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1. Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Bacillus Pseudo-Outbreak due to Contaminated Culture Tubes Containing Stuart Medium

Author

Nergis Asgin, Elcin Kal-Cakmakliogullari, Baris Otlu, Omer Ersoy, Betul Celik, and Ahmet Basustaoglu

Subjects
Humans, Bacillus, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Culture Media, Disease Outbreaks
Abstract

It is challenging to determine whether Bacillus species other than Bacillus anthracis cause infections. Pseudo and true outbreaks of Bacillus spp. have been noted. Here, we present a molecular analysis of a Bacillus spp. pseudo-outbreak caused by contaminated culture tubes containing Stuart medium.Between January and March 2015, a high percentage of Bacillus spp. was isolated from the wound samples of inpatients at the Karabuk University Hospital, and an outbreak was suspected. Environmental and staff nasal samples were cultured aerobically, and Bacillus spp. were isolated from some of them. However, the isolation of Bacillus spp. in throat cultures of outpatients suggested contamination caused by culture tubes containing Stuart medium. We examined two lots of culture tubes used in the hospital. Although the culture tubes' expiry date and storage conditions were suitable, Bacillus spp. grew in one of these lots. A total of 47 Bacillus spp. isolated during this period were identified, and the clonal relationship among the isolates was investigated by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.Twenty-seven strains were identified as Bacillus megaterium and 20 as Bacillus firmus. Of the four strains isolated from the Stuart medium, two were identified as B. firmus and the other two were B. megaterium. Two B. firmus strains isolated from the Stuart medium and two B. firmus strains obtained from the coronary intensive care environmental samples were matched and clustered within the same genotype. We recalled all culture tubes containing Stuart medium. After another brand's culture tubes were distributed, no growth was observed. It was then understood that the pseudo-outbreak source was contaminated culture tubes containing Stuart medium.Microbiological controls of medical materials and equipment should be regularly checked to prevent outbreaks (true or pseudo).

Published
2022

2. Plant Diversity in Urban Habitat and Their Impacts: A Case Study in Düzce University Konuralp Campus

Author

Ayşe YAZLIK, Mehmet KAVAK, Esra AŞKIN, Nida KÜLCÜOĞLU, Ömer ERSOY, Furkan KOVANKAYA, Emrecan DEMİRTAŞ, and Ayşenur AYDOĞDU

Subjects
wild plant, environmental impact, socioeconomic impact, biodiversity, düzce, Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

The determination of the flora and fauna structure of university campus areas, which can be evaluated within the scope of urban ecosystem with high human population and large living areas, is important in terms of determining the biological diversity of the related areas. Furthermore, the identification of the relevant species provides a resource for the assessment of environmental and socioeconomic impacts. This study was carried out between 2018-2019 on the determination of herbaceous plant species and their definition of impacts in Düzce University Konuralp Central campus, located in Düzce Province, Turkey. The main purpose of the study is to create a resource for the establishment of necessary measures and control programs against herbaceous plant species in the campus area and for the protection of the biological diversity and strategies of the relevant area. Based on the results, 65 taxa from 27 families were determined. The families with the most taxa were Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae and Cruciferae. When the lifetime of taxa is examined, 33 taxa have annual, one taxon has biennial, 22 taxa have perennial and nine taxa have common lifetime. According to the frequency of occurrence; Lamium purpureum and Veronica persica were the most common species with 84.4%. The species following were Anagallis monelli (81.2%), Medicago arabica (72%), Poa bulbosa (72%), Ranunculus repens (69%), Plantago lanceolata (69%), Conyza canadensis (66%) and Lolium perenne (66%), respectively. As a result of the 65 taxa identified in the campus area having different impact patterns, 108 impacts were evaluated in terms of environmental (68) and socioeconomic (40) aspects. While the most impact types were determined in the impact of strong reproduction and spreading with 34 taxa, this was followed by the impact on landscape texture with 26 taxa. When the impact statuses were examined, 65 negative and 43 positive impacts were detected. The results may provide resources for the establishment of necessary measures and control programs to reduce the negative effects of herbaceous plant taxa in campus areas. In addition, it can help develop strategies to preserve positive effects and biodiversity. Lastly, these data may be used to monitor herbaceous plant taxa changes in the campus area of Düzce University in the coming years.

Published
2020
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