R., Damone, R., De Majo, D., De Nuzzo, M. A., De Rosa, E., De Valle Vietti, G., Defazio, D. D., Delli Ponti, E. C., Di Bari, I., Di Biase, R., Di Cosmo, E., Di Giovinazzo, L., Di Natale, R., Di Pietro, F., Esposito, E., Fabbrizi, L., Faggionato, I., Fanti, S., Favi, O., Fazio Pellacchio, C., Ferraina, F., Ferrari, D., Ferrentino, A., Fiscella, A., Fischetti, A., Florio, V., Forcella, G., Franzolini, P., Furani, S., Fuschini, G., Gallo, G., Gammi, L., Geda, O., Gianfranceschi, C., Gigante, A., Giolito, M. R., Giordano, A., Giovagnorio, P., Giuliani, L., Gostinicchi, P., Gozeni, M., Guadalupi, E., Guagliarlo, M., Guastaferro, L., Gubbiotti, R., Guernieri, A., Guidi, A., Guzzinati, N., Iannacci, M. C., Iannelli, S., Infante, F. E., Insacco, P., Jannacone, D., Lalanne, A., Lanfranchi, A., Latella, R., Lazzarin, L., Lefosse, M. G., Lemme, E., Lepadatu, C., Levanti, S., Liberio, M. D., Linsalata, I., Lombardi, P., Luchi, C., Lucianetti, M., Luciano, V., Maccarini, U., Maggio, I., Maggiorelli, M., Maietta, A., Mancini, A. C., Mancini, L., Mancini, F., Manni, M. U., Manuzio, D., Manzan, L., Marasca, O., Marchi, M., Marcozzi, S., Maresi, M. P., Mariatti, M., Martinelli, P., Masi, P., Masini, M., Massa, E., Matanã², S., Mattioli, V., Mazzoli, F., Mazzucato, R., Medori, A., Melappioni, S., Mendolicchio, S., Meroni, S., Miliffi, L., Minorini, D., Mirra, P., Mori, R., Moroni, S., Mossetti, M., Motta, N., Mucci, M., Munizza, W., Mura, M., Musconi, M., Mussida, M., Nanni, C., Nardi, E., Nardi, M., Nesi, D., Nirta, A., Nozza, M., Oliva, N., Oliverio, C., Onofri, M. C., Origoni, Massimo, Paduano, F., Palombino, K., Papadia, L. S., Parvaneh, H., Pascazio, F., Pasini, T., Pasini, A., Paticchio, M. R., Pellegrinotti, A., Pensabene, I., Perilli, M. L., Perrini, G., Perugini, A., Pessina, M., Petracchi, M., Pieracci, R., Pignata, M., Pisaturo, G., Po, E., Poggi, M. G., Poli, M., Polpatelli, L., Pone, A., Ponticelli, R., Potenza, M. T., Previdi, A. M., Preziuso, M., Quagliarini, V., Quaranta, M., Quattrocchi, G., Ragusa, S., Rainã², M. I., Regge, G. M., Rizzo, S., Roberti, P., Romano, G., Romano, D., Rossi, M., Ruggeri, C., Ruggiero, G., Russo, C., Russotto, C. M., Salmi, P., Salvestroni, C., Salviato, M. G., Sangiorgi, B., Santandrea, V., Santomauro, S., Santoni, S., Sarica, F., Savoca, S., Scandellari, E., Scarpellini, M., Sciarra, M. N., Scibilia, M. R., Scopacasa, P., Serafini, T., Setaccioli, M., Settembrini, L., Sganga, E., Simionato, S., Sommacampagna, P., Spadaro, F., Spettoli, D. A., Speziale, M., Spiga, A. M., Stampone, R., Stefanidou, M., Stefanutti, B., Stolfi, G., Strazzari, G., Tabanelli, S., Tafuri, A., Tamburini, M., Tampucci, S., Tarantini, P., Tempesta, N., Testoni, N., Testori, P., Tomba, D., Toscano, M., Trapassi, L., Tripodi, M., Vadalã , A., Valentino, V., Valieri, M., Valsecchi, L., Vassena, L., Ventimiglia, L., Vicentini, M. T., Volonterio, A. M., Votano, S., Wittemberg, L., Zangara, C., and Zecchi, R.

Subjects
Sexual behavior, Vagina, secretion, Vaginosis, bacterial, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Candida
Abstract

Aim. The importance of vaginal pH and vaginal flora in maintaining a well-balanced vaginal ecosystem is well known and has been widely described. However, no systematic nationwide studies have been carried out concerning the correlation between vaginal pH, life style and different physiopathological conditions in women of different ages. Methods. SOPHY (Study on pH and Hygiene) collected data concerning the lifestyle, vaginal pH, and the presence of symptoms, stratified into different subgroups (prepuberal, fertile, pregnancy, postpartum, premenopause and menopause) in a representative sample of the Italian gynecological population (264 gynaecologists for a total of 2 641 women) with the aid of a specific Internet site for data entry. Results. A more acid vaginal pH was related to a better satisfactory sexual activity and to more healthy genital condition. A positive relationship was detected between education level and good perception of sexuality. Certain clothing habits and a higher frequency of candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis was shown. Conclusion. SOPHY revealed some interesting correlations between clothing and the frequency of candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis, between vaginal pH and satisfactory sexual activity, and between education and sexuality. SOPHY had a considerable educational impact, leading the physicians and women to consider vaginal pH as an important aspect of everyday life.

Published
2008

41. CFD Study of Isothermal Ablation

Author

BIANCHI D, NASUTI F, ONOFRI M., MARTELLI, Emanuele, Bianchi, D, Martelli, Emanuele, Nasuti, F, and Onofri, M.

Published
2007

44. Role of Wall Shape on the Transition in Axisymmetric Dual Bell Nozzles

Author

Nasuti, F., Onofri, M., Martelli, E., Nasuti, F., Onofri, M., and Martelli, E.

Subjects
Advanced nozzle, flow separation, flow separation, Advanced nozzle
Abstract

Dual-bell nozzles represent a possible solution to improve the performance of large liquid rocket engines for launcher first stages. The present paper studies the role of the second bell shape on the side loads that can occur during the transition between the two main operating modes of the nozzle. In particular, the design of the second bell profile is critically discussed on the basis of results obtained from suitable test cases. The analysis of performance and behavior during the transition is carried out by a validated turbulent Navier–Stokes solver. Geometries were generated by the method of characteristics. Results show that slightly different geometries designed by the method of characteristics yield modest performance changes but severe differences in behavior during the transition phase.

Published
2005

48. Surface-bound DNA self-assembly or enzymatic reactions toward the PCR-free amplification of nucleic acids biosensor signals

Author

Giampaolo Zuccheri, Vinelli, A., Onofri, M., Samorì, B., G. Zuccheri, A. Vinelli, M. Onofri, B. Samorì, G Zuccheri, A Vinelli, M Onofri, and B Samorì

Subjects
HYBRIDIZATION CHAIN REACTION, SURFACE REACTIONS, food and beverages, SIGNAL AMPLIFICATION, DNA, BIOSENSORS
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Single-molecule sensitivity can be nowadays achieved when trying to characterize minute amounts of macromolecules n in a research laboratory setting. The sensitivity is significantly worse when working in the field and trying to assess the presence of a pollutant or a pathogen as quickly as possible. Point-of-care testing is the realm of biosensors and the trend of research is towards simplicity of use, low cost, reliability and, last but not least, sensitivity. In the detection of nucleic acids, the hybridization of an oligonucleotide probe with its poly-nucleotidic target is monitored by changes in physico-chemical properties of an interface, commonly induced by the use of a specific label. The probe, often bound to an oligonucleotide itself, can be a fluorescent dye, an enzyme, an electroactive moiety or other functional element. Such probes impart specificity and sensitivity to the assay, but make it drift far from simplicity of use (and low cost). METHODS AND RESULTS: Recently, label-free techniques are developing in which the presence of the analyte macromolecule itself can induce detectable physico-chemical changes. The struggle is to make such techniques sufficiently sensitive and specific. In our work, we are trying to implement DNA-based surface-bound amplification strategies that can serve to amplify the read-out signal of DNA hybridization in a label-free biosensor, such as those measuring the electrochemical properties of an electrode interface. The ‘hybridization chain reaction’ [1] is an isothermal enzyme-free strategy to trigger polymerization of oligonucleotides into a long double-stranded DNA. We have demonstrated that the ‘hybridization chain reaction’ can be also implemented (making use of available software tools [2]) in a surface-bound configuration, leading to the self-assembly of many copies of oligonucleotides on a target DNA bound on an oligonucleotide self-assembled monolayer. In another attempt, we have shown that terminal transferase (a template-free DNA polymerase) can be used to build a long polynucleotide out of the target DNA that is bound to its immobilized oligonucleotide probe. The Rolling Circle Amplification reaction is a very promising strategy to produce large amounts of DNA without the need of thermal cycling or of an accurate control of temperature. Preliminary evaluations on the Primer-Generation RCA [3] show its interest as an additional strategy to increase the amount of target DNA response from a biosensor surface. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSIONS: All these strategies will lead to the accumulation of nucleic acids at the solid-liquid interface when triggered by the probe-target recognition. This produces an amplification of the signal of a label-free biosensor. Even though the amplification factors of these implementations are still as low as 10, their further development is still possible, with the hope of avoiding or reducing the need of polymerase chain reaction in the detection of low concentrations of nucleic acids. REFERENCES: 1Dirks, R. M. and N. A. Pierce (2004). "Triggered amplification by hybridization chain reaction." Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 101(43): 15275-8. 2Goodman, P. (2005). "NANEV: a program employing evolutionary methods for the design of nucleic acid nanostructures" BioTechniques, 38(4): 548–550. 3Murakami, Sumaoka and Komiyama (2009) "Sensitive isothermal detection of nucleic-acid sequence by primer generation–rolling circle amplification" Nucleic Acids Research, 2009, 37, e19. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This work was supported by Framework Programme 6 Integrated Project DINAMICS.

Published
2010

50. Low Ankle-brachial index predicts an adverse 1-year outcome after acute coronary and cerebrovascular events

Author

Agnelli, G., Cimminiello, C., Meneghetti, G., Urbinati, S., Cappielo, E., Bazzi, P., Arpaia, G., Santamaria, M. G., Tassara, R. I., Rebuttato, A. I., Perna, G. P., Gabrielli, D., Ruga, O., Moretti, L., Gregori, G., Marconi, M. K., Burali, A., DE LUCA, I. M., Ciriello, N. M., Ciampa, G. N., Pitscheider, W., Tomaino, M., Poma, E., Poggio, G., Spissu, A., Melis, A., Pinna, L., Lastilla, M., Bonaventura, A. R., Visonà, A. S., Tonello, D. S., Pennisi, G., Bella, R, Santonocito, D., Borrello, G. U., Mazza, M. L., Mattoscio, N., Garzaro, L., Pinneri, F., Zarcone, D., Lanfranchi, S., Moretti, V., Busettini, G., Bordin, P., Delfino, R. Z., Zingarelli, A., Caroppo, E. A., Puccetti, I. A., Orlandi, M., Losi, L., DE CAROLIS, P., Zanini, R., Cionini, F., Viecca, M., Lazzaroni, A., Satta, T., Manenti, V., Basile, G., Tuccillo, B., Accadia, M., Piatto, A., Annunziata, L., Mandarini, A., Androne, V. A., Traccis, S. A., Ottina, M., D'Angelo, A., Fazio, M., Damiani, L. A., Lupo, I., Savettieri, G., DEL PINTO, M., Notaristefano, S., Imberti, D., Tartarin, G., Lucarini, A., Topi, A., D'Anna, S., Saccardi, M., Paciello, M. A., Tordini, G., D'Arienzo, E., Piovaccari, G., Pesaresi, A., Amabile, G., Fiermonte, G., Gallù, M. C., Fontana, L., Ferri, F., Curatola, L., Gobbato, R., Paci, C., Simone, P., DI VIESTI, P., Tonizzo, M., LI VOLSI, P., Gionco, M., Onofri, M., Scorzoni, D., Grimoldi, P., Dentali, F., Ageno, W., Venco, A., and Grillo, G.

Subjects
Male, Brachial Artery, Myocardial Infarction, Blood Pressure, Coronary Disease, Cohort Studies, Angina, Odds Ratio, Prospective Studies, Myocardial infarction, Transient ischemic attack, Prospective cohort study, Stroke, Acute myocardial infarction, Ankle-brachial index, Atherosclerosis, Unstable angina, Acute Disease, Aged, Angina, Unstable, Ankle, Cerebrovascular Disorders, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization, Humans, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Italy, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Regression Analysis, Survival Analysis, Syndrome, Hematology, Ischemic Attack, Transient, Predictive value of tests, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, Unstable, Asymptomatic, Internal medicine, medicine, cardiovascular diseases, business.industry, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, body regions, business, human activities
Abstract

Summary. Background: Low ankle–brachial Index (ABI) identifies patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease. The aim of this study was to correlate ABI value (normal or low) with 1-year clinical outcome in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes or cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). Methods: ABI was measured in consecutive patients hospitalized because of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). An ABI lower than or equal to 0.90 was considered abnormal. The primary outcome of the study was the composite of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction, non-fatal ischemic stroke, and death from any cause during the year following the index event. Results: An abnormal ABI was found in 27.2% of 1003 patients with acute coronary syndromes, and in 33.5% of 755 patients with acute CVD. After a median follow-up of 372 days, the frequency of the primary outcome was 10.8% (57/526) in patients with abnormal ABI and 5.9% (73/1232) in patients with normal ABI [odds ratio (OR) 1.96; 95% CI 1.36–2.81]. Death was more common in patients with abnormal ABI (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.31–3.22). Cardiovascular mortality accounted for 81.7% of overall mortality. ABI was predictive of adverse outcome after adjustment for vascular risk factors in the logistic regression analysis (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.24–3.01). The predictive value of ABI was mainly accounted for by patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes (adverse outcome: 12.8% in patients with abnormal ABI and 5.9% in patients with normal ABI, OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.47–3.76). Conclusions: An abnormal ABI can be found in one-third of patients hospitalized for acute coronary or cerebrovascular events and is a predictor of an adverse 1-year outcome.

Published
2006

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