Author: "Olivier Pays" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Correction: Aquatic invasive alien rodents in Western France: Where do we stand today after decades of control?

Author: Manon Bonnet, Gérald Guédon, Marc Pondaven, Sandro Bertolino, Damien Padiolleau, Vanessa Pénisson, Francine Gastinel, Fabien Angot, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Antonin Frémy, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249904.].
Published: 2024
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2. Incorporating biodiversity responses to land use change scenarios for preventing emerging zoonotic diseases in areas of unknown host-pathogen interactions

Author: Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Beatriz Bellón, Angélica Guerra, Francisco Valente-Neto, Cyntia C. Santos, Isabel Melo, Adriano Nobre Arcos, Alessandra Gutierrez de Oliveira, André Valle Nunes, Clarissa de Araujo Martins, Franco L. Souza, Heitor Herrera, Luiz Eduardo R. Tavares, Mauricio Almeida-Gomes, Olivier Pays, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Suellem Petilim Gomes Barrios, Lisa Yon, Gemma Bowsher, Richard Sullivan, Matthew Johnson, Carlos E. V. Grelle, and Jose Manuel Ochoa-Quintero
Subjects: land-use planning, agriculture, zoonosis, Cerrado, LCLUC, COVID-19 pandemic, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: The need to reconcile food production, the safeguarding of nature, and the protection of public health is imperative in a world of continuing global change, particularly in the context of risks of emerging zoonotic disease (EZD). In this paper, we explored potential land use strategies to reduce EZD risks using a landscape approach. We focused on strategies for cases where the dynamics of pathogen transmission among species were poorly known and the ideas of “land-use induced spillover” and “landscape immunity” could be used very broadly. We first modeled three different land-use change scenarios in a region of transition between the Cerrado and the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspots. The land-use strategies used to build our scenarios reflected different proportions of native vegetation cover, as a proxy of habitat availability. We then evaluated the effects of the proportion of native vegetation cover on the occupancy probability of a group of mammal species and analyzed how the different land-use scenarios might affect the distribution of species in the landscape and thus the risk of EZD. We demonstrate that these approaches can help identify potential future EZD risks, and can thus be used as decision-making tools by stakeholders, with direct implications for improving both environmental and socio-economic outcomes.
Published: 2023
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3. The pivotal role of land cover around forest fragments for small‐mammal communities in a Neotropical savanna

Author: Clément Harmange, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Fabio de OliveiraRoque, Franco Leandro Souza, Damien Arvor, Manon Bonnet, Emerson M. Vieira, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Cerrado hotspot, farming landscape, functional traits, land cover, small‐mammal communities, tropical biodiversity, Ecology, QH540-549.5, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract: Abstract While harboring the bulk of the planet's biodiversity, tropical ecosystems have experienced intense land conversion for agriculture. Studies examining the impacts of land‐use change on tropical biodiversity have primarily focused on forest cover loss but have overlooked the ecological potential of habitats surrounding forest fragments to modulate biodiversity loss. We examined whether small‐mammal communities changed with the land cover surrounding forest fragments, and how functional traits affected responses to land cover. Small mammals were sampled in the Brazilian Cerrado using live‐trap transects. Three landscape types were identified according to the surroundings of the transects (within 750‐m‐radius buffers): forest‐ (≥50% forest cover), pasture‐, and crop‐dominated landscapes (
Published: 2023
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4. Aquatic invasive alien rodents in Western France: Where do we stand today after decades of control?

Author: Manon Bonnet, Gérald Guédon, Marc Pondaven, Sandro Bertolino, Damien Padiolleau, Vanessa Pénisson, Francine Gastinel, Fabien Angot, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Antonin Frémy, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Two aquatic invasive alien rodents, the coypu (Myocastor coypus) and muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), have taken over a significant amount of wetlands in France. Pays de la Loire is an administrative region of about 32 000 km2 in the Western France with 6.3% of its area in wetlands (excluding the Loire River). Populations of coypus and muskrats are established and a permanent control programme has been set to reduce their impacts. The control plan is based on few professional trappers and many volunteers which makes this programme unique compared to other programme relying on professionals only. The aim of this study is to analyse the temporal and spatial dynamics of coypu and muskrat captures during the last 10 years to evaluate their effectiveness. The number of rodents removed per year increased by 50% in 10 years and reached about 288 000 individuals in 2016 with about 80% of them being coypus. During the same time length, the number of trappers involved in the programme also increased by 50% to reach 3 000 people in 2016. Although the raise of coypus and muskrats trapped can possibly be explained by an increase of the number of trappers, the number of coypus removed per trapper per year increased by 22%. Despite the outstanding number of individuals removed per year, our results suggest that the programme does not limit the population dynamics of coypus. Finally, since 2017, the number of data gathered from municipalities decreased, as did the total number of individuals trapped. Indeed, although rewards are crucial to recruit new volunteers, subsidies from local and regional authorities are declining. Decision makers and financers should be encouraged to fund this programme from the perspectives of the direct or indirect costs related to the presence of aquatic invasive alien rodents in wetlands.
Published: 2021
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5. Quantitative Spatial Ecology to Promote Human-Wildlife Coexistence: A Tool for Integrated Landscape Management

Author: Daniel Fortin, Christopher F. Brooke, Patricia Lamirande, Hervé Fritz, Philip D. McLoughlin, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: adaptive management, functional connectivity, human-wildlife conflict (HWC), movement ecology, patch network, quantitative ecology, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract: Understanding, predicting and controlling animal movement is a fundamental problem of conservation and management ecology. The need to mitigate human-wildlife conflicts, such as crop raiding by large herbivores, is becoming increasingly urgent. Because of the substantial costs or the possibility of unsuitable outcomes on wildlife, managers are often encouraged to deploy interventions that can achieve their objective while minimizing the impact on animal populations. We propose an adaptive management framework that can identify cost-effective solutions to reduce human-wildlife conflicts, while also minimizing constraints on animal movement and distribution. We focus on conflicts involving animals for which conflict zones occupy only a portion of their home-range. The adaptive management approach includes four basic steps: define and spatialize conflict areas, predict animal distribution from functional connectivity and patch residency time, predict the impact of management actions on animal distribution, and test predictions and revise predictive models. Key to the process is development of a mathematical model that can predict how habitat-animal interactions shape animal movement dynamics within patch networks. In our model, networks consist of a set of high-quality patches connected by links (i.e., potential inter-patch movements). Inter-patch movement rules and determinants of patch residency time need to be determined empirically. These data then provide information to parameterize a reaction-advection-diffusion model that can predict animal distribution dynamics given habitat features and movement taxis toward (or against) conflict areas depending on management actions. Illustrative simulations demonstrate how quantitative predictions can be used to make spatial adjustments in management interventions (e.g., length of diversionary fences) with respect of conflict areas. Simulations also show that the impact of multiple interventions cannot be considered as simply having additive effect, and their relative impact on animal equilibrium distribution depends on how they are added and deployed across the network. Following the principles of adaptive, integrated landscape management, the predictive model should be revised as monitoring provides new information about the response of animals to the set of interventions. We contend that the proposed quantitative approach provides a robust framework to find cost-effective strategy toward sustainable human-wildlife conflicts.
Published: 2020
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6. A network of monitoring networks for evaluating biodiversity conservation effectiveness in Brazilian protected areas

Author: Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Marcio Uehara-Prado, Francisco Valente-Neto, Jose Manuel Ochoa Quintero, Katia Torres Ribeiro, Marlucia Bonifacio Martins, Marcelo Gonçalves de Lima, Franco L. Souza, Erich Fischer, Urbano Lopes da Silva, Jr., Françoise Yoko Ishida, Andrew Gray-Spence, João Onofre Pereira Pinto, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Clarissa de Araujo Martins, Pierre Cyril Renaud, Olivier Pays, and William E. Magnusson
Subjects: Biomonitoring, Conservation biology, Environmental organizations, Fuzzy logic, Ecology, QH540-549.5, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract: The necessity to create national to global-scale biodiversity monitoring systems as part of assessing progress toward biodiversity agendas presents a challenge for signatory countries. This is a brief review of ongoing Brazilian national initiatives that would allow the construction of a general biomonitoring network scheme in protected areas; with additional focus on linking independent monitoring schemes. We discuss some key aspects needed to include monitoring schemes under a single framework that will lead to better evaluation of pressure–state–response indicators for managing biodiversity at several scales; and we point out the potential of embracing citizen science and participatory monitoring to quantify some aspects within those schemes.
Published: 2018
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7. Integrated Landscape Change Analysis of Protected Areas and their Surrounding Landscapes: Application in the Brazilian Cerrado

Author: Beatriz Bellón, Julien Blanco, Alta De Vos, Fabio de O. Roque, Olivier Pays, and Pierre-Cyril Renaud
Subjects: conservation units, interface areas, landscape approach, land use and land cover change, vegetation dynamics, NDVI-based landscape metrics, Science
Abstract: Remote sensing tools have been long used to monitor landscape dynamics inside and around protected areas. Hereto, scientists have largely relied on land use and land cover (LULC) data to derive indicators for monitoring these dynamics, but these metrics do not capture changes in the state of vegetation surfaces that may compromise the ecological integrity of conservation areas’ landscapes. Here, we introduce a methodology that combines LULC change estimates with three Normalized Difference Vegetation Index-based proxy indicators of vegetation productivity, phenology, and structural change. We illustrate the utility of this methodology through a regional and local analysis of the landscape dynamics in the Cerrado Biome in Brazil in 2001 and 2016. Despite relatively little natural vegetation loss inside core protected areas and their legal buffer zones, the different indicators revealed significant LULC conversions from natural vegetation to farming land, general productivity loss, homogenization of natural forests, significant agricultural expansion, and a general increase in productivity. These results suggest an overall degradation of habitats and intensification of land use in the studied conservation area network, highlighting serious conservation inefficiencies in this region and stressing the importance of integrated landscape change analyses to provide complementary indicators of ecologically-relevant dynamics in these key conservation areas.
Published: 2020
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8. Action-orientated research and framework: insights from the French long-term social-ecological research network

Author: Vincent Bretagnolle, Marc Benoit, Mathieu Bonnefond, Vincent Breton, Jon M. Church, Sabrina Gaba, Daniel Gilbert, François Gillet, Sandrine Glatron, Chloé Guerbois, Nicolas Lamouroux, Marc Lebouvier, Camille Mazé, Jean-Marie Mouchel, Annie Ouin, Olivier Pays, Christophe Piscart, Olivier Ragueneau, Sylvie Servain, Thomas Spiegelberger, and Hervé Fritz
Subjects: adaptive governance, ecosystem services, landscape, lter, management, practices, research infrastructure, social-ecological systems, sustainability, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Many social-ecological system(SES)-based approaches have been proposed to address environmental problems. Most social-ecological frameworks developed to date, however, lack clear operational linkages between humans and nature to efficiently guide SESs toward resilience. A conceptual framework designed to be operational is therefore necessary, as well as a network of research platforms with which to apply it. We defined explicit coupling processes that can be used as leverages to pilot an SES toward sustainability. We proposed to formalize an SES as a dynamic entity composed of two coupling interfaces, i.e., adaptive management and ecosystem services, both set within a landscape context to provide an actionable framework. These interfaces describe the way various actors, including scholars, benefit from and manage complex and changing interactions between the biophysical and social templates. Understanding the key processes underlying the interaction dynamics, especially those leveraging adaptive management processes, would help identify adaptive pathways for practices and collective actions, provide a crucial knowledge base for policy makers, and foster operationality as a requisite of an SES research agenda. Using several examples, we explained why long-term social-ecological research platforms provide an ideal operational network of research infrastructures to conduct place-based action-orientated research targeting the sustainability of SESs.
Published: 2019
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9. Increased Exploration Capacity Promotes Group Fission in Gregarious Foraging Herbivores.

Author: Sophie Lardy, Daniel Fortin, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Many gregarious species display rapid fission-fusion dynamics with individuals frequently leaving their groups to reunite or to form new ones soon after. The adaptive value of such ephemeral associations might reflect a frequent tilt in the balance between the costs and benefits of maintaining group cohesion. The lack of information on the short-term advantages of group fission, however, hampers our understanding of group dynamics. We investigated the effect of group fission on area-restricted search, a search tactic that is commonly used when food distribution is spatially autocorrelated. Specifically, we determine if roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) improve key aspects of their extensive search mode immediately after fission. We found that groups indeed moved faster and farther over time immediately after than before fission. This gain was highest for the smallest group that resulted from fission, which was more likely to include the fission's initiator. Sex of group members further mediated the immediate gain in search capacity, as post-fission groups moved away at farthest rate when they were only comprised of males. Our study suggests that social conflicts during the extensive search mode can promote group fission and, as such, can be a key determinant of group fission-fusion dynamics that are commonly observed in gregarious herbivores.
Published: 2016
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10. Short-term behavioural responses of impalas in simulated antipredator and social contexts.

Author: François-René Favreau, Olivier Pays, Anne W Goldizen, and Hervé Fritz
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Prey animals often have to trade off foraging against vigilance. However, vigilance is costly and individuals are expected to adjust their vigilance and its cost in relation to social cues and their predation risk. To test this, we conducted playback experiments in the field to study how lions' (Panthera leo) roars and male impalas' (Aepyceros melampus) territorial vocalizations affected the vigilance and foraging behaviours as well as movements of female impalas. Our results show that impalas adjusted their activities in different ways depending on the vocalizations broadcast. After lions' roars were played, female impalas increased their vigilance activity (in particular increasing their high-cost vigilance--vigilance without chewing), decreased their bite rates and increased their movements, whereas male impalas' vocalizations caused females to decrease their vigilance (decreasing their low-cost vigilance--vigilance while chewing) and increase their movements without affecting their bite rates. Therefore, it appears that predators' vocalizations stimulate anti-predator behaviours such as vigilance and movement at the expense of foraging, whereas males' vocalizations increase individuals' displacements at the expense of vigilance. Overall, this study shows that both predator and social cues have direct effects on the behaviour of gregarious prey and need to be considered in future studies.
Published: 2013
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11. Investigating differences in vigilance tactic use within and between the sexes in eastern grey kangaroos.

Author: Guillaume Rieucau, Pierrick Blanchard, Julien G A Martin, François-René Favreau, Anne W Goldizen, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Aggregation is thought to enhance an animal's security through effective predator detection and the dilution of risk. A decline in individual vigilance as group size increases is commonly reported in the literature and called the group size effect. However, to date, most of the research has only been directed toward examining whether this effect occurs at the population level. Few studies have explored the specific contributions of predator detection and risk dilution and the basis of individual differences in the use of vigilance tactics. We tested whether male and female (non-reproductive or with young) eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) adopted different vigilance tactics when in mixed-sex groups and varied in their reliance on predator detection and/or risk dilution as group size changed. This species exhibits pronounced sexual dimorphism with females being much smaller than males, making them differentially vulnerable toward predators. We combined field observations with vigilance models describing the effects of detection and dilution on scanning rates as group size increased. We found that females with and without juveniles relied on predator detection and risk dilution, but the latter adjusted their vigilance to the proportion of females with juveniles within their group. Two models appeared to equally support the data for males suggesting that males, similarly to females, relied on predator detection and risk dilution but may also have adjusted their vigilance according to the proportion of mothers within their group. Differential vulnerability may cause sex differences in vigilance tactic use in this species. The presence of males within a group that do not, or only partially, contribute to predator detection and are less at risk may cause additional security costs to females. Our results call for reexamination of the classical view of the safety advantages of grouping to provide a more detailed functional interpretation of gregariousness.
Published: 2012
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12. Local extinction in the bird assemblage in the greater Beijing area from 1877 to 2006.

Author: Philippe Chouteau, Zhigang Jiang, Benjamin D Bravery, Jing Cai, Zhongqiu Li, Miguel Pedrono, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Recent growth in industrialization and the modernization of agricultural activities, combined with human population growth, has greatly modified China's natural environment, particularly in the vicinity of large cities. We compared avifauna checklists made between 1877 and 1938 with current checklists to determine the extent of local bird extinctions during the last century in the greater Beijing area. Our study shows that of the 411 bird species recorded from 1877-1938, 45 (10.9%) were no longer recorded from 2004-2006. Birds recorded as 'rare' in 1938 were more likely to have disappeared in subsequent years. Migrant status also influenced the probability of local bird extinction with winter migrants being the most affected class. Moreover, larger birds were more likely to have disappeared than smaller ones, potentially explained by differential ecological requirements and anthropogenic exploitation. Although our habitat descriptions and diet classification were not predictors of local bird extinction, the ecological processes driving local bird extinction are discussed in the light of historical changes that have impacted this region since the end of the 1930 s. Our results are of importance to the broader conservation of bird wildlife.
Published: 2012
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13. Correction: Investigating Differences in Vigilance Tactic Use within and between the Sexes in Eastern Grey Kangaroos.

Author: Guillaume Rieucau, Pierrick Blanchard, Julien G. A. Martin, François-René Favreau, Anne W. Goldizen, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Published: 2012
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14. Group dynamics and landscape features constrain the exploration of herds in fusion-fission societies: the case of European roe deer.

Author: Olivier Pays, Daniel Fortin, Jean Gassani, and Jean Duchesne
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Despite the large number of movement studies, the constraints that grouping imposes on movement decisions remain essentially unexplored, even for highly social species. Such constraints could be key, however, to understanding the dynamics and spatial organisation of species living in group fusion-fission systems. We investigated the winter movements (speed and diffusion coefficient) of groups of free-ranging roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), in an agricultural landscape characterised by a mosaic of food and foodless patches. Most groups were short-lived units that merged and split up frequently during the course of a day. Deer groups decreased their speed and diffusion rate in areas where food patches were abundant, as well as when travelling close to main roads and crest lines and far from forests. While accounting for these behavioural adjustments to habitat features, our study revealed some constraints imposed by group foraging: large groups reached the limit of their diffusion rate faster than small groups. The ability of individuals to move rapidly to new foraging locations following patch depression thus decreases with group size. Our results highlight the importance of considering both habitat heterogeneity and group dynamics when predicting the movements of individuals in group fusion-fission societies. Further, we provide empirical evidence that group cohesion can restrain movement and, therefore, the speed at which group members can explore their environment. When maintaining cohesion reduces foraging gains because of movement constraints, leaving the group may become a fitness-rewarding decision, especially when individuals can join other groups located nearby, which would tend to maintain highly dynamical group fusion-fission systems. Our findings also provide the basis for new hypotheses explaining a broad range of ecological patterns, such as the broader diet and longer residency time reported for larger herbivore groups.
Published: 2012
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15. Biodiversity responses to forest cover loss: taxonomy and metrics matter

Author: Clarissa de Araujo Martins, Olivier Pays, Franco L. Souza, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Francisco Valente-Neto, Mauricio Silveira, Jose Ochoa-Quintero, Diogo B. Provete, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Isabel Melo, Marciel Elio Rodrigues, Samuel Duleba, André Valle Nunes, Oriana DJ. Ceballos-Rivera, and Fabio de Oliveira Roque
Abstract: The actions required for biodiversity conservation depend on species responses to habitat loss, which may be either neutral, linear, or non-linear. Here, we tested how taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of aquatic insects, dragonflies, frogs, and terrestrial mammals, as well as their species composition respond to forest cover loss. We hypothesized that taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity would respond nonlinearly (thresholds) to forest cover loss. Our findings do not support the current idea that a single threshold value of forest cover loss is applicable across tropical regions, or that some biodiversity facets are consistently more sensitive than others across different taxa. Species compositional responses to forest cover loss showed general patterns with thresholds between 30-50%. These results highlight the importance to consider multiple biodiversity facets when assessing the effects of forest cover loss on biological communities.
Published: 2023

16. The scale of effect depends on operational definition of forest cover—evidence from terrestrial mammals of the Brazilian savanna

Author: Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Clément Harmange, Olivier Pays, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Hervé Fritz, Jean Paul Metzger, Beatriz Bellón, Damien Arvor, Jeffrey D. Holland, Isabel Melo, Franco L. Souza, Christophe Amiot, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Reconciling Ecological and Human Adaptations for Biosphere Sustainability (REHABS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Rennes), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Purdue University [West Lafayette], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Biodiversité dans l’Anthropocène - Dynamique, Fonction & Gestion (BIODIVAG), Université d'Angers (UA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Reconciling Ecological and Human Adaptations for a Biosphere-based Sustainability (REHABS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], and Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Occupancy, Geography, Planning and Development, Context (language use), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Mammal, Multi-scale model, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Herbivore, Tree cover, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Spatial scale, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Habitat, MAMÍFEROS TERRESTRES, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Spatial ecology, Camera trap, Environmental science, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Landscape ecology, Scale of response, Scale (map), Brazil
Abstract: International audience; Context: Determining the appropriate scale at which to study species’ interactions with their environment is a great challenge.Objective: We investigated the spatial extent at which landscape structure affects the occurrence of four species of terrestrial mammalian herbivores in the Brazilian savannas and examined whether those scales could be explained by species ecological traits and how forest habitat was operationally defined.Methods: Using maps of forest cover, camera trapping and occupancy modelling, we determined the relations between three landscape metrics (percentage of forest cover, patch density and edge density) and the occurrence of four species. To determine the optimal scale of effect for each species, we computed landscape metrics at different spatial extents (from 0.5 to 10 km radius) from camera trap locations and for three forest maps, each using different operational definitions of a forest pixel: minimum of tree cover of 25, 50 or 75%.Results: The occupancy models revealed scales of effect of 0.5 to 2 km with the scale of effect being similar among three of the species. However, the probability of a scale of effect being detected depended upon how forest is operationally defined, being greater when forest was defined with greater tree cover, particularly for forest-specialist species.Conclusions: Besides biological traits, the way habitat is operationally defined shapes our ability to detect the scale of effects. Thus, it is necessary not to adopt a multi-scale approach, but also to use multiple operational definitions of habitat, considering particularities of how each species interact with their environment.
Published: 2021

17. Conservation overstretch and long-term decline of wildlife and tourism in the Central African savannas

Author: Patrick Tadjo, Paul Scholte, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Mark Moritz, Herbert H. T. Prins, Bertrand Chardonnet, Saleh Adam, Olivier Pays, Hervé Fritz, and Jean-Baptiste Mamang
Subjects: Conservation of Natural Resources, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Wildlife, Animal Sciences Desk, Animals, Wild, Tourism, Scarcity, Set-aside, Bureau Dierwetenschappen, Life Science, Animals, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, Nature and Landscape Conservation, media_common, Herbivore, education.field_of_study, Ecology, National park, Agroforestry, PE&RC, Grassland, Geography, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Protected area
Abstract: When in 2010 the world's governments pledged to increase protected area coverage to 17% of the world's land surface, several Central African countries had already set aside 25% of their northern savannas for conservation. To evaluate the effectiveness of this commitment, we analyzed the results of 68 multispecies surveys conducted in the seven main savanna national parks in Central Africa (1960-2017). We also assembled information on potential drivers of large herbivore population trends (rainfall and number of rangers) and on tourist numbers and revenues. In six out of the seven parks, wild large herbivore populations declined dramatically over time, livestock numbers increased severalfold, and tourism, the pillar under a once thriving local wildlife industry, collapsed. Zakouma National Park (Chad) stood out because its large herbivore populations increased, an increase that was positively correlated with rainfall and number of rangers (a proxy for management inputs). With increasing insecurity and declining revenues, governments find themselves confronted with too few resources to protect vast areas. To deal with this conversation overstretch, we propose to extend the repeatedly promoted solutions--scaled up funding, enhanced management--with a strategic retreat, focusing scarce resources on smaller areas to save wildlife in the Central African savannas.Sobredimensionamiento de la Conservación y la Declinación a Largo Plazo de la Fauna y el Turismo en las Sabanas de África Central Resumen Cuando los gobiernos del mundo se comprometieron en 2010 a incrementar la cobertura de áreas protegidas al 17% de la superficie terrestre del planeta, varios países del centro de África ya habían dispuesto el 25% de sus sabanas ubicadas al norte de la región para la conservación. Para evaluar la efectividad de este compromiso, analizamos los resultados de 68 censos multiespecies realizados en los siete parques nacionales principales de la sabana en África Central (1960-2017). También ensamblamos información sobre los causantes principales de las tendencias poblacionales de los grandes herbívoros (lluvias, número de guardaparques) y sobre las cifras e ingresos del turismo. En seis de los siete parques, las poblaciones de los grandes herbívoros silvestres declinaron dramáticamente con el tiempo, el número de cabezas de ganado incrementó varias veces y el turismo, el pilar de una industria faunística próspera en su momento, colapsó. El Parque Nacional Zakouma en Chad resaltó debido a que las poblaciones de herbívoros grandes incrementaron en esta localidad, un incremento que estuvo relacionado positivamente con las lluvias y el número de guardabosques (un sustituto para las aportaciones de manejo). Con el incremento en la inseguridad y la declinación de los ingresos, los gobiernos se encuentran de frente con muy pocos recursos para proteger áreas extensas. Para afrontar este sobredimensionamiento de la conservación, proponemos ampliar las soluciones que se promueven repetidamente - incrementos al financiamiento, manejo mejorado - con un repliegue estratégico, el cual enfoque los recursos escasos en las áreas más pequeñas para rescatar a la fauna de las sabanas del centro de África.
Published: 2022

18. Sublethal effects of pesticide residues differ between strains of captive Grey partridge: Consequences in terms of rearing conditions

Author: Agathe Gaffard, Clotilde Loiseau, Vincent Bretagnolle, Olivier Pays, and Jérôme Moreau
Subjects: Food Animals, Animal Science and Zoology
Published: 2022

19. Linking personality and health to use of space in the gray partridge: perspectives for management

Author: Clément Harmange, Vincent Bretagnolle, Olivier Pays, Mathieu Sarasa, Jérôme Moreau, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG - Nantes), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Reconciling Ecological and Human Adaptations for a Biosphere-based Sustainability (REHABS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], LTSER «Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sevre» [France], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Biologie et Ecologie des Organismes et Populations Sauvages (BEOPS), Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, and Work supported by the Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (grant number FNC-PSN-PR15-2014) and the French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS).
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Woodland, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Perdix, Health status, Predation, Space use, Personality, Wildlife management, Carnivore, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Behavioral adjustment, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Wildlife conservation, media_common, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Geography, Gray partridge, Habitat, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Demography
Abstract: 13 pages; International audience; Behavioral adjustments are of critical importance for the survival of animals when exposed to risk and resource variations in their environment. Moving to safer habitats allows prey to reduce the risk of mortality triggered by predation. This response has been well studied at the population level to assist in identifying key habitat components for wildlife conservation. However, while individuals may differ in their response to risk and thus in their survival expectancy, the determinants of individual adjustments in space and habitat use are largely unknown in management and conservation studies. Using GPS monitoring, we investigated the relationship between individual traits (morphometry, personality, health status) and adjustments in the use of space relative to risky features (hedgerows, roads/tracks, woodlands, built-up areas) with regard to predation risk. We used the gray partridge (Perdix perdix) as a study model (captive-reared birds released into the farmlands). During the diel cycle, predation risk mainly occurs by carnivores at night, whereas human hunting pressure occurs during the day. We found that personality and health status had an effect on adjustments in the use of space as response to risky features. At night, when carnivore activity is expected to be high, bolder individuals were farther from hedgerows relative to the day. Similarly, individuals in good health were located farther from hedgerows, roads/tracks, and woodland at night relative to the day. We discuss the need for better consideration of individual traits in management and conservation programs, with a particular focus on recovery programs that rely on translocation of captive-reared individuals.
Published: 2021

20. Feeding on grains containing pesticide residues is detrimental to offspring development through parental effects in grey partridge

Author: Agathe Gaffard, Olivier Pays, Karine Monceau, Maria Teixeira, Vincent Bretagnolle, and Jérôme Moreau
Subjects: Plant Breeding, Reproduction, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Pesticide Residues, Animals, General Medicine, Galliformes, Pesticides, Toxicology, Chickens, Quail, Pollution
Abstract: Numerous toxicological studies have shown that ingestion of pesticides can induce physiological stress in breeding birds, with adverse consequences on egg laying parameters and offspring quality through parental effects. However, previous studies do not mimic current levels of pesticide residues in typical landscapes, and they do not consider potential cocktail effects of pesticides as they occur in the wild. Herein, we explored whether realistic pesticide exposure affected reproduction parameters and offspring condition through parental effects in Grey partridge. We fed 24 breeding pairs with either seeds from conventional agriculture crops treated with various pesticides during cropping, or organic grains without pesticide residues as controls. The conventional and organic grain diets mimicked food options potentially encountered by wild birds in the field. The results showed that ingesting low pesticide doses over a long period had consequences on reproduction and offspring quality without altering mortality in parents or chicks. Compared with organic pairs, conventional pairs yielded smaller chicks at hatching that had a lower body mass index at 24 days old. Additionally, these chicks displayed lower haematocrit when body mass index was higher. Therefore, ingestion of conventional grains by parents resulted in chronic exposure to pesticide residues, even at low doses, and this had detrimental consequences on offspring. These results demonstrate a sublethal effect of pesticide residues through parental effects. The consequences of parental exposure on chicks might partly explain the decline in wild Grey partridge populations, which raises questions for avian conservation and demography if current agrosystem approaches are continued.
Published: 2022

21. Detectability and predator strategy affect egg depredation rates: Implications for mitigating nest depredation in farmlands

Author: Carolina Bravo, Mathieu Sarasa, Vincent Bretagnolle, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Farms, Predatory Behavior, Environmental Chemistry, Animals, Passeriformes, Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal, Nesting Behavior
Abstract: Predation is a major evolutionary force in animal ecology. Mechanisms by which prey coloration provides camouflage has been widely studied. However, predator response to prey camouflage and concealment has received less attention. Understanding vegetation structure effect on depredation success could help managers design strategies to mitigate the depredation of managed species (e.g., threatened or hunted). We aimed to investigate the relationship between depredation rate, nest camouflage and concealment in ground-nesting birds of farmlands, and their predators. We set up an experiment of 2576 artificial ground nests to assess the role of egg coloration (white, light green, and dark green), egg size (small, medium, and large), and vegetation structure (vegetation height and land use) in nest survival rates. We also explored the role of predator searching strategies by analysing clumped depredation and multiple depredation events. Of the nests, 34.0% were depredated, with corvids as the predators 78.5% of the time. Corvid depredation decreased by 40-60% in grasslands and spring crops above a vegetation height of 30 cm. In contrast, vegetation height and land use may be of far less importance in avoiding depredation by other predators. The probability of depredation was spatially clumped, suggesting that predators increase search effort in areas where a nest was previously encountered. Neighboring depredation and depredation repetition were more frequent in corvids than in other predators. Our study indicates that nests in vegetation higher than 30 cm had a drastic reduction in depredation rates by corvids. Management of vegetation structure is a key tool to mitigate depredation risk, and improving the availability of alternative food resources may be a complementary tool.
Published: 2021

22. How vigilance shapes the functional response of herbivores

Author: Anne Loison, Etienne Sirot, Pierrick Blanchard, Olivier Pays, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Herbivore, Ecology, 05 social sciences, Functional response, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Trophic cascade, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

23. Diel cycle in a farmland bird is shaped by contrasting predation and human pressures

Author: Nathan Chabaud, Olivier Pays, Vincent Bretagnolle, Mathieu Sarasa, Clément Harmange, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie et Ecologie des Organismes et Populations Sauvages (BEOPS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, diel activity, Ecology, space use, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, habitat selection, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, survival, Predation, global positioning system, grey partridge, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Diel vertical migration, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: In human-dominated landscapes, human disturbances may contrast (spatially and/or temporally) with risk imposed by non-human predators. However, how prey adjust behaviour to minimize risk from multiple threats remains unclear. In Central-Western France, we investigated patterns of activity, space and habitat use, and causes of variations during the diel cycle of the grey partridge (captive-reared, released), a farmland bird facing multiple risks (nocturnal predation, diurnal hunting pressure). We also investigated influence of individual space use, relative to risk-related features on the fate of birds. Birds adjusted their behaviours in ways consistent with the reduction of risk from nocturnal carnivores at night and hunters during daytime. We recorded bimodal crepuscular activity, likely explained by commuting movements between spatially-separated diurnal and nocturnal sites composed of different habitats: selection of open terrains and avoidance of predator reservoirs at night vs. use of high-vegetation cover during daytime. We observed space use differences between surviving, hunted and predated birds. Predation and hunting activities act as contrasting pressures, selecting birds based on their spatial behaviour, which has likely shaped diel adjustments at the population level. An improved consideration of temporal variation in environmental pressures would help to reliably address factors constraining populations, so increasing wildlife management efficiency.
Published: 2021

24. Aquatic invasive alien rodents in Western France: Where do we stand today after decades of control?

Author: Marc Pondaven, Francine Gastinel, Vanessa Pénisson, Sandro Bertolino, Damien Padiolleau, Antonin Frémy, Manon Bonnet, Gérald Guédon, Fabien Angot, Olivier Pays, and Pierre-Cyril Renaud
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Bacterial Diseases, Topography, Marsh, Invasive Species, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, Wetland, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Geographical locations, Indirect costs, Medical Conditions, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Zoonoses, Medicine and Health Sciences, Biomass, Socioeconomics, Mammals, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Arvicolinae, Statistics, Eukaryota, Subsidy, Agriculture, Europe, Geography, Infectious Diseases, Autocorrelation, Vertebrates, Physical Sciences, Medicine, Engineering and Technology, France, Research Article, Freshwater Environments, Neglected Tropical Diseases, Science, Population, Alien, Marshes, Research and Analysis Methods, 010603 evolutionary biology, Rodents, 03 medical and health sciences, Spatio-Temporal Analysis, Species Colonization, Animals, Introduced Species, Wetlands, Leptospirosis, European Union, Statistical Methods, education, 030304 developmental biology, Landforms, Coypu, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Aquatic Environments, Geomorphology, biology.organism_classification, Tropical Diseases, Amniotes, Signal Processing, Earth Sciences, Pest Control, People and places, Zoology, Mathematics
Abstract: Two aquatic invasive alien rodents, the coypu (Myocastor coypus) and muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus), have taken over a significant amount of wetlands in France. Pays de la Loire is an administrative region of about 32 000 km2 in the Western France with 6.3% of its area in wetlands (excluding the Loire River). Populations of coypus and muskrats are established and a permanent control programme has been set to reduce their impacts. The control plan is based on few professional trappers and many volunteers which makes this programme unique compared to other programme relying on professionals only. The aim of this study is to analyse the temporal and spatial dynamics of coypu and muskrat captures during the last 10 years to evaluate their effectiveness. The number of rodents removed per year increased by 50% in 10 years and reached about 288 000 individuals in 2016 with about 80% of them being coypus. During the same time length, the number of trappers involved in the programme also increased by 50% to reach 3 000 people in 2016. Although the raise of coypus and muskrats trapped can possibly be explained by an increase of the number of trappers, the number of coypus removed per trapper per year increased by 22%. Despite the outstanding number of individuals removed per year, our results suggest that the programme does not limit the population dynamics of coypus. Finally, since 2017, the number of data gathered from municipalities decreased, as did the total number of individuals trapped. Indeed, although rewards are crucial to recruit new volunteers, subsidies from local and regional authorities are declining. Decision makers and financers should be encouraged to fund this programme from the perspectives of the direct or indirect costs related to the presence of aquatic invasive alien rodents in wetlands.
Published: 2020

25. Disentangling the roles of bottom-up and top-down drivers in the trade-off between food acquisition and safety in prey with multiple predators

Author: Godfrey Mtare, Olivier Pays, Esther van der Meer, Andrew J. Loveridge, Patrick Duncan, Marion Valeix, David W. Macdonald, Hervé Fritz, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Stéphanie Périquet, Pierrick Blanchard, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Herbivore, Foraging, Zoology, 15. Life on land, Biology, Trade-off, Crocuta crocuta, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), biology.animal, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Panthera, Predator, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: 1. Prey face a trade-off between acquiring food and avoiding predation, but food availability, and therefore its effect, is rarely measured in field studies investigating non-lethal effects of predation. The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of the presence of predators in the functional adjustments of feeding parameters with patch quality in a medium-size herbivore. 2. In Hwange National Park (Zimbabwe), we set up an experiment by manipulating, over two years, patch quality for impala (Aepyceros melampus), a medium-sized herbivore. We assess predation risk by monitoring the presence of three GPS-equipped predators: African lions (Panthera leo), spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) and African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus). 3. In enriched, fertilised plots the impalas reduced step rates (i.e. the rates of change in feeding stations), and increased their number of bites per feeding station while bite rates were not affected. Thus, the main adjustment of their feeding was the step rate. The total time the impalas spent vigilant appeared to be a good predictor of the variation of their bite rate. Although vigilance caused a reduction in bite rate when at a feeding station, the impalas reduced the relative costs of vigilance by continuing chewing and processing their food when scanning for predators. 4. When predators were in the vicinity, the impalas increased their exclusive vigilance (high-cost vigilance) but not their vigilance while chewing (low-cost vigilance) and decreased their bite rate while their step rate and the number of bites per feeding station did not change significantly. The impalas were thus visually disconnected from their patch, and reduced their bite rate when actually foraging. Exclusive vigilance increased when both lions and hyaenas were in the vicinity, and when wild dogs were nearby. 5. Patterns of vigilance that altered bite rate were linked to the presence of predators during the previous 24h. Over the long term patch quality was the main determinant of the feeding parameters (step rate and bite rate). This study shows how predators, by affecting the time prey devote to predator detection, shape the functional adjustments of food acquisition by prey to local patch quality.
Published: 2020

26. Revisiting an old question: Which predators eat eggs of ground-nesting birds in farmland landscapes?

Author: Vincent Bretagnolle, Olivier Pays, Mathieu Sarasa, Carolina Bravo, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), and Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC)
Subjects: Magpie, Farms, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Population, Breeders, Zoology, Carrion crow, 010501 environmental sciences, Generalist and specialist species, 01 natural sciences, Nesting Behavior, Predation, law.invention, Nest, law, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Carrion, Camera trap, education, Waste Management and Disposal, Predator, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Floaters, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Plasticine eggs, Predatory Behavior, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Plasticine, France, Chickens
Abstract: International audience; Nest predation is a major cause of reproductive failure in birds, but predator identity often remains unknown. Additionally, although corvids are considered major nest predators in farmland landscapes, whether breeders or floaters are involved remains contentious. In this study, we aimed to identify nest predators using artificial nests, and test whether territorial or non-breeders carrion crow (Corvus corone) and Eurasian magpie (Pica pica) were most likely involved. We set up an experiment with artificial ground nests (n = 1429) in farmland landscapes of western France, and assessed how different combinations of egg size and egg material (small plasticine egg, large plasticine egg, quail and natural hen eggs) might influence predation rates and predator species involved. Nest predators were identified using remotely triggered cameras and marks left in plasticine eggs. Corvids were by far the predators most involved (almost 80% of all predation events), independent of egg type. Carrion crows alone were involved in 60% of cases. Probability of predation increased with egg size, and predation rate was higher for natural than for artificial eggs, suggesting that, in addition to egg size, predators might perceive plasticine and natural eggs differently. Predation rates of artificial nests by corvids were related significantly to corvid abundance, and far more to breeder than floater abundances, for both carrion crows and magpies. This study emphasizes the importance of identifying predators at species level, and considering their social status when assessing corvid abundance impact on prey population dynamics. Combining camera traps and plasticine eggs can achieve this objective. Given the high predation rate by carrion crows, a better understanding of landscape-mediated changes in predator diet seems mandatory to design mitigation schemes able to confront ecological challenges raised by generalist predators.
Published: 2020

27. Interspecific competition between two partridges in farmland landscapes

Author: Maxime Saillard, Clément Harmange, Vincent Bretagnolle, Olivier Pays, Mathieu Sarasa, Tony Rinaud, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), and Fédération Nationale des Chasseurs (FNC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, playback experiment, Partridges, visual_art.art_subject, Population, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Perdix, Grey partridge, grey partridge, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, asymmetric competition, education.field_of_study, Ecology, 05 social sciences, territorial behaviour, Interspecific competition, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, red-legged partridge, Alectoris rufa, Habitat destruction, Habitat, visual_art, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, habitat niche displacement
Abstract: International audience; Interspecific competition is expected to occur between phylogenetically closely related species when sharing resources. In birds, interspecific competition often occurs by song-mediated interference and frequently implies asymmetrical outcomes between the species pairs involved. Habitat loss resulting from agricultural intensification is expected to have aggregated bird species in the remaining suitable habitats, thus increasing the likelihood of interspecific competition. However, this process has rarely been considered as a potential factor limiting population recovery in farmland birds. We investigated whether interspecific competition occurs between grey, Perdix perdix, and red-legged, Alectoris rufa, partridges, two phylogenetically related species. Originally parapatric, they have suffered an artificial increase in their contact zone due to huge human-mediated gamebird releases. We analysed territorial behaviour through a playback stimuli experiment and investigated shifts in habitat niche in the absence and presence of a hypothetical competitor. Results showed that the grey partridge appeared less territorial when co-occurring with the red-legged partridge and shifted its habitat niche away from the latter, while no such change was detected for the red-legged partridge. These asymmetrical patterns in behaviour and ecology are predicted under an interspecific competition scenario beneficial to the red-legged partridge, and therefore suggest that they are competitively dominant to grey partridges where they co-occur. This result has potentially strong implications for the management of grey partridges as gamebirds, and for their conservation in areas where they are almost extirpated.
Published: 2020

28. NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Author: André Monteiro, Caroline Leuchtenberger, Juliana Monteiro de Almeida-Rocha, José Salatiel Rodrigues Pires, Isabella Oliveira-Bevan, Armando Muniz Calouro, Valquíria Cabral Araújo, María Beatriz Núñez, Donald P. Eaton, Tatiane Campos Trigo, Raquel Lopes Sinigaglia Caribé Grando, Lucas Gonçalves da Silva, Rayanne Gama Matos, Melissa Sanches Mongelli, Larissa Nascimento Barreto, Jorge José Cherem, Paulo Auricchio, Jader Marinho-Filho, Lais Camila Dahmer, Erick Sekiama Rocha, Michel Barros Faria, Leonardo Marques Costa, Claudio Leite Novaes, Fernanda Cristina de Barros, Omolabake Alhambra Silva Arimoro, Ana Paula Potrich, Walfrido Moraes Tomas, Marilia Teresinha Hartmann, Luciana Zago da Silva, Bianca Ingberman, Maíra Benchimol, Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal, Fernanda Cavalcanti de Azevedo, Milene Alves-Eigenheer, Jeffrey J. Thompson, Marina Xavier da Silva, Adriele Aparecida Pereira, Beatriz da Silva de Souza Francisco, Michel Schutte, José Clemensou dos Reis Júnior, José de Sousa e Silva Júnior, Ana Cristina Tomazzoni, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Carolline Zatta Fieker, Shery Duque Pinheiro, Mario Haberfeld, Fabiana Lopes Rocha, Thiago Philipe de Camargo e Timo, Fredy Ramírez Pinto, André Pinassi Antunes, Kevin M. Flesher, Bruno Rodrigo de Albuquerque França, Enrique González, Ricardo Bassini-Silva, Analice Maria Calaça, Patrício Adriano da Rocha, Maximiliano Víctor Pardo, Anamélia de Souza Jesus, Howard Quigley, Ana Paula Nascimento Gomes, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Joana Zorzal Nodari, Cristiano Trapé Trinca, José Hernán Sarasola, Rodrigo Raúl León Pérez, Bruna Silva Santos, Cecília Licarião Luna, Carlos Hass, Elmary da Costa Fraga, Bruno Busnello Kubiak, Samuel Astete, Alexandra Cravino Mol, Alberto Yanosky, Noé U. de la Sancha, Calebe Pereira Mendes, Maurício B. Vecchi, Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Camila de Fátima Priante, Maria Emilia Huerta, J. Antonio de la Torre, Matheus Rocha Jorge Corrêa, Carlos Eduardo Verona, Milton José de Paula, Fernando Gonçalves, Ana María Herrera Victoria, Thiago Cavalcante, Eduardo Delgado Britez Rigacci, Viviane Maria Guedes Layme, Francisco Grotta-Neto, Lucas Pacciullio Gaspar, Marcela Guimarães Moreira Lima, Jéssica Abonizio Gouvea, Carlos De Angelo, Fabíola Keesen Ferreira, Juan Ruiz-Esparza, Arthur Francisco Araújo Fernandes, Lucas Lacerda Toth Quintilham, Hiago Ermenegildo, Nivaldo Peroni, Maria João Ramos Pereira, Bruna da Silva Andrade, Juan Pablo Arrabal, Juan F. Charre-Medellín, Geraldo Wilson Fernandes, Daiana Jeronimo Polli, Natália Mundim Tôrres, Samara Arsego Guaragni, Hipólito Ferreira Paulino Neto, Robert Buitenwerf, Rayssa Faria Pedroso, Flávio Kulaif Ubaid, Fernando Pedroni, Allison L. Devlin, Lorena Anne Nascimento, Marcelo Passamani, Mark Bowler, Michael P. Gilmore, Guilherme Zamarian Rezende, João Carlos Zecchini Gebin, Daiane Buscariol, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Matthew E. Gompper, Paulo de Tarso Zuquim Antas, Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves, Roberto Junior Tomasi, Pablo Villalva, Adriana Bocchiglieri, Rafael Bessa, Marcos de Souza Lima Figueiredo, Lucia Nathaly Stefany Rojas, Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti, Otávio Santi Ribeiro, Paulo Marinho, Francisco Palomares, Camila Cantagallo Devids, Carla Cristina Gestich, Magnus Machado Severo, Fernando de Castro Jacinavicius, Patrícia Kerches Rogeri, Rodrigo Medina Fróes, Fernando Anaguano-Yancha, Marcela Figuerêdo Duarte Moraes, Erick Francisco Aguiar, Átilla Colombo Ferreguetti, Margareth Lumy Sekiama, Mariana Sampaio Xavier, Giselle Bastos Alves, Vinícius Santana Orsini, Gastón Andrés Fernandez Giné, Pietro de Oliveira Scarascia, Leandro Silveira, Juan M. Campos Krauer, Matheus Gonçalves dos Reis, Robert B. Wallace, Fernanda do Passo Ramalho, Lucas Rodrigo Rezende, Flávio Eduardo Vilas Boas, Martín Alejandro Montes, Vinicius A. G. Bastazini, Natalia Mariana Denkiewicz, Fabio Mello Patiu, Galo Zapata-Ríos, Cristiane Martin, Daniel da Silva Ferraz, Ana Elisa de Faria Bacellar, Leonor Valenzuela, Laís Lautenschlager, María Eugenia Iezzi, Geruza Leal Melo, Andrés J. Novaro, Andrea Siqueira Carvalho, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Ana Priscila Medeiros Olímpio, Renata Alonso Miotto, Alexine Keuroghlian, Anderson Claudino Rolim, Márcio Leite de Oliveira, Mariana M. Vale, Elisabete Rechenberg, Leonardo Henrique da Silva, Maron Galliez, Sávio Augusto de Souza Machado, Martin Buschiazzo, Mateus Melo-Dias, Priscilla de Paula Andrade Cobra, Pamella Gusmão de Goés Brennand, Cristiana Simão Seixas, Diana Friedeberg, Leonardo Sartorello, Paula Cruz, Leandro Santana Moreira, Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha, Alex Augusto Abreu Bovo, Noeli Zanella, Javier de la Maza, Roberta Montanheiro Paolino, Marina Lima da Silva, Pedro Sarmento, Andrezza Bellotto Nobre, Laura Villalba, Maurício Eduardo Graipel, Paulina Arroyo-Gerala, George V. N. Powell, Rogério Cunha de Paula, Sebastián Andrés Costa, João Paulo Gava Just, Cuauhtémoc Chávez, Daniel H. Thornton, Jonas Sponchiado, Jorge Reppold Marinho, Elildo A.R. Carvalho, Leandro de Oliveira Marques, Rony García-Anleu, Keila Macfadem Juarez, Rafael Reyna-Hurtado, Flávia P. Tirelli, Maria Laura Gomez Vinassa, Jens-Christian Svenning, Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues França, Luiza Neves Guimarães, Maria Augusta Andrade da Silva, Miriam Lucia Lages Perilli, Stefani Gabrieli Age, Clinton N. Jenkins, Joseph E. Hawes, Letícia Benavalli, Akyllam Zoppi Medeiro, André Faria Mendonça, Jose Roberto de Matos, Juliane Pereira-Ribeiro, José Maurício Barbanti Duarte, Maria del Carmen Fleytas Jover, Alberto González-Gallina, Felipe Martello, Eduardo Marques Santos, Marcelo Cervini, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Erika Castro, Sérgio Lucena Mendes, Wesley Dáttilo, Nilton C. Cáceres, Rodrigo Affonso de Albuquerque Nóbrega, Vlamir José Rocha, Nelson Henrique de Almeida Curi, Javier Hinojosa, Fernando R. Tortato, Rayssa Mainette Nantes Durães, Douglas de Matos Dias, Mauricio Osvaldo Moura, Juliano André Bogoni, Gindomar Gomes Santana, Daniel Galiano, Silvio Junior Napiwoski, Fabiane de Aguiar Pereira, Roberto Fusco-Costa, Samile Seber, Valeria C. Onofrio, Alejandro Jesús de la Cruz, Wellington Hannibal, Maria Brunini Siviero, Henrique Rajão, Nathália Fernandes Canassa, Natalie Olifiers, José Carlos Chaves dos Santos, Eloisa Neves Mendonça, Felipe Pessoa da Silva, Gabriela Heliodoro, Claudia Paola Zárate-Castañeda, Karl Didier, Mariana Bueno Landis, Igor Kintopp Ribeiro, Denise Alemar Gaspar, Marcos Adriano Tortato, Larissa Fornitano, Gabriela Teixeira Duarte, Gabriel Selbach Hofmann, Ana Cristyna Reis Lacerda, Emiliano Guijosa-Guadarrama, Saulo M. Silvestre, Helena Godoy Bergallo, Jardel Brandão Seibert, Sebastián Albanesi, Ariane Teixeira Bertoldi, Juan Andrés Martínez Lanfranco, Jairo Pérez-Torres, José Otávio Venancio, Edeltrudes Maria Valadares Calaça Camara, Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo, Tiberio Cesar Monterrubio, Beatriz de Mello Beisiegel, Eduardo Roberto Alexandrino, Luiz Henrique Medeiros Borges, Raone Beltrão-Mendes, Adriani Hass, João Paulo Villani, Fernando Henrique Puertas, Sara Álvarez Solas, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Andre Monnerat Lanna, Sandra Maria Hartz, Hugo del Castillo, Sônia A. Talamoni, Flávia G. Chaves, Anah Tereza de Almeida Jácomo, Anderson Pagoto, Bruno Leles, Yaribeth Bravata de la Cruz, Brenda Pereira-Silva, Victor Hugo da Silva Iwakami, Juliani Bruna Zanoni, Maísa Ziviani Alves Martins, Claudia Zukeran Kanda, Catalina Sánchez-Lalinde, Marcelo Hideki Yamane, Laura Martins Magalhães, Ailin Gatica, Edson de Souza Lima, Cecilia Cronemberger, Vanessa Tavares Kanaan, Fernando César Gonçalves Bonfim, Italo Mourthe, Taiguã Corrêa Pereira, Igor Pfeifer Coelho, André Chein Alonso, Ludimila Juliele Carvalho-Leite, Felipe Pedrosa, Sean Keuroghlian-Eaton, Paulo Afonso Hartmann, Marcel José Franco Penteado, Pedro Volkmer de Castilho, Henrique Villas Boas Concone, Sérgio Luiz Althoff, Marina Rivero, Andressa Barbara Scabin, Arystene Nicodemo Ferreira, Júlia Beduschi, Marina Zanin, Juan Carlos Rudolf, Jociel Ferreira Costa, Viviana B. Rojas Bonzi, Cauanne Iglesias Campos Machado, Rhayssa Terra de Faria, Ana Cecilia Ochoa, Marcelo Magioli, Renata Twardowsky Ramalho Bonikowski, Ananda de Barros Barban, Natasha Moraes de Albuquerque, Claudia Cristina Cinta, Camila Alvez Islas, Marianela Velilla, Eder Barbier, Jose Luis Cartes, Eduardo Carrano, Glauber Henrique Borges de Oliveira Souto, Carlos Leonardo Vieira, Kimberly Danielle Rodrigues de Morais, Leticia Prado Munhoes, Jana Rangel Silveira, Helio Secco, Fernanda Martins Hatano, Edgar Chávez-González, Marcelo da Silva, Claudia Guimarães Costa, Christine Steiner São Bernardo, Ubiratan Piovezan, Paula Ribeiro Prist, Victor Vale, Elvira D'Bastiani, Juan L. Peña-Mondragón, Micheli Ribeiro Luiz, Eduardo Eizirik, Ana Raíssa Cunha Costa, Rodrigo de Almeida Nobre, Heitor Miraglia Herrera, Maria Elisa de Freitas Morandi, Valeria Towns, Danielle de Oliveira Moreira, Robson Odeli Espíndola Hack, Maria Claudene Barros, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Marinêz Isaac Marques, Carlos César Durigan, Marcia Maria de Assis Jardim, Rodrigo Paulo da Cunha Araújo, Erika de la Peña-Cuéllar, Rafael Cerqueira Castro de Souza, Emiliano Esterci Ramalho, Carlos Henrique Salvador, Maria Emília de Avelar Fernandes, Marcus Vinícius Vieira, Laís Aline Grossel, Martha Lucia Ortiz-Moreno, Renata L. Muylaert, John Polisar, Sixto Fernández Ramirez, Rômulo Theodoro Costa, Fabiane Girardi, Julio Chacón Pacheco, Gabriel Lima Aguiar, Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato, Leonardo Siqueira Mendonça, Roberto Guilherme Trovati, Camila Moniz Freire Rodrigues, David Costa Braga, Nielson Pasqualotto, Evellyn Borges de Freitas, Edvandro Abreu Ribeiro, German Forero-Medina, Adauto de Souza Ribeiro, Tayana Mendonça da Silva Gondim, Vivian da Silva Braz, Mariana Guenther, Beatriz Azevedo Cezila, Diego J. Lizcano, Daniele Janina Moreno, Caryne Braga, Agnis Cristiane de Souza, Ednaldo Cândido Rocha, Maira Giuliana Quatrocchi, Rubén Cueva Loachamin, Ricardo Sampaio, Rafael Spilere Romagna, Larissa de Nazaré Barros Barbosa, Pedro Luna, Ramonna de Oliveira, Marcela Alvares Oliveira, Lívia Maria de Paula, Valeska Buchemi Oliveira, Rugieri Juárez, Marcella do Carmo Pônzio, Karl L. Schuchmann, Erich Fischer, Juliana Jordao, André Luis Botelho de Moura, Pedro M. Galetti, Luciano Martins Verdade, Bruno Augusto Torres Parahyba Campos, Newton Mota Gurgel-Filho, Luiz Henrique Lyra, Ana Kellen Nogueira Campelo, Kamila Marianne Contreras Palma, Fernanda Santos, Vanessa Lazaro Melo, Graziele Oliveira Batista, Camilla Angélica de Lima, Antonio M. Mangione, Nereyda Falconi, Camila Camara Pianca, Alessandra Bertassoni, Waldney Pereira Martins, Anderson Feijó, Santiago Espinosa, André Luís Luza, Lana Resende de Almeida, Bruna Bertagni de Camargo, Rogério Parentoni Martins, Rita de Cassia Bianchi, Julia Carolina Mata, Fabio Rohe, Marcos Silveira, Pedro Henrique de Faria Peres, Diego Carvalho Viana, Renata R. D. Chagas, Andiara Silos Moraes de Castro e Souza, Felipe Vélez-García, Felipe Bittioli Rodrigues Gomes, Alan Eriksson, José A. Rodríguez-Pulido, Maria Estela Viscarra Siñani, Davi Castro Tavares, João Pedro Souza-Alves, Raquel da Silva, Lucas Ramis Segura, Amadeo Sánchez, João M. D. Miranda, Natani Da Silva De Lima, Antonio Millas Silva Pinto, Wesley Rodrigues Silva, Jörn Ziegler, Lilian Catenacci, Mauro Galetti, Tainah Cruz Moreira, Cristiane Patricia Zaniratto, Danilo Augusto Farias, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Lilian Elaine Rampim, Caroline Charão Sartor, Maria Luisa S. P. Jorge, Alex Bager, Maria Lucia Lorini, Rodolfo Assis Magalhães, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Juliana Silveira dos Santos, Vagner Cavarzere, Cíntia M. Lopes, Greici Maia Behling, Fernanda Delborgo Abra, Fabricio Diaz-Santos, Helena Alves do Prado, Daniela Lamattina, Rubia Santana Andrade, Kathrin Burs, Ramon Lima Silva, Meyline de Oliveira Souza Almeida, José Fernando Moreira Ramírez, Maria Cristina Ferreira do Rosario, Franco L. Souza, Maria Santina de Castro Morini, Ana Carla Medeiros Morato de Aquino, Mauricio Neves Godoi, Marcelo Alejandro Villegas, Paulo Inácio Prado, Mariano Maudet Bergel, Gustavo Alves da Costa Toledo, Ângela Camila Deffaci, Diogo Loretto, Diego Afonso Silva, Henrique Llacer Roig, Richard Hatakeyama, Mario S. Di Bitetti, Carmen Elena Barragán Ruiz, Alexandra M. R. Bezerra, Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues, Fernanda Michalski, Jasmine de Resende Assis, Jose Milton Longo, Paula Sanches Martin, Murillo Prado da Silva, Pablo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Daiane Cristina Carreira, Andrea Dechner, Carolina Carvalho Cheida, Gabrielle Beca, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira, Ricardo Araújo Pires, Alfonso Zúñiga Hartley, Hugo Cabral, Luiz Flamarion B. Oliveira, Renato R. Hilário, Samanta Uchôa Bordallo, Fernando C. Passos, Herbert Duarte, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Fabio Oliveira do Nascimento, Fábio Soares, Alexandre Reis Percequillo, Emiliana Isasi-Catalá, Manoel Rodrigues, Clarissa Alves da Rosa, Marcelo Augusto dos Santos Junior, José Eduardo Mantovani, Andressa Gatti, Saulo Ramos Lima, Laury Cullen, Erica Naomi Saito, Carlos A. Peres, Caroline Espinosa, Guido Marcos Ayala Crespo, Leticia Coutinho Sangy Dias, Jean Paul Metzger, Paulo H. S. A. Camargo, Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo, Christine Del Vechio, Olivier Pays, Júlia Emi de Faria Oshima, Ludmila Hufnagel, Diego Astúa, Renan Lieto Alves Ribeiro, Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Mircea G. Hidalgo-Mihart, Octavio Monroy-Vilchis, Lucas Neves Perillo, Cindy M. Hurtado, Cristina Jaques da Cunha, Rony Peterson Santos Almeida, Jasmim Felipe Oliveira, Leonardo dos Santos Aguiar, Antonio Rossano Mendes Pontes, Nêmora Pauletti Prestes, Felipe Moreli Fantacini, Sérgio Bazilio, Isabel Melo, Glenda Jéssica Villarroel, Rafael Hoogesteijn, Lilian Bonjorne, Luis Renato Rezende Bernardo, Maurício Quoos Konzen, Juan Ignacio Zanón-Martínez, Paloma Marques Santos, Whaldener Endo, Diego Varela, Benoit de Thoisy, Karla Chávez-Congrains, Yuri Geraldo Gomes Ribeiro, Jaime Xavier Palacios Perez, Mariana Silva Tavares, Fernando M. Contreras-Moreno, Luciano Carramaschi de Alagão Querido, Francesca Belem Lopes Palmeira, Bianca dos Santos Neves, José Luis Passos Cordeiro, Erik Daniel Martínez Nambo, Mariane da Cruz Kaizer, João Luiz Rossi Junior, Mauricio M. Núñez-Regueiro, José Oliveira Dantas, Cristina Fabiola López-Fuerte, Giordano Ciocheti, Marina Salles Munerato, Eleonore Z. F. Setz, Júlia Ilha, Karen Giselle Rodriguez Castro, Mozart C. Freitas-Junior, André Luiz Ferreira da Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Vilmar Picinatto Filho, Francys E. da Veiga da Costa, Renata Valls Pagotto, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Carla Denise Tedesco, Julia Camara Assis, Raphaella Coutinho, Luciana Souza Araújo, João Gabriel Ribeiro Giovanelli, Jesus R.D. Souza, Mariana B. Nagy-Reis, Joedison Rocha, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira Santos, André Valle Nunes, Andiara Paula Hermann, Samia E. Carrillo-Percastegui, Lucy Perera-Romero, Ingridi Camboim Franceschi, Filipe Martins Santos, Itiberê P. Bernardi, Érica Hasui, Joyce Gonçalves Santos, Paula Modenesi Ferreira, Thamíris Christina Karlovic, María Celina Carrizo, Marília A. S. Barros, Almir de Paula, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Guilherme Mourão, Mathias W. Tobler, Camilo Ribeiro de Lima, Paulo Wesley Martins, Jamile de Moura Bubadué, João Paulo Pandini Favoretti, William Bercê, Leonardo de Paula Gomes, Leonardo C. Oliveira, Diogo Maia Gräbin, Gabrielle Ribeiro de Andrade, Rodrigo Bernardo, Thiago Bernardes Maccarini, Carlos Eduardo Fragoso, Rafaela Aparecida da Silva, Viviane Telles Rodrigues Gaboardi, Raony de Macêdo Alencar, Fernanda Guedes da Silva, Anelise Montanarin, Vinicius Rodrigues Tonetti, Bruno H. Saranholi, Larissa L. Bailey, Martin Roberto Del Valle Alvarez, Juliana Bonanomi, Paula Akkawi, Vinicius Alberici, Grasiela Edith de Oliveira Porfírio, Adriano Canteri, Jimmy Pincheira-Ulbrich, Alan N. Costa, Fabio Gabriel Díaz-Santos, Douglas Machado da Silva, Ezequiel Pedó, Lucía Martínez Retta, Alvaro García-Olaechea, Ricardo Sartorello, Paulo Henrique Peira Ruffino, Alexandre Martins Costa Lopes, Crizanto Brito De-Carvalho, Eliana César Laranjeira Duarte Rocha, Karen B. Strier, Raylenne da Silva Araujo, Jaime Martinez, Augusto Lisboa Martins Rosa, Eduardo Nakano-Oliveira, Rodrigo Silva Pinto Jorge, Hudson de Macedo Lemos, Aureo Banhos, Pryscilla Moura Lombardi, Alexandre Vogliotti, Rafael Souza Cruz Alves, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Carlos Fonseca, Rogério Grassetto Teixeira da Cunha, Nagy-Reis M., Oshima J. E. de F., Zukeran Kanda C., Palmeira F. B. L., Melo F. R. de, Morato R. G., Bonjorne L., Magioli M., Leuchtenberger C., Rohe F., Lemos F. G., and Cravino Mol María Alexandra, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, carnivores, Ecological health, predator, canidae, Roadkill, Species distribution, Carnivora, Mustelidae, mammal, occurrence, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, data paper, Landscape Architecture and Spatial Planning, Animals, Humans, Carnivore, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ecosystem, Trophic level, Canidae, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Landschapsarchitectuur en Ruimtelijke Planning, conservation, felidae, biology.organism_classification, Geography, Habitat, neotropical region, species distribution, Ursidae, Count data
Abstract: Incluye contenido parcial de los autores Abstract.Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecologicalhealth and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carni-vores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide managementand conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropicalregion: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; andUrsidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropicalcarnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTRO-PICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data wereobtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organi-zations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including cameratrapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature(peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated inthis compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n=79,343; 79.7%) butalso includes non-detection data (n=20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data(n=43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute tomacroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspec-tives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distri-bution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans andsafeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combinedwith other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and relatedecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restric-tion for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of theinformation used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data.
Published: 2020

29. A network of monitoring networks for evaluating biodiversity conservation effectiveness in Brazilian protected areas

Author: Marcelo Gonçalves de Lima, Franco L. Souza, Andrew Gray-Spence, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Urbano Lopes da Silva, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Marcio Uehara-Prado, Marlucia Bonifacio Martins, Erich Fischer, Clarissa de Araujo Martins, Jose M. Ochoa Quintero, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Olivier Pays, Katia Torres Ribeiro, Francisco Valente-Neto, João Onofre Pereira Pinto, Françoise Yoko Ishida, William E. Magnusson, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), James Cook University (JCU), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, lcsh:QH1-199.5, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Participatory monitoring, Biodiversity, lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, Environmental organizations, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Biodiversity conservation, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Citizen science, Environmental planning, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Ecology, Conservation biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Monitoring system, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Fuzzy logic, 13. Climate action, Biomonitoring, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Key (cryptography), lcsh:Ecology, Business, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: The necessity to create national to global-scale biodiversity monitoring systems as part of assessing progress toward biodiversity agendas presents a challenge for signatory countries. This is a brief review of ongoing Brazilian national initiatives that would allow the construction of a general biomonitoring network scheme in protected areas; with additional focus on linking independent monitoring schemes. We discuss some key aspects needed to include monitoring schemes under a single framework that will lead to better evaluation of pressure–state–response indicators for managing biodiversity at several scales; and we point out the potential of embracing citizen science and participatory monitoring to quantify some aspects within those schemes. © 2018 Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação
Published: 2018

30. Ticks or lions: trading between allogrooming and vigilance in maternal care

Author: Hervé Fritz, Pierrick Blanchard, Olivier Pays, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0106 biological sciences, Offspring, parasitism, 05 social sciences, Foraging, Predation, Biology, Trade-off, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Risk perception, Habitat, Alertness, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Social grooming, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Social psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, trade-off, group size, Demography
Abstract: International audience; Behavioural adjustments to predation risk may impose costs on prey species. While the vigilance–foraging conflict has been extensively investigated, other important fitness-related behaviours exclusive to scanning, such as grooming, have been overlooked. Yet, risk perception is expected to be more accurately assessed in these contexts as food-related parameters should not interfere. We studied individually recognizable impalas, Aepyceros melampus, and questioned the factors that shape maternal decision making in two exclusive components of maternal care with high benefits and costs: scanning for predators and grooming offspring to remove parasites. While studies generally infer prey alertness level, used as a proxy of risk perception, from the observed investment in vigilance, the vigilance–allogrooming context gave us the opportunity to directly assess alertness during the time spent head-up, and then to investigate its sources of variation and its consequences for allogrooming probability. We found a strong decrease in allogrooming probability when maternal alertness increased. Mothers were more alert in open (grassland) than in closed (bushland) habitats at a large scale. Increasing group size led both to lower maternal alertness and higher proportion of suckling time spent allogrooming, but only when surrounded by low vegetation, the reverse being true in high vegetation. Finally, mothers suckling female calves were more alert. Our results underline the determinant role of habitat, shaping both offspring predation risk and the relative conspicuousness or protective value of group mates. We discuss the potential fitness costs associated with the antipredator–antiparasite trade-off faced during maternal care. Our results suggest that prey behaviours other than foraging are essential to identify factors shaping risk perception.
Published: 2017

31. NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Author: Edgar Federico Rivadeneira, Aline Cristina Leite de Oliveira, Ana Cecilia Ochoa, Lucía I. Rodríguez-Planes, Patrick Farias, Itiberê P. Bernardi, Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato, Arthur Soares Fernandes, Milene Alves-Eigenheer, Marina Rivero, Paula Modenesi Ferreira, Ana Paula Nascimento Gomes, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela, Kátia Regina Pisciotta, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Luiz Flamarion B. Oliveira, Alexandre Reis Percequillo, Ricardo Corassa Arrais, Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo, Júlia Emi de Faria Oshima, Ludmila Hufnagel, Clarice Silva Cesário, Igor Soares de Oliveira, Cynthia Doutel Ribas, Jean Ricardo Simões Vitule, Samuel Astete, Ricardo Sampaio, Bruna M. Bezerra, Vinícius Peron de Oliveira Gasparotto, Greici Maia Behling, André Luís Luza, Lucas Neves Perillo, Cindy M. Hurtado, Luiza Neves Guimarães, Gabriel Selbach Hofmann, Ana Cristyna Reis Lacerda, Analice Maria Calaça, Patrício Adriano da Rocha, Renata Valls Pagotto, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Carla Denise Tedesco, Leticia Prado Munhoes, Helio Secco, Pablo G. Perovic, Cecília Bueno, Olivier Pays, Mauro Sanvicente Lopez, Renan Lieto Alves Ribeiro, Valquíria Cabral Araújo, Diogo Cavenague Casanova, Gisele Lamberti Zanirato, Saulo Meneses Silvestre de Sousa, William Douglas de Carvalho, Marcos Amaku, Soledad de Bustos, Bianca Köhler, Stefani Gabrieli Age, Arlei Marcili, Fernanda Maria Neri, Roberto Fusco-Costa, Cristina Jaques da Cunha, Antonio Rossano Mendes Pontes, Marina T. Zaluar, Matheus Rocha Jorge Corrêa, Lina Marcela García Loaiza, João Gabriel Ribeiro Giovanelli, Marcus Vinícius Vieira, Waldney Pereira Martins, Anderson Feijó, José Maurício Barbanti Duarte, Sara Cortez, Rafael Hoogesteijn, Lilian P. Sales, Fernando Ferreira de Pinho, Marcela Alvares Oliveira, Daniel Jesús-Espinosa, Jardel Brandão Seibert, Valeria Towns, Maria Claudene Barros, Carlos Roberto Abrahão, Marinêz Isaac Marques, Fernando A. S. Fernandez, Henrique Llacer Roig, Juan Francisco Tellarini, Pedro Henrique de Faria Peres, Luziene Conceição de Sousa, Maria Piedad Baptiste, Maria Augusta Andrade, Anah Tereza de Almeida Jácomo, Mariano Maudet Bergel, David Echeverri Lopez, Rosane Vera Marques, Flavia Caruso, Paulo de Tarso Zuquim Antas, Ariel Guilherme Santos do Nascimento, Vinicius José Alves Pereira, Juan Felipe Reátiga Parrish, David M. Post, William Bercê, Felipe Vélez-García, Daniel da Silva Ferraz, Elson Fernandes de Lima, Eduardo Marques Santos, Marcelo Cervini, Adriana Bocchiglieri, Rafael Bessa, Leonardo C. Oliveira, Talitha Mayumi Francisco, Juliana Monteiro de Almeida Rocha, Felipe Pedrosa, Gisele Lessa, James C. Russell, Mauro Galetti, Júlia Beduschi, Elizabeth P. Anderson, Ligia Ferracine de Pina, Ignacio Roesler, Rodiney de Arruda Mauro, Luiz Henrique Lyra, Diana Letícia Kruger Pacheco Carvalho, Jéssica Abonizio Gouvea, Felipe Moreli Fantacini, Sérgio Bazilio, M. Noelia Barrios-Garcia, María Eugenia Iezzi, Henrique Rajão, Paula A Pedreira, Carlos Eduardo Verona, Fernando Gonçalves, Ana Paula Potrich, Walfrido Moraes Tomas, Andrezza Bellotto Nobre, Laura Johanna Nova León, Augusto João Piratelli, André Tavares, Verónica Victoria Benitez, Agnis Cristiane de Souza, Gabrielle Ribeiro de Andrade, Kimberly Danielle Rodrigues de Morais, Gustavo A. Marás, Ricardo Augusto Dias, Alberto Yanosky, Thamy De Almeida Moreira, Alessandra Bertassoni, Ubiratan Piovezan, Ramonna de Oliveira, Carlos De Angelo, Marcell Soares Pinheiro, Carlos Eduardo Lustosa Esbérard, Igor Kintopp Ribeiro, Sebastián A. Ballari, Keila Macfadem Juarez, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Jacqueline R. Miller, Gabrielle Beca, Ana Cristina Mendes de Oliveira, Marcos Adriano Tortato, Alessandra Nava, Mario Haberfeld, Flávio Kulaif Ubaid, Allison L. Devlin, Gustavo Rodrigues Canale, María José Andrade-Núñez, Carlos Eduardo Fragoso, Camila Cantagallo Devids, Patrícia Rosas Ribeiro, Juan Ruiz-Esparza, Nicoli Megale, Francisco Grotta Neto, Cíntia de Oliveira, Larissa Fornitano, Gabriela Teixeira Duarte, Juan Camilo de la Cruz Godoy, Miguel Ângelo Marini, Bruno Augusto Torres Parahyba Campos, Luciano Ferreira da Silva, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Ana Priscila Medeiros Olímpio, Cecília Licarião Luna, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira, Rodrigo Medina Fróes da Silva, Ezequiel Pedó, Lana Pavão Candelária, Daniela A. S. Bôlla, Raony de Macêdo Alencar, Dennis Nogarolli Patrocínio, Gustavo Gonsioroski, Hiago Ermenegildo, Ramon Lima Silva, Maria Cristina Ferreira do Rosario, Franco L. Souza, Maria Santina de Castro Morini, Ana Cecilia Gozzi, Jorge Alberto Gallo, Rubia Santana Andrade, Renata Pardini, Harley Sebastião, Fernanda Guedes da Silva, Eduardo G. Carrano, Rodrigo Raúl León Pérez, Fabiana Cristina Silveira Alves de Melo, Sebastián García-R, Maísa Ziviani Alves Martins, Marcelo Silva de Almeida, Nicolás Seoane, Antonio de la Torre, Alex Augusto Abreu Bovo, Rebeca Ferreira Sampaio, Carlos E. V. Grelle, Valeria L. Martin-Albarracin, João M. D. Miranda, Enrique González, Raone Beltrão-Mendes, Claudia Guimarães Costa, Samir Gonçalves Rolim, Juan L. Peña-Mondragón, Walna Micaelle de Moraes Pires, Jessica Castro-Prieto, Micheli Ribeiro Luiz, Danianderson Rodrigues Carvalho, Camila Righetto Cassano, Nilton C. Cáceres, Gustavo Alves da Costa Toledo, Newton Gurgel Filho, Emerson M. Vieira, Cintia Gisele Tellaeche, Juliana Silveira dos Santos, Luciano Carramaschi de Alagão Querido, Rubem A.P. Dornas, Salvatore Siciliano, Marcella do Carmo Pônzio, Leandro Jerusalinsky, Joana Zorzal Nodari, Cristiano Trapé Trinca, Nathália Fernandes Canassa, Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Vilma Clarice Geraldi, Mariela Borgnia, Marília A. S. Barros, Fabiana Lopes Rocha, Almir de Paula, Ana Carla Medeiros Morato de Aquino, Christine Del Vechio Koike, Mauricio Neves Godoi, Ailin Gatica, Natalia A. Cossa, Isac Mella Méndez, Natália Mundim Tôrres, Bianca Cruz Morais, Monicque Silva Pereira, Camila Raquel Silva Oliveira, Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Vanesa Bejarano, Alvaro García-Olaechea, Ricardo Sartorello, Paulo Henrique Peira Ruffino, Fernando de Castro Jacinavicius, Patrícia Kerches Rogeri, Alejandro E. J. Valenzuela, Bruna Tamasauskas, Germán Jiménez Romero, Diego Queirolo, Lucas Lacerda Toth Quintilham, Marcello Guerreiro, Elmary da Costa Fraga, Paulo Roberto Amaral, Davi Castro Tavares, Nivaldo Peroni, Fernanda Delborgo Abra, Gabriela Schuck, Fernandode Camargo Passos, Bruno H. Saranholi, Nielson Pasqualotto, Jonathas Linds de Souza, Amadeo Sánchez, Juan I. Reppucci, Camila Aoki, Juan Pablo Arrabal, Bruno R. Ribeiro, Flávia P. Tirelli, Henrique Santiago Alberto Carlos, Catalina Sánchez Lalinde, Fernando Ibanez Martins, Cássia Yumi Ikuta, Antonio M. Mangione, Danilo Angelucci de Amorim, Juliane Pereira-Ribeiro, Laura Fasola, Paula Akkawi, Leandro Dorigan de Macedo, Andrés de Miguel, Lilian Elaine Rampim, Pollyanna Alves de Barros, Michel Miretzki, Marcela Figuerêdo Duarte Moraes, Alexandra Cravino, Mario S. Di Bitetti, Anielise C. Campêlo, João Pedro Souza-Alves, Marcos Coutinho, Dayvid Rodrigues Couto, Raisa Reis de Paula Rodarte, Mariana Bueno Landis, Fernando Lima, Emiliano Guijosa-Guadarrama, Hipólito Ferreira Paulino Neto, Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues, Karlo G. Guidoni-Martins, Aiesca Oliveira Pellegrin, Graziele Oliveira Batista, Dilmar Alberto Gonçalves de Oliveira, Paulo Marinho, Carla Cristina Gestich, Magnus Machado Severo, Hugo Ignacio Coitiño Banquero, Cristiana Simão Seixas, Alexsander Zamorano Antunes, Rayssa Faria Pedroso, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Helena Alves do Prado, Mariane da Cruz Kaizer, Giordano Ciocheti, Erick Francisco Aguiar, Átilla Colombo Ferreguetti, Mariana Sampaio Xavier, Giselle Bastos Alves, Leonardo La Serra, Yuri Raia Mendes, Zilca Campos, Claudia Zukeran Kanda, Alexandre Filippini, Rodrigo Delmonte Gessulli, Jimmy Pincheira-Ulbrich, Luciano Francisco la Sala, Guilherme Mourão, Lydia Möcklinghoff, Erica Vanessa Maggiorini, Ingrid M. Silva de Lima, Yenifer G. Rodríguez-Calderón, Pablo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Erika de la Peña-Cuéllar, Wesley Dáttilo, Rafael Cerqueira Castro de Souza, André Borja Miranda, Micaela Camino, Maria Lucia Lorini, Rafael D. Zenni, Daiane Cristina Carreira, Marcelo Juliano Rabelo Oliveira, Viviana B. Rojas Bonzi, Samara Arsego Guaragni, Lucía Martín, Gabriel S. Magezi, Natalia Mariana Denkiewicz, Maria Histele Sousa do Nascimento, Mauricio Osvaldo Moura, Marina Ochoa Favarini, Umberto Cotrim Barcos, Júlio César Bicca-Marques, Lilian Bonjorne, Paula Fabiana Pinheiro, Mateus Yan de Oliveira, Leandro Silveira, Jairo José Zocche, Martina Malerba, Maximiliano Augusto Benedetti, Carlos Henrique Salvador, Vinícius Santana Orsini, Ita de Oliveria Silva, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Kathrin Burs, Liliani Marilia Tiepolo, Rafael Loyola, Áureo Banhos dos Santos, Carlos Leonardo Vieira, Felipe Bortolotto Peters, Verônica Parente Gomes de Araujo, Layla Reis de Andrade, Larissa L. Bailey, Viviane Mottin, Eduardo Roberto Alexandrino, Martin Roberto Del Valle Alvarez, Bruno K. Nakagawa, V. S. Silva, Beatriz Azevedo Cezila, Jéssica Caroline de Faria Falcão, Yan Gabriel Celli Ramos, Vinicius A. G. Bastazini, Carlos Frederico Duarte Rocha, Daniele Janina Moreno, Tatiane Micheletti, Carlos Rodrigo Brocardo, Matheus Gonçalves dos Reis, Sebastián Cirignoli, Isabel Salgueiro Lermen, Juliani Bruna Zanoni, Márcio Leite de Oliveira, Mariana M. Vale, Vanner Boere, Alan Gerhardt Braz, Edwin L. Hernández-Pérez, Viviane Maria Guedes Layme, Adriana Loeser dos Santos Barbosa, Keynes de la Cruz-Félix, Michell Soares de Campos Perine, Omolabake Alhambra Silva Arimoro, Fabiana Luques Fonseca, Paulo Rogério Mangini, Diego Afonso Silva, Vinicius Alberici, Isadora Beraldi Esperandio, Roberta Montanheiro Paolino, Marcela Guimarães Moreira Lima, Alan Deivid Pereira, Mozart Caetano de Freitas Junior, Isabel Muniz Bechara, Fernanda Zimmermann Teixeira, Rafael Flores Peredo, César Cestari, Fernando Silvério Ribeiro, Jean Pierre Santos, Pedro M. Galetti, Fernando M. Contreras-Moreno, Leandro de Oliveira Marques, Marco Aurélio Galvão da Silva, Natasha Moraes de Albuquerque, Fabiane Girardi, Fernando Carvalho, Mário Luís Orsi, Juliana Rodrigues Ferreira, Thales Renato Ochotorena de Freitas, Herbert Duarte, Nathalia Detogne, Miriam Lucia Lages Perilli, Roberto Guilherme Trovati, Jorge José Cherem, Francesca Belem Lopes Palmeira, Fernanda Cavalcanti de Azevedo, Marcelo Passamani, Mônica Andrade da Silva, Jader Marinho-Filho, José Luis Passos Cordeiro, Michel Barros Faria, André Felipe Barreto-Lima, Saulo Ramos Lima, Bianca Ingberman, Vanessa S. Daga, Rodrigo de Almeida Nobre, Gabriela Heliodoro, Juan Andrés Martínez Lanfranco, Luciano Tessare Bopp, Andressa Gatti, Christoph Knogge, Liany Regina B. Oliveira-Silva, Danielle Leal Ramos, Rogério Grassetto Teixeira da Cunha, Douglas Machado da Silva, Juliana F. Ribeiro, Caryne Braga, Bruno Busnello Kubiak, Adryelle Francisca de Souza Moreira, Karl-Ludwig Schuchmann, Ana Caroline L. Araújo, Silvana Back Franco, Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal, Marina Xavier da Silva, Mauricio M. Núñez-Regueiro, Alex Bager, Bruno Leles, José Oliveira Dantas, Cristina Fabiola López-Fuerte, Katyucha Von Kossel de Andrade Silva, Adriele Aparecida Pereira, Maria Emília de Avelar Fernandes, Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti, Leonardo Henrique da Silva, Simone Rebouças Martins, Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena, Maron Galliez, Artur Luiz de Almeida Felicio, Paula Sanches Martin, Aluane Silva Ferreira, Marcos Antônio Melo, Carla Fabiane de Vera y Conde, Ana Karina de Francisco, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Francisco Homem Gabriel, Camile Lugarini, Vanessa Tavares Kanaan, Paula Koeler Lira, Santiago Carvalho, Marina Zanin, Italo Mourthe, Yamil Edgardo Di Blanco, André Chein Alonso, Calebe Pereira Mendes, William E. Magnusson, Daiane Chaves do Nascimento, Amanda L. Subalusky, Paloma Marques Santos, Danielle de Oliveira Moreira, Filipe M. Patel, Julio Chacón Pacheco, Whaldener Endo, Diego Varela, Egberto da Fonseca Casazza, Christopher B. Anderson, Carolline Zatta Fieker, Fabíola Keesen Ferreira, Clarissa Alves da Rosa, Pamella Gusmão de Goés Brennand, Fernando Ferreira, Tayanna Medonça da Silva Godim, Marina Lima da Silva, Daniel Henrique Homem, Paulo H. S. A. Camargo, Alexandra S. Pires, Benoit de Thoisy, Hudson de Macedo Lemos, Pryscilla Moura Lombardi, Alexandre Camargo Martensen, Nicole da Rosa Oliveira, Camila Figueiredo, Ricardo Bassini-Silva, Camila Matias Goes de Abreu, João Carlos Zecchini Gebin, Daiane Buscariol, Fernando R. Tortato, Natalie Olifiers, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Allan Jefferson da Silva de Oliveira, Gabriela Rosa Graviola, Geovana Linhares de Oliveira, Pietro de Oliveira Scarascia, Yuri Geraldo Gomes Ribeiro, Burton K. Lim, Alexandre Vogliotti, Victor Leandro-Silva, Beatris Felipe Rosa, Geruza Leal Melo, Alessandra dos Santos Venturini do Prado, Rafael Souza Cruz Alves, Andreas Kindel, Jociel Ferreira Costa, Renata Twardowsky Ramalho Bonikowski, Marcelo da Silva, Elvira D'Bastiani, Leonardo Sartorello, Francys E. da Veiga da Costa, Robson Odeli Espíndola Hack, Wellington Hannibal, Carla Grasiele Zanin Hegel, Noeli Zanella, André Restel Camilo, Guilherme Braga Ferreira, Javier de la Maza, Maurício Eduardo Graipel, Paulina Arroyo-Gerala, Ricardo S. Bovendorp, Sandra M. C. Cavalcanti, Akyllan Zoppi Medeiro, Bruna Bertagni de Camargo, Rita de Cassia Bianchi, Erik Daniel Martínez-Nambo, Jonas Sponchiado, Fernando Henrique Puertas, Andre Monnerat Lanna, Sandra Maria Hartz, Hugo del Castillo, Sônia A. Talamoni, Guilherme Casoni da Rocha, Sergio Solari Torres, Rogério Cunha de Paula, Sebastián Andrés Costa, Luciana Souza Araújo, Larissa Oliveira Gonçalves, Marina Sales Munerato, Raquel da Silva, Marcos Pérsio Dantas Santos, Thais Guimaraes Luiz, Ana Rojas, José Soares Ferreira Neto, Hilton Entringer Júnior, Daniel Galiano, Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo, Carin Caputo, Juan Carlos Rudolf, Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, Marcelo Magioli, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, João Rafael Gomes de Almeida Marins, Nelson Henrique de Almeida Curi, Javier Hinojosa, Alessandro Rocha, Douglas de Matos Dias, Juliano André Bogoni, Marina Winter, Leandro Santana Moreira, Gindomar Gomes Santana, Jose Roberto de Matos, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Paula Cristina Rodrigues de Almeida Maués, Geverson Luiz Dierings, Anderson Pagoto, Miguel Coutinho Moretta Monteiro, Mariana B. Nagy-Reis, Luz F. Jimenez Segura, André Valle Nunes, Valeria C. Onofrio, Helena Godoy Bergallo, M. Laura Guichón, Orlando Acevedo-Charry, Pedro Ramírez-Bautista, Paulo Landgref Filho, José Salatiel Rodrigues Pires, Amane Paldês Gonçales, Diego Córdoba, Patrick Ricardo De Lázari, Felipe Pessoa da Silva, Lucas Gonçalves da Silva, Stephen F. Ferrari, Erika Castro, Maria Dolores Alves dos Santos Domit, Victor Hugo Duarte da Silva, Leonardo Marques Costa, Patricia Ribeiro Salgado Pinha, Luciana Zago da Silva, Bibiana Gómez-Valencia, Igor Pfeifer Coelho, Gilberto Sabino-Santos, Ana Yoko Ykeuti Meiga, Jeffrey J. Thompson, Jéssica Paloma Ferreira, Camila Alvez Islas, Eder Barbier, Gabriel Ferreira Vianna Di Panigai, Jean Carlos Ramos Silva, Rômulo Theodoro Costa, Gabriel Lima Aguiar, Mateus Melo Dias, Rosa C. A. da, Ribeiro B.R., Bejarano V., Puertas F.H., Bocchiglieri A., Barbosa A.L. dos S., García Chiarello A., Pereira Paglia A., Pereira A.A., Moreira A.F. de S., Souza A. C. de, and Cravino Mol Alexandra, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales.
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Exotic species, Biodiversity, Argentina, Introduced species, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Dogs, Tropical forest, Abundance (ecology), Savanna, Animals, Ecosystem, Biological invasions, Chile, Biodiversity hotspots, Mexico, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Mammals, Ecology, Novel ecosystems, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, 15. Life on land, Biodiversity hotspot, Habitat destruction, Habitat, Florida, Cattle, Introduced Species
Abstract: Incluye contenido parcial de los autores Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a speciesto become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonna-tive habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this dataset, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposeda geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into theNeotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced recordson alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 speciesbelonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotrop-ics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Floridain the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 coun-tries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g.,Callithrixsp.,Myocastor coypus,Nasua nasua)considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The mostnumerous species in terms of records are fromBossp. (n=37,782),Sus scrofa(n=6,730), andCanis familiaris(n=10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caf-fer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of spe-cies in the data set (n=20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomicidentification of the generaCallithrix,which includes the speciesCallithrix aurita, Callithrixflaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, andtheir hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion riskassessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copy-right restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We alsorequest that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data
Published: 2019

32. Interface processes between protected and unprotected areas: A global review and ways forward

Author: Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Hervé Fritz, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Christo Fabricius, Olivier Pays, Julien Blanco, François Laurent, Beatriz Bellón, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Equipe GECCO LEESA, Université d'Angers (UA), Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre d'études biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sustainability Research Unit, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Le Mans Université (UM)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Conservation of Natural Resources, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Ecology (disciplines), media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, landscape change, Distribution (economics), Context (language use), Scientific literature, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, 11. Sustainability, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, Environmental planning, Ecosystem, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, media_common, transition areas, Global and Planetary Change, Ecology, business.industry, Corporate governance, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, 15. Life on land, Geography, natural resource governance, buffer zones, 13. Climate action, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, protected area management, biodiversity conservation, business, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: International audience; Land‐use changes and the expansion of protected areas (PAs) have amplified the interaction between protected and unprotected areas worldwide. In this context, ‘interface processes' (human–nature and cross‐boundary interactions inside and around PAs) have become central to issues around the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services. This scientific literature review aimed to explore current knowledge and research gaps on interface processes regarding terrestrial PAs. At first, 3,515 references related to the topic were extracted through a standardized search on the Web of Science and analyzed with scientometric techniques. Next, a full‐text analysis was conducted on a sample of 240 research papers. A keyword analysis revealed a wide diversity of research topics, from ‘pure' ecology to sociopolitical research. We found a bias in the geographical distribution of research, with half the papers focusing on eight countries. Additionally, we found that the spatial extent of cross‐boundary interactions was rarely assessed, preventing any clear delimitation of PA interactive zones. In the 240 research papers we scanned, we identified 403 processes that were studied. The ecological effects of PAs were well documented and appeared to be positive overall. In contrast, the effects of PAs on local communities were understudied and, according to the literature focusing on these, were very variable according to local contexts. Our findings highlight key research advances on interface processes, especially regarding the ecological outcomes of PAs, the influence of human activities on biodiversity, and PA governance issues. In contrast, main knowledge gaps concern the spatial extent of interactive zones, as well as the interactions between local people and conservation actions and how to promote synergies between them. While the review was limited to terrestrial PAs, its findings allow us to propose research priorities for tackling environmental and socioeconomic challenges in the face of a rapidly changing world.
Published: 2019

33. Assessing blue wildebeests' vigilance, grouping and foraging responses to perceived predation risk using playback experiments

Author: Olivier Pays, P.-C. Renaud, Martine Maron, Anne W. Goldizen, and R.J. Dannock
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Foraging, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Behavioral Neuroscience, biology.animal, Animals, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Wakefulness, Social information, Social Behavior, Predator, Appetitive Behavior, biology, National park, 05 social sciences, General Medicine, Wildebeest, Risk perception, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Acoustic Stimulation, Antelopes, Predatory Behavior, Auditory Perception, Animal Science and Zoology, Female, Psychology, Demography
Abstract: Two aspects of reactive antipredator behaviour are still unclear for ungulates. First, when there is a direct predation threat, how do prey balance antipredator and social vigilance to learn a predator's location and assess the risk? Second, how do an individual's group and environment affect its responses? We tested the responses of adult females in 101 groups of wildebeest to playbacks of lion roars or car noises in Etosha National Park, Namibia. We analysed how the times they spent in different types categories of vigilance, and their within-group density, were affected by the playbacks and how a range of social and environmental variables affected those responses. Females increased their antipredator vigilance but not their social vigilance, after lion roars but not car noises, suggesting that they mostly relied on their own vigilance rather than social information to try to find the source of the lion roars. Females' antipredator vigilance increased more when they were further from cover and with other prey species, suggesting that both circumstances increased their perception of risk. They 'bunched' more after lion roars than car noises and their bite rates decreased as they bunched. Animals' use of social information about threats is likely to be context-dependent.
Published: 2019

34. Action-orientated research and framework: insights from the French long-term social-ecological research network

Author: Nicolas Lamouroux, Camille Mazé-Lambrechts, Chloé Guerbois, Sabrina Gaba, Olivier Ragueneau, Vincent Breton, Sylvie Servain, Jon Marco Church, François Gillet, Annie Ouin, Mathieu Bonnefond, Daniel Gilbert, Thomas Spiegelberger, Vincent Bretagnolle, Marc Lebouvier, Marc Benoit, Hervé Fritz, Christophe Piscart, Jean-Marie Mouchel, Olivier Pays, Sandrine Glatron, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agro-Systèmes Territoires Ressources Mirecourt (ASTER Mirecourt), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Géomatique et foncier (GeF), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HABITER - EA 2076 (HABITER), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement [Strasbourg] (LIVE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], RiverLy (UR Riverly), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Environnementaux, Transferts et Interactions dans les hydrosystèmes et les Sols (METIS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cités, Territoires, Environnement et Sociétés (CITERES), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des EcoSystèmes et des Sociétés en Montagne (UR LESSEM), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMRi 7266 (LIENSs), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés - UMR 7266 (LIENSs), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique - Laboratoire d’Etudes Environnementales des Systèmes Anthropisés (LETG-ANGERS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Brest (UBO)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Process management, QH301-705.5, Computer science, practices, adaptive governance, Context (language use), LTER, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 11. Sustainability, research infrastructure, Biology (General), Set (psychology), Resilience (network), QH540-549.5, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Ecology, business.industry, ACL, landscape, sustainability, ecosystem service, lter, management, practice, social-ecological system, 010601 ecology, Adaptive management, social-ecological systems, Knowledge base, Conceptual framework, Sustainability, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, ecosystem services, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: [Departement_IRSTEA]Eaux [TR1_IRSTEA]QUASARE [ADD1_IRSTEA]Systèmes aquatiques soumis à des pressions multiples; International audience; Many social-ecological system(SES)-based approaches have been proposed to address environmental problems. Most social-ecological frameworks developed to date, however, lack clear operational linkages between humans and nature to efficiently guide SESs toward resilience. A conceptual framework designed to be operational is therefore necessary, as well as a network of research platforms with which to apply it. We defined explicit coupling processes that can be used as leverages to pilot an SES toward sustainability. We proposed to formalize an SES as a dynamic entity composed of two coupling interfaces, i.e., adaptive management and ecosystem services, both set within a landscape context to provide an actionable framework. These interfaces describe the way various actors, including scholars, benefit from and manage complex and changing interactions between the biophysical and social templates. Understanding the key processes underlying the interaction dynamics, especially those leveraging adaptive management processes, would help identify adaptive pathways for practices and collective actions, provide a crucial knowledge base for policy makers, and foster operationality as a requisite of an SES research agenda. Using several examples, we explained why long-term social-ecological research platforms provide an ideal operational network of research infrastructures to conduct place-based action-orientated research targeting the sustainability of SESs.
Published: 2019

35. Neotropical xenarthrans: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Author: Guilherme Braga Ferreira, Javier de la Maza, Sandra M. C. Cavalcanti, Samir Gonçalves Rolim, Diana Letícia Kruger Pacheco Carvalho, Juan L. Peña-Mondragón, Jessica Castro-Prieto, Maria Luisa S. P. Jorge, Carlos De Angelo, Micheli Ribeiro Luiz, Daniel H. Thornton, Jesús A. Iglesias, Arthur Francisco Araújo Fernandes, Jonas Sponchiado, Juliani Bruna Zanoni, Lucas Lacerda Toth Quintilham, Thadeu Sobral-Souza, Daniel da Silva Ferraz, Rayana Diniz da Silva, Agustin Manuel Abba, María Eugenia Iezzi, Andreas Kindel, Flávia Regina Miranda, Gabriel Ivan Boaglio, Pamella Gusmão de Goés Brennand, Maurício Eduardo Graipel, Paula Alves Condé, Paulina Arroyo-Gerala, Rogério Cunha de Paula, Sebastián Andrés Costa, Natasha Moraes de Albuquerque, Teresa Cristina Anacleto, Erich Fischer, Adriano Garcia Chiarello, Fernando M. Contreras-Moreno, Roan McNab, André Luis Regolin, Zoila Vega Guarderas, Francesca Belem Lopes Palmeira, Rodrigo de Almeida Nobre, Marcia Maria de Assis Jardim, Diego Queirolo, Erika Castro, Luciano Carramaschi de Alagão Querido, Freddy Pérez-Garduza, Gabriel Favero Massocato, Karine Galisteo Diemer Lopes, Beatriz Fernandes Lima Luciano, Bruno Rodrigo de Albuquerque França, Enrique González, Giordano Ciocheti, Agustin Paviolo, Eleonore Z. F. Setz, Victor Gasperotto Krepschi, Felipe Martello, Juan Pablo Arrabal, Paulo de Tarso Zuquim Antas, Daiane Buscariol, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Joana Zorzal Nodari, Cristiano Trapé Trinca, Fernanda Santos, Valéria da Cunha Tavares, Luis Renato Rezende Bernardo, Maria Angélica Barbosa Beccato, Juliana F. Ribeiro, Marina Ochoa Favarini, Alexine Keuroghlian, Cesar Rojano, Márcio Leite de Oliveira, Laura K. Honda, Lilian Elaine Rampim, Paloma Marques Santos, Nicolás Cantero, Helena Alves do Prado, Miriam Lucia Lages Perilli, Whaldener Endo, Diego Varela, Mauricio M. Núñez-Regueiro, Ernesto B.Viveiros de Castro, Fábio de Barros, Sebastián A. Ballari, Andreia Magro Moraes, Scarlat Dalva Ferreira, Lerrane de Fatima Cunha, William James Loughry, Ana Cecilia Ochoa, Alexandra Cravino Mol, Milton José de Paula, Igor Pfeifer Coelho, Samuel Eurich Betkowski, Erika de la Peña-Cuéllar, Milene Alves-Eigenheer, Evelyn Beatriz Brítez, Benoit de Thoisy, María Alicia de la Colina, Fabiana Lopes Rocha, Bibiana Gómez-Valencia, Cecília Licarião Luna, Hugo Fernandes-Ferreira, Gustavo Gonsioroski, Jeffrey J. Thompson, Deborah Faria, Izar Aximoff, Katyucha Von Kossel de Andrade Silva, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Raone Beltrão-Mendes, Carlos Henrique Salvador, Alexandre Casagrande Faustino, Pedro Volkmer de Castilho, Paula Koeler Lira, Natalia Fraguas Versiani, Ricardo Sampaio, Santiago Carvalho, Marina Zanin, Geruza Leal Melo, Anne Karoline de Oliveira, Paulo Afonso Hartmann, Leonardo Carreira Trevelin, Marianela Velilla, Ana Raíssa Cunha Costa, Luiz Flamarion B. Oliveira, Patrício Adriano da Rocha, Carla Danielle de Melo-Soares, Dênis A. Sana, Danielle de Oliveira Moreira, Nivaldo Peroni, Carolina Depolito Melo, Marina Furlan Giubbina, José Julio de Toledo, Fredy Ramírez Pinto, Julio Chacón Pacheco, Javier Hinojosa, Pablo Gerardo Fernández Santiago, Maximiliano Augusto Benedetti, Vinícius Santana Orsini, Patrícia Gonçalves Guedes, Elisandra de Almeida Chiquito, Fabiane Girardi, Douglas de Matos Dias, Layla Reis de Andrade, Soledad de Bustos, Maria João Ramos Pereira, Wellington Hannibal, Mariana Bueno Landis, Juliano André Bogoni, Gindomar Gomes Santana, Eloisa Neves Mendonça, Miguel Coutinho Moretta Monteiro, Andre Monnerat Lanna, Isadora Beraldi Esperandio, Francys E. da Veiga da Costa, Sérgio Lucena Mendes, Wesley Dáttilo, Juan M. Campos Krauer, Sebastián Cirignoli, Fernando Gonçalves, Caryne Braga, Helena Godoy Bergallo, Ariane Teixeira Bertoldi, J. Antonio de la Torre, Luciana Souza Araújo, Paulo Marinho, Carla Cristina Gestich, Magnus Machado Severo, Ludmilla Oliveira Ribeiro, Juliane Pereira-Ribeiro, Jairo José Zocche, Mariana B. Nagy-Reis, Fernanda Zimmermann Teixeira, Fábio D. Mazim, Fernando Ferreira de Pinho, Leandro Perez Godoy, André Valle Nunes, Mozart C. Freitas-Junior, André Luiz Ferreira da Silva, Bruno Leles, Flávio Kulaif Ubaid, Fernando Pedroni, Vilmar Picinatto Filho, Sofia Marques Silva, Allison L. Devlin, Denise Lidoro de Mattia, William Douglas de Carvalho, Juan A. Martínez-Lanfranco, Marcela Alvares Oliveira, Bruna Silva Santos, Jorge Ferreira Lima Neto, Fernando Lima, Emiliano Guijosa-Guadarrama, Amadeo Sánchez, Juan I. Reppucci, Sixto Fernández Ramirez, Simonne Chinem, Ana Yoko Ykeuti Meiga, Vinicius A. G. Bastazini, Omar Correia Neto, Gabriel Lima Aguiar, Camila Cantagallo, Luiz H. Varzinczak, Italo Mourthe, Yamil Edgardo Di Blanco, Lydia Möcklinghoff, Bruna Gomes Oliveira, Stefani Gabrieli Age, Gabriel Preuss, Pryscilla Moura Lombardi, José Maurício Barbanti Duarte, Nicholas Gengler, Paul François Colas-Rosas, Paula Gonzalez Ciccia, Fernanda Guedes da Silva, Claudia Zukeran Kanda, Marcelo Hideki Yamane, Marina Lima da Silva, Gustavo Alvez da Costa Toledo, Cintia Gisele Tellaeche, Guilherme Cavicchioli, Larissa Oliveira Gonçalves, Juliana Silveira dos Santos, Alessandra Bertassoni, Newton Mota Filho, Nila Rássia Costa Gontijo, Maria Augusta Andrade da Silva, Guillermo E. Gil, Cyntia Cavalcante Santos, Alexandre Camargo Martensen, Anelise Montanarin, Barbara Zimbres, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Frédéric Delsuc, Mircea Mihart Hidalgo, Fernando R. Tortato, Breno Campelo Lima, Ana Cristina Mendes de Oliveira, Rodolfo Assis Magalhães, Eduardo Marques Santos, Ezequiel Pedó, Danianderson Rodrigues Carvalho, Marcelo Cervini, Antonio M. Mangione, Nereyda Falconi, Jose Roberto de Matos, Roberta Montanheiro Paolino, Mauricio Neves Godoi, Rodrigo Costa Araújo, Tayana Godim, Itiberê P. Bernardi, Daniel M. Casali, Alberto Gonzalez Gallina, Flávia P. Tirelli, Carlos Henrique de Freitas, Marcelo Juliano Rabelo Oliveira, Viviana B. Rojas Bonzi, Fernando A. Perini, Catalina Sánchez-Lalinde, Daniela Rodrigues Vasconcellos, Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi de Barros Ferraz, Juarez Carlos Brito Pezzuti, Julia Camara Assis, João Gabriel Ribeiro Giovanelli, Lucía Martínez Retta, Renata Twardowsky Ramalho Bonikowski, Rubem A.P. Dornas, Igor Kintopp Ribeiro, Alvaro García-Olaechea, Ricardo Sartorello, Camila Clozato Lara, Marcos Adriano Tortato, Clinton N. Jenkins, Anderson Feijó, Andrew J. Noss, Roque Lázaro de Gaspari Júnior, Alberto Yanosky, Gabriela Teixeira Duarte, Yaribeth Bravata de la Cruz, Erica Vanessa Maggiorini, Robson Odeli Espíndola Hack, Marcos de Souza Fialho, Noé U. de la Sancha, Camila Silveira Lima, Ricardo S. Bovendorp, Cláudia Bueno de Campos, Fernando Gaspari, Marcelo de Assumpção Pereira da Silva, Alexandre Reis Percequillo, Mauro Galetti, Manoel dos Santos-Filho, Filipe Pereira Rego Santos, Alexandre Martins Costa Lopes, Lucas Neves Perillo, Cindy M. Hurtado, Paula Akkawi, Lilian Bonjorne, Rony García Anleu, Julia Martinez Pardo, Anamélia de Souza Jesus, Ramon Lima Silva, Kena Ferrari Moreira da Silva, Franco L. Souza, Maria Santina de Castro Morini, Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez, Caroline Leuchtenberger, João Alves de Oliveira, Ailin Gatica, Luiza Neves Guimarães, Alan N. Costa, Gustavo Gabirele Gaspari, Colleen McDonough, Marcela Figuerêdo Duarte Moraes, Erick Francisco Aguiar, Átilla Colombo Ferreguetti, Denison José Henz, Adryelle Francisca de Souza Moreira, Eduardo G. Carrano, Cristina Jaques da Cunha, Edson Fiedler de Abreu-Júnior, Mariana Sampaio Xavier, Gabriel Selbach Hofmann, Ana Cristyna Reis Lacerda, Ricardo Corassa Arrais, Viviane Maria Guedes Layme, Paulo Ribeiro, Rodrigo Lima Massara, Francisco Grotta-Neto, Jéssica Caroline de Faria Falcão, Gustavo A. Marás, Milton Cezar Ribeiro, Elizandra de Matos Cardoso, Antonio Rossano Mendes Pontes, Armando Muniz Calouro, Tatiane Campos Trigo, Adriana Bocchiglieri, Bernardo Brandão Niebuhr, Otávio Santi Ribeiro, Wilson Roberto Spironello, Emiliano Esterci Ramalho, Ângela Camila Deffaci, Santiago Escobar, Rodrigo Raúl León Pérez, Akyllan Zoppi Medeiro, Ricardo Miranda Braga, Hugo Cabral, Maíra Benchimol, Sean Keuroghlian-Eaton, Juan Carlos Rudolf, Nina Attias, Felipe Moreli Fantacini, Jardel Brandão Seibert, Laura K. Marsh, Sérgio Bazilio, Laís dos Santos Everton, Fernando Cesar Cascelli de Azevedo, Marcelo Passamani, Liana Mara Mendes de Sena, Mario Henrique Alves, Franciane Almeida da Silva, Vinícius Peron de Oliveira Gasparotto, Karl-L. Schuchmann, Ana Carolina Srbek-Araujo, Emerson M. Vieira, Felipe Pedrosa, Clarissa Alves da Rosa, Ricardo Machado, Júlia Beduschi, Júlia Emi de Faria Oshima, Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, Henrique Villas Boas Concone, Alexandre Vogliotti, Leonardo Henrique da Silva, Débora Regina Yogui, Manuela Vieira dos Santos, Carlos Candia-Gallardo, Rafael Souza Cruz Alves, Marcelo Magioli, Adriano Pereira Paglia, Murillo Prado da Silva, Pablo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Marina Rivero, Jose Luis Cartes, Lívia de Almeida Rodrigues, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Felipe Bortolotto Peters, Jéssica Helena Mangueira Dias, Josué Santos Almeida, Robert L. Wallace, Ludmila Hufnagel, Daiane Cristina Carreira, Danielle D. Brown, Rogério Grassetto Teixeira da Cunha, Jorge José Cherem, Helio Secco, Pablo G. Perovic, Daniele Barcelos, Ubiratan Piovezan, Caetano Troncoso Oliveira, Elvira D'Bastiani, André Hirsch, Ana Maria de Oliveira Paschoal, Marina Xavier da Silva, Valeria Towns, Edgar Federico Rivadeneira, Marinêz Isaac Marques, Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato, Roxane Schaub, Marcus Vinícius Vieira, Ednaldo Cândido Rocha, Shirley Seixas Pereira Silva, Ingridi Camboim Franceschi, Rodrigo Ayala, Mariana Guenther, Fernando Carvalho, Paula Modenesi Ferreira, John Polisar, Rafael Reyna Hurtado, Burton K. Lim, Alejandro Jesus, Andressa Gatti, Agnis Cristiane de Souza, Pedro Henrique de Faria Peres, Luziene Conceição de Sousa, Gabriela S Oliveira, Alex Bager, Ana Kellen Nogueira Campelo, Marcell Soares Pinheiro, Carlos Eduardo Lustosa Esbérard, Marília A. S. Barros, Marcos Dums, Gabrielle Beca, Daniella Leal Ramos, Bruno Augusto Torres Parahyba Campos, Flavia Caruso, Marcelo Gordo, Diana Friedeberg, Fernanda Delborgo Abra, Luana Marina de Castro Mendonça, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Silvia Benito Santamaría, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Cinthya Chiva dos Santos, Guilherme Mourão, José Fernando Moreira Ramírez, Rita de Cassia Bianchi, Mario S. Di Bitetti, Nacho Villar, Fernando C. Passos, Flávio Henrique Guimarães Rodrigues, Herbert Duarte, Sabrina Laurito, João Paulo Pandini Favoretti, Paula Cruz, Olivier Pays, Diego Astúa, Pedro Cordeiro Estrela, Saulo Ramos Lima, Cecília Bueno, Tadeu Gomes de Oliveira, Alessandro Rocha, Tainah Cruz Moreira, Laury Cullen, Lucas Lobo Barbosa, Carlos A. Peres, William Bercê, Sara Cortez, Raissa Danielle Praxedes Grangeiro, Rafael Hoogesteijn, Thiago Bernardes Maccarini, María José Andrade-Núñez, Carlos Eduardo Fragoso, Alex Augusto Abreu Bovo, Lucas Leuzinger, Nilton C. Cáceres, Luiz Henrique Medeiros Borges, Joceleia G. Koenemann, Nielson Pasqualotto, Rugieri Juárez, Graziele Oliveira Batista, Micaela Camino, Kathrin Burs, Andrezza Bellotto Nobre, Elildo A.R. Carvalho, Nathália Fernandes Canassa, Donald P. Eaton, Carlos Rodrigo Brocardo, Bráulio A. Santos, Fernanda Cavalcanti de Azevedo, Nicole da Rosa Oliveira, Thiago Ferreira Rodrigues, Verónica Andrea Quiroga, Bernardo Papi, André Luis Moura Botelho, Hugo Fernando del Castillo Cordero, Rosane Vieira Marques, Hugo Reis Medeiros, Gastón Andrés Fernandez Giné, Natalia Mariana Denkiewicz, Vinicius Rodrigues Tonetti, Rafael de Souza Laurindo, Paula Fabiana Pinheiro, Larissa L. Bailey, Martin Roberto Del Valle Alvarez, Ezequiel Vanderhoeven, Vinicius Alberici, Cynthia Elisa Widmer, Claudia Regina Silva, Leonardo Sartorello, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Marcos Santos P., Bocchiglieri A., Garcia Chiarello A., Pereira Paglia A., Moreira A., Souza A.C., Abba A.M., Gatica A., Zoppi Medeiro A., Costa A.N., Gonzalez Gallina A., Yanosky A., Jesus A., Bertassoni A., Rocha A., Abreu Bovo A.A., Bager A., Cravino Mol Alexandra, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Ecología y Ciencias Ambientales., Camargo Martensen A., Casagrande Faustino A., Martins Costa Lopes A., Reis Percequillo A., Vogliotti A., Keuroghlian A., Colina M.A., Devlin A., García-Olaechea A., Sánchez A., Srbek-Araujo A.C., Ochoa A.C., Mendes Oliveira A.C., Reis Lacerda A.C., Nogueira Campelo A.N., Oliveira Paschoal A.M., Cunha Costa A.R., Ykeuti Meiga A.Y., Souza Jesus A., Feijó A., Hirsch A., Ferreira da Silva A.F., Moura Botelho A.L., Regolin A.L., Monnerat Lanna A., Valle Nunes A., Kindel A., Magro Moraes A., Gatti A., Noss A., Bellotto Nobre A., Montanarin A., Deffaci A.C., Figueiredo de Albuquerque A.C., Oliveira A.K., Mangione A.M., Rossano Mendes Pontes A., Teixeira Bertoldi A., Muniz Calouro A., Desbiez A., Fernandes A., Colombo Ferreguetti A., Andrade da Silva M.A., Zimbres B., Fernandes Lima Luciano B., Thoisy B., Niebuhr B.B., Papi B., Gómez-Valencia B., Santos B., Campelo Lima B., Gomes Oliveira B., Silva Santos B., Torres Parahyba Campos B.A., Leles B., Albuquerque França B.R., Lim B., Troncoso Oliveira C., Cantagallo C., Clozato Lara C., Silveira Lima C., Gestich C.C., Melo-Soares C.D., Peres C., Benhur Kasper C., Candia-Gallardo C., Angelo C., Fragoso C.E., Freitas C.H., Salvador C.H., Brocardo C.R., Depolito Melo C., Leuchtenberger C., Braga C., Sánchez-Lalinde C., Bueno C., Licarião Luna C., Rojano C., Hurtado C.M., Santos C.C., Tellaeche C., Rosa C., Bueno de Campos C., Silva C.R., Zukeran Kanda C., Jenkins N., McDonough C., Trapé Trinca C., Jaques da Cunha C., Widmer C.E., Santos C., Buscariol D., Carreira D.C., Rodrigues Carvalho D., Silva Ferraz D., Casali D., Thornton D., Rodrigues Vasconcellos D., Barcelos D., Brown D., Leal Ramos D., Oliveira Moreira D., Yogui D.R., Faria D., Sana D.A., Lidoro de Mattia D., Henz D.J., Friedeberg D., Kruger Pacheco Carvalho D.L., Astúa D., Queirolo D., Varela D., Eaton D., Matos Dias D., Rivadeneira E.F., Rocha E.C., Abreu-Júnior E.F., Carrano E., Marques Santos E., Freire Setz E.Z., Alves Ribeiro Carvalho E., Almeida Chiquito E., Matos Cardoso E., Neves Mendonça E., D’Bastiani E., Vieira E., Ramalho E.E., Guijosa-Guadarrama E., González E., Maggiorini E.V., Fischer E., Aguiar E.F., Castro E.P., Peña-Cuéllar E., Viveiros de Castro E., Brítez E.B., Vanderhoeven E.A., Pedó E., Lopes Rocha F., Girardi F., Oliveira Roque F., Dias Mazim F., Monteiro de Barros F., Martello F., Moreli Fantacini F., Pedrosa F., Bortolotto Peters F., Delborgo Abra F., Cavalcanti de Azevedo F., Silva Santos F., Guedes da Silva F., Zimmermann Teixeira F., Araujo Perini F., Passos F., Carvalho F., Cascelli de Azevedo F.C., Ferreira de Pinho F., Gonçalves, Lima F., Contreras-Moreno F., Pedroni F., Tortato F.R., Pereira Rego Santos F., Caruso F., Pereira Tirelli F., Miranda F.R., Guimarães Rodrigues F.H., Kulaif Ubaid F., Lopes Palmeira F.B., Almeida da Silva F., Grotta-Neto F., Souza F.L., Costa F.E., Pérez-Garduza F., Delsuc F., Lemos F.G., Ramirez Pinto F., Boaglio G.I., Fávero Massocato G., Preuss G., Selbach Hofmann G., Lima Aguiar G., Schuck Oliveira G., Teixeira Duarte G., Beca G., Fernandez Giné G.A., Oliveira Batista G., Gil G.E., Gonsioroski G., Secco H., Reis Medeiros H., Pfeifer Coelho I., Camboim Franceschi I., Bernardi I., Torre J.A., Zocche J.J., Seibert J.B., Faria Falcão J.C., Mangueira Dias J.H., Zorzal Nodari J., Alves Oliveira J., Ribeiro Giovanelli J.G., Pandini Favoretti J.P., Polisar J., Sponchiado J., Cherem J.J., Moreira Ramírez J.F., Toledo J.J., Barbanti Duarte J.M., Matos J.R., Arrabal J.R., Faria Oshima J.E., Fernandes Ribeiro J., Bogoni J.A., Chacón Pacheco J.A., Schuchmann K., Ferraz K., Santos Everton L., Bailey L., Oliveira Gonçalves L., Cullen L., Reis de Andrade L., Carreira Trevelin L., Bonjorne L., Almeida Rodrigues L., Leuzinger L., Neves Perillo L., Souza Araújo L., Hufnagel L., Oliveira Ribeiro L., Rezende Bernardo L.R., Rodrigues Oliveira-Santos L.G., Varzinczak L.H., Medeiros Borges L.H., Neves Guimarães L.H., Möcklinghoff L., Alvares Oliveira M., Magioli M., Assis Jardim M.M., Leite de Oliveira M., Tortato M.A., Dums M., Iezzi M.E., Ramos Pereira M.J., Jorge M.J., Castro Morini M.S., Bueno Landis M., Sampaio Xavier M., Barros M., Lima da Silva M., Rivero M., Zanin M., Marques I.M., Alves M.H., Di Bitetti M., Alvarez M., Graipel M.E., Neves Godoi M., Benedetti M.A., Guimarães Beltrão M., Coutinho Moretta Monteiro M., Paula M.J., Lages Perilli M.L., Prado da Silva M., Villar N., Moraes De Albuquerque N., Canassa N., Mota Filho N., Rosa Oliveira N., Pasqualotto N., Cáceres N.C., Attias N., Ochoa Favarini M., Santi Ribeiro O., Rodrigues Gonçalves P., Rocha P.A., Alves Condé P., Akkawi P., Koeler Lira P., Cruz P., Modenesi Ferreira P., Arroyo-Gerala P., Hartmann P.A., Tarso Zuquim Antas P., Marinho P.H., Faria Peres P.H., Peña-Mondragón J.L., Moura Lombardi P., Souza Laurindo R., Souza Cruz Alves R., Praxedes Grangeiro R.D., Lima Silva R., Beltrão-Mendes R., Twardowsky Ramalho Bonikowski R., Reppucci J., Corassa Arrais R., Sampaio R., Sartorello R., Siqueira Bovendorp R., McNab R., Espíndola Hack R.O., Assis Magalhães R., Costa Araújo R., Almeida Nobre R., León Pérez R.R., Lima Massara R., Cunha de Paula R., García Anleu R., Vieira Marques R., Dornas R., Gonçalves Rolim S., Cavalcanti S., Ramos Lima S., Ballari S., Santamaría S.B., Marques Silva S., Age S.G., Godim T., Sobral-Souza T., Bernardes Maccarini T., Ferreira Rodrigues T., Piovezan U., Cunha Tavares V., Quiroga V.A., Gasperotto Krepschi V., Picinatto Filho V., Galvão Bastazini V.A., Oliveira Gasparotto V.P., Santana Orsini V., Guedes Layme V.M., Hannibal W., Dáttilo W., Carvalho W.D., Loughry W.J., Di Blanco Y.E., Núñez-Regueiro M., Furlan Giubbina M., Passamani M., Carramaschi de Alagão Querido L., Alvez da Costa Toledo G., Kintopp Ribeiro I., Quintilham L., Bustos S., Maza J., Ferreira Lima Neto J., Von Kossel de Andrade Silva K., Sartorello L., Rampim L.E., Marás G., Camino M., Freitas-Junior M.C., Perovic P.G., Montanheiro Paolino R., 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Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, NEOTROPICAL REGION, biodiversity hotspot, xenarthra, habitat loss, Pilosa, HABITAT LOSS, Forest fragmentation, XENARTHRA, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], PILOSA, Ciencias Biológicas, Cingulata, neotropical mammals, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], NEOTROPICAL MAMMALS, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, forest fragmentation, BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT, pilosa, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Xenarthra, FOREST FRAGMENTATION, Ecología, biology.organism_classification, Biodiversity hotspot, Data set, Geography, Habitat destruction, cingulata, neotropical region, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, CINGULATA, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: Xenarthrans -anteaters, sloths, and armadillos- have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. Have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become. Fil: Marques Santos, Paloma. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Brasil Fil: Bocchiglieri, Adriana. Universidade Federal de Sergipe; Brasil Fil: Garcia Chiarello, Adriano. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Pereira Paglia, Adriano. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Brasil Fil: Moreira, Adryelle. Amplo Engenharia e Gestão de Projetos ; Brasil Fil: Abba, Agustin Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina Fil: Paviolo, Agustin Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; Argentina Fil: Gatica, Ailin. Universidad Nacional de San Luis; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina Fil: Ochoa, Ana Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas de San Luis; Argentina Fil: de Angelo, Carlos Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto. Facultad de Cs.exactas Fisicoquimicas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Ambiente. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra, Biodiversidad y Ambiente.; Argentina Fil: Tellaeche, Cintia Gisele. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Centro de Estudios Ambientales Territoriales y Sociales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; Argentina Fil: Varela, Diego Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Vanderhoeven, Ezequiel Andres. Ministerio de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Caruso, María Flavia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; Argentina Fil: Arrabal, Juan Pablo. Secretaria de Gobierno de Salud. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical - Sede Puerto Iguazú Misiones; Argentina. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina Fil: Iezzi, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Di Bitetti, Mario Santiago. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Cruz, Paula Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina Fil: Reppucci, Juan Ignacio. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Benito Santamaria, Silvia. Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Quiroga, Verónica Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; Argentina Fil: Di Blanco, Yamil Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Marás, Gustavo Arnaldo. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Camino, Micaela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Centro de Ecología Aplicada del Litoral; Argentina Fil: Perovic, Pablo Gastón. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Delegación Regional del Noroeste; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Martínez Pardo, Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Costa, Sebastián Andrés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina Fil: Pinheiro, Fabiana. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Brasil Fil: Volkmer de Castilho, Pedro. Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Brasil Fil: Bercê, William. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Camara Assis, Julia. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho. Faculdade de Engenharia.; Brasil Fil: Rodrigues Tonetti, Vinicius. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Alves Eigenheer, Milene. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Chinem, Simonne. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Honda, Laura K.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Bergallo, Helena de Godoy. Universidade do Estado de Rio do Janeiro; Brasil Fil: Alberici, Vinicius. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Wallace, Robert. Wildlife Conservation Society; Estados Unidos Fil: Ribeiro, Milton Cezar. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Galetti, Mauro. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil
Published: 2019

36. Changes in habitat selection patterns of the gray partridge

Author: Clément, Harmange, Vincent, Bretagnolle, Mathieu, Sarasa, and Olivier, Pays
Subjects: agricultural landscapes, Perdix perdix, habitat quality, gray partridge, farmland birds, habitat selection, habitat suitability maps, long‐term trends, Original Research
Abstract: Changes in agricultural practices have reshaped agricultural landscapes and triggered a drastic decline in spatial and temporal heterogeneity leading to changes in habitat quality and food resources for birds. However, the precise relationships between landscape changes, spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and habitat preferences in response to those changes remain poorly known.We investigated patterns of habitat selection and causes for changes over the years 1997–2017 for the gray partridge Perdix perdix, an iconic farmland species which has experienced a severe decline since the 1950s. Using a long‐term (1997–2017) dataset collected over 435 km2, we modeled relationships between annual land‐cover maps and partridge sightings over 17 5‐year moving windows, assessing the effects of landscape metrics, the strength of the relationships, and the dynamics of habitat suitability.We detected a shift in gray partridge habitat preferences over time, toward more risky habitats. Avoidance of predator reservoirs (woodlands and buildings) has weakened, and selection of human infrastructure, such as roads and tracks, has increased. Since 1997, the mean size of suitable patches has also decreased by about 26%.We have interpreted these changes in habitat selection as being the result of decreasing habitat quality and the increasing prevalence of captive‐reared birds, currently released in their thousands in the study site. Synthesis and applications. The gray partridge has not adjusted well to changes in farming practices, and the low, still decreasing, population density suggests that it is not sustainable, despite local initiatives and the investment in captive‐bird releases. We emphasize that efforts must be redirected toward habitat improvement to restore the density of refuge cover, insects, and seeds in the landscape, hunting management to ensure self‐sustainable populations and massive releases of high‐quality birds. Only integrated local management, involving hunters, farmers, gamekeepers, and scientists can ensure the recovery of this species.
Published: 2018

37. Phylogenetic structure of communities between temperate and tropical regions: Exploring patterns through literature datasets

Author: Clarissa de Araujo Martins, Larissa Sayuri Moreira Sugai, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Olivier Pays, Victor S. Saito, Maurício Silveira, Raul Costa-Pereira, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Université d'Angers, and James Cook University
Subjects: Metazoans, 0106 biological sciences, Phylogenetic overdispersion, Phylogenetic tree, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Microorganisms, Tropics, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Plants, 15. Life on land, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, humanities, Tropical and temperate regions, Phylogenetic clustering, Overdispersion, 13. Climate action, Phylogenetic Pattern, Temperate climate, Cluster analysis, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T16:53:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-08-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Latitudinal patterns of diversity are one of the most striking large-scale biological phenomena and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain them. Using data from literature-surveys we investigated how phylogenetic patterns in microorganisms, plants, and, metazoans communities differ between the tropical and temperate regions and then explored possible ecological and evolutionary process that could shape such patterns. Using the Net Relatedness Index, we analyzed data from 1486 biological communities, collected in 32 articles that considered the phylogenetic structure of biological communities. We found a pattern of phylogenetic clustering in both regions for microorganisms, while for plants we found phylogenetic clustering in temperate regions and phylogenetic overdispersion in the tropics. We did not detect a clear pattern of clustering or overdispersion in tropical or temperate regions in metazoans. From these patterns we explore different ecological and evolutionary processes that have shaped these communities over space and time. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul Departamento de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Federal de São Carlos Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biodiversidade Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) UMR 6554 CNRS LETG-Angers Université d'Angers Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Biodiversidade Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp) FAPESP: #2014/24532-4 FAPESP: #2016/14611-0 FAPESP: LSSM #2015/25316-6 FAPESP: RCP #2014/20924-5 FAPESP: VSS #2013/20540-0
Published: 2018

38. Food supply fluctuations constrain group sizes of kangaroos and in turn shape their vigilance and feeding strategies

Author: Anne W. Goldizen, François-René Favreau, Olivier Pays, Hervé Fritz, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Foraging, Biology, feeding rate, food quality, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Food supply, vigilance, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Herbivore, 05 social sciences, Seasonality, medicine.disease, Food resources, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Macropus giganteus, season effect, Animal Science and Zoology, food resources, Food quality, Demography, group size
Abstract: International audience; Seasonal variation in food resources and predation risk imposes major constraints on herbivores, which must adjust their behaviour to maximize their energy intake and survival. In seasonally driven landscapes, it is not yet clear what the primary drivers are that shape seasonal variation in vigilance and feeding rates. These rates have been shown to vary in relation to various environmental, social and individual factors, but many of these factors also vary through the year, due to variation in food supply. We studied wild female eastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, under low predation risk over a year to investigate whether vigilance and feeding rates varied seasonally and whether this variation was mainly driven by food quantity or quality, group size or individuals' reproductive states. Both vigilance and feeding rates varied seasonally, as did food quantity and quality and group size. Vigilance, including antipredator (head orientation away from the group) and exclusive (i.e. vigilance without chewing) vigilance, decreased and feeding rate increased with increasing group size. However, because group size increased with food quality and quantity, food resources emerged as the primary driver of variation in behavioural strategies. These results suggest that the observed effects of group size on the trade-off between food acquisition and safety are in fact corollaries of the seasonal variation in food supply in our study system, in which the risk of predation on adults is low, and hence are by-products of the foraging choices made by kangaroos in response to the dynamics of the quantity and quality of food.
Published: 2018

39. Within-population differences in personality and plasticity in the trade-off between vigilance and foraging in kangaroos

Author: Hervé Fritz, Simon P. Blomberg, François-René Favreau, Anne W. Goldizen, Olivier Pays, Emily C. Best, Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Herbivore, education.field_of_study, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, Foraging, Population, Biology, Trade-off, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Personality, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common
Abstract: International audience; Behavioural traits can vary between individuals from the same population. These differences can involveconsistent variation in the level of a particular behaviour (personality) or differences in the way individualsadjust their behaviour to environmental gradients (plasticity). In prey species, feeding rates andvigilance vary with environmental, social and individual factors and the feeding rate/vigilance relationshipreflects the trade-off between food acquisition and safety. While feeding rates and vigilancehave been shown to vary between individuals in relation to group size and predation risk, how theyrelate to other factors has not yet been investigated, nor has between-individual variation in this tradeoff.We studied between-individual variation in vigilance, feeding rates and their trade-off in femaleeastern grey kangaroos, Macropus giganteus, to see whether females showed consistent behaviouraldifferences and different plasticity in relation to ecological (food patch richness), social (group sizes) andphysiological (reproductive states) conditions. We addressed two contrasting hypotheses: an ‘ecological’hypothesis under which individuals facing the same conditions should behave similarly, and a ‘behavioural’hypothesis under which they should behave differently because of their own personality orplasticity. Female kangaroos tended to adjust their behaviours similarly in relation to ecological andsocial conditions, supporting the ecological hypothesis. However, they also showed differences in personalityand plasticity in relation to their reproductive states that could not be explained by energeticdemand alone; this was suggestive of different maternal strategies, thus supporting the behaviouralhypothesis. Altogether these results suggest that consistent differences in animals’ personality andbehavioural plasticity can be promoted by physiological conditions and are not necessarily repeatableacross different ecological contexts.
Published: 2014

40. Towards a Meta-Social-Ecological System Perspective: A Response to Gounand et al

Author: Christo Fabricius, Fabio de Oliveira Roque, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Olivier Pays, Hervé Fritz, Franco L. Souza, François Laurent, Erich Fischer, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Espaces et Sociétés (ESO), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)-Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Le Mans Université (UM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Abiotic component, Ecology, peoplescape, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Perspective (graphical), Foraging, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Conciliation, landscape, 15. Life on land, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Geography, Empirical research, meta-social-ecological system, mental model, Biological dispersal, Ecosystem, Landscape ecology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience; The meta-ecosystem approach has significantly advanced ecosystem science and landscape ecology by explicitly addressing the flow of elements (live organisms, biotic and abiotic materials) among ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales [1,2]. Gounand et al. [3] recently argued that the conciliation of theoretical and empirical studies on meta-ecosystems needs better quantification of spatial flows in terms of movements (dispersal, foraging, life-cycle, and migration), feedbacks, and resources.
Published: 2018

41. Increased Exploration Capacity Promotes Group Fission in Gregarious Foraging Herbivores

Author: Olivier Pays, Sophie Lardy, Daniel Fortin, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Male, Fission, Video Recording, lcsh:Medicine, Social Sciences, Predation, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Group cohesiveness, Morphogenesis, Psychology, Foraging, lcsh:Science, Mammals, Multidisciplinary, Sexual Differentiation, Behavior, Animal, Animal Behavior, Ecology, 05 social sciences, Ruminants, Trophic Interactions, Community Ecology, Animal Sociality, Vertebrates, Female, Research Article, Adaptive value, Social Psychology, Imaging Techniques, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, 010603 evolutionary biology, Capreolus, Plant-Animal Interactions, Animals, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Herbivory, Social Behavior, Population Density, Herbivore, Behavior, Models, Statistical, Sexual Dimorphism, Ephemeral key, Deer, Plant Ecology, lcsh:R, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, biology.organism_classification, Amniotes, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Zoology, Developmental Biology
Abstract: International audience; Many gregarious species display rapid fission-fusion dynamics with individuals frequently leaving their groups to reunite or to form new ones soon after. The adaptive value of such ephemeral associations might reflect a frequent tilt in the balance between the costs and benefits of maintaining group cohesion. The lack of information on the short-term advantages of group fission, however, hampers our understanding of group dynamics. We investigated the effect of group fission on area-restricted search, a search tactic that is commonly used when food distribution is spatially autocorrelated. Specifically, we determine if roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) improve key aspects of their extensive search mode immediately after fission. We found that groups indeed moved faster and farther over time immediately after than before fission. This gain was highest for the smallest group that resulted from fission, which was more likely to include the fission’s initiator. Sex of group members further mediated the immediate gain in search capacity, as post-fission groups moved away at farthest rate when they were only comprised of males. Our study suggests that social conflicts during the extensive search mode can promote group fission and, as such, can be a key determinant of group fission-fusion dynamics that are commonly observed in gregarious herbivores.
Published: 2016

42. Improved methodology for measuring pore patterns in the benthic foraminiferal genus Ammonia

Author: Christine Barras, Magali Schweizer, Frans J. Jorissen, Anaïs Guihéneuf, Filip J. R. Meysman, Jassin Petersen, Olivier Pays, Bettina Riedel, Guillaume Mabilleau, Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Biodiversité dans l’Anthropocène - Dynamique, Fonction & Gestion (BIODIVAG), Groupe d'Études Remodelage Osseux et bioMatériaux (GEROM), Nederlands Instituut Voor Ecologie - NIOO (NETHERLANDS), Earth System Sciences, and Chemistry
Subjects: Pore size, Morphology, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Coastal environment, benthic foraminifera, Soil science, Biology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Redox, Bottom water, Ammonia, chemistry.chemical_compound, Nitrate, 14. Life underwater, Porosity, Hypoxia, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, Paleontology, Hypoxia (environmental), Shell porosity, chemistry, Benthic zone, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Benthic foraminiferal pores are considered to play an important role in facilitating the gas exchange between the organism and the environment, with pore size and density supposed to be related to gas exchange intensity. Recent studies have therefore attempted to establish relationships between pore patterns and redox conditions, such as bottom water oxygen and nitrate concentrations. However, a prerequisite for such an attempt is the development of a practical and reliable methodology for measuring pore patterns. The aim of this study is to present a semi-automated pore measurement method for Ammonia, a dominant taxon of temperate coastal environments that are increasingly affected by seasonal hypoxia (bottom water oxygen concentrationIn order to demonstrate the efficiency of the method, we applied it in two case studies. Firstly, a study of living Ammonia in Lake Grevelingen (Netherlands) revealed a clear difference in pore patterns between three studied stations characterised by different seasonal bottom water oxygenation patterns. Secondly, a sediment core from the same site clearly showed the presence of two morphotypes of Ammonia; one with numerous, small pores and the other with fewer but much larger pores, resulting in a higher porosity (larger part of the test covered by pores). Since the man-made closure of Lake Grevelingen in 1971, the latter morphotype has progressively replaced the former one. Finally, a summary of the measurements on 870 specimens with both pore patterns shows a strong relationship between pore density and pore surface area, suggesting a physical control of the interaction between these two parameters.
Published: 2016

43. How competition and predation shape patterns of waterhole use by herbivores in arid ecosystems

Author: Etienne Sirot, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Olivier Pays, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Competition (biology), predator – prey interactions, Predation, Water hole, grouping strategies, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Herbivore, arid environments, Competition, Ecology, waterholes, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Cumulative effects, Interspecific competition, space limitation, 15. Life on land, Arid, Hydric soil, Animal Science and Zoology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Access to surface water is crucial for herbivores in arid ecosystems. Here, we build a game-theoretical model, based on an evolutionary algorithm, to study the influence of ecological factors on the temporal patterns of presence at waterholes in the herbivore community. In this model, we incorporate the specific features of arid environments, namely, the important hydric losses endured by individuals exposed during the warmest hours of the day, and competition for access to water, both within and between species. We also consider the presence of ambushing predators around waterholes, particularly during dark hours. In response to this predation regime, our model predicts a strong aggregative tendency in herbivores. The number of groups, however, is variable, as well as the time these groups choose to attend the waterhole, even if the total number of individuals is fixed. The reason is a multiplicity of possible evolutionarily stable strategies, corresponding to different responses to the trade-off between the advantages of grouping, in terms of risk dilution, and its costs, in terms of increased competition. This variety of possible behavioural responses affects, in turn, the moments when the waterhole is occupied, and the moments when the different species meet each other. In general, herbivores also respond to predation threat by avoiding coming to waterholes after dusk. However, the cumulative effects of a relatively high level of predation during the day and a high level of interspecific competition for access to water may induce an important presence of herbivores at the waterhole at night. Our predictions are discussed in the light of existing empirical studies.
Published: 2016

44. Between-gender differences in vigilance do not necessarily lead to differences in foraging-vigilance tradeoffs

Author: Olivier Pays, Pierrick Blanchard, Patrick Duncan, Daniel I. Rubenstein, Hervé Fritz, Florian Barnier, Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Ecologie quantitative et évolutive des communautés, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Princeton], Princeton University, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique - Laboratoire d’Etudes Environnementales des Systèmes Anthropisés (LETG-ANGERS), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Rochelle (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Male, Intake rate, Foraging, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Nutrient, Gender effect, Plains zebra, Animals, Lactation, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Herbivory, Anti-predator behaviour, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Herbivore, Sex Characteristics, Ecology, Reproduction, 05 social sciences, biology.organism_classification, Zebra, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Predatory Behavior, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Female, Demography, Sex characteristics, Herbivores
Abstract: International audience; When prey are time limited in their access to food, any trade-off involving time should ultimately affect their intake rate. In many herbivores, males and females experience different ecological pressures affecting their survival and reproduction because of differences in morphology, physiology and energy/nutrient requirements. If males and females have different vigilance strategies that affect their intake rates differently, they will suffer different foraging costs. This is particularly relevant in sexually monomorphic herbivores, where the two sexes have similar basal energy/nutrient requirements and risk of predation. We investigated how gender, reproductive status, age, group size, predation risk, and food biomass affected vigilance, intake rate, and their trade-off in a monomorphic species, the plains zebra (Equus quagga). Males were more vigilant than females, and lactating females were less vigilant than other females; the levels of vigilance were low (ca. 10 % of feeding time). The effects on time spent feeding, bite rates and intake rates were small and statistically not significant. Reproductive status did not affect the strength of the relationship between vigilance and intake rate, but intake rates increased with group size and, for adult females, were higher in tall grass. While gender and reproductive status were major drivers of vigilance, and group size and food biomass of the rate of food intake, males and females adjust their bite rates and food intake with vigilance in similar ways. Our results support the hypothesis that in monomorphic animals, males and females seem to make similar trade-offs (i.e. adjustments) between vigilance and intake rate.
Published: 2016

45. The Effect of Simulated African Wild Dog Presence on Anti-predator Behaviour of Kudu and Impala

Author: Hervé Fritz, Olivier Pays, Esther van der Meer, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, Ecology, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Predation, Lycaon pictus, Habitat, biology.animal, Herd, Aepyceros melampus, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Predator, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Vigilance (psychology), media_common
Abstract: International audience; In this study, we examined the behavioural, temporal and spatial effects of simulated African wild dog (Lycaon pictus) presence on its two main prey species: kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) and impala (Aepyceros melampus). We spread African wild dog faeces around waterholes and played African wild dog sounds at different intervals to mimic immediate and non-immediate predation pressure. We looked at anti-predator behaviour at both a herd and individual level and distinguished between high-quality (detracts from all other activities), high-cost vigilance and low-quality (used to monitor the surrounding in spare time), low-cost vigilance to determine costs involved. We found that simulated African wild dog presence had little effect on anti-predator behaviour of their free-ranging prey. Only when immediate predation risk was mimicked did kudu invest in (additional) high-quality vigilance, whereas impala showed no response. Regardless of direct cues of African wild dog presence, behavioural adjustments to reduce predation risk were primarily based on environmental factors such as time of the day and broad-scale habitat structure. Predators have been shown to utilize waterholes to hunt, and prey species are therefore likely to maximize anti-predator behaviour in this high-risk environment based on environmental variables affecting predation risk, the main predator within the system, and water requirements, leaving little flexibility to respond to (simulated) African wild dog presence.
Published: 2012

46. Collective Vigilance in the Greater Kudu: Towards a Better Understanding of Synchronization Patterns

Author: Etienne Sirot, Hervé Fritz, and Olivier Pays
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, biology, 05 social sciences, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Animal Science and Zoology, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Psychology, Social psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: Collective detection of predators is one of the main advantages of living in groups in prey species. However, the mechanisms linking individual and collective vigilance remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated individual and collective vigilance in a natural population of greater kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros), a gregarious ruminant living under high predation risk. Controlling for environmental, individual and group factors, we show that the proportion of time during which at least one individual was vigilant increased with group size, whereas individual investment in vigilance decreased. We also show that individuals tended to synchronize both vigilance and feeding activities. More generally, and whatever the considered group size, we demonstrate how the independent scanning assumption underestimated both the proportion of time during which no individual was vigilant and the proportion of time during which all individuals were simultaneously vigilant, but overestimated the proportion of time during which one vigilant individual only was present. Our results thus contrast with the point of view that the alternative to independent vigilance is coordinated vigilance and plead for a better description of the processes whereby reciprocal influences between individuals shape collective patterns of vigilance.
Published: 2011

47. Ontogenetic effects on stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in tests of live (Rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera from the Pakistan continental margin

Author: Frans Jorissen, Andreas Mackensen, Olivier Pays, Andrew J. Gooday, Stefanie Schumacher, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique - Angers (LPG-ANGERS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), National Oceanography Centre [Southampton] (NOC), University of Southampton, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: Oxygen and carbon stable isotopes, Oxygen minimum zone, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, δ13C, δ18O, Arabian Sea, Paleontology, Ontogenetic effect, Live benthic foraminifera, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Isotopes of oxygen, Test size, Foraminifera, Isotope fractionation, Continental margin, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Benthic zone, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience; We determined the stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of live (Rose Bengal stained) tests belonging to different size classes of two benthic foraminiferal species from the Pakistan continental margin. Samples were taken at two sites, with water depths of about 135 and 275 m, corresponding to the upper boundary and upper part of the core region of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). For Uvigerina ex gr. Uvigerina semiornata and Bolivina aff. Bolivina dilatata, δ13C and δ18O values increased significantly with increasing test size. In the case of Uvigerina ex gr. U. semiornata, δ13C increased linearly by about 0.105‰ for each 100-μm increment in test size, whereas δ18O increased by 0.02 to 0.06‰ per 100 μm increment. For Bolivina aff. B. dilatata the relationship between test size and stable isotopic composition is better described by logarithmic equations. A strong positive linear correlation is observed between δ18O and δ13C values of both taxa, with a constant ratio of δ18O and δ13C values close to 2:1. This suggests that the strong ontogenetic effect is mainly caused by kinetic isotope fractionation during CO2 uptake. Our data underline the necessity to base longer δ18O and δ13C isotope records derived from benthic foraminifera on size windows of 100 μm or less. This is already common practice in down-core isotopic studies of planktonic foraminifera.
Published: 2010

48. Olfactory and visual species recognition in newts and their role in hybridization

Author: Olivier Pays, Christophe Lemaire, F. Cazimajou, Aurélie Johanet, Z. Djalout, Jean Secondi, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Evolution, adaptation et comportement, Département écologie évolutive [LBBE], Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], vision, Lissotriton helveticus, Sensory system, Olfaction, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, Sensory ecology, Mating, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0303 health sciences, Lissotriton, Ecology, Sensory Ecology, biology.organism_classification, Multimodal Communication, Mate choice, Natural processes, Evolutionary biology, Animal Science and Zoology, olfaction
Abstract: International audience; Mating patterns between hybridizing taxa are often conditional to the mechanisms underlying species recognition. During mate choice, individuals often assess information displayed by potential mates on several sensory channels. The reliance on more than one modality is particularly expected whenever transmission conditions are variable or signals subject to wear. Determining the sensory bases of species recognition is, thus, crucial to assess the effect of the signalling environment on the hybridization process between species where mate choice occurs. We addressed this issue in two newt species, Lissotriton helveticus and L. vulgaris, that hybridize and breed in aquatic habitats disturbed by various natural processes. We measured visual and olfactory preferences in males and females. Visual and olfactory recognition was detected in L. helveticus males and L. vulgaris females. In contrast, we observed limited olfactory recognition in L. helveticus females and no evidence of recognition at all in L. vulgaris males. In addition, one single variable, body size, strongly influenced female preference. Ecological factors modulating visual signalling conditions and the body size ratio in males are, thus, likely to influence the probability of heterospecific mating. This study highlights the need to consider more largely environmental factors affecting communication in the hybridization process.
Published: 2010

49. How unpredictable is the individual scanning process in socially foraging mammals?

Author: Peter J. Jarman, Pierre-Cyril Renaud, Olivier Pays, François-René Favreau, Simon P. Blomberg, Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique (LETG-Angers), Littoral, Environnement, Télédétection, Géomatique UMR 6554 (LETG), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université d'Angers (UA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Géographie et d'Aménagement Régional de l'Université de Nantes (IGARUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Gamma distribution, Large mammalian herbivores, Kobus, Foraging, Zoology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, Capreolus, vigilance, biology.animal, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Anti-predator behaviour, 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Evolutionary Biology, biology, Ecology, 05 social sciences, Macropus giganteus, Poisson process, biology.organism_classification, Behavioural Sciences, Group living, Roe deer, Vigilance (behavioural ecology), Animal ecology, Exponential distribution, Animal Science and Zoology
Abstract: International audience; In group-forming prey species, theory assumes that individuals within groups should scan independently of one another, with vigilance sequences being relatively unpredictable, making interscan durations highly variable. We attempted to detect any divergence from randomness in the scanning process in three mammalian prey species phylogenetically and geographically separated and exposed to different levels of predation: waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus defassa, under a high observed predation risk, eastern grey kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, still experiencing occasional predation and European roe deer, Capreolus capreolus, under a very low natural predation risk. Our results revealed that the focal interscan duration increased when the duration of the preceding interscan increased, whatever the studied species and the predation risk that its individuals experienced, and decreased with the preceding scan duration in two species under, respectively, occasional and low predation risks. The exponential distribution was the tested model that fitted the observed distributions of interscan durations least well. We discuss what can trigger non-randomness in scanning, through a non-homogenous Poisson process, at both intra-individual and inter-individual levels, particularly with regard to previous studies that have demonstrated synchronisation of vigilance in such mammals. Our results suggest the need to reconsider any assumption of randomness in scanning in the basic model predicting form and frequency of scanning behaviour by prey species.
Published: 2009

50. Water Turbidity Affects the Development of Sexual Morphology in the Palmate Newt

Author: David Montembault, Olivier Pays, Jean Secondi, Stéphanie Boyer, David Violleau, and Aarélien Aumjaud
Subjects: Habitat, Mate choice, Ecology, Range (biology), Foraging, Seasonal breeder, Animal Science and Zoology, Morphology (biology), Biology, Turbidity, biology.organism_classification, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Triturus
Abstract: In theory, animal signals are designed to optimize transmission across a specific habitat. However, sexual signals characteristics often reflect habitat quality, a feature that does not necessarily match habitat structure. Besides, many species exploit a particular habitat for breeding so that the growth of sexual signals can depend on the additive effects of breeding and non-breeding habitats. We combined field and experimental data to investigate the relative effect of terrestrial and aquatic habitat on the development of sexual ornaments in the palmate newt, Triturus helveticus. This species exploits a large ecological range of habitats. Like many amphibians, it spends the breeding season in water and the rest of year on land. We tested the influence of terrestrial (forest cover) and aquatic habitat variables (turbidity, organic matter, pH, nitrate and chloride) on male sexual morphology. Neither terrestrial nor aquatic habitat variables accounted for body size variation. In contrast, the size of male sexual traits decreased with water turbidity, suggesting that the expression of visual signals matched the local conditions of signal transmission. We provide experimental evidence that this pattern is not caused by reduced foraging efficiency in turbid water. We propose alternative mechanisms to account for the relationship between turbidity and visual sexual signals, and discuss the consequences of small scale environmental variation on mate choice.
Published: 2007

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