Search

The present study aimed to compare the efficiency of different pens and animal flow configuration layouts in freestall pens using a robotic milking system (RMS) with guided flow based on the behavioral patterns of multiparous lactating Holstein dairy cows in a commercial farm. The behavior of 24 cows in freestall pens was evaluated, divided into 4 different stall configurations: original (OR), conversion (CVS), toll-booth I (TBI), and toll-booth II (TBII), each featuring distinct circulation layouts with different configurations of location, position, and number of guided-flow RMS equipment, feed bunk, water trough, commitment pen, sand beds, sorting gates, and one-way gate. Six multiparous cows, parity 2 or 3, with an average (± SD) of 180 ± 20 DIM, were randomly selected from each freestall pen for focal assessment of behavioral patterns. The location, position, and behavior of each animal were recorded in a field ethogram, with individual sequences recorded at 15-min intervals using the focal method during 6 nonconsecutive 10-h periods in each pen, and the proportion of observed time for each behavior was assessed. The pens differed in the number of available milking robots (1, 2, or 3), the number of animals per robot, the quantity and orientation of smart doors, and the placement of feed bunks, water troughs, and sand beds. A completely randomized experimental design was used to compare the 4 stalls, with a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, in which the medians of the treatments were then compared with the Dunn test at a significance level of 5%, using the Minitab software. The behavioral pattern of cows exhibited differences based on the stall configuration with RMS as a proportion of the observed time (60 h). The TBI stall configuration, where the animal needs to be milked to exit the milking robot, showed a higher percentage of observed time spent in the sand bed (68%) and lying position (64%) compared with other stalls, as a proportion of the observed time (60 h). Notably, the TBII stall exhibited a significant amount as a proportion of observed time (60 h) in the holding area (16%), possibly attributed to a layout with a higher number of animals per robot, emphasizing the importance of respecting the number of animals per robot when housing in a stall with RMS. Thus, spatial configuration and the density of robotic systems are factors that influence the behavioral pattern of dairy cows.

As zonas de amortecimento são espaços territoriais elaborados com o intuito de reduzir as perturbações ecológicas sobre as áreas protegidas, constituindo uma paisagem de necessário e contínuo monitoramento, com vistas a subsidiar a gestão dos ecossistemas. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo objetiva analisar o uso e a cobertura da terra na zona de amortecimento e sua influência na extensão dos efeitos de borda no Parque Estadual (PE) Mata do Pau-Ferro. Para tanto, realizou-se a classificação supervisionada de uma imagem orbital e a extração das classes mapeadas. Em seguida, estabeleceu-se um buffer de 500 metros no entorno imediato da área protegida, a fim de mensurar as áreas propagadoras e redutoras dos efeitos de borda. Por fim, conduziu-se simulações da extensão dos efeitos de borda. Como resultados, observou-se a predominância de pastagens, ocupando 50,73% da zona de amortecimento. A área propagadora de efeitos de borda compreendeu 64,38%, e a área redutora 35,62%. No perímetro, 56% apresentou capacidade de redução de efeitos de borda, à medida que 44% do contorno se comportou como propagador de efeitos de borda, indicando média vulnerabilidade. As simulações mostraram que até 45,98% da área protegida pode estar afetada. Logo, conclui-se que a matriz de pastagens está afetando os ecossistemas do PE Mata do Pau-Ferro.

Introdução: As Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCV) lideram o número de óbitos entre homens e mulheres. Contudo, em mulheres os prognósticos são piores, sugerindo haver fisiopatologia diferente para doenças e risco cardiovascular entre os sexos, ainda assim, mulheres são subdiagnosticadas e sub representadas em estudos sobre DCV. Objetivo: Avaliar o risco cardiovascular em mulheres em idade adulta em uma cidade da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com mulheres adultas no qual foram investigadas variáveis socioeconômicas, antropométricas e de predição do risco cardiovascular. As mulheres foram subdivididas em grupos: eutrofia, com sobrepeso e obesidade conforme o índice de massa corporal. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e dezembro de 2022. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas, pelo programa SPSS, sendo realizados os testes: Anova one-way, Kruskal - Wallis e correlação de Pearson, para dados paramétricos, não paramétricos e correlação, respectivamente. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 54 mulheres das quais 25,9% foram classificadas como eutróficas, 31,5% com sobrepeso e 42,6% com obesidade. O perfil socioeconômico foi semelhante entre os grupos, contudo, o grupo com obesidade apresentou índices elevados de: pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica; percentual de gordura corporal e maior risco cardiovascular. Também foram encontradas correlações entre o aumento da RCQ e o Escore de Framingham. Conclusões: Nossos achados descrevem correlações entre excesso de peso e presença de fatores de risco cardiovasculares modificáveis, podendo inferir que a redução do peso corporal contribua para a diminuição das doenças cardiovasculares.

A Educação Ambiental (EA) é uma ferramenta poderosa para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Com este entendimento e considerando que nos últimos anos a poluição plástica tornou-se um dos principais problemas ambientais no mundo, este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência do projeto de extensão universitária “Nossos Rios Sem Plástico” da Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR). O projeto promoveu ações de sensibilização quanto à poluição plástica e o seu impacto para os ecossistemas aquáticos da cidade de Boa Vista – Roraima, entre agosto/2022 e janeiro/2023. Dentre as ações, destaca-se a implantação da Segunda do Plástico no Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia da UFRR em que a comunidade entregou 94 kg de resíduos plásticos (RP) gerados em suas residências e a realização de mutirão envolvendo 69 voluntários para coleta de 392 kg resíduos sólidos na Praia do Caçari. Foi observada uma reflexão e sensibilização quanto à necessidade de mudança de hábito frente à poluição plástica e preservação ambiental, bem como entre a comunidade e a UFRR. As ações visam contribuir para a formação de cidadãos críticos responsáveis pela construção de uma sociedade sustentável e atendimento do acordo global contra a poluição plástica proposto pela Organização das Nações Unidas. Assim, a continuidade das ações se faz necessária para ampliar o processo de sensibilização em relação à proteção ambiental e EA. Palavras-chave: Extensão Universitária; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Resíduos Sólidos; Amazônia Our Rivers Without Plastic: Environmental Education regarding plastic pollution in water bodies in Boa Vista - Roraima Abstract: Environmental Education (EE) is a powerful tool for sustainable development. With this understanding and considering that plastic pollution has become one of the leading environmental problems in the world in recent years, this article presents a report of the university extension project “Our Rivers Without Plastic” (“Nossos Rios Sem Plástico”) of the Federal University of Roraima (UFRR). The project promoted awareness actions regarding plastic pollution and its impact on the aquatic ecosystems of Boa Vista – Roraima (Brazil) between August/2022 and January/2023. Among the actions, the implementation of Plastic Mondays at the UFRR Science and Technology Center stands out, in which the community delivered 94 kg of plastic waste (PW) generated in their homes, in addition to the joint effort involving 69 volunteers to collect 392 kg of solid waste at Caçari Beach. There was an awareness of the need to change habits in the face of plastic pollution and environmental preservation between the community and the UFRR. The actions aim to contribute to the formation of critical citizens responsible for building a sustainable society, and with the global agreement against plastic pollution proposed by the United Nations. Thus, it is necessary to expand awareness concerning environmental protection and EE. Keywords: University Extension; Sustainable development; Solid Waste; Amazon

Despite the recommendation to treat depression using transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), novel findings raise doubts over the tDCS’s efficacy in managing depressive episodes. Neurophysiologic approaches to understanding the specificities of brain responses to tDCS in patients with depression remain to be explored. Objective: Our aim was to compare immediate hemodynamic responses to tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC; F3-Fp2 montage) in patients with depressive disorder and in controls (no additional stimuli). Methods: Sixteen participants were allocated to the depression group and sixteen to the control group. Both groups received 2 mA tDCS for 20 min, using the F3-Fp2 montage. The hemodynamic effect over the DLPFC was assessed using functional near-infrared intracranial spectroscopy (fNIRS) positioned on the left supraorbital region (Fp1). Mean, minimal, and maximal values of baseline and post-stimulation rates of oxygen saturation (SatO2) were recorded. The oxygenated hemoglobin rates (HbO) were extracted. Results: Between-group differences were detected for minimal baseline rates of SatO2 and HbO levels. The depression group showed lower results compared to the control group at baseline. After the protocol, only the depression group showed increased minimal rates of SatO2 and HbO. The post-tDCS minimal rates were equal for both groups. Conclusions: The findings showed immediate anodal tDCS effects over DLPFC hemodynamics. The effects were exclusive to the lowest baseline rate group and did not affect the normal oxygen rate group. The minimal increase in SatO2 and HbO rates after the protocol in the depression group suggests that those with reduced cerebral perfusion may be more affected by tDCS.

Diets composed of whole flint corn grain (WCG) without any roughage source are often used in South American countries. The primary source of protein in theses diets is soybean meal. We hypothesized that the combination of different protein sources improves ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility. This study was carried out to assess the impacts of replacing 50% of the soybean meal by other protein sources on voluntary dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, efficiency of N utilization, efficiency of grain use, metabolic characteristics, and ingestive behavior of Nellore cattle fed WCG diets. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore Bulls (average BW = 651.6 ± 31.83 kg) were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design, randomly assigned to five diets consisting of 85% of WCG and 15% of pellet supplement with combination of different protein sources: SM - pellet supplement with soybean meal only; CM - soybean meal and cottonseed meal; SFM - soybean meal and sunflower meal; DDG - soybean meal and DDG; DDGS - soybean meal and DDGS. The replacement of 50% of soybean meal by DDG increased (P0.05) by protein sources. Protein sources also did not affect the grain-use efficiency (P>0.05), with an average value of 96.6% and only 3.4% of the corn grains recovered in the feces. The concentration of GGT enzyme was greatest (P

Abstract Background Dengue virus (DENV) is a Flaviviridae member classified into four antigenically distinct serotypes (DENV 1, 2, 3, and 4) and further subdivided genotypes. DENV3 is subdivided into four or five genotypes, depending on the classification adopted. Despite their high genetic proximity, as revealed by phylogenetic complete polyprotein analysis, DENV3 MG-20 and DENV3 PV_BR showed different neurovirulence in mice models. Our group identified six amino acid mutations in protein E, including the E62K and E123Q, which may affect interactions of hydrophobic clusters on domain II, thus leading to the observed differences in the studied viruses. Methods Human glioblastoma cells (U251) derived from a malignant glioblastoma tumor by explant technique were infected by the DENV3 GIL1 isolates DENV3 MG-20 and DENV3 PV_BR and analyzed by plaque assays and titration, optical, immunofluorescence, and transmission electronic microscopy. Results The two isolates showed different cytopathic effects (CPE) and fusogenic patterns, further confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence. Transmission electron microscopy revealed intense cytopathic effects in DENV3 MG-20 infected U251 cells, displaying endoplasmic reticulum hypertrophy and turgid vesicles with proteins and multiple viruses, distinct from DENV3 PV_BR infected cells. It is hypothesized that the different amino acids in the DENV3 MG-20 isolate are related to an increased membrane fusion ability in viral infection, thus facilitating immune system evasion and increased chances of central nervous system cell infection. Conclusion These results emphasize the biological differences between the isolates, which could be a critical factor in host-virus interaction and severe dengue development. Our study presents comparative results of highly similar isolates with the potential to generate more subsidies for a deeper understanding of the DENV pathogenesis. The neurotropism of the isolate DENV3 MG-20 (belonging to the DENV3 GI L1 genotype) showing infection of nervous system cells (U251) could contribute to understanding neurological dengue disease.

(1) Background: Dysregulated serum amino acids (AA) are known to be associated with obesity and risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) in adults, and recent studies support the same notion in the pubertal age. It is, however, unknown whether childhood overweight may already display alterations of circulating AA. (2) Methods: We used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)—targeted metabolomics to determine plasma concentrations of AA and AA-related molecules in 36 children aged 7–12 years with normal weight or overweight. Clinical and anthropometric parameters were measured. (3) Results: Overweight in children is associated with an altered AA profile, with increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and decreased glycine levels, with no clinically manifested metabolic conditions. Moreover, z-BMI was positively and negatively correlated with BCAA and glycine levels, respectively, even after adjustment for age and gender. We also found a correlation between the AA profile and clinical parameters such as lipids profile and glycemia. (4) Conclusions: A pattern of low glycine, and increased BCAA is correlated to z-BMI, total cholesterol, and triglycerides in overweight but otherwise healthy children. Our data suggest that, in childhood overweight, AA disturbances may precede other clinical parameters, thus providing an early indicator for the later development of metabolic disease.

It has been about 36 years since the first published paper about the calorimetry and adsorption (Cal-Ad) method by Prof. Drago. These separated methods are very old and important characterization tools for different molecules and materials, as recognized in chemistry. The idea of coupling these two techniques arose from the need to have more information about the thermodynamic parameters of a catalyst. The Cal-Ad method provides a measure of the magnitude (Ki), strength (−∆Hi), and quantity (ni) of sites present in a catalyst. The original idea is based on the application of the donor-acceptor concept using the Electrostatic Covalent Model, ECW in the areas of catalysis and material chemistry. Particularly, enthalpy measurements of acidity are directly related to the activity of various catalysts in a variety of reactions. Currently, more than twenty-five catalysts have been carefully characterized by this method in addition to spectroscopic and other thermal methods. Thus, this review seeks to present the fundamentals of the method and show different applications of the characterized catalysts for a variety of reactions in order to use these data as an alternative to choose a catalyst for an acid-dependent type reaction.

Abstract Objective To calculate the minimal important clinical difference (MICD) value for the Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores in a sample of patients submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Methods Primary, observational, retrospective, analytical study of participants submitted to anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction from March 2019 to December 2020 by the same surgeon, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months, analysis of knee function in the pre- and postoperative period by the Lysholm and IKDC scores, and answer to an anchor question at 6 months postoperatively for the calculation of the MICD of each score. Results A total of 59 patients participated in the study, with a mean age of 27.1 ± 5.7 years old. In the comparison between pre- and postoperative scores of all groups, there was an increase in values with statistical significance after intervention. The MICD was 5.5 for the Lysholm score, and the MICD value for the IKDC score could not be determined. Conclusion For the Lysholm score, the calculation of the MICD value by the anchor question method in the sample evaluated was 5.5. It was not possible to determine the value of the MICD for the IKDC score.

PurposeTo compare the external and internal load and subsequent recovery of football players after international tournament matches separated by 48 h vs. 72 h.MethodsA total of 14 male football players from the Brazilian National Team, competing in the 2019 South American Under-20 Championship, participated in the study. Match load was quantified using GPS variables and perceived exertion ratings (1). Additionally, before and 13–15 h after each match, players answered questions about the number of hours and quality of sleep, recovery status, and muscle soreness (0–10) and provided a blood sample for creatine kinase and reactive C-protein analysis. Values of all variables were compared between matches played with 48-h intervals (matches 1–4) and 72-h intervals (matches 5–8).ResultsNo significant differences in performance or perceptual parameters were observed between matches (p = 0.136–0.953). However, CK was higher in matches 1–4 compared to matches 5 and 6; and ΔPCR was higher in matches 2 and 3 compared to matches 5 and 6, and in match 4 compared to matches 5 and 8.ConclusionsAfter matches with a 48-h rest interval, players showed increased markers of inflammation and muscle damage compared to matches with a 72-h rest interval.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar, por meio de bases nacionais, em que medida as características profissionais, territoriais e dos sistemas de ensino se correlacionam à satisfação docente. Para tanto, analisamos dados levantados pelo questionário dos professores do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb) em 2019, cotejando as estatísticas - obtidas pela regressão logística binária - com os resultados de outros estudos sobre o tema. Diversas pesquisas apontam que a insatisfação profissional está relacionada ao mal-estar docente e à síndrome de Burnout, realidade que afeta, além da pessoa do professor, a própria qualidade da educação. Dada a relevância do tema, cresce o número de trabalhos que investigam os fatores que podem impactar a satisfação docente. No entanto, revisões sistemáticas detectam poucas pesquisas a respeito das características discutidas neste artigo e, quando tratam desses aspectos, elas não utilizam dados de abrangência nacional. Apesar de se mostrarem inconclusivos no tocante às características dos sistemas de ensino, os resultados obtidos demonstram que as características profissionais e territoriais são determinantes para a satisfação docente.

O serviço ecossistêmico de sequestro de carbono prestado pela cobertura florestal descreve o processo de captura do carbono atmosférico e sua incorporação na biomassa vegetal por meio da fotossíntese. O mapeamento desse serviço em unidades de conservação é de fundamental importância para evidenciar a contribuição das áreas protegidas para o bem-estar humano. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo mapear o serviço ecossistêmico de sequestro de carbono prestado pela vegetação florestal nativa do Parque Estadual Mata do Pau-Ferro e da Zona de Amortecimento no município de Areia, no estado da Paraíba. Para isso, foi utilizado o índice CO2flux, que resulta da integração entre os índices NDVI e sPRI. As capacidades de sequestro de carbono, mapeadas pelo índice, variam de não relevante a alta, com a capacidade baixa predominante na zona, enquanto a capacidade média é majoritária na Unidade de Conservação. As informações geradas por meio das técnicas empregadas reforçam a contribuição do espaço na ciclagem do carbono, funcionando como sumidouro. Por outro lado, a degradação da vegetação pode elevar as taxas de emissão e transformar a área em uma fonte. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a importância de áreas protegidas florestais para a manutenção do sequestro e armazenamento de carbono.

A resolução de sistemas lineares desempenha um papel fundamental em softwares de simulações computacionais baseadas em modelos matemáticos para o avanço de pesquisas científicas contemporâneas. Consequentemente, há uma demanda crescente por métodos numéricos e implementações eficientes para enfrentar esse desafio, em particular no contexto da engenharia biomédica onde deseja-se utilizar esses simuladores para criar gêmeos digitais de pacientes e estudar determinadas condições patológicas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar e identificar técnicas eficientes para resolver sistemas lineares relacionados ao problema da biomecânica cardíaca, acelerando assim as simulações relacionadas ao intrincado sistema cardiovascular humano. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram selecionados vários métodos multigrid disponíveis na biblioteca AmgX, que foram testados e analisados em termos do seu desempenho computacional. Como um passo inicial, problemas baseados na equação de Poisson, foram resolvidos considerando geometrias simplificadas e complexas como, por exemplo, um cubo e um ventrículo humano. Esse estudo revelou vantagens distintas associadas a cada método, dependendo da complexidade e do formato dos problemas em questão.

Background: Synovial hemangioma is a rare neoplastic lesion, which can result in recurrent hemarthrosis and pain. It can affect any joint, tendon, or bursa, withal those around the knee. The intra-articular lesion is more prevalent and is more frequently diagnosed in female children or young adults. Indications: Surgery is indicated when patients present with recurrent painful hemarthrosis that affect daily living and functionality. Technique Description: Diagnostic knee arthroscopy, initially without tourniquet inflation, was performed to detect and study the extent of the lesion. Afterwards, the tourniquet was inflated to proceed with the surgical excision. Medial parapatellar approach was performed, and limits of the hemangioma were identified. Wide resection was performed taking care to not damage the medial meniscus and medial condyle cartilage. Neoplastic lesion was sent to pathology analysis. The tourniquet was deflated and hemostasis checked because these lesions can present extensive bleeding. Results: Localized, well-circumscribed, and encapsulated lesions have been reported to usually present low recurrence rate when completely excised. Discussion/Conclusion: It is a rare disease, and around 200 cases have been reported; therefore, conclusions about treatment and outcomes rely mostly on case series and case reports. Early diagnosis and treatment are paramount to prevent degenerative changes secondary to recurrent hemarthrosis. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.

Objective: To analyze the existing state legislation, including not only the ordinary laws, but also their infralegal regulation and the state legislation on Hospital Dentistry. Material and Methods: A survey was carried out in the databases of the Legislative Assemblies of the Brazilian States and the Federal District, as well as the Regional and Federal Councils of Dentistry in Brazil. Subsequently, a survey was carried out in the databases of the Ministry of Health, State Dental Councils and Federal Dental Council in Brazil. Results: Only 8 Brazilian states have legislation in force regarding hospital dentistry, which represents 29.63% of the federative units. Among the Brazilian regions, the Midwest presented the highest prevalence of the laws found (37.50%), followed by the North (25%) and the other regions with the same coverage (12.50%). Also, an orientation and an ordinance from the Ministry of Health, six resolutions from the Federal Council of Dentistry, and a technical note from the National Health Surveillance Agency were found. Conclusion: Several States do not have rules on the subject, making it imperative to create a federal rule that not only imposes the presence of the dentist, but also regulates the proportion of the team, workload, and availability.

Abstract The invasion and establishment of An. stephensi mosquitoes in the Horn of Africa represents a significant regional threat, which may jeopardise malaria control, particularly in urban areas which were formally free from disease transmission. Novel vector surveillance methods are urgently needed, both agnostic to mosquito larval morphology, and simple to implement at the sampling stage. Using new multiplex TaqMan assays, specifically targeting An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti, we validated the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) for simultaneous vector detection in shared artificial breeding sites. Study findings demonstrated that An. stephensi and Ae. aegypti eDNA deposited by as few as one second instar larva in 1L of water was detectable. Characterization of molecular insecticide resistance mechanisms, using novel amplicon-sequencing panels for both vector species, was possible from eDNA shed by as few as 16–32 s instar larvae in 50 ml of water. An. stephensi eDNA, derived from emergent pupae for 24 h, was remarkably stable, and still detectable ~ 2 weeks later. eDNA surveillance has the potential to be implemented in local endemic communities and at points of country entry, to monitor the spread of invasive vector species. Further studies are required to validate the feasibility of this technique under field conditions.

Introduction: Although the adaptive immune responses to the CoronaVac vaccine are known, their dynamics in indigenous communities remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the humoral and cellular immune responses to CoronaVac (Sinovac Biotech Life Sciences, 2021 NCT05225285, Beijing, China), in immunized Brazilian indigenous individuals. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on indigenous Brazilian people between February 2021 and June 2021. Analyses of immune responses were carried out before (T1) and after a vaccination schedule was completed (T2). Demographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Results: We initially included 328 patients; among them, 120 (36.6%) had no SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from 106 patients during follow-up visits, of which 91 samples were analyzed by immunophenotyping assay to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T-cell response. Post-vaccination, the levels of memory B-cells and Natural Killer T-lymphocytes increased. Bororó village residents, females, and Terena ethnic group members had higher levels of anti-spike IgG antibodies post-vaccination, whereas alcohol and tobacco users had lower concentrations. Conclusions: To our best knowledge, this was the first comprehensive assessment of antibody and T-cell responses against CoronaVac vaccination in indigenous patients. Our findings showed that antibody response and T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 were present in most patients following the vaccination schedule.

ABSTRACT Objective The establishment of reference values for a subset of leukocytes is common in clinical practice, and ethnic variations are strongly associated with disease development. In Brazil, indigenous people are vulnerable to infections, and few studies have described the health and disease conditions of this population. This study aimed to provide reference values for immunological cell subsets in indigenous Brazilians living in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Methods Flow cytometry and 4-color combinations of monoclonal antibodies were used to characterize cells. A total of 115 healthy adults, mostly females (72%), were included in the study. The results are presented as mean and median (2.5%-97.5% percentiles) for T and B lymphocytes, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Natural Killer cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells, providing an average immunological profile for the population in question. Results The relative medians of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in women than in men in a healthy indigenous population. Conclusion To our knowledge, cell reference data from indigenous Brazilians are unknown in the literature. The immune cell results presented in this pioneering study will contribute to the clinical and laboratory evaluation of the Brazilian indigenous population, especially given the important differences when compared with other Brazilian ethnic groups.

Introdução: A discussão sobre trabalho e gênero tem apontado a vulnerabilidade da mulher na sociedade, no entanto, no âmbito da saúde mental, ainda são escassos os estudos que discutem essa temática na perspectiva da reabilitação psicossocial. Objetivos: Compreender as experiências de trabalho de mulheres vítimas de violência atendidas em um serviço de saúde mental. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo com a participação de 18 mulheres usuárias de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) de Brasília, Distrito Federal, as quais responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com o apoio da análise temática de conteúdo. Identificaram-se as seguintes categorias: o trabalho precarizado e informal; as diferentes formas de violência e sua relação com o trabalho; atravessamentos dos sonhos: onde as mulheres se sentem (in)capazes? O rótulo da loucura e a relação com o trabalho. Resultados: Identificaram-se várias influências associadas ao trabalho, sendo este, de modo geral, informal, no qual as participantes relataram relações precárias de exploração, violência e baixa remuneração. Considerações finais: As experiências de trabalho de mulheres vítimas de violência entrevistadas indicaram a necessidade de estratégias de empoderamento no âmbito da atenção psicossocial, para o enfrentamento dessa violência.

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar as respostas cardiovasculares durante o teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6') em mulheres obesas. Para isto a amostra foi composta por 69 voluntárias, que foram divididas em três grupos baseando-se no índice de massa corporal: 1) massa corporal normal (n=16); 2) sobrepeso (n=36) e 3) obeso (n=17). Todas as voluntárias realizaram o TC6' e durante o teste foram determinados a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), a frequência cardíaca (FC), e a distância percorrida. O grupo obeso apresentou uma resposta exacerbada da PAS (normal: 136,6 ± 4,8 mmHg vs. sobrepeso: 131,1 ± 2,8 mmHg vs. obeso: 156,5 ± 5,8 mmHg; p0,05) semelhante aos outros grupos. Além disso, os três grupos caminharam a mesma distância durante o teste, indicando capacidade física submáxima semelhante (normal: 442,8 ± 20,5 m vs. sobrepeso: 433,4 ± 10,4 m vs. obeso: 422,9 ± 18,6 m; p>0,05). Conclui-se que as mulheres obesas apresentaram uma resposta pressórica sistólica e diastólica exacerbada e frequência cardíaca semelhante aos grupos normal e sobrepeso durante o TC6’, apesar de apresentarem desempenho físico semelhante aos outros grupos.

High-risk newborns are exposed to neonatal conditions such as prematurity, very low birth weight, and congenital malformations that can affect development and behavior. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restraint and control measures have been identified as important stressor events and cumulative risk factors for behavioral changes in these children. This study examined social isolation-related factors that contribute to internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children already at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. This cross-sectional, multicenter study included 113 children (18 months to 9 years) who were followed in reference services for neonatal follow-up in tertiary units of the public health system in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Behavior was assessed using the child behavior checklist, and a structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic aspects. In the bivariate analysis, prematurity was associated with externalizing problems and change in eating habits with internalizing problems. The logistic model indicated that both parents having completed high school and both sharing care of the child were protective factors for behavioral problems; however, reports of sleep problems and living with another child were risk factors. In conclusion, the study identified internalizing and externalizing behavior problems related to prematurity and aspects of family structure and routine in children at risk. The findings confirm the importance of family functioning for child health and family-centered interventions.