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Copyright of Der MKG-Chirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based cytotherapies fuel the hope for reduction of chronic systemic immunosuppression in allotransplantation, and our group has previously shown this capability for both swine and human cells. MSCs harvested from distinct anatomical locations may have different behavior and lead to different outcomes in both preclinical research and human trials. To provide an effective reference for cell therapy studies, we compared human and porcine MSCs from omental fat (O-ASC), subcutaneous fat (SC-ASC) and bone marrow (BM-MSC) under rapid culture expansion with endothelial growth medium (EGM).Methods: MSCs isolated from pigs and deceased human organ donors were compared for yield, viability, cell size, population doubling times (PDT), surface marker expression and differentiation potential after rapid expansion with EGM. Immunosuppressant toxicity on MSCs was investigated in vitro for four different standard immunosuppressive drugs. Immunomodulatory function was compared in mixed lymphocyte reaction assays (MLR) with/without immunosuppressive drug influence.Results: Human and porcine omental fat yielded significantly higher cell numbers than subcutaneous fat. Initial PDT was significantly shorter in ASCs than BM-MSCs and similar thereafter. Viability was reduced in BM-MSCs. Porcine MSCs were positive for CD29, CD44, CD90, while human MSCs expressed CD73, CD90 and CD105. All demonstrated confirmed adipogenic differentiation capacity. Cell sizes were comparable between groups and were slightly larger in human cells. Rapamycin revealed slight, mycophenolic acid strong and significant dose-dependent toxicity on viability/proliferation of almost all MSCs at therapeutic concentrations. No relevant toxicity was found for Tacrolimus and Cyclosporin A. Immunomodulatory function was dose-dependent and similar between groups. Immunosuppressants had no significant adverse effect on MSC immunomodulatory function.Discussion: MSCs from different harvest locations and donor species differ in terms of isolation yields, viability, PDT, and size. We did not detect relevant differences in immunomodulatory function with or without the presence of immunosuppressants. Human and pig O-ASC, SC-ASC and BM-MSC share similar immunomodulatory function in vitro and warrant confirmation in large animal studies. These findings should be considered in preclinical and clinical MSC applications.

Background: Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based cytotherapies fuel the hope for reduction of chronic systemic immunosuppression in allotransplantation, and our group has previously shown this capability for both swine and human cells. MSCs harvested from distinct anatomical locations may have different behavior and lead to different outcomes in both preclinical research and human trials. To provide an effective reference for cell therapy studies, we compared human and porcine MSCs from omental fat (O-ASC), subcutaneous fat (SC-ASC) and bone marrow (BM-MSC) under rapid culture expansion with endothelial growth medium (EGM). Methods: MSCs isolated from pigs and deceased human organ donors were compared for yield, viability, cell size, population doubling times (PDT), surface marker expression and differentiation potential after rapid expansion with EGM. Immunosuppressant toxicity on MSCs was investigated in vitro for four different standard immunosuppressive drugs. Immunomodulatory function was compared in mixed lymphocyte reaction assays (MLR) with/without immunosuppressive drug influence. Results: Human and porcine omental fat yielded significantly higher cell numbers than subcutaneous fat. Initial PDT was significantly shorter in ASCs than BM-MSCs and similar thereafter. Viability was reduced in BM-MSCs. Porcine MSCs were positive for CD29, CD44, CD90, while human MSCs expressed CD73, CD90 and CD105. All demonstrated confirmed adipogenic differentiation capacity. Cell sizes were comparable between groups and were slightly larger in human cells. Rapamycin revealed slight, mycophenolic acid strong and significant dose-dependent toxicity on viability/proliferation of almost all MSCs at therapeutic concentrations. No relevant toxicity was found for Tacrolimus and Cyclosporin A. Immunomodulatory function was dose-dependent and similar between groups. Immunosuppressants had no significant adverse effect on MSC immunomodulatory function. Discussion: MSCs from different harvest locations and donor species differ in terms of isolation yields, viability, PDT, and size. We did not detect relevant differences in immunomodulatory function with or without the presence of immunosuppressants. Human and pig O-ASC, SC-ASC and BM-MSC share similar immunomodulatory function in vitro and warrant confirmation in large animal studies. These findings should be considered in preclinical and clinical MSC applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstrak Angka kejadian dislipidemia di Indonesia semakin meningkat. Dislipidemia dan obesitas abdominal merupakan faktor risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Diperlukan solusi yang efektif dengan bahan alami seperti kedelai dan jamur tiram. Tujuan penelitian ini melihat efektivitas infusa bubuk kedelai, jamur tiram, dan campuran keduanya terhadap kadar kolesterol LDL, ekspresi gen LDLR hati, dan berat omentum majus mencit percobaan. Penelitian eksperimental di Laboratorium Farmakologi RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung tahun 2010 memakai rancangan postes kelompok kontrol. Mencit jantan sebanyak 20 ekor dibagi 5 kelompok perlakuan, yaitu A) pakan standar, B) induksi kolesterol, C) infusa kedelai dengan induksi kolesterol, D) infusa jamur tiram dengan induksi kolesterol, dan E) infusa campuran dengan induksi kolesterol. Pada akhir penelitian mencit dikorbankan lalu dibedah untuk diambil darah jantung, juga sedikit bagian hati dan omentum majus. Kolesterol LDL darah kelompok E (12±5,48 mg/dL) sama dengan kelompok D (12±6,06 mg/dL), tetapi lebih rendah daripada kelompok C (15±5,35 mg/dL) dan kelompok B (13,5±5,45 mg/dL), namun tidak signifikan. Didapatkan ekspresi gen LDLR yang sedang pada kelompok A dan C, ekspresi gen LDLR yang lemah pada kelompok B, dan tidak terekspresi pada kelompok D dan E. Berat basah omentum majus kelompok E (0,40±0,07 g) lebih rendah bermakna dibanding kelompok A (0,55±0,07 g), B (0,8±0,49 g), C (1,28±0,28 g), D (0,74±0,11 g) (p

Biofilm-related infections are considered 60-80% of all nosocomial infections. High biofilm tolerance of such antimicrobials towards antiseptics and antibiotics is the reason why new therapeutic approaches are developed. In the present study, the analysis of the pedunculated omentum majus's, ability to eradicate Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae biofilm from abdominal cavity of laboratory Wistar rats was performed. The pedunculated omentum majus was treated as a prototypic autogenic internal dressing. Obtained results indicate that the omentum majus possesses an ability to sequestrate but not to kill analyzed biofilms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

INTRODUÇÃO: As perdas de substância da parede abdominal são substituídas por próteses sintéticas. Acontecem vantagens e desvantagens. O omento maior é uma estrutura totipotente e se aplica, também, à reparação. OBJETIVO: Apresentar possibilidade técnica de fechamento de parede abdominal com omento após ressecção da parte muscular. MÉTODO: Operou-se dois pacientes adultos com adenocarcinoma de colo direito invadindo a parede abdominal. Foi necessária a ressecção da metade direita da parede para fazer parte do monobloco. A metade esquerda do omento maior, remanescente, foi usada para vedar a cavidade abdominal através de sua sutura às bordas da ferida. Pôde-se recobrir com pele mobilizada nos flancos. A evolução foi satisfatória. No pós-operatório tardio formou-se hérnia incisional. CONCLUSÃO: O omento maior é um recurso a mais para reparar a perda parcial de parede abdominal.INTRODUCTION: The loss of substance of the abdominal wall is usually replaced by synthetic prostheses with advantages and disadvantages. The greater omentum is a totipotent structure and can be applied also to this repair. OBJECTIVE: To present technical possibility of abdominal closure after resection of abdominal wall muscle part with omentum. METHOD: The technic was carried out in two adult patients with colonic adenocarcinoma with invasion of the right abdominal wall. Was required the resection of the right half of the abdominal wall to join the en-bloc resection. The left half of the greater omentum was used to seal the abdominal cavity fixing it with sutures to the edges of the surgical wound. Final closure was done with the skin freed from the flanks. The recovery was satisfactory. In the late postoperative period incisional hernia occurred. CONCLUSION: The greater omentum can be used to repair the partial loss of the abdominal wall.

Background. Thoracobiliary fistulas are pathological communications between the biliary tract and the bronchial tree (bronchobiliary fistulas) or the biliary tract and the pleural space (pleurobiliary fistulas). Review of the literature. We have reviewed aetiology, pathogenesis, predilection formation points, the clinical picture, diagnostic possibilities, and therapeutic options for thoracobiliary fistulas. Case report. A patient with an iatrogenic bronchobiliary fistula which developed after radiofrequency ablation of a colorectal carcinoma metastasis of the liver is present. We also describe the closure of the bronchobiliary fistula with the greater omentum as a possible manner of fistula closure, which was not reported previously according to the knowledge of the authors. Conclusions. Newer papers report of successful non-surgical therapy, although the bulk of the literature advocates surgical therapy. Fistula closure with the greater omentum is a possible method of the thoracobiliary fistula treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gefaesschirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Spontaneous peritonitis is a rather rare event, even in peritoneal dialysis (PD). As defensins are natural antimicrobial peptides, we hypothesized that adipocytes as the major constituents of the omentum could play an important role in protecting against infection by generating defensin (DEFA1–3). Methods: We isolated adipocytes from the omentum majus and conducted qualitative and quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: For the first time described, we were able to detect DEFA1–3 mRNA in highly purified isolated omental adipocytes. The expression of DEFA1–3 in adipocytes was confirmed on the protein level by immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: Our report of DEFA1–3 expression by human omental adipocytes adds to the role of adipocytes in the primary defense against bacterial infection. This may include PD, where the presence of the catheter as a foreign body and the nonphysiological dialysis solution may require constant defense measures to prevent peritonitis, a hypothesis that will require further testing. Copyright © 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Der Chirurg is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: To explore the risk factors and prevention methods of cervical mechanical anastomotic fistula and stenosis after the radical resection of esophageal cancer., Methods: From March 2018 to November 2018, 128 patients undergoing mechanical anastomosis of esophageal cancer were selected from the Department of Thoracic Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. All the enrolled patients were operated on using the Mckeown method, and a retrospective study was conducted. Data for preoperative and postoperative test indices, intraoperative embedding materials, postoperative complications, and preoperative and postoperative treatment were collected, and the relationship between various factors and the incidence of cervical anastomotic fistula and stenosis was analysed. Univariate analysis was conducted using t tests or Fisher's exact probability method, and multivariate analysis was conducted using logistic regression models., Results: All 128 patients successfully underwent surgery without dying. The enrolled patients were evaluated using the Stooler classification, with 28 patients having grade 0, 41 patients having grade 1, 34 patients having grade 2, 21 patients having grade 3, and 4 patients having grade 4 stenosis. Patients with stenosis of grade 3 or above had obvious choking sensation, which could only be relieved by balloon dilation. Symptoms in all patients with stenosis were relieved by balloon dilation. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding embedding materials, preoperative choking history, history of alcohol consumption, history of hypertension, history of coronary heart disease, history of diabetes, postoperative calcium concentration, average albumin concentration, average platelet concentration, body mass index, anastomotic fistula, preoperative chemotherapy, postoperative chemotherapy, or postoperative cough (P>0.05). There were significant differences in postoperative reflux (χ 2 =11.338, P<0.05) and scar constitution (χ 2 =12.497, P<0.05). The effects of embedding materials in patients with anastomotic fistula were significantly different (χ 2 =4.372, P<0.05)., Conclusions: Postoperative reflux and scar constitution may be risk factors for postoperative anastomotic stenosis after resection of esophageal cancer. There was almost no difference in the effects on esophageal anastomotic stenosis between embedding materials and the omentum majus, but Neoveil ® may have certain advantages in preventing cervical anastomotic fistula, and thus may have certain clinical application value., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

The reconstruction of defects in the mandible are still challenging. Despite several adequate microvascular bone reconstruction techniques, there is a need for ectopic bone endocultivation without drawbacks by donor-site morbidity. The omentum majus is described as a good vascularized fleece with undifferentiated cells with potential for bone culturing. In the omentum majus of six rabbits, two hydroxyapatite blocks were incorporated for 12 weeks each. The blocks were prepared with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or VEGF 165 + rhBMP-2 and wrapped into the omentum. For ectopic bone endocultivation observation computed tomography (CT) scans were performed, and fluorescence markers were applied. After harvesting the block, histological sections were performed with hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue staining. In the CT scans, the Hounsfield units of the blocks increased within the trail. In some sections, new bone formation was observed within the hydroxyapatite blocks, however, the histological staining showed soft-tissue invasion only, no gross bone formation was observed. The ectopic bone endocultivation in the omentum majus is technically a good approach. An adequate mixture of osteoinductive proteins is still missing.

Copyright of Langenbecks Archiv fuer Chirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)