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Abstract The data regarding primary FSGS (pFSGS) from different parts of the world differ. While the prevalence of pFSGS has been increasing in Western countries like the USA, it follows an inconsistent trend in Europe and Asia and a decreasing trend in Far Eastern countries such as China in the last two decades. There are undetermined factors to explain those national and geographic discrepancies. Herein, we aimed to reveal the current prevalence with clinical and histopathological characteristics of pFSGS in Turkish adults. This study includes the biopsy-proven pFSGS patients data recorded between 2009 and 2019, obtained from the national multicenter primary glomerulonephritis registry system of the Turkish Society of Nephrology Glomerular Diseases (TSN-GOLD) database. 850 of the 3875 primer glomerulonephritis patients(21.9%) have pFSGS. The mean age is 40.5 ± 14.2 and 435 (51.2%) of patients are male. Nephrotic syndrome is the most common biopsy indication (59.2%). 32.6% of patients have hematuria, 15.2% have leukocyturia and 7.8% have both. Serum creatinine, albumin, and proteinuria are 1.0 mg/dL (IQR = 0.7–1.4) mg/dl, 3.4 ± 0.9 g/dl, 3400 mg/day(IQR, 1774–5740), respectively. Females have lower mean arterial pressure (− 2.2 mmHg), higher eGFR (+ 10.0 mL/min/1.73 m2), and BMI (+ 1.6 kg/m2) than males. Thickened basal membrane(76.6%) and mesangial proliferation (53.5%) on light microscopy are the major findings after segmental sclerosis. IgM (32.7%) and C3 (32.9%) depositions are the most common findings on immunofluorescence microscopy. IgM positivity is related to lower eGFR, serum albumin, and higher proteinuria. The prevalence of pFSGS is stable although slightly increasing in Turkish adults. The characteristics of the patients are similar to those seen in Western countries.

The output power of an ocean wave energy (WE) system has an intermittent and stochastic characteristic. WE output power can be transferred to the grid without sudden fluctuations when combined with a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) consisting of a battery pack and an ultracapacitor (UC) module. The study presented in this paper identifies the lowest-cost HESS sizing for WE systems by using a genetic algorithm (GA) optimization method. In this study, the system cost was reduced with the HESS cost and sizing study for ocean WE converter systems, and the battery was used effectively for a longer cycle. GA optimization has been applied in the field of HESS in ocean WE systems and has brought innovation to the literature with its optimum cost and sizing study. An optimum design model is presented considering the maximum/minimum voltage and current limits and the energy storage units’ temperature and depth of discharge parameters. The series and parallel connection calculations and the required number of battery and UC cells are given in the sizing section. The GA optimization was performed in Matlab, and the energy storage rate for the 625-kW system and the power and energy results of the energy storage units were given as a result of the optimum cost analysis. It has been calculated that 15936 battery cells are normally required for a 625-kW ocean WE converter system. As a result of the proposed optimally sized, cost-effective HESS, it is presented that a hybrid energy system can be used at a lower cost with 5548 battery cells and 2125 UC cells for the same performance and functionality.

Dynamic wireless charging for electric vehicles is an emerging technology to provide an alternative solution for onboard battery reduction and driving range extension. Because of their unique characteristic of very short charging times and relatively high power levels, high-power dynamic wireless charging systems (DWCSs) introduce significant challenges to grid integration. In this paper, a comprehensive study of the high-power DWCS on grid integration control and impact analysis into distribution networks is conducted. Due to the unique load profile of DWCSs with power pulsations and the inherent imbalanced situations of a distribution network, a control strategy based on direct power control is proposed for the grid interface of DWCS to enhance the load transient response and ensure the stable operation. Considering that the load profile of DWCSs closely relates to traffic volumes and the approaching vehicle speeds, a 24-h load profile is developed based on Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) data and a stochastic model to analyze the grid impact of high-power DWCSs in a distribution network. Case studies on a modified IEEE 13-bus distribution network are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

IntroductionSubtalar joint (STJ) dysfunction can contribute to movement disturbances. Vibration energy with color Doppler imaging (VECDI) may be useful for detecting STJ stiffness changes.Objectives(1) Support proof-of-concept that VECDI could detect STJ stiffness differences; (2) Establish STJ stiffness range in asymptomatic volunteers; (3) Examine relationships between STJ stiffness and foot mobility; and (4) Assess VECDI precision and reliability for examining STJ stiffness.MethodsAfter establishing cadaveric testing model proof-of-concept, STJ stiffness (threshold units, ΔTU), ankle complex passive range-of-motion (PROM) and midfoot-width-difference (MFWDiff) data were collected in 28 asymptomatic subjects in vivo. Three reliability measurements were collected per variable; Rater-1 collected on all subjects and rater-2 on the first ten subjects. Subjects were classified into three STJ stiffness groups.ResultsCadaveric VECDI measurement intra-rater reliability was 0.80. A significantly lower STJ ΔTU (p = .002) and ankle complex PROM (p < .001) was observed during the screw fixation versus normal condition. A fair correlation (r = 0.660) was observed between cadaveric ΔTU and ankle complex PROM. In vivo VECDI measurements demonstrated good intra-rater (0.76-0.84) versus poor inter-rater (-3.11) reliability. Significant positive correlations were found between STJ stiffness and both dorsum (r = .440) and posterior (r = .390) PROM. MFWDiff exhibited poor relationships with stiffness (r = .103) and either dorsum (r = .256) or posterior (r = .301) PROM. STJ stiffness ranged from 2.33 to 7.50 ΔTUs, categorizing subjects' STJ stiffness as increased (n = 6), normal (n = 15), or decreased (n = 7). Significant ANOVA main effects for classification were found based on ΔTU (p< .001), dorsum PROM (p = .017), and posterior PROM (p = .036). Post-hoc tests revealed significant: (1) ΔTU differences between all stiffness groups (p < .001); (2) dorsum PROM differences between the increased versus normal (p = .044) and decreased (p = .017) stiffness groups; and (3) posterior PROM differences between the increased versus decreased stiffness groups (p = .044). A good relationship was found between STJ stiffness and dorsum PROM in the increased stiffness group (r = .853) versus poor, nonsignificant relationships in the normal (r = -.042) or decreased stiffness (r = -.014) groups.ConclusionPROM may not clinically explain all aspects of joint mobility. Joint VECDI stiffness assessment should be considered as a complimentary measurement technique.

Background: the efficient use of good quality forage represents one of many ways to improve animal productivity and, consequently, reduce the feed costs of dairy farming. Between the wide variety of studies aiming to improve the nutritional value of forage, histological studies, allow for both the comparison of species or cultivars and the monitoring of tissue aging within the plant. Objective: the present work aimed to characterize the stem morphology of Pennisetum clones (Itambé IV-46, Itambé I-1.20, Itambé I-1.4, Milheto x Buaçu/112-23.4, Cuba-116-29.3, CAC-262-12.102, Roxo of Botucatu x CAC-282-18.29, Taiwan-146-2.6, Itambé I-1.5, Pusa Napier or 419-76 x Buaçu/122-11.2, Taiwan-146-2.03, Taiwan-146-2.85, Itambé II-2.46, Pusa Napier or 419-76 x Cuba-116-12.3 and Pusa Napier or 412-76 x Buaçu/122-8.22) into three strata (basal, medium and apical) and three tillers of the plant using histological sections. Methods: the material was collected in a previously established area at the Experimental Station of São Bento do Una at the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco. The materials were distributed in a completely randomized 15 x 3 x 3 factorial design (14 clones and one hybrid, three layers of stem and three tillers). The samples were collected during the dry season beginning in August 2008. Results: there were significant differences (pAntecedentes: el uso eficiente de forraje de buena calidad es una de las muchas maneras de mejorar la productividad animal y por lo tanto reducir el costo de la alimentación del ganado lechero. Entre la variedad de estudios que permiten mejorar el valor nutritivo del forraje, los estudios histológicos se destacan, porque permiten tanto la comparación de especies o cultivares y el seguimiento del envejecimiento de los tejidos con la madurez de la planta. Objetivo: el presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la morfología del tallo de los clones de Pennisetum (Itambé IV-46, I-Itambé 1.20, Itambé I-1.4, Milheto x Buaçu/112-23.4, Cuba- 116-29.3, el CAC-262-12.102, Roxo de Botucatu x CAC-282-18.29, Taiwán-146-2.6, Itambé I-1.5, Pusa Napier o 419-76 x Buaçu/122-11.2, Taiwan-146-2.03, Taiwán-146-2.85, Itambé II-2.46 , Pusa Napier 419-76 x Cuba-116-12.3 y Napier Pusa o 412-76 x Buaçu/122-8.22) en tres estratos (basal, medio y apical) y tres tallos de la planta con los cortes histológicos. Métodos: el material se recogió en una zona ya establecida en la Estación Experimental de São Bento do Una en el Instituto Agronómico de Pernambuco. Los materiales se distribuyeron en un diseño factorial completamente al azar de 15 x 3 x 3 (14 clones y un híbrido, tres capas de la madre y los tallos de tres). Las muestras fueron recolectadas durante la estación seca comenzando en agosto de 2008. Resultados: hubo diferencias significativas (pAntecedentes: o uso eficiente de forragem de boa qualidade representa uma das muitas maneiras de melhorar a produtividade animal e, consequentemente, reduzir os custos de alimentação da pecuária leiteira. Entre a variedade de estudos com o objetivo de melhorar o valor nutritivo da forragem, os estudos histológicos destacam-se, o que permite tanto a comparação de espécies ou cultivares e acompanhamento do envelhecimento dos tecidos com a maturidade da planta. Objetivo: o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar a morfologia do caule de Pennisetum clones (IV-46 Itambé, Itambé I-1.20, Itambé I-1.4, Milheto x Buaçu/112-23.4, Cuba-116-29.3, CAC-262-12,102, Roxo de Botucatu x CAC-282-18,29, Taiwan-146-2.6, Itambé I-1.5, Pusa Napier ou 419-76 x Buaçu/122-11.2, Taiwan-146-2.03, Taiwan-146-2.85, Itambé II-2,46 , Pusa Napier ou 419-76 x Cuba-116-12.3 e Pusa Napier ou 412-76 x Buaçu/122-8.22) em três estratos (basal, média e apical) e três perfilhos da planta, utilizando cortes histológicos. Métodos: o material foi coletado em uma área já estabelecida na Estação Experimental de São Bento do Una, no Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco). Os materiais foram distribuídos em um inteiramente casualizado 15 x 3 x fatorial 3 (14 clones e um híbrido, três camadas de tronco e três perfilhos). As amostras foram coletadas durante a estação seca início em agosto de 2008. Resultados: houve diferenças significativas (p

Abstract This study focuses on a model reference adaptive control method that ensures identical orientation outputs for different prototypes of a two‐axis gimbal produced in mass production. In this method, unlike traditional MRAC structures, an MRAC structure is used in conjunction with state feedback control. First, the reasons for the need for an adaptation mechanism in gimbals and why Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) alone won't be sufficient have been discussed. In the first section, various applications of MRAC have also been mentioned. Then, the mathematical foundation of the model reference adaptive controller used in this study is elaborately explained, followed by stability analyses. In the next step, an ideal reference model exhibiting desired behavior and a real system model with different dynamics are created in a simulation environment. This allows a comparison of the adaptation capabilities of only MRAC and MRAC+State Feedback controllers. Based on the information gathered in this section, the recommended approach in the article is tested on a real gimbal system, and the results are shared. The obtained results demonstrate that the MRAC+State Feedback control structure significantly reduces the error in the gimbal's orientation response compared to the reference model.

To advance the suitability of FeCrAl alloys for nuclear applications, radiation damage resistance, creep resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties enhancement are essential. A promising approach is the introduction of a high density of nitride and oxide nanoprecipitates within the alloy matrix. This study aimed to explore the impact of in-situ formed nitride and oxide precipitates on the properties of Fe12Cr6Al alloy by using a nitrogen-rich atmosphere and incorporating nano-sized Y2O3 (0.45 wt %) during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). As a result of adding Y2O3 nanoparticles to the Fe12Cr6Al alloy, the grain size decreased from 70 μm to 40 μm, and the Al–O, Al–N, and Al–N–O precipitates were replaced by Y–O, Y–Al–O, and Y–N precipitates. Additionally, the nitrogen contents increased from 220 ppm to 470 ppm. The sample with Y2O3 exhibited higher mechanical properties, with yield strength, tensile strength, and hardness (HV) increasing by 80 MPa, 112 MPa, and 23 HV, respectively. This study deviates from previous research on Y2O3-containing FeCrAl alloys by investigating the impact of in-situ synthesized Y–N nitrides on Fe12Cr6Al. The objective is to elucidate the combined effects of these precipitates on the properties of Fe12Cr6Al alloy in comparison to literature-reported oxide dispersion-strengthened (ODS) FeCrAl alloys, which were fabricated in an argon (Ar) atmosphere.

In ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome, identifying the source of ACTH can be challenging. A 23-year-old male presented with Cushingoid symptoms and signs to other clinics. Laboratory tests confirmed ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome. Imaging revealed a suspicious adenoma in the pituitary, a hypoechoic nodule in the thyroid, and pathological-appearing lymph nodes in the neck. Following a fine needle aspiration cytological examination, medullary thyroid carcinoma was diagnosed. A total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection were subsequently performed. The pathology report confirmed medullary thyroid carcinoma. When the patient was admitted to our hospital, disease recurrence was considered, and lymph node ACTH washout was performed as an unusual method to identify the source of ACTH. The washout sample yielded a very high value of 958 pg/mL. We describe a patient who was hospitalized with severe symptoms of Cushing’s syndrome resulting from medullary thyroid cancer. We employed a novel method involving lymph node ACTH washout to identify the source of ACTH production. Lymph node ACTH washout can be an effective diagnostic option to determine the origin of ACTH.

Abstract Background We evaluated the efficacy of different immunosuppressive regimens in patients with primary membranous nephropathy in a large national cohort. Methods In this registry study, 558 patients from 47 centers who were treated with at least one immunosuppressive agent and had adequate follow-up data were included. Primary outcome was defined as complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). Secondary composite outcome was at least a 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR), initiation of kidney replacement therapies, development of stage 5 chronic kidney disease, or death. Results Median age at diagnosis was 48 (IQR: 37–57) years, and 358 (64.2%) were male. Patients were followed for a median of 24 (IQR: 12–60) months. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) with or without glucocorticoids were the most commonly used regimen (43.4%), followed by glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide (GC-CYC) (39.6%), glucocorticoid monotherapy (25.8%), and rituximab (RTX) (9.1%). Overall remission rate was 66.1% (CR 26.7%, PR 39.4%), and 59 (10.6%) patients reached secondary composite outcome. Multivariate logistic regression showed that baseline eGFR (OR 1.011, 95% CI: 1.003–1.019, p = 0.007), serum albumin (OR 1.682, 95% CI: 1.269–2.231, p

Aim: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has transitioned from a treatment modality used solely for inoperable and locally advanced breast cancer to a therapeutic approach for early-stage breast cancer. High-risk patients, such as those with HER2-positive and triple-negative breast cancer, particularly benefit from NAC. This study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting pathological complete response (pCR) in primary breast tumors and axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. Methods: The study included female patients with breast cancer who received NAC at a training and research hospital between 2020 and 2024. Patients were categorized based on age, tumor stage, and tumor biology: luminal A, HER2-positive luminal B, HER2-negative luminal B, HER2-positive alone, or triple-negative. The presence or absence of E-cadherin in tumor cells and Ki-67 levels were also examined. Data were obtained from medical records to assess the impact of these factors on complete response in patients with breast cancer and axillary metastatic lymph nodes following NAC. Results: Univariate analysis revealed that histopathological subtypes, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (PR) status, HER2 status, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), Ki-67 index, and carcinoma in situ (CIS) component significantly influenced pCR. Multivariate analysis confirmed that PR status [Odds ratio (OR): 3.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57-7.08, p=0.002], HER2 status (OR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.71-7.44, p=0.001), LVI (OR: 3.91, 95% CI: 1.84-8.30, p

Abstract Background Advancements over the past decade in DNA sequencing technology and computing power have created the potential to revolutionize medicine. There has been a marked increase in genetic data available, allowing for the advancement of areas such as personalized medicine. A crucial type of data in this context is genetic variant data which is stored in variant call format (VCF) files. However, the rapid growth in genomics has presented challenges in analyzing and comparing VCF files. Results In response to the limitations of existing tools, this paper introduces a novel web application that provides a user-friendly solution for VCF file analyses and comparisons. The software tool enables researchers and clinicians to perform high-level analysis with ease and enhances productivity. The application’s interface allows users to conveniently upload, analyze, and visualize their VCF files using simple drag-and-drop and point-and-click operations. Essential visualizations such as Venn diagrams, clustergrams, and precision–recall plots are provided to users. A key feature of the application is its support for metadata-based file grouping, accomplished through flexible data matrix uploads, streamlining organization and analysis of user-defined categories. Additionally, the application facilitates standardized benchmarking of VCF files by integrating user-provided ground truth regions and variant lists. Conclusions By providing a user-friendly interface and supporting essential visualizations, this software enhances the accessibility of VCF file analysis and assists researchers and clinicians in their scientific inquiries.

Cooperative communication through energy harvested relays in Cognitive Internet of Things (CIoT) has been envisioned as a promising solution to support massive connectivity of Cognitive Radio (CR) based IoT devices and to achieve maximal energy and spectral efficiency in upcoming wireless systems. In this work, a cooperative CIoT system is contemplated, in which a source acts as a satellite, communicating with multiple CIoT devices over numerous relays. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are used as relays, which are equipped with onboard Energy Harvesting (EH) facility. We adopted a Power Splitting (PS) method for EH at relays, which are harvested from the Radio frequency (RF) signals. In conjunction with this, the Decode and Forward (DF) relaying strategy is used at UAV relays to transmit the messages from the satellite source to the CIoT devices. We developed a Multi-Objective Optimization (MOO) framework for joint optimization of source power allocation, CIoT device selection, UAV relay assignment, and PS ratio determination. We formulated three objectives: maximizing the sum rate and the number of admitted CIoT in the network and minimizing the carbon dioxide emission. The MOO formulation is a Mixed-Integer Non-Linear Programming (MINLP) problem, which is challenging to solve. To address the joint optimization problem for an epsilon optimal solution, an Outer Approximation Algorithm (OAA) is proposed with reduced complexity. The simulation results show that the proposed OAA is superior in terms of CIoT device selection and network utility maximization when compared to those obtained using the Nonlinear Optimization with Mesh Adaptive Direct-search (NOMAD) algorithm.

Introduction: Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is commonly used for abdominal aortic aneurysms, but its mortality rate remains high. The hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score, which measures hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet levels, provides prognostic value by reflecting the nutritional status and systemic inflammation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the HALP score upon admission and long-term mortality in patients with EVAR. Methods: Consecutive patients with EVAR at our tertiary center from October 2010 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. HALP scores were calculated using the following formula: hemoglobin (g/L) × albumin (g/L) × lymphocyte count (/L)/platelet count (/L). In-hospital and long-term mortality data were extracted. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified predictors of in-hospital mortality. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to examine determinants of long-term mortality. Results: Among the 162 participants (mean age: 69.4±8.2 years, 90.1% male), the HALP score was the most significant predictor of in-hospital mortality (area under the curve: 0.752, 95% confidence interval: 0.674-0.830; p

Objective The treatment of acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocations offers numerous options, and ongoing debates persist regarding their comparative effectiveness. Among these options, the suspensory loop device (SLD) is one of the most favored treatment modalities. Despite the observed high reduction loss rate associated with SLD, the treatment yields favorable clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with acute type 3 and 5 ACJ dislocations who underwent open and arthroscopic procedures using a single‐bundle SLD, and to evaluate the effect of clavicular tunnel position on reduction loss. Methods Thirty‐seven eligible patients diagnosed with acute type 3 and type 5 ACJ dislocation who underwent open and arthroscopic surgery with a single‐bundle SLD between January 2015 and March 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic data and radiological measurements including coracoclavicular (CC) interval, clavicle length (CL), and implant distance (ID) were recorded. The ID/CL ratio was calculated and a value between 0.17 and 0.24 was considered as “acceptable implant position”. Reduction loss and other complications were noted. Patients were divided into two groups: open (Group 1) and arthroscopic (Group 2). Constant Murray Score (CMS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were used for clinical and functional outcomes. Non‐parametric tests were used for statistical analysis of variables. Results The study included six females (16.2%) and 31 males (83.8%) with a mean age of 40.2 ± 14.7 years (range: 20–75). The mean follow‐up period was 22.3 ± 16.7 months (range: 6–72). The average time from trauma to surgery was 6.3 ± 5.3 days (range: 1–18). At the last follow‐up, the CMS was 89.3 ± 8.8 and the VAS score was 2.1 ± 0.9. The mean ID/CL ratio was 0.19 ± 0.1 and 19 patients (51.4%) were between 0.17 and 0.24. Reduction loss was observed in nine patients (24.3%). There were no significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2 regarding operation time (p = 0.998), ID/CL ratio (p = 0.442), reduction loss (p = 0.458), CMS (p = 0.325), and VAS score (p = 0.699). Of the 28 patients without reduction loss, 16 had an ID/CL ratio between 0.17 and 0.24 (p = 0.43). Furthermore, within the 0.17–0.24 interval, CMS was higher with an average of 91.8 ± 5.1 compared to the other intervals (p = 0.559). Conclusion The clinical and functional outcomes of acute type 3 and type 5 ACJ dislocation operated open and arthroscopically with single‐bundle SLD are similar and satisfactory. A clavicular tunnel position in the range of 0.17–0.24 (ID/CL ratio) is recommended to maintain postoperative reduction.

Background and objectives Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a polymicrobial-induced necrotizing fasciitis that affects the deep and superficial tissues of the perineal, perianal, scrotal, and genital regions. This study aimed to investigate the role of C-reactive protein (CRP)/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, which are objective markers of inflammatory response, in predicting mortality in patients with FG.Patients and methods Seventy-one patients who underwent surgery for FG between 2019 and 2023 were evaluated retrospectively. Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory results, the FG severity index (FGSI) score, and the CRP/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios were analyzed for the patient groups with and without in-hospital mortality.Results The characteristics of the patients with and without mortality were compared. A total of 71 patients, 51 (71.8%) males and 20 (28.2%) females, were evaluated. Eight patients died during treatment. The median age was 67 (56–86) years in the mortality group and 58 (27–82) years in the non-mortality group. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of age, lymphocyte count, CRP/lymphocyte, neutrophil/lymphocyte, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, and FSGI. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis of the CRP/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, the cutoff values were calculated as 183.3 and 19.93, respectively. By comparing the data between the mortality and non-mortality groups, the sensitivity and specificity rates of these ratios were also determined.Conclusion The CRP/lymphocyte and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios may be important parameters in predicting mortality in patients with FG.

The study of social demand and labor demand analyzes the relevance of the planning of higher education programs to meet the needs of society. Given this, the present study aims to identify social and labor demand in the Amazon region, through a case study applied in the province of Rodríguez de Mendoza. The methodology used was a descriptive, non-experimental design with a population composed of fourth and fifth-grade students from secondary institutions and organizations with economic activities in the province. The sample used was 747 students and 84 organizations, to which a survey was applied to collect the information. The results show that 72% are willing to study at the National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza and 38.7% of the students want to study Agribusiness Engineering, followed by Agroecology Engineering with 24.2%. It is concluded that the affinity for these two fields of study is because the province has great agro-export potential, with coffee being its main agricultural export product.

Intercultural Bilingual Education (IBE) is considered an important means to ensure effective intercultural interaction and promote cultural diversity. In this sense, the objective of the study was to analyze the scientific literature housed in the Scopus database related to IBE. To do this, a quantitative study was carried out, at a descriptive level and bibliometric type, which allows us to know the current situation regarding this topic. The search equation was (‘Intercultural Bilingual Education’ OR ‘Bilingual Education’) and articles from magazines or studies related to the topic were selected for bibliometric analysis and methodological review. The analysis was performed using Scopus metrics and the use of the VOSviewer software. The study contributes to the bibliometrics analysis and provides a methodological review of published journal research on IBE. In conclusion, this bibliographic study presents the importance of the IBE to encourage and promote the teaching of the native language that in many cases derives from our ancestors, which must be rescued and its teaching promoted.

The environmental management system (EMS) is a structured framework that entities use to manage environmental impacts, ensure compliance with regulations, and incorporate sustainability initiatives. For this reason, the study aims to identify the level of perception regarding implementing the EMS in universities. For this purpose, a study with a mixed approach has been carried out, in a sample composed of 321 students, 114 teachers, 190 administrators, 33 researchers, and 5 university authorities. The results show that the perception of the level of implementation of the EMS is at a medium level, evidencing weaknesses in institutional, pedagogical, investigative, and social responsibility management. This situation shows the lack of training activities, awareness campaigns, and educational programs that allow the adequate development of environmental skills and culture in all university community members. The lack of participation and involvement in institutional environmental management could seriously harm the effectiveness of the university's EMS, which would compromise the fulfillment of its environmental objectives and goals, as well as its commitment to sustainable development and environmental protection.

Background: Soil is an important resource for improving the quality of human well-being and creating sustainable environmental awareness. Therefore, it is imperative to protect the soil health. This study determined quality of the soils in the Araban plain, Türkiye using three different methods, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and expert opinion (EO). The major aim was to determine the most appropriate method for determining soil quality and recommending soil protection practices for improving quality. Methods: This study was conducted on an area of approximately 25,000 ha. A total of 230 soil samples (7 pasture areas, 56 orchards, and 167 arable crops) were analyzed to determine key soil quality indicators. A minimum dataset consisting of parameters that best represent the soils of the region was created. Subsequently, PCA was used to predict soil quality with the optimal accuracy using the least amount of data. The EO was incorporated to validate the PCA results. The AHP was used to assign weights to the parameters. Indicators at all sampling points were converted to unitless scorers. These scores were then formulated as soil quality index (SQI) using the weighted summation method. Results: Organic matter (OM) exerted the highest impact on soil quality. Significant variations in SQI values were observed among arable land, orchards land and pastureland (P