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Background: Research on breast cancer risk factors and mortality is gaining recognition and attention globally; there is need to add more information on its determinants among patients admitted in hospital. Some studies on risk factors and mortality of breast cancer in Nigeria hospitals conducted in the urban and suburban areas have been documented. Therefore, an addition of a study conducted in the setting of a rural health institution is necessary. This study assessed the risk factors and determinants of mortality among patients admitted for breast cancer in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 260 patients who were admitted for breast cancer between January 2010 and December 2023 using a data form and a standardized information form. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The risk factors and the determinants of mortality of patients with breast cancer were identified using multivariate regression model. Results: The breast cancer risk factors were old age, family history, tobacco smoking, combined oral contraceptives, and hormonal therapy use. The case fatality rate was 38.1%, and its determinants of mortality were patients who were older (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.956; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.341-4.333), obese (AOR, 2.635; 95% CI: 1.485-6.778), stage IV (AOR, 1.895; 95% CI: 1.146-8.9742), mastectomy (AOR, 2.512; 95% CI: 1.003-6.569), discontinued adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 1.785; 95% CI: 1.092-4.6311), and yet to commence adjuvant chemotherapy (AOR, 2.568; 95% CI: 1.367-5.002). Conclusion: The study revealed that patients with breast cancer were associated with high mortality. Sustained health education to promote early diagnosis, managed co-morbidities, and access to treatment may contribute to reduction in breast cancer mortality in rural Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy has been associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Objective: This study determined the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and its determinants among pregnant women in rural Southwestern Nigeria. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2021 and May 2023 among 400 pregnant women with no signs or symptoms of urinary tract infection. Demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Mid-urine samples were cultured using standard laboratory procedures. Bacterial colonies were isolated, and antimicrobial sensitivity was measured using the disc diffusion technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The determinants of asymptomatic bacteriuria were measured using odds ratio and 95% confidence Interval (CI) with significant level ( p-value <0.05). Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria was 24.0% (95% CI = 18.2% - 30.5%). The determinants of asymptomatic bacteriuria were the absence of post-coital urination (AOR, 4.433; 95%CI: 1.462-7.116), diabetes mellitus (AOR, 2.468; 95% CI: 1.300 -- 4.684), and anaemia (AOR, 2.699; 95%CI: 1.042 -- 6.729). The most detected asymptomatic bacteriuria was E. coli 52/96 (54.2%). The cultured isolates were 100.0% sensitive to ceftriaxone and ceftazidine but were 100.0% resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin. Conclusion: Based on the urine culture and sensitivity results, the study suggests using ceftriaxone or ceftazidine as an empirical treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]