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40 results on '"Oliver, Jonathan D."'

10. Dome1–JAK–STAT signaling between parasite and host integrates vector immunity and development

Author

Rana, Vipin S., primary, Kitsou, Chrysoula, additional, Dutta, Shraboni, additional, Ronzetti, Michael H., additional, Zhang, Min, additional, Bernard, Quentin, additional, Smith, Alexis A., additional, Tomás-Cortázar, Julen, additional, Yang, Xiuli, additional, Wu, Ming-Jie, additional, Kepple, Oleksandra, additional, Li, Weizhong, additional, Dwyer, Jennifer E., additional, Matias, Jaqueline, additional, Baljinnyam, Bolormaa, additional, Oliver, Jonathan D., additional, Rajeevan, Nallakkandi, additional, Pedra, Joao H F, additional, Narasimhan, Sukanya, additional, Wang, Yan, additional, Munderloh, Ulrike, additional, Fikrig, Erol, additional, Simeonov, Anton, additional, Anguita, Juan, additional, and Pal, Utpal, additional

Published
2023
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13. Population genetics of Ixodes scapularis Say, 1821 in the United States using microsatellite loci: more than a North-South phenomenon

Author

Beati, Lorenza, Ludwig, John M., Childs, Cynthia T., Patel, Jamin, Jigar Bhagatwala, Arsnoe, Isis M., Burke, Russell L., Ginsberg, Howard S., Hamer, Sarah A., Hickling, Graham J., LeBrun, Roger A., Ogden, Nicholas H., Oliver, Jonathan D., Tsao, Jean I., and De Meeûs, Thierry

Subjects
Ixodes scapularis, population genetics, microsatellites
Abstract

Uploaded files: Main manuscript:Beati_etal_Iscap_manuscript (contains text, images, tables, and appendices) Supplementary files: 1) Raw data;SupTableS1_Iscap_CURED_ALL.xlsx 2) Test results:SupFileS2_Iscap_Adults_CuredFstatRes.xlsx &nbsp

Published
2022
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30. An O-Methyltransferase Is Required for Infection of Tick Cells by Anaplasma phagocytophilum

Author

Oliva Chávez, Adela S., primary, Fairman, James W., additional, Felsheim, Roderick F., additional, Nelson, Curtis M., additional, Herron, Michael J., additional, Higgins, LeeAnn, additional, Burkhardt, Nicole Y., additional, Oliver, Jonathan D., additional, Markowski, Todd W., additional, Kurtti, Timothy J., additional, Edwards, Thomas E., additional, and Munderloh, Ulrike G., additional

Published
2015
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36. The identification of tick autophagy-related genes in Ixodes scapularisresponding to amino acid starvation

Author

Wang, Xin-Ru, Kurtti, Timothy J., Oliver, Jonathan D., and Munderloh, Ulrike G.

Abstract

Ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods and must tolerate starvation during off‐host periods. Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a well-conserved self-eating mechanism of cell survival and is essential for recycling cellular contents during periods of starvation, stress, and injury in organisms. Although the genome sequence of Ixodes scapularis(Say) is available, the characteristics and functions of autophagy-related gene families remain largely unknown. To advance our understanding of autophagy in I. scapularis, we used comprehensive genomic approaches to identify Atggenes. Homologues of 14 Atggenes were identified, and their protein motif compositions were predicted. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ATGs in I. scapulariswere evolutionarily closely related to their homologues in Haemaphysalis longicornisand Rhipicephalus microplusticks. Expression patterns of Atggenes differed across tick developmental stages. Immunofluorescence results by monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining indicated that autophagy was activated after amino acid starvation treatments in I. scapularisembryo-derived cell lines ISE6 and IDE8. Subsequently, the expression of key Atggenes involved in autophagy pathway in both cell lines were examined. In ISE6 cells, the expression levels of three Atggenes (Atg4B, Atg6and Atg8A) increased significantly after amino acid starvation; similarly, four Atggenes (Atg4A, Atg4B, Atg6and Atg8B) were upregulated in IDE8 cells in response to starvation. In parallel, the MDC and lysotracker staining results indicated that autophagy was triggered after amino acid starvation treatments in R. microplusembryo-derived cell line BME26. Our observations showed that Atgfamily genes are highly conserved in ticks and function in autophagy pathway induced by amino acid starvation. These results also provide valuable insight for further autophagy-related research as a new strategy for blocking the transmission of tick-borne pathogens.

Published
2020
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37. Infection of Immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by Membrane Feeding

Author

Oliver, Jonathan D., Lynn, Geoffrey E., Burkhardt, Nicole Y., Price, Lisa D., Nelson, Curtis M., Kurtti, Timothy J., and Munderloh, Ulrike G.

Abstract

A reduction in the use of animals in infectious disease research is desirable for animal welfare as well as for simplification and standardization of experiments. An artificial silicone-based membrane-feeding system was adapted for complete engorgement of adult and nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), and for infecting nymphs with pathogenic, tick-borne bacteria. Six wild-type and genetically transformed strains of four species of bacteria were inoculated into sterile bovine blood and fed to ticks. Pathogens were consistently detected in replete nymphs by polymerase chain reaction. Adult ticks that ingested bacteria as nymphs were evaluated for transstadial transmission. Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia muris-like agent showed high rates of transstadial transmission to adult ticks, whereas Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia monacensis demonstrated low rates of transstadial transmission/maintenance. Artificial membrane feeding can be used to routinely maintain nymphal and adult I. scapularis, and infect nymphs with tick-borne pathogens.

Published
2016
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38. The role of autophagy in tick-endosymbiont interactions: insights from Ixodes scapularis and Rickettsia buchneri .

Author

Wang X-R, Cull B, Oliver JD, Kurtti TJ, and Munderloh UG

Subjects
Animals, Ixodes microbiology, Rickettsia genetics, Tick-Borne Diseases microbiology
Abstract

Importance: Ticks are second only to mosquitoes in their importance as vectors of disease agents; however, tick-borne diseases (TBDs) account for the majority of all vector-borne disease cases in the United States (approximately 76.5%), according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports. Newly discovered tick species and their associated disease-causing pathogens, and anthropogenic and demographic factors also contribute to the emergence and re-emergence of TBDs. Thus, incorporating different tick control approaches based on a thorough knowledge of tick biology has great potential to prevent and eliminate TBDs in the future. Here we demonstrate that replication of a transovarially transmitted rickettsial endosymbiont depends on the tick's autophagy machinery but not on apoptosis. Our findings improve our understanding of the role of symbionts in tick biology and the potential to discover tick control approaches to prevent or manage TBDs., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2024
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39. Tick extracellular vesicles impair epidermal homeostasis through immune-epithelial networks during hematophagy.

Author

Marnin L, Bogale HN, Laukaitis-Yousey HJ, Valencia LM, Rolandelli A, O'Neal AJ, Ferraz CR, Schmitter-Sánchez AD, Cuevas EB, Nguyen TT, Leal-Galvan B, Rickert DM, Bruno VM, Tays Mendes M, Samaddar S, Rainer Butler L, Singh N, Cabrera Paz FE, Oliver JD, Jameson JM, Munderloh UG, Oliva Chávez AS, Mulenga A, Park S, Serre D, and Pedra JHF

Abstract

Hematophagous ectoparasites, such as ticks, rely on impaired wound healing for skin attachment and blood feeding. Wound healing has been extensively studied through the lens of inflammatory disorders and cancer, but limited attention has been given to arthropod-borne diseases. Here, we used orthogonal approaches combining single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), flow cytometry, murine genetics, and intravital microscopy to demonstrate how tick extracellular vesicles (EVs) disrupt networks involved in tissue repair. Impairment of EVs through silencing of the SNARE protein vamp33 negatively impacted ectoparasite feeding and survival in three medically relevant tick species, including Ixodes scapularis . Furthermore, I. scapularis EVs affected epidermal γδ T cell frequencies and co-receptor expression, which are essential for keratinocyte function. ScRNAseq analysis of the skin epidermis in wildtype animals exposed to vamp33 -deficient ticks revealed a unique cluster of keratinocytes with an overrepresentation of pathways connected to wound healing. This biological circuit was further implicated in arthropod fitness when tick EVs inhibited epithelial proliferation through the disruption of phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity and keratinocyte growth factor levels. Collectively, we uncovered a tick-targeted impairment of tissue repair via the resident γδ T cell-keratinocyte axis, which contributes to ectoparasite feeding.

Published
2023
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40. An Anaplasma phagocytophilum T4SS effector, AteA, is essential for tick infection.

Author

Park JM, Genera BM, Fahy D, Swallow KT, Nelson CM, Oliver JD, Shaw DK, Munderloh UG, and Brayton KA

Abstract

Pathogens must adapt to disparate environments in permissive host species, a feat that is especially pronounced for vector-borne microbes, which transition between vertebrate hosts and arthropod vectors to complete their lifecycles. Most knowledge about arthropod-vectored bacterial pathogens centers on their life in the mammalian host, where disease occurs. However, disease outbreaks are driven by the arthropod vectors. Adapting to the arthropod is critical for obligate intracellular rickettsial pathogens, as they depend on eukaryotic cells for survival. To manipulate the intracellular environment, these bacteria use Type IV Secretion Systems (T4SS) to deliver effectors into the host cell. To date, few rickettsial T4SS translocated effectors have been identified and have only been examined in the context of mammalian infection. We identified an effector from the tick-borne rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum , HGE1_02492, as critical for survival in tick cells and acquisition by ticks in vivo . Conversely, HGE1_02492 was dispensable during mammalian cell culture and murine infection. We show HGE1_02492 is translocatable in a T4SS-dependent manner to the host cell cytosol. In eukaryotic cells, the HGE1_02492 localized with cortical actin filaments, which is dependent on multiple sub-domains of the protein. HGE1_02492 is the first arthropod-vector specific T4SS translocated effector identified from a rickettsial pathogen. Moreover, the subcellular target of HGE1_02492 suggests that A. phagocytophilum is manipulating actin to enable arthropod colonization. Based on these findings, we propose the name AteA for Anaplasma ( phagocytophilum ) tick effector A. Altogether, we show that A. phagocytophilum uses distinct strategies to cycle between mammals and arthropods., Importance: Ticks are the number one vector of pathogens for livestock worldwide and for humans in the US. The biology of tick transmission is an understudied area. Understanding this critical interaction could provide opportunities to affect the course of disease spread. In this study we examined the zoonotic tick-borne agent Anaplasma phagocytophilum and identified a secreted protein, AteA, that is expressed in a tick-specific manner. These secreted proteins, termed effectors, are the first proteins to interact with the host environment. AteA is essential for survival in ticks and appears to interact with cortical actin. Most effector proteins are studied in the context of the mammalian host; however, understanding how this unique set of proteins affect tick transmission is critical to developing interventions.

Published
2023
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