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As a key component of transportation decarbonization, the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is rapidly increasing. However, EV batteries are typically retired once their state of health drops to around 80%, usually after 10 to 20 years of use. Despite this decline, retired EV batteries still retain 70–80% of their original capacity. Reusing these retired batteries as second-life batteries (SLBs) for battery energy storage systems can offer significant economic and environmental benefits. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the technical challenges and solutions, economic feasibility, environmental impacts, and case studies of existing projects. It also explores the current battery recycling process. The article concludes with an overview of the feasibility assessment, future development trends, market potential, and policy recommendations for the battery energy storage market.

Objectives Elderly with psychological disorders are at risk of malnutrition. Investigating the nutritional status and identifying the effective factors among the preventive and control measures. This study aims to investigate the nutritional status and its relationship with health status and micronutrients level in older people with psychological disorders. Methods & Materials In this cross-sectional survey, 101 older people admitted to Razi Psychiatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran in 2018 participated. The data were collected after blood sampling and assessing body mass index (BMI) using a demographic form, the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool and a health status questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by the chi-square test, ANOVA and logistic regression analysis in SPSS v. 21. Results Almost three-quarters of the participants had an abnormal nutritional status. The results showed that the nutritional status of participants had a significant relationship with dental health status, physical activity, the serum levels of vitamin D and vitamin B12, and BMI (P

Renewable energy deployment through distributed energy resources is among the central goals of future power systems. Microgrids have proven to be an economically viable solution for distributed energy resources’ integration into the power system and benefits customers with uninterrupted power supply. In this context, provisional microgrids have been introduced with the main goal of rapid renewable energy resource deployment. Since a considerable portion of renewable energy resources, as well as residential loads, are DC, and this portion is expected to grow even further, hybrid AC/DC design of provisional microgrids can improve both efficiency and economic benefit through an optimal arrangement of AC/DC feeders and converters. This paper presents a planning model for hybrid provisional microgrids considering the long-term influence of energy storage and the aging process of converters on economic revenues. Due to several intrinsic uncertainties involved in provisional microgrid operation, robust optimization is applied to the problem to ensure optimality under worst-case conditions. Results show the economic benefits of a hybrid provisional microgrid compared to a provisional microgrid and independent microgrid. Several sensitivity analyses are carried out to identify critical factors in planning.

Abstract Background Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious public health problem prevalent among adolescents and young adults. The present study examines the factor structure, internal consistency, and validity of the Persian version of the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS), a self-report measure designed to comprehensively assess non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Methods A total of 655 Iranian school-attending adolescents completed study measures online, and 246 youth (37.70 %) (M age = 15.38, SD ± 0.50; 53 % female) reported a history of NSSI at least once during their lifetime. Results Confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed two-factor model of ISAS (i.e., Interpersonal and Intrapersonal dimensions), which were internally consistent and yielded direct associations with converging correlates (e.g., depression, anxiety, irritability, and anger). Conclusions Findings indicated that the Persian version of the ISAS has sound psychometric properties and is a valid and reliable self-report measure of NSSI.

Background: he experience of divorce affects the psychological well-being of women. Among the treatment approaches that can improve the psychological well-being of divorced women is schema therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment. Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of career couples from satisfaction and marital conflicts. Method: The method of the present study is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test in three groups. The statistical population included all divorced women who referred to counseling and psychological counseling centers in Tehran in the second half of 2019 due to psychological consequences after divorce. In order to select the statistical sample using purposive sampling method, first 45 people were selected and then 15 people were randomly placed in the first experimental group, 15 people in the second experimental group and 15 people in the control group. The research instrument was Reef Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and SPSS22 software. Results: Statistical findings showed that both therapeutic approaches used were effective in increasing participants' psychological well-being (p< 0/05), but the difference between schema therapy and acceptance-commitment therapy at the level of 0.05 was not significant for psychological well-being. Conclusions: Considering the effectiveness of schema therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on psychological well-being and its subscales, it is suggested that counseling centers and family clinics for divorced women who are exposed to psychological consequences after divorce prioritize these two approaches. Use group counseling and psychotherapy

In this study, the dietary effect of garlic powder (GP) as an herbal supplement on the growth performance, digestive enzymes, innate immunity, and antioxidant capacity of narrow-clawed crayfish, Postantacus leptodactylus, was investigated. In a 90-day feeding trial, the crayfish (N = 360; 25.90 ± 0.41 g initial weight) were fed with a basal diet (control; GP-free) and supplemented diets with three levels of GP (0.5%, 1%, and 2%). The highest final weight and specific growth rate were obtained in the crayfish fed with GP at 1% and 2% (P

Abstract Background Psychiatric patients who live in psychiatric residential care homes may often feel a loss of autonomy, decision making, and participation in social activities. They usually have few or no visitors and also do not have any purpose for living. Animals may increase the happiness and quality of life of psychiatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) on happiness and quality of life of chronic psychiatric patients living in psychiatric residential care homes in Tehran, Iran. Methods This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 70 males with a chronic psychiatric disorder who were living in psychiatric residential care homes in Tehran, Iran, in 2016. The patients were randomly selected and divided into animal therapy intervention group and control group. Patients in the intervention group received animal-therapy with a bird for eight weeks. Patients in the control group received no intervention. The Oxford Happiness Inventory evaluated all patients pre and post-intervention. To evaluate life quality, the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index was used. Data were statically analyzed using SPSS Ver.19.0. ANCOVA with pretest statistical control. The significance level was set as p

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of economic poverty in social and political participation and social harms in deprived neighborhoods of Javanrood Quantitative research method was selected using a survey, the statistical population was 16404 people and the sample size was 376 people. The multi-stage cluster questionnaire was completed. Findings showed that less than 20% of respondents had a washing machine, computer, personal library and home furniture at home. Between 20 and 40 percent of respondents in their family have been involved with at least one social injury. Social and political participation has been below average. Regression analysis showed that the coefficient of impact of economic poverty on social participation was 0.13 and political participation was -0.22, ie the more economically poor people were the less social participation and the more political participation. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that respondents with less poverty were less likely to experience social harms, conflict, running away from home, divorce and addiction in their families. Conversely, they were more likely to experience social harms such as domestic violence, dropouts, child labor, and a history of imprisonment. In general, it can be concluded that poverty in the study population, as well as their education, income and occupation, has shown that poverty is a capability and structure that this poverty has shown in access to sustainable livelihood facilities and the formation of a kind of Social harms, social and political participation has led to deprived neighborhoods of Javanrood.

Introduction: Mutation in SLC26A4 gene is one of reason of syndromic and non-syndomic hearing loss. Mutation in this gene is reported to be the second most common cause of deafness in the worldwide, after GJB2 gene. The aim of this study was to evaluate mutations in exon 10 of SLC26A4 gene in individuals with hearing loss in Guilan province. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from 31 individuals with hearing loss from Guilan province. After DNA extraction, exon 10 of SLC26A4 gene was amplified by PCR method and underwent direct sequencing. Results: In this study, 22 women (71%) and 9 men (29%) with hearing loss were found and in five patients (16%) was detected mutation in exon 10 of SLC26A4 gene. Four patients had base substitution in codon 399 (c.1195T>C, p.S399P) as heterozygous. Also, in a patient was found a nucleotide deletion in codon 399 (c.1197delT, p.S399SfsX31) as homozygous. Discussion: It seems that mutation in SLC26A4 is one of the important reasons of deafness in hearing loss individual in Guilan province.

Introduction ... [1]. Two approaches, pathogenic (pathological) and salutogenic (origin of health), mention factors such as risk factors and disease resistance [2]. Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic and widespread psychosomatic disease in which psychological factors are involved [3]. ... [4-7]. More than one-third of military women have irritable bowel syndrome [8]. ... [9, 10]. The pathophysiology of this disease is not fully understood [11, 12]. ... [13]. However, as the police officers are exposed to chemical, physical, and other environmental and psychological stressors, they are prone to gastrointestinal infections, which increases the risk of irritable bowel syndrome. [14, 15]. Studies have noted the relationship between stress management variables and coping resources in adaptation to chronic diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome [16-20], but previous studies have not emphasized the salutogenic perspective on variables related to adaptation to this disease. Aim (s) Variables emphasized by salutogenic were used in this study to develop a structural model for health indicators based on coping resources and stress management, mediated by a health-promoting lifestyle in police patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Research Society, Place, and Time Police patients with IBS who were referred to the gastrointestinal and psychiatric clinic of one of the police hospitals in 2020 and 2021 were introduced as the statistical population of the study. Sampling Method and Number 250 samples were selected through convenience sampling method from patients who were diagnosed with IBS by a psychiatrist based on ROME-IV criteria. Used Devices & Materials Research tools included the Bringsen Health Salotogenic Indices Scale (Cronbach's alpha 0.81), Epstein Stress Management Questionnaire (Cronbach's original version 0.80 and translated version 0.94), Walker Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile Questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha 0.82) And the Matheny Stress Resources Questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha of the original version 0.84 to 0.97 and the translated version 0.94). Ethical Permissions This paper is taken from the Ph.D. dissertation on health psychology of the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, code 10120709981008, and all ethical principles were observed. Finding by Text 229 participants (130 (56.8%) female and 99 people (43.2%) male) with an age range of 18-49 years with a mean of 30.27 and a standard deviation of 4.18 completely answered the questionnaires of this study. 81 people (35.4%) were single, 110 (48%) were married and 32 (14%) were divorced. Mean research variables were as follows: salutogenic health indices 33.34±9.39, health-promoting lifestyle 142.90±35.90, stress management 78.19±19.18 and sources of coping with stress 82.38 19±19.07 (Table 1). To comply with the assumptions, the assumptions of structural equation modeling including the data level, which was spaced for all variables, the normality of the data, the absence of skewed data, and linearity were examined. In this study, the hypothesized model of the relationship between stress management and coping resources as an input or independent variable mediated by a health-promoting lifestyle on salutogenic indices as a dependent or output variable in SmartPLS-3 software was investigated. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the fit, validity, and reliability of the model for measuring the relationship between coping resources and stress management on the salutogenic index of health through lifestyle mediation. The indicators of the goodness of fit of the measured model on the salutogenic index of health that is mediated by lifestyle had suitable values (Table 2). Therefore, the data were statistically consistent with the factor structure and theoretical basis of the four latent variables of the research. The standardized factor load (λ) of all selected markers for the structures in question (higher than 0.70) were all statistically significant at the 5% error level (Table 3). These results provided sufficient evidence to confirm the one-dimensionality of the selected markers in each of the relevant structures. Therefore, it can be said that the selected markers for each of the relevant structures were selected correctly. According to the results presented in Table 3, the combined reliability (CR) of all research structures was more than 0.70 and their Cronbach's alpha coefficient was higher than 0.70. Therefore, all latent variables (constructs) of the research measurement model had good reliability. The results presented in Table 3 showed that the average variance extracted (AVE) of all research constructs was more than 0.50. Therefore, all constructs of the research measurement model had good convergent validity. Also, in general, the root means of the extracted variance for each of the structures (0.43 Main Comparison to the Similar Studies Consistent with other findings of this study, sources of coping with stress, including social support, trust, religion and spirituality, stress monitoring, the ability to reduce tension, a sense of dominance, physical health, ability to engage in problem-solving and organizing [27], have a direct effect on salutogenic indicators of health, including levels of mood, tension, sleep, concentration, creativity, accuracy, expression of emotions, illness, energy level, social ability, and physical function [23]. This result is also consistent with the study of Fouché et al. [3] who showed that there is a correlation between coping resources and indicators of health and adaptation to the disease in people with IBS. The Wilpart study, which showed that [16] low levels of physical coping resources (such as exercise or health-promoting activities) were associated with high levels of anxiety in people with irritable bowel syndrome, is also consistent with this study. On the other hand, the findings of this study showed that stress management [24] had a direct effect on salutogenic indicators of health which is consistent with the studies of Kamkar et al. [17] and the study of Soleimani et al. [29] which have shown that stress management is effective in reducing the severity of symptoms in patients with IBS. On the other hand, the results showed that the sources of coping with stress and stress management indirectly influenced salutogenic health indicators by mediating a health-promotion lifestyle. A health-promoting lifestyle is defined as a multidimensional model involving a person's perceptions and actions that begins with motivating oneself and contributes to a stronger level of health and self-fulfillment [30]. This finding is in line with the studies of Guo [18], Haji Shafiei [19], Maghtaei, Vakhshuury, and Khoshdel [14], the research of Papaefthymiou et al [31], and the study of Kang [20]. ... [32]. Several studies have shown an association between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and IBS in members of the police forces [6], which may indicate the role of stress in the military for IBS; Therefore, considering that stress is inherent in military jobs and also considering the role of acute and chronic stress in the development of IBS, the importance of training military personnel in stress management strategies and sources of coping with stress and lifestyle modification is highlighted. Limitations Due to errors in measuring self-reports, the use of self-report tools may affect the results. Another limitation of this study was convenience sampling method. Suggestions This research was a cross-sectional correlation design based on which no causal results can be obtained, so experimental designs can be used in future research. It is suggested that in future studies, the random sampling method be applied in the selection of samples. Conclusions The present study showed that a health-promoting lifestyle including spiritual growth, stress management, nutrition, physical activity, health responsibility, and interpersonal support, can positively and significantly mediate the relationship between coping resources and stress management with salutogenic indicators of health in a sample of police personnel. Clinical & Practical Tips in Police Medicine Due to the nature of the job, police personnel is highly exposed to acute and chronic stressors, to manage and adapt to IBS, training personnel in stress management techniques such as managing or reducing the source of stress, thought management, prevention and planning and practicing relaxation techniques, providing solutions to increase sources of coping with stress through spiritual exercise, social support, active coping, as well as holding courses to promote a healthy lifestyle (exercise, proper nutrition, feeling responsible for your health) along with maintaining their physical, mental and social health can be effective in optimal police personnel’s performance. Acknowledgments We thank all the people who helped us in this research. Conflict of Interest The authors state that there is no conflict of interest in the present study. Funding Sources This research had no financial support.

Battery energy systems are playing significant roles in smart homes, e.g., absorbing the uncertainty of solar energy from root-top photovoltaic, supplying energy during a power outage, and responding to dynamic electricity prices. For the safe and economic operation of batteries, an optimal battery-management system (BMS) is required. One of the most important features of a BMS is state-of-charge (SoC) estimation. This article presents a robust central-difference Kalman filter (CDKF) method for the SoC estimation of on-site lithium-ion batteries in smart homes. The state-space equations of the battery are derived based on the equivalent circuit model. The battery model includes two RC subnetworks to represent the fast and slow transient responses of the terminal voltage. Moreover, the model includes the nonlinear relationship between the open-circuit voltage (OCV) and SoC. The proposed robust CDKF method can accurately estimate the SoC in the presence of the time-varying model uncertainties and measurement noises. Being able to cope with model uncertainties and measurement noises is essential, since they can lead to inaccurate SoC estimations. An experiment test bench is developed, and various experiments are conducted to extract the battery model parameters. The experimental results show that the proposed method can more accurately estimate SoC compared with other Kalman filter-based methods. The proposed method can be used in optimal BMSs to promote battery performance and decrease battery operational costs in smart homes.

Objectives: Patients with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) show poor cognitive performance during neuropsychological tests. Literature is scarce regarding veterans suffering with chronic PTSD. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the cognitive deficiencies of veterans with chronic PTSD with those of healthy participants. Methods: A total of 51 hospitalized veterans and 45 healthy individuals were selected using a purposeful sampling method. Both groups performed a simple Stroop Test and the Continuous Performance Test (CPT) and completed the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Results: The results of independent samples t-test showed a significant difference in cognitive impairment between the veterans with PTSD and healthy subjects, and the veterans had lower performances on most aspects of the tests than that of the control group. Discussion: According to our results, veterans with chronic PTSD showed lower cognitive performance than that of healthy individuals. This suggests that examination of the cognitive functioning of patients with PTSD can be useful in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of PTSD.

Due to disadvantages of seismic behavior in conventional braces in term of low plasticity and asymmetric hysteresis curve in tension and compression and pinching which reduces the energy dissipation rate, Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs) have been proposed as a new generation of bracing system. This paper examines specific type of these braces with steel core and concrete sheath. The effects of core distancefrom confining concrete of these braces haven been discussed using Finite element analysis method. The results show that buckling mode and energy absorption of this system have largely depend on the distance, and 2 to 4 mm distance causes the most energy dissipation.

The aim of this study was to discover teaching practices and strategies employed in IELTS preparatory courses taught via strategy-based vs. nonstrategy-based instruction in Isfahan, Iran. In so doing, two preparatory courses: strategy-based vs. nonstrategy-based instruction were selected. Courses were observed by employing Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) which is a standard observation scheme (Hayes, 2003). The results revealed that positive washback was observed in both strategy-based and nonstrategy-based classes and candidates in strategy-based group outperformed their counterparts in nonstrategy-based group in reading and writing section of IELTS. In contrast, nonstrategy-based group performed significantly better in speaking section. There was, however, no significant difference between the two groups' performance on the listening section of the test. The findings of the study will have implications for both IELTS teachers and preparation centers in determining effective teaching methods for the courses they offer.

Objectives: According to the previous findings, the third-person technique improved the clinical insight of psychotic patients, therefore the present study aims to examine the effect of a third-person interview compared to a first-person interview on the level of cognitive insight of psychotic patients with an insight at the denial level. Materials and Methods: In this study, using interviews and questionnaires, a total number of 44 patients of Razi Psychiatric Educational and Treatment Center with an insight at the denial level being assessed using diagnostic interviews were divided randomly into two groups. Then, the two groups of patients' cognitive insights were evaluated using Beck Cognitive Insight Scale. Results: The findings indicated that in psychotic patients with an insight at the denial level, the third-person technique of interview compared to the first-person had little effect on the improvement of overall cognitive insight and its components, including self-reflection and self-assurance; however, this effect was not strong enough to make a significant difference between the two groups of patients. Conclusion: According to the study findings, we can conclude that the third-person interview compared to the first-person interview has no effect on the improvement of the cognitive insight of psychotic patients with an insight at the denial level. This finding is consistent with the previous studies indicating that although the theory of mind has some correlations with the clinical insight of patients, it has no effect on their cognitive insight.

Objective: There is evidence for differential executive function in Bipolar I Disorder (BID) and schizophrenia that may tend different cognitive deficits and abnormalities. The objective of this sudsy was to compare the executive function of BID and schizophrenic patients. Materials & Methods: We studied 50 patients with BID, and 50 with schizophrenia participants in outpatients' clinic of Rouzbeh hospital. All participants completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) the Persian version. The participants were mach in three basic variables which had most contributions in cognitive conditions in patients. They were Age, educational status and period of illness. Results: The two patient groups had compared performance on the WCST in compared with general population (P

Infant colic is a common problem characterized by excessive crying and fussing. We examined whether colic symptoms of exclusively breast-milk-fed infants would be improved by temporary strict maternal avoidance of cows milk. This study is analytic and experimental. Sixty-six subjects were recruited during winter of 2006 from a clinic in Isfahan, Iran. Breast-milk-fed in-fants with "colic", age 3-6 months and to be in otherwise good health were referred by pediatri-cians. The intervention was 1 week period of strict maternal avoidance of cows milk while they continued exclusive breast-milk-feeding. All infants showed improvement in distressed behavior (crying and fussing) during intervention. The total recorded crying and fussing time was reduced by an average of 31%. A significant difference was found in cry and fuss time between first and last 2 days of intervention (P = 0.000). Cows milk proteins may play an etiologic role in colic. We propose that a brief intervention with strict maternal avoidance of cows milk may be an effective treatment for colic in some breast-milk-fed infants.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigation of personality disorders and personality traits in men who have gender identity disorder (GID). Identification of personality disorders can be useful for enhancement of the quality of help to the patients. Materials & Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was a comparative and case – control research. 40 men with gender identity disorder were selected by convenient sampling from individuals who have been referred to Tehran Navab Safavi welfare center. Also, 40 available individuals who have no any diagnostic criteria about gender identity disorder in DSM-IV-TR and worked in Islamic Azad University (Tehran Sciences and Researches Unit) were selected as control group and matched with patients. Personality disorders and those frequencies were evaluated with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II). Data were analyzed using by Chi-square and Independent T tests. Results: The results showed that gender identity disorder patients get higher scores as compared to control group in scales “Dependent” (P=0/038), “Histrionic” (P

Objective: Therapeutic interventions can be classified into two distinct approaches: abstinent and maintenance method. Currently, there are no clear criteria for referring addicted patients to one of these modalities. We aimed to compare the personality characteristics of individuals with addiction who attended narcotics anonymous sessions with those who received methadone maintenance therapy. Methods: This was a cross- sectional study. The participants were NA members and patients who were undergoing methadone maintenance treatment in outpatient clinics. Using the randomized cluster sampling method, 200 individuals with opioid dependence were selected (each group 100 persons). Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire and the five-factor personality inventory (NEO-FFI). Comparison of the mean scores of NEO-PPI in the two groups was performed by independent t test, and qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: We found a significant difference between the MMT and NA roups with respect to neuroticism, extroversion, and agreeableness. No significant difference was found in the subscales of conscientious and openness. Conclusion: People who regularly attended the NA sessions had lower neuroticism and higher agreeableness than patients who were under the maintenance modality. Whether this is the cause or effect of attending NA sessions requires future large-scale cohort studies.

Objective: In the present study, we investigated the attitude of psychiatrists who graduated in 2002-2009 towards Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and conventional clinical interview examination (Individual Patient Assessment). Method: We studied 134 psychiatrists graduated; half of whom were examined with conventional clinical interview and the others with OSCE. A questionnaire was prepared by a specialist workgroup to assess the participants’ attitude towards the exams. The questionnaire was initially examined in a pilot study. The findings of the questionnaire were used to assess the graduates’ attitude towards each examination, as well as to compare the examinations. Results: The OSCE group indicated a significantly more positive attitude compared to the conventional group (p = 0.03). Furthermore, the OSCE group believed the role of theoretical knowledge (p = 0.01) and pre-test practice (p = 0.03) to be significantly greater for success compared to the other group. The structure of OSCE wa reported to be superior to conventional examination in terms of fairness and homogeneity (p = 0.004). First participation in exam (p = 0.04) and ultimate success in the exam (p = 0.009) were predictors of graduates’ attitude. Conclusion: Based on examinees ’attitudes, OSCE may be a more appropriate choice for graduation examinations of psychiatry compared to the conventional clinical interview examination.

Infant colic is a common problem characterized by excessive crying and fussing. We examined whether colic symptoms of exclusively breast-milk-fed infants would be improved by temporary strict maternal avoidance of cow's milk. This study is analytic and experimental. Sixty-six subjects were recruited during winter of 2006 from a clinic in Isfahan, Iran. Breast-milk-fed in-fants with "colic", age 3-6 months and to be in otherwise good health were referred by pediatri-cians. The intervention was 1 week period of strict maternal avoidance of cow's milk while they continued exclusive breast-milk-feeding. All infants showed improvement in distressed behavior (crying and fussing) during intervention. The total recorded crying and fussing time was reduced by an average of 31%. A significant difference was found in cry and fuss time between first and last 2 days of intervention (P = 0.000). Cow's milk proteins may play an etiologic role in colic. We propose that a brief intervention with strict maternal avoidance of cow's milk may be an effective treatment for colic in some breast-milk-fed infants.