89 results on '"Oliveira CH"'
Search Results
2. Intra and inter populational genetic variability in Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reiss. 1861, through RAPD markers
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A. Z. Carvalho, Cechet Ml, Zanin Em, Rogério Luis Cansian, Altemir José Mossi, O. Leontiev-Orlov, Sergio Echeverrigaray, and Oliveira Ch
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Genetic Markers ,molecular markers ,Population ,Zoology ,Biology ,espinheira santa ,populações naturais ,marcadores moleculares ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,Cluster Analysis ,Maytenus ilicifolia ,Genetic variability ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,conservação ,education ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Folk medicine ,education.field_of_study ,conservation ,Genetic Variation ,Maytenus ,Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique ,RAPD ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Threatened species ,lcsh:Q ,Gene pool ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,native populations - Abstract
Maytenus ilicifolia is a medicinal plant largely used in the South Brazilian folk medicine. The aim of this study was to quantify the intra and inter populational genetic variability in three populations of M. ilicifolia, focusing on the genetic conservation of this species, which has been threatened by anthropic action. RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers were used to analyze 30 plants of each of the three populations collected in the Alto Uruguai Gaúcho region. Fourteen selected primers generated a total of 158 bands, 71.5% of which were polymorphic. The comparison of Jaccard’s distances showed that the intra populational variation was higher than the inter populational variability, and cluster analysis allowed the separation of the three populations. Just 7.6% of the bands were specific of at least two populations. Data indicate that the analyzed M. ilicifolia populations represent a single genetic pool, and therefore any of the population thoroughly can represent the overall genetic variability of the species in the sampled region. Maytenus ilicifolia é uma planta medicinal bastante utilizada na medicina popular da região sul do Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar a variabilidade genética intra e interpopulacional em três populações de M. ilicifolia visando a conservação genética desta espécie, que se encontra ameaçada pela ação antrópica. Marcadores RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) foram utilizados para analisar 30 plantas de cada uma das três populações coletadas na região do Alto Uruguai Gaúcho. Foram selecionados 14 primers, que geraram 158 bandas, das quais 71,5% foram polimórficas. A comparação das distâncias de Jaccard mostraram que a variabilidade intra populacional foi maior que a interpopulacional, e a análise de agrupamentos permitiu a separação das três populações. Somente 7.6% das bandas foram específicas de pelo menos duas populações. Os resultados indicam que as populações de M. ilicifolia analisadas representam um único conjunto gênico, de tal forma que qualquer uma das populações pode representar a variabilidade genética geral da espécie na região.
- Published
- 2007
3. Terbinafine quantification in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry: application to a bioequivalence study
- Author
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de Moraes Mo, de Nucci G, Barrientos-Astigarraga Re, Bezerra Fa, de Moraes Me, and de Oliveira Ch
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Pharmacology ,Detection limit ,Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ,Chromatography ,Antifungal Agents ,Chemistry ,Electrospray ionization ,Bioequivalence ,Naphthalenes ,Tandem mass spectrometry ,High-performance liquid chromatography ,Crossover study ,Pharmacokinetics ,Therapeutic Equivalency ,medicine ,Terbinafine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,medicine.drug - Abstract
A method based on liquid chromatography with positive ion electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry is described for the determination of terbinafine in human plasma using naftifine as internal standard. The method has a chromatographic run time of 5 minutes and was linear in the range 1.0 to 2000 ng/mL. The limit of quantification was 1.0 ng/mL; the intraday precision was 3.6%, 3.8%, 3.5%, and 4.1%; and the intraday accuracy was -2.7%, 7.7%, 4.8%, and -2.7% for 5.0, 80.0, 250.0, and 1500.0 ng/mL, respectively. The interday precision was 4.9%, 1.7%, 2.4%, and 4.6% and the interday accuracy was 0.3%, 5.8%, 6.5%, and -1.4% for the same concentrations. This method was used in a bioequivalence study of two tablet formulations of terbinafine. Twenty-four healthy volunteers (both sexes) received a single oral dose of terbinafine (250 mg) in an open, randomized, two-period crossover study. The 90% CI of geometric mean ratios between Terbinafina (Medley S/A Industria Farmaceutica, Campinas, Brazil) and Lamisil (Novartis Biociencias S/A, Sao Paulo, Brazil) were 90.5% to 110.0% for C max, 92.2% to 108.1% for AUC last, and 91.3% to 107.5% for AUC 0-inf. Because the 90% CI for the above-mentioned parameters were included in the 80% to 125% interval proposed by the US FDA, the two formulations were considered bioequivalent in terms of rate and extent of absorption.
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- 2002
4. Intra and inter populational genetic variability in Maytenus ilicifolia Mart. ex Reiss. 1861, through RAPD markers
- Author
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Mossi, AJ., primary, Cansian, RL., additional, Leontiev-Orlov, O., additional, Zanin, EM., additional, Oliveira, CH., additional, Cechet, ML., additional, Carvalho, AZ., additional, and Echeverrigaray, S., additional
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- 2007
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5. Effect of plant species on P cycle-related microorganisms associated with litter decomposition and P soil availability: implications for agroforestry management
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Correa E, Carvalhais L, Utida M, Oliveira Christiane A, and Scotti Maria R
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Agroforestry System ,Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ,Land Restoration ,Litter Decomposition ,Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms ,Soil Phosphorus ,Forestry ,SD1-669.5 - Abstract
Cutting dry deciduous forest (preserved site) for wood supply in semi-arid Brazil has led to invasion of a pioneer shrub vegetation called “Carrasco” (disturbed site), which inhibits the sprouting of native species. A land restoration project was undertaken in a cleared Carrasco area where a mixed plantation of native species and Eucalyptus spp. (experimental site) was established to preserve the forest and ensure wood supply for the local population. We considered phosphorus as a limiting soil nutrient to plant growth, and we addressed the roles of litter decomposition and microbial activity on phosphorus release in the disturbed, preserved and experimental sites. The phosphorus released from leaf litter was affected by the vegetation type, which favored specific soil microbial populations during decomposition. The Carrasco vegetation predominantly favored arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as shown by root colonization in the litter bags; the Eucalyptus plants favored AMF and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EM), as well as phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM), and the intercropping system favored AMF and PSM groups. In contrast, the preserved site favored the PSM population. High phosphatase activity was found in the preserved and experimental sites in contrast to the Carrasco soil. Principal component analysis showed that AMF root colonization and phosphatase activity were the main parameters influencing the increase in soil phosphorus. Based on the above results, rehabilitation appeared to be underway in the experimental site, since the samples were more similar to the preserved site than to the disturbed site. This effect was attributed to Eucalyptus camaldulensis that promote the establishment of all phosphorus cycle-related microorganisms (AMF, EM and PSF). E. camaldulensis associated with mycorrhizal fungi and PSM are recommended for inclusion in agroforestry systems.
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- 2016
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6. New geological model of the Lagoa Real uraniferous albitites from Bahia (Brazil)
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Oliveira Chaves Alexandre
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lagoa real ,uraniferous albitites ,late-orogenic syenite ,la-icp-ms ,u-pb ,Geology ,QE1-996.5 - Published
- 2013
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7. Estimativa da digestibilidade aparente de nutrientes em dietas para eqüinos, com o uso de óxido crômico e indicadores internos
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Oliveira Chiara Albano de Araújo, Almeida Fernando Queiroz de, Valadares Filho Sebastião de Campos, Vieira Antônio Assis, Almeida Maria Izabel Vieira de, Corassa Anderson, Lopes Bruna Adese, and Macedo Robert
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digestibilidade ,eqüinos ,indicadores ,nutrientes ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
Foram realizados dois ensaios com o objetivo de avaliar a digestibilidade aparente de nutrientes em dietas para eqüinos, utilizando o método da coleta total de fezes e os indicadores óxido crômico, fibra em detergente ácido indigestível (FDAi), fibra em detergente neutro indigestível (FDNi), celulose indigestível (CELi), lignina (LIG) e cinzas insolúveis em detergente ácido (CIDA). No primeiro ensaio, foram utilizados cinco potros mestiços, alimentados com cinco dietas contendo níveis diferenciados de proteína bruta, mantendo a relação concentrado e volumoso em 50:50. O óxido crômico foi utilizado como indicador externo. No segundo ensaio, foram utilizados quatro potros mestiços, alimentados com dietas compostas por feno de coastcross como volumoso e concentrado nas proporções de 40:60, 60:40, 80:20 e 100:00. Nos dois ensaios, os teores de fibra em detergente ácido indigestível, fibra em detergente neutro indigestível, celulose indigestível, lignina e cinzas insolúveis em detergente ácido foram obtidos após incubação in vitro. No primeiro ensaio, a FDAi mostrou-se adequada como indicador interno para estimar a digestibilidade; a CELi, em ambos os ensaios, foi adequada como indicador interno para a estimativa da digestibilidade aparente de nutrientes em dietas para eqüinos. O óxido crômico apresentou baixa recuperação fecal no primeiro ensaio e a LIG, baixa recuperação fecal nos dois ensaios, subestimando os coeficientes de digestibilidade dos nutrientes, sendo inadequada sua utilização para estimativa da digestibilidade. A CIDA, em função da metodologia de coleta fecal, também mostrou-se inadequada para as estimativas de digestibilidade em eqüinos.
- Published
- 2003
8. Genomic basis of broad host range and environmental adaptability of Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and Rhizobium sp. PRF 81 which are used in inoculants for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
- Author
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Ormeño-Orrillo Ernesto, Menna Pâmela, Almeida Luiz Gonzaga P, Ollero Francisco Javier, Nicolás Marisa Fabiana, Pains Rodrigues Elisete, Shigueyoshi Nakatani Andre, Silva Batista Jesiane Stefânia, Oliveira Chueire Ligia Maria, Souza Rangel Celso, Ribeiro Vasconcelos Ana Tereza, Megías Manuel, Hungria Mariangela, and Martínez-Romero Esperanza
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Nodulation ,Nitrogen fixation ,Plant-microbe interactions ,Antimicrobial resistance ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Abstract Background Rhizobium tropici CIAT 899 and Rhizobium sp. PRF 81 are α-Proteobacteria that establish nitrogen-fixing symbioses with a range of legume hosts. These strains are broadly used in commercial inoculants for application to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in South America and Africa. Both strains display intrinsic resistance to several abiotic stressful conditions such as low soil pH and high temperatures, which are common in tropical environments, and to several antimicrobials, including pesticides. The genetic determinants of these interesting characteristics remain largely unknown. Results Genome sequencing revealed that CIAT 899 and PRF 81 share a highly-conserved symbiotic plasmid (pSym) that is present also in Rhizobium leucaenae CFN 299, a rhizobium displaying a similar host range. This pSym seems to have arisen by a co-integration event between two replicons. Remarkably, three distinct nodA genes were found in the pSym, a characteristic that may contribute to the broad host range of these rhizobia. Genes for biosynthesis and modulation of plant-hormone levels were also identified in the pSym. Analysis of genes involved in stress response showed that CIAT 899 and PRF 81 are well equipped to cope with low pH, high temperatures and also with oxidative and osmotic stresses. Interestingly, the genomes of CIAT 899 and PRF 81 had large numbers of genes encoding drug-efflux systems, which may explain their high resistance to antimicrobials. Genome analysis also revealed a wide array of traits that may allow these strains to be successful rhizosphere colonizers, including surface polysaccharides, uptake transporters and catabolic enzymes for nutrients, diverse iron-acquisition systems, cell wall-degrading enzymes, type I and IV pili, and novel T1SS and T5SS secreted adhesins. Conclusions Availability of the complete genome sequences of CIAT 899 and PRF 81 may be exploited in further efforts to understand the interaction of tropical rhizobia with common bean and other legume hosts.
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- 2012
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9. Comparative bioavailability of two losartan formulations in healthy human volunteers after a single dose administration
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Oliveira, C. H., Medeiros Silva, R., Santagada, V., Giuseppe Caliendo, Perissutti, E., Prado Galuppo, M., Marcondes Rezende, V., Barrientos-Astigarraga, R. E., Duarte Mendes, G., Nucci, G., Oliveira, Ch, MEDEIROS SILVA, R, Santagada, Vincenzo, Caliendo, Giuseppe, Perissutti, Elisa, PRADO GALOPPO, M, MARCONDES REZENDE, V, BARRIENTOS ASTIGARRAGA, Re, Duarte, Mende, and DE NUCCI, G.
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Adult ,Male ,Pharmacology ,Cross-Over Studies ,Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ,Biological Availability ,Losartan ,Mass Spectrometry ,Therapeutic Equivalency ,Area Under Curve ,Humans ,Female ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Antihypertensive Agents ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,Half-Life - Abstract
To compare the bioavailability of two potassic losartan immediate release tablet (50 mg) formulations (Losartan from Laboratórios Cristália Ltd., Brazil, as a test formulation and Cozaar from Merck SharpDohme Farmacêutica Ltd., Brazil, as a reference formulation) in 25 volunteers of both sexes.The study was conducted in an open, randomized, 2-period crossover design and a 1-week washout period. Plasma samples were obtained over a 24-hour interval. The concentrations of losartan and its active metabolite losartan acid were analyzed by combined reversed phase liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) with negative ion electrospray ionization using a selected ion monitoring method. From the losartan and losartan acid plasma concentrations vs. time curves the following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained: AUClast, AUC0-inf and Cmax.The geometric mean and respective 90% confidence interval (CI) of Losartan/Cozaar losartan percent ratios were 92.9% (82.2-105.0%) for Cmax, 99.0% (92.5-105.9%) for AUClast, and 99.1% (92.7-105.8%) for AUC0-inf. Furthermore, the geometric mean and respective 90% CI of Losartan/Cozaar losartan acid percent ratios were 98.5% (91.5-106.0%) for Cmax, 97.9% (93.3 102.7%) for AUClast, and 98.1% (93.6-102.9%) for AUC0-inf.Since the 90% CI for Cmax, AUClast and AUC0-inf were within the 80-125% interval proposed by the US Food and Drug Administration, it was concluded that the potassic losartan immediate release 50 mg tablet was bioequivalent to the Cozaar immediate release 50 mg tablet, according to both the rate and extent of absorption. While there were no significant differences in the bioequivalence assessed by either losartan or losartan acid, future bioequivalence studies on losartan may be performed by quantifying losartan alone as the parent compounds are more discriminative.
10. Sylvatic Mosquito Viromes in the Cerrado Biome of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Discovery of New Viruses and Implications for Arbovirus Transmission.
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Maia LJ, Silva AB, Oliveira CH, Campos FS, Silva LAD, Abreu FVS, and Ribeiro BM
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- Animals, Brazil, Genome, Viral, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Insect Viruses genetics, Insect Viruses classification, Insect Viruses isolation & purification, Arboviruses genetics, Arboviruses classification, Arboviruses isolation & purification, Virome genetics, Culicidae virology, Phylogeny, Arbovirus Infections transmission, Arbovirus Infections virology, Mosquito Vectors virology
- Abstract
Studies on animal virome have mainly concentrated on chordates and medically significant invertebrates, often overlooking sylvatic mosquitoes, constituting a major part of mosquito species diversity. Despite their potential role in arbovirus transmission, the viromes of sylvatic mosquitoes remain largely unexplored. These mosquitoes may also harbor insect-specific viruses (ISVs), affecting arboviral transmission dynamics. The Cerrado biome, known for rapid deforestation and its status as a biodiversity hotspot, offers an ideal setting for investigating mosquito viromes due to potential zoonotic spillover risks from land use changes. This study aimed to characterize the viromes of sylvatic mosquitoes collected from various locations within Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The total RNA was extracted from mosquito pools of Psorophora albipes , Sabethes albiprivus , Sa. chloropterus , Psorophora ferox , and Coquillettidia venezuelensis species, followed by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Bioinformatic analysis included quality control, contig assembly, and viral detection. Sequencing data analysis revealed 11 near-complete viral genomes (new viruses are indicated with asterisks) across seven viral families and one unassigned genus. These included: Xinmoviridae (Ferox mosquito mononega-like virus* and Albipes mosquito Gordis-like virus*), Phasmaviridae (Sabethes albiprivus phasmavirus*), Lispiviridae (Pedras lispivirus variant MG), Iflaviridae (Sabethes albiprivus iflavivirus*), Virgaviridae (Buriti virga-like virus variant MG and Sabethes albiprivus virgavirus 1*), Flaviviridae (Psorophora ferox flavivirus*), Mesoniviridae (Alphamesonivirus cavallyense variant MG), and the genus Negevirus (Biggie virus variant MG virus and Coquillettidia venezuelensis negevirus*). Moreover, the presence of ISVs and potential novel arboviruses underscores the need for ongoing surveillance and control strategies to mitigate the risk of emerging infectious diseases.
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- 2024
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11. High Frequencies of kdr Mutation and Chikungunya Infection in Aedes aegypti Population from Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Almeida-Souza PA, Oliveira CH, Brito LP, Teixeira TJ, Celestino IA, Penha GB, Dos Santos RM, Mendes WM, Ribeiro BM, Campos FS, Roehe PM, Guimarães NR, Iani FCM, Martins AJ, and Abreu FVS
- Abstract
The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) presents global health challenges, with Brazil experiencing outbreaks since its introduction in 2014. In 2023, following a CHIKV outbreak in Minas Gerais (MG), social media was used to optimize an entomological survey aimed at identifying vectors and viral lineages and assessing insecticide resistance. Following Instagram posts, residents with suspected CHIKV infection were able to schedule mosquito aspirations. In total, 421 mosquitoes (165 Aedes aegypti and 256 Culex quinquefasciatus ) were captured from 40 households in Salinas city (MG) and tested for the Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya viruses through RT-qPCR. Twelve of 57 pools (10 Ae. aegypti and two Cx. quinquefasciatus ) tested positive for CHIKV RNA. Viral RNA was also detected in the heads of nine Ae. aegypti , indicating viral dissemination but not in Cx. quinquefasciatus . Genome sequencing yielded the first near-complete genome from the 2023 outbreak, unveiling that the CHIKV strain belonged to the East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotype. Additionally, genetic analyses revealed high frequencies of kdr alleles, including in CHIKV-infected mosquitoes, suggesting resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in this Ae. aegypti population. Social media was important for guiding mosquito-capture efforts in CHIKV transmission hotspots, thus optimizing the opportunity for viral detection. These findings emphasize the urgent need for innovative vector studies and control strategies, as well as interdisciplinary approaches in public health interventions.
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- 2024
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12. Dietary Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Growth Performance, Gut Morphometry, and Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in LPS-Challenged Broilers.
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Dias KMM, Oliveira CH, Calderano AA, Rostagno HS, Gomes KM, O'Connor KE, Davis R, Walsh M, Britton J, Altieri EA, and Albino LFT
- Abstract
This study assessed the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on 8- to 20-day-old broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 180 Cobb500™ male chicks were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups, each comprising 10 replicates with 6 birds per replicate. Treatments included a control diet (CON), CON with LPS administration, and CON + LPS supplemented with 10 mg of HT/kg of feed. LPS was administered intraperitoneally on days 14, 16, 18, and 20. Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. On day 20, ten birds per treatment were slaughtered for analysis. Bursa, spleen, and liver were collected, and their respective relative weight was determined. The jejunum was destined for morphological analyses of villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), and their ratio (VH:CD), and for mRNA expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and interleukins 10 (IL-10), 1 beta (IL-1β), and 8 (IL-8). HT improved BW, BWG, and FCR, and reduced crypt depth (CD) while increasing the VH:CD ratio in the jejunum. Moreover, HT downregulated mRNA expression of CAT, GPx, IL-10, and IL-1β. In conclusion, HT enhances broiler growth performance, mitigates jejunal mucosa damage from LPS, and modulates antioxidant and immune responses.
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- 2024
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13. Characterization of Aeromonas Isolates from Ornamental Fish: Species, Virulence Genes, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility.
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de Oliveira CH, Moreno LZ, Cardoso PHM, Silva APS, Gomes VTM, Barbosa MRF, Balian SC, and Moreno AM
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This study aimed to characterize 300 Aeromonas spp. strains isolated from 123 ornamental fish of 32 different species presenting with septicemia, skin lesions, and/or eye lesions. Within the 300 strains, 53.0% were identified as A. veronii , 41.3% as A. hydrophila , and 5.7% as A. caviae . Among the six virulence genes investigated, the most frequent were act (90.3%) and aer (79.3%). More than 50% of A. hydrophila strains were positive for all the studied genes. A total of 30 virulence profiles were identified, with the five main profiles identified comprising 75% of strains. Only five strains were negative for all genes and were identified as A. caviae and A. veronii . The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was performed for 234 strains, with sulfonamides presenting more than 50% of the resistance rates. Susceptibility was observed mainly for cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol and piperacillin-tazobactam. Multidrug resistance was detected in 82.5% of the studied strains, including A. caviae with 100% multidrug resistance, and A. hydrophila with 90.9% multidrug resistance. The SE-AFLP analysis resulted in 66 genotypes of A. hydrophila , 118 genotypes of A. veronii , and 14 genotypes of A. caviae , demonstrating the greater heterogeneity of A. veronii and A. caviae . However, no direct correlation was observed between the genotypes and the strains' origins or virulence and resistance profiles.
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- 2024
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14. Effects of Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Performance, Fat and Blood Parameters of Broiler Chickens.
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Dias KMM, Oliveira CH, Calderano AA, Rostagno HS, O'Connor KE, Davis R, Walsh M, Britton J, Altieri EA, and Albino LFT
- Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on performance, fat, and blood parameters of broilers. In total, 960 male chicks were distributed into four treatments groups with 12 replicates with 20 birds per pen, with varying HT levels (0, 5, 10, and 50 mg/kg of feed) added to the basal diet from 1 to 42 days old. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were evaluated. Enzymes related to liver injury were evaluated in blood. Fatty acid profile and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration were determined in the breast meat. Dietary supplementation of HT did not improve broilers' performance ( p > 0.05). Birds fed 50 mg HT/kg had lower AST, ALT, and GGT concentrations ( p ≤ 0.05), whereas broilers fed 5, 10, and 50 mg HT/kg, had lower TBIL concentrations ( p ≤ 0.05). Breast meat of broilers fed 50 mg HT/kg had lower lipid content, saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acids, MDA concentrations ( p ≤ 0.05), and polyunsaturated fatty acids ( p < 0.0001). In summary, supplementation of 5, 10, and 50 mg HT/kg does not improve the performance of broilers, but the dose of 50 mg HT/kg helps the liver against inflammation and improves fat parameters.
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- 2023
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15. Arbovirus surveillance in mosquitoes: Historical methods, emerging technologies, and challenges ahead.
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Maia LJ, Oliveira CH, Silva AB, Souza PAA, Müller NFD, Cardoso JDC, Ribeiro BM, Abreu FVS, and Campos FS
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- Animals, Humans, Mosquito Vectors, Arboviruses, Culicidae, Arbovirus Infections
- Abstract
Arboviruses cause millions of infections each year; however, only limited options are available for treatment and pharmacological prevention. Mosquitoes are among the most important vectors for the transmission of several pathogens to humans. Despite advances, the sampling, viral detection, and control methods for these insects remain ineffective. Challenges arise with the increase in mosquito populations due to climate change, insecticide resistance, and human interference affecting natural habitats, which contribute to the increasing difficulty in controlling the spread of arboviruses. Therefore, prioritizing arbovirus surveillance is essential for effective epidemic preparedness. In this review, we offer a concise historical account of the discovery and monitoring of arboviruses in mosquitoes, from mosquito capture to viral detection. We then analyzed the advantages and limitations of these traditional methods. Furthermore, we investigated the potential of emerging technologies to address these limitations, including the implementation of next-generation sequencing, paper-based devices, spectroscopic detectors, and synthetic biosensors. We also provide perspectives on recurring issues and areas of interest such as insect-specific viruses., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
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- 2023
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16. Research Note: Nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy and standardized ileal amino acid digestibility determination of high-protein dried distiller's grains and corn bran with solubles for broilers.
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Dias KMM, Oliveira CH, Calderano AA, Bernardes RD, Ribeiro AM, Lima IL, Mike BP, Rostagno HS, and Albino LFT
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- Animals, Chickens metabolism, Zea mays chemistry, Nitrogen metabolism, Animal Feed analysis, Amino Acids, Essential metabolism, Ileum metabolism, Energy Metabolism, Diet veterinary, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Amino Acids metabolism, Digestion
- Abstract
Metabolism and digestibility trials were performed on broiler chickens to determine 1) nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) using total excreta collection and 2) standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) using the ileal digesta collection from high-protein dried distillers' grains (HP-DDG) and corn bran with solubles (CBS). The results of the metabolism trial indicated that AMEn values for HP-DDG and CBS were 3,334 kcal/kg and 2,083 kcal/kg on dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. Concerning the HP-DDG, the digestibility trial resulted in the following SIAAD values and digestible concentrations, respectively: 80.33% and 1.09 for Lys, 85.95% and 1.44 for Met + Cys, 75.58% and 1.24 for Thr, 89.58% and 1.66 for Arg, 84.91% and 1.08 for His, 86.37% and 1.35 for Ile, 90.64% and 4.56 for Leu, 85.76% and 1.80 for Val, and 88.67% and 1.90 for Phe. Concerning the CBS, the following SIAAD values and digestible concentrations were measured, respectively: 79.29% and 0.44 for Lys, 89.57% and 0.31 for Met + Cys, 78.89% and 0.40 for Thr, 92.28% and 0.66 for Arg, 87.48% and 0.36 for His, 93.40% and 0.35 for Ile, 92.27% and 1.01 for Leu, 90.97% and 0.51 for Val, and 88.81% and 0.45 for Phe. The digestibility average of CBS is 88.45% for essential amino acids and 85.21% for nonessential amino acids, whereas the digestibility average of HP-DDG is 85.83% for essential amino acids and 83.83% for nonessential amino acids., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2023
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17. Yellow Fever Virus Maintained by Sabethes Mosquitoes during the Dry Season in Cerrado, a Semiarid Region of Brazil, in 2021.
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de Oliveira CH, Andrade MS, Campos FS, da C Cardoso J, Gonçalves-Dos-Santos ME, Oliveira RS, Aquino-Teixeira SM, Campos AA, Almeida MA, Simonini-Teixeira D, da P Sevá A, Temponi AOD, Magalhães FM, da Silva Menezes AS, Lopes BT, Almeida HP, Pedroso AL, Gonçalves GP, Chaves DCC, de Menezes GG, Bernal-Valle S, Müller NF, Janssen L, Dos Santos E, Mares-Guia MA, Albuquerque GR, Romano AP, Franco AC, Ribeiro BM, Roehe PM, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, and de Abreu FVS
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- Humans, Animals, Seasons, Brazil epidemiology, Mosquito Vectors, Yellow fever virus genetics, Culicidae
- Abstract
In recent decades, waves of yellow fever virus (YFV) from the Amazon Rainforest have spread and caused outbreaks in other regions of Brazil, including the Cerrado, a savannah-like biome through which YFV usually moves before arriving at the Atlantic Forest. To identify the vectors involved in the maintenance of the virus in semiarid environments, an entomological survey was conducted after confirmation of yellow fever (YF) epizootics at the peak of the dry season in the Cerrado areas of the state of Minas Gerais. In total, 917 mosquitoes from 13 taxa were collected and tested for the presence of YFV. Interestingly, mosquitoes of the Sabethes genus represented 95% of the diurnal captured specimens, displaying a peak of biting activity never previously recorded, between 4:30 and 5:30 p.m. Molecular analysis identified three YFV-positive pools, two from Sabethes chloropterus -from which near-complete genomes were generated-and one from Sa. albiprivus , whose low viral load prevented sequencing. Sa. chloropterus was considered the primary vector due to the high number of copies of YFV RNA and the high relative abundance detected. Its bionomic characteristics allow its survival in dry places and dry time periods. For the first time in Brazil, Sa. albiprivus was found to be naturally infected with YFV and may have played a role as a secondary vector. Despite its high relative abundance, fewer copies of viral RNA were found, as well as a lower Minimum Infection Rate (MIR). Genomic and phylogeographic analysis showed that the virus clustered in the sub-lineage YFV
PA-MG , which circulated in Pará in 2017 and then spread into other regions of the country. The results reported here contribute to the understanding of the epidemiology and mechanisms of YFV dispersion and maintenance, especially in adverse weather conditions. The intense viral circulation, even outside the seasonal period, increases the importance of surveillance and YFV vaccination to protect human populations in affected areas.- Published
- 2023
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18. Research Note: The influence of different isoleucine: lysine ratios on the growth performance of broiler chickens fed low-protein diets.
- Author
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Oliveira CH, Bernardes RD, Dias KMM, Ribeiro AM, Rodrigueiro RJB, Koo BK, Tak J, Park C, Calderano AA, and Albino LFT
- Subjects
- Animals, Male, Diet, Protein-Restricted veterinary, Chickens metabolism, Digestion, Diet veterinary, Body Weight, Weight Gain, Animal Feed analysis, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Lysine metabolism, Isoleucine
- Abstract
Two trials were carried out to assess the effects of different ratios of standardized ileal digestible isoleucine:lysine (SID Ile:Lys) on the growth performance of broiler chickens fed low-protein diets. A total of 1,320 male chickens were distributed in each trial into 6 treatments, with 10 replicates with 22 birds each. A control diet was formulated that satisfied the nutritional requirements of the broilers, and a low-protein diet was formulated with reduced protein content, meeting broiler nutritional requirements, except for the SID Ile levels. Five SID Ile:Lys ratios (56%, 61%, 66%, 71%, and 76%) were obtained by adding l-isoleucine to the low-protein diet. The body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated from day 1 to day 21 in trial 1, and from day 22 to day 44 in trial 2. ANOVA was performed on the data, and the treatments were compared to the control group using Dunnett's test (P ≤ 0.05). Regression analyses were performed for modeling the variables assessed and the ratios of SID Ile:Lys. There was no significant difference between the treatments on ADFI of birds (P > 0.05). The BW, BWG, and FCR showed a quadratic effect as the SID Ile:Lys ratio increased in low-protein diets in trials 1 and 2 (P ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the recommended ratio of SID Ile:Lys in low-protein diets for growth performance is around 66% for broiler chickens from 1 to 21 d old and is around 65% for broiler chickens from 22 to 44 d old., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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19. Fast surveillance response reveals the introduction of a new yellow fever virus sub-lineage in 2021, in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Andrade MS, Campos FS, Oliveira CH, Oliveira RS, Campos AAS, Almeida MAB, Fonseca VS, Simonini-Teixeira D, Sevá ADP, Temponi AOD, Magalhães FM, Chaves DCC, Pereira MA, Lamounier LO, Menezes GG, Aquino-Teixeira SM, Gonçalves-Dos-Santos ME, Bernal-Valle S, Müller NFD, Cardoso JDC, Santos ED, Mares-Guia MA, Albuquerque GR, Romano APM, Franco AC, Ribeiro BM, Roehe PM, and Abreu FVS
- Subjects
- Phylogeny, Brazil epidemiology, Yellow fever virus genetics
- Abstract
Background: In Brazil, the yellow fever virus (YFV) is maintained in a sylvatic cycle involving wild mosquitoes and non-human primates (NHPs). The virus is endemic to the Amazon region; however, waves of epidemic expansion reaching other Brazilian states sporadically occur, eventually causing spillovers to humans., Objectives: To report a surveillance effort that led to the first confirmation of YFV in NHPs in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), Southeast region, in 2021., Methods: A surveillance network was created, encompassing the technology of smartphone applications and coordinated actions of several research institutions and health services to monitor and investigate NHP epizootics., Findings: When alerts were spread through the network, samples from NHPs were collected and YFV infection confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and genome sequencing at an interval of only 10 days. Near-complete genomes were generated using the Nanopore MinION sequencer. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that viral genomes were related to the South American genotype I, clustering with a genome detected in the Amazon region (state of Pará) in 2017, named YFVPA/MG sub-lineage. Fast YFV confirmation potentialised vaccination campaigns., Main Conclusions: A new YFV introduction was detected in MG 6 years after the beginning of the major outbreak reported in the state (2015-2018). The YFV strain was not related to the sub-lineages previously reported in MG. No human cases have been reported, suggesting the importance of coordinated surveillance of NHPs using available technologies and supporting laboratories to ensure a quick response and implementation of contingency measures to avoid YFV spillover to humans.
- Published
- 2022
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20. The effects of arginine supplementation through different ratios of arginine:lysine on performance, skin quality and creatine levels of broiler chickens fed diets reduced in protein content.
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Oliveira CH, Dias KMM, Bernardes RD, Diana TF, Rodrigueiro RJB, Calderano AA, and Albino LFT
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- Animals, Male, Animal Feed analysis, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Arginine metabolism, Body Weight, Creatine metabolism, Diet veterinary, Dietary Supplements analysis, Lysine metabolism, Proteins metabolism, Chickens physiology
- Abstract
Two trials were carried out to assess the effects of arginine supplementation through ratios of digestible arginine:lysine on growth performance, skin quality and creatine levels in muscle and serum of broiler chickens fed diets reduced in protein content. A total of 1,540 Cobb500 male chickens were distributed into 7 treatments, with 10 replicates with 22 birds each. The experimental diets were based on corn and soybean meal, and a control diet was formulated to satisfy broiler nutritional requirements. A basal diet with reduced protein content was formulated to meet broiler nutritional requirements, except for SID Arg levels. The experimental diets were obtained by adding L-arginine to basal diets, meeting 6 different SID Arg:Lys ratios (94, 100, 106, 112, 118, and 124%). Body weight, body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were evaluated from 01 to 21 d old (trial 1) and from 22 to 44 d old (trial 2). At 21 and 44 d, in trials 1 and 2, respectively, birds were slaughtered to assess skin thickness (ST), skin strength (SS), creatine level in muscle (CRM) and serum (CRS). Data were subjected to ANOVA, and treatments were compared to the control group by Dunnett's test (P ≤ 0.05). Regression analyses were performed to model the variables assessed and the ratios of SID Arg:Lys. The SID Arg:Lys ratios did not affect ADFI of broilers in both trials (P > 0.05), whereas it linearly increased the BW, BWG, and ST, in both trials (P < 0.001). The FCR of broilers linearly decreased, in trial 1 (P = 0.038) and trial 2 (P < 0.001). The CRM of birds had a linear effect (P < 0.001) in trial 1, and a quadratic effect (P = 0.001) in trial 2. The CRS and SS of broilers linearly increased, in trial 2 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, increasing SID Arg:Lys ratios in diets reduced CP enhanced growth performance, skin quality and CR levels in muscle and serum of broiler chickens from 01 to 21 and 22 to 44 d old., (Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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21. MGAT2 inhibitor decreases liver fibrosis and inflammation in murine NASH models and reduces body weight in human adults with obesity.
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Cheng D, Zinker BA, Luo Y, Shipkova P, De Oliveira CH, Krishna G, Brown EA, Boehm SL, Tirucherai GS, Gu H, Ma Z, Chu CH, Onorato JM, Kopcho LM, Ammar R, Smith J, Devasthale P, Lawrence RM, Stryker SA, Dierks EA, Azzara AV, Carayannopoulos L, Charles ED, Lentz KA, and Gordon DA
- Subjects
- Animals, Humans, Mice, Body Weight, Inflammation drug therapy, Liver Cirrhosis drug therapy, Adult, Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease drug therapy, Obesity drug therapy
- Abstract
Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (MGAT2) is an important enzyme highly expressed in the human small intestine and liver for the regulation of triglyceride absorption and homeostasis. We report that treatment with BMS-963272, a potent and selective MGAT2 inhibitor, decreased inflammation and fibrosis in CDAHFD and STAM, two murine nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models. In high-fat-diet-treated cynomolgus monkeys, in contrast to a selective diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) inhibitor, BMS-963272 did not cause diarrhea. In a Phase 1 multiple-dose trial of healthy human adults with obesity (NCT04116632), BMS-963272 was safe and well tolerated with no treatment discontinuations due to adverse events. Consistent with the findings in rodent models, BMS-963272 elevated plasma long-chain dicarboxylic acid, indicating robust pharmacodynamic biomarker modulation; increased gut hormones GLP-1 and PYY; and decreased body weight in human subjects. These data suggest MGAT2 inhibition is a promising therapeutic opportunity for NASH, a disease with high unmet medical needs., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests A.V.A., R.A., and S.A.S. were employees of Bristol Myers Squibb when the studies were conducted. All other authors are current employees of Bristol Myers Squibb and have Bristol Myers Squibb stock., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2022
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22. Effects of incubation temperature on development, morphology, and thermal physiology of the emerging Neotropical lizard model organism Tropidurus torquatus.
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De-Lima AKS, de Oliveira CH, Pic-Taylor A, and Klaczko J
- Subjects
- Animals, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Female, Global Warming, Temperature, Lizards physiology
- Abstract
Incubation temperature is among the main phenotypic trait variation drivers studied since the developmental trajectory of oviparous animals is directly affected by environmental conditions. In the last decades, global warming predictions have aroused interest in understanding its impacts on biodiversity. It is predicted that the effects of direct warming will be exacerbated by other anthropogenic factors, such as microclimatic edge effects. Although the Brazilian Cerrado biome is one of the most affected by these issues, little is known about the aforementioned effects on its biodiversity. Therefore, the aim of our study is to investigate the influence of incubation temperature on developmental parameters, morphology and thermal physiology traits of the collared lizard (Tropidurus torquatus). Furthermore, we discuss our findings regarding lizard developmental biology and the climate change paradigm. Therefore, we incubated T. torquatus eggs under five temperature regimes ranging from artificial nest temperature (28.7 °C) to 35.0 °C. We found that elevated incubation temperatures affect several investigated traits: egg mass gain is positively affected, without any influence in newborn mass; incubation period is broadly reduced with temperature increase; survival rate is negatively affected by temperature, constant 35.0 °C regime is confirmed as a lethal incubation temperature, and the sex ratio is affected at 30.0 °C, with a prevailing outbreak of females. Increased incubation temperature also affects body and head size but has no effect on limb size. Newborn thermoregulation and the critical thermal maximum (CT
max ) are not affected by incubation temperature. On the other hand, basal body temperature (Tbb ) and the critical thermal minimum (CTmin ) were positively affected. Thermal physiology was also affected by age, with newborns differing from adults for all analyzed thermal traits. Our findings indicate that future modifications in incubation temperature regimes at nesting sites caused by warming may affect several features of the development, morphology, and thermal physiology of newborns of this species. Laboratory experiments have pointed to possible drastic effects of warming on lizard survival rates, also affecting aspects of its natural history and population distribution. Moreover, in addition to being more vulnerable than adults in aspects such as predation and feeding, T. torquatus newborns are also more vulnerable regarding thermal physiological traits., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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23. Serological Evidence of Orthopoxvirus Infection in Neotropical Primates in Brazil.
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Abreu FVS, Lorene Soares Rocha K, Silva-Oliveira R, Macedo MV, Silva TGM, Gonçalves-Dos-Santos ME, de Oliveira CH, Aquino-Teixeira SM, Ottone VO, da Silva AJJ, Dos Santos RM, Tátila-Ferreira A, Almeida MAB, Dos Santos E, da Cruz Cardoso J, Campos AAS, Albuquerque GR, da Paixão Sevá A, Ribeiro BM, Simonini Teixeira D, Campos FS, Franco AC, Roehe PM, de Souza Trindade G, and Bretas de Oliveira D
- Abstract
The genus Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) of the family Poxviridae comprises several viruses that are capable of infecting a wide range of hosts. One of the most widespread OPXVs is the Vaccinia virus (VACV), which circulates in zoonotic cycles in South America, especially in Brazil, infecting domestic and wild animals and humans and causing economic losses as well as impacting public health. Despite this, little is known about the presence and/or exposure of neotropical primates to orthopoxviruses in the country. In this study, we report the results of a search for evidence of OPVX infections in neotropical free-living primates in the state of Minas Gerais, southeast Brazil. The sera or liver tissues of 63 neotropical primates were examined through plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT) and real-time PCR. OPXV-specific neutralizing antibodies were detected in two sera (4.5%) from Callithrix penicillata , showing 55% and 85% reduction in plaque counts, evidencing their previous exposure to the virus. Both individuals were collected in urban areas. All real-time PCR assays were negative. This is the first time that evidence of OPXV exposure has been detected in C. penicillata , a species that usually lives at the interface between cities and forests, increasing risks of zoonotic transmissions through spillover/spillback events. In this way, studies on the circulation of OPXV in neotropical free-living primates are necessary, especially now, with the monkeypox virus being detected in new regions of the planet.
- Published
- 2022
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24. No Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Neotropical Primates Sampled During COVID-19 Pandemic in Minas Gerais and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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de Abreu FVS, Macedo MV, da Silva AJJ, de Oliveira CH, de Ottone VO, de Almeida MAB, Dos Santos E, da Cardoso JC, Campos AS, da Silva CMD, da Silva AG, de Andrade MS, Bernis VMO, Bernis Filho WO, de Trindade GS, Albuquerque GR, da Sevá AP, Ribeiro BM, Teixeira DS, Campos FS, Franco AC, Roehe PM, and de Oliveira DB
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Humans, Primates, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Pandemics
- Abstract
In 2019, a new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was detected in China. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was capable to infect domestic and captive mammals like cats, tigers and minks. Due to genetic similarities, concern about the infection of non-human primates (NHPs) and the establishment of a sylvatic cycle has grown in the Americas. In this study, neotropical primates (NP) were sampled in different areas from Brazil to investigate whether they were infected by SARS-CoV-2. A total of 89 samples from 51 NP of four species were examined. No positive samples were detected via RT-qPCR, regardless of the NHP species, tissue or habitat tested. This work provides the first report on the lack of evidence of the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in NP. The expansion of wild animals sampling is necessary to understand their role in the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 and other potentially zoonotic pathogens in natural environments shared by humans., (© 2021. EcoHealth Alliance.)
- Published
- 2021
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25. The impact of fake news on social media and its influence on health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.
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Rocha YM, de Moura GA, Desidério GA, de Oliveira CH, Lourenço FD, and de Figueiredo Nicolete LD
- Abstract
Purpose: As the new coronavirus disease propagated around the world, the rapid spread of news caused uncertainty in the population. False news has taken over social media, becoming part of life for many people. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate, through a systematic review, the impact of social media on the dissemination of infodemic knowing and its impacts on health., Methods: A systematic search was performed in the MedLine, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and Scielo databases from January 1, 2020, to May 11, 2021. Studies that addressed the impact of fake news on patients and healthcare professionals around the world were included. It was possible to methodologically assess the quality of the selected studies using the Loney and Newcastle-Ottawa Scales., Results: Fourteen studies were eligible for inclusion, consisting of six cross-sectional and eight descriptive observational studies. Through questionnaires, five studies included measures of anxiety or psychological distress caused by misinformation; another seven assessed feeling fear, uncertainty, and panic, in addition to attacks on health professionals and people of Asian origin., Conclusion: By analyzing the phenomenon of fake news in health, it was possible to observe that infodemic knowledge can cause psychological disorders and panic, fear, depression, and fatigue., Competing Interests: Conflict of interestThe authors declare no conflict of interest., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
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26. Real-Time Genomic Surveillance during the 2021 Re-Emergence of the Yellow Fever Virus in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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Andrade MS, Campos FS, Campos AAS, Abreu FVS, Melo FL, Sevá ADP, Cardoso JDC, Dos Santos E, Born LC, Silva CMDD, Müller NFD, Oliveira CH, Silva AJJD, Simonini-Teixeira D, Bernal-Valle S, Mares-Guia MAMM, Albuquerque GR, Romano APM, Franco AC, Ribeiro BM, Roehe PM, and Almeida MAB
- Subjects
- Alouatta virology, Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks, Epidemiological Monitoring veterinary, Genomics, Phylogeny, Primates virology, Whole Genome Sequencing methods, Yellow Fever transmission, Yellow fever virus pathogenicity, Zoonoses virology, Yellow Fever epidemiology, Yellow Fever genetics, Yellow fever virus genetics
- Abstract
The 2021 re-emergence of yellow fever in non-human primates in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southernmost Brazil, resulted in the death of many howler monkeys (genus Alouatta ) and led the state to declare a Public Health Emergency of State Importance, despite no human cases reported. In this study, near-complete genomes of yellow fever virus (YFV) recovered from the outbreak were sequenced and examined aiming at a better understanding of the phylogenetic relationships and the spatio-temporal dynamics of the virus distribution. Our results suggest that the most likely sequence of events involved the reintroduction of YFV from the state of São Paulo to RS through the states of Paraná and Santa Catarina, by the end of 2020. These findings reinforce the role of genomic surveillance in determining the pathways of distribution of the virus and in providing references for the implementation of preventive measures for populations in high risk areas.
- Published
- 2021
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27. Main bacterial species causing clinical disease in ornamental freshwater fish in Brazil.
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Cardoso PHM, Moreno LZ, de Oliveira CH, Gomes VTM, Silva APS, Barbosa MRF, Sato MIZ, Balian SC, and Moreno AM
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Fishes, Fresh Water, Humans, Aeromonas, Fish Diseases
- Abstract
Bacterial diseases are common in ornamental fish, more frequently associated with ubiquitous bacteria from the aquarium environment. The disease can lead to fish mortality and cause high economic losses if not rapidly controlled. The aim of this study was to identify the main causative bacterial agents of infection in ornamental fish with different clinical signs. A total of 126 freshwater fish, from 12 families and 38 species, with clinical signs were collected in a wholesaler in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Samples were taken from the eye, skin ulcers, kidneys, and gills, plated on MacConkey, CHROMagar Orientation, and blood agar and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Bacterial identification was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. From the 126 studied animals, 112 were positive for bacterial isolation. Among the positive animals, 32.1% presented infection caused by a single bacterial species, while in the remaining 67.9%, two to six different bacterial species were identified. A total of 259 bacterial strains were obtained and classified among 46 bacterial species. The species of higher frequency were Aeromonas veronii (26.3%), Aeromonas hydrophilla (16.2%), Shewanella putrefaciens (7.3%), Citrobacter freundii (8.1%), Vibrio albensis (5.8%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.2%). MALDI-TOF MS showed to be a rapid method for diagnosis of bacterial disease outbreaks in ornamental fish establishments.
- Published
- 2021
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28. Studies on the interaction between HSA and new halogenated metformin derivatives: influence of lipophilic groups in the binding ability.
- Author
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Chaves OA, Mathew B, Parambi DGT, C S de Oliveira CH, Cesarin-Sobrinho D, Lakshminarayanan B, Najeeb S, Nafna EK, Marathakam A, Uddin MS, Joy M, and Carlos Netto-Ferreira J
- Subjects
- Binding Sites, Circular Dichroism, Humans, Molecular Docking Simulation, Protein Binding, Serum Albumin, Human metabolism, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, Thermodynamics, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Metformin
- Abstract
In the type II diabetes mellitus, Metformin hydrochloride is recommended as a common FAD approved drug. Synthesis of novel metformin series has been widely explored, mainly due to its biological importance and to improve their pharmacokinetic profile. Generally, human serum albumin (HSA) is the main protein used to study drug viability in vitro analysis. Thus, the present study reports the synthesis of three new halogenated metformin derivatives (MFCl, MFBr and MFCF
3 ) and its interaction toward HSA by multiple spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, circular dichroism, steady-state, time-resolved and synchronous fluorescence), combined to computational methods (molecular docking and quantum chemical calculation). The interaction between each halogenated metformin derivative and HSA is spontaneous ( ΔG °<0), entropically driven ( ΔS °>0), moderate ( Ka and Kb ≈ 104 M-1 ) and occurs preferentially in the subdomain IIA (close to Trp-214 residue). Molecular docking results suggested hydrogen bonding, van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions as the main binding forces. Quantum chemical calculations suggested imino groups as the most intense electrostatic negative potentials, while the positive electrostatic potential is located at the hydrogen atoms on N , N -dimethyl and the phenyl systems which can help the hydrophobic interactions. [Formula: see text]Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.- Published
- 2020
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29. Slow slip source characterized by lithological and geometric heterogeneity.
- Author
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Barnes PM, Wallace LM, Saffer DM, Bell RE, Underwood MB, Fagereng A, Meneghini F, Savage HM, Rabinowitz HS, Morgan JK, Kitajima H, Kutterolf S, Hashimoto Y, Engelmann de Oliveira CH, Noda A, Crundwell MP, Shepherd CL, Woodhouse AD, Harris RN, Wang M, Henrys S, Barker DHN, Petronotis KE, Bourlange SM, Clennell MB, Cook AE, Dugan BE, Elger J, Fulton PM, Gamboa D, Greve A, Han S, Hüpers A, Ikari MJ, Ito Y, Kim GY, Koge H, Lee H, Li X, Luo M, Malie PR, Moore GF, Mountjoy JJ, McNamara DD, Paganoni M, Screaton EJ, Shankar U, Shreedharan S, Solomon EA, Wang X, Wu HY, Pecher IA, and LeVay LJ
- Abstract
Slow slip events (SSEs) accommodate a significant proportion of tectonic plate motion at subduction zones, yet little is known about the faults that actually host them. The shallow depth (<2 km) of well-documented SSEs at the Hikurangi subduction zone offshore New Zealand offers a unique opportunity to link geophysical imaging of the subduction zone with direct access to incoming material that represents the megathrust fault rocks hosting slow slip. Two recent International Ocean Discovery Program Expeditions sampled this incoming material before it is entrained immediately down-dip along the shallow plate interface. Drilling results, tied to regional seismic reflection images, reveal heterogeneous lithologies with highly variable physical properties entering the SSE source region. These observations suggest that SSEs and associated slow earthquake phenomena are promoted by lithological, mechanical, and frictional heterogeneity within the fault zone, enhanced by geometric complexity associated with subduction of rough crust., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).)
- Published
- 2020
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30. Scuticociliatosis caused by Uronema sp. in ten different ornamental aquarium reef fish in Brazil.
- Author
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Cardoso PHM, Moreno LZ, Moreno AM, Balian SC, Oliveira CH, Soares HS, Martins ML, and Rodrigues MV
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Ciliophora Infections parasitology, Ciliophora Infections pathology, Fish Diseases pathology, Ciliophora classification, Ciliophora Infections veterinary, Fish Diseases parasitology, Perciformes parasitology
- Abstract
Scuticociliatosis, caused by an opportunistic ciliate protozoan, is responsible for significant economic losses in marine ornamental fish. This study reports the occurrence of Uronema spp., parasitizing ten species of marine reef fish at an ornamental fish wholesaler: Blue green damselfish (Chromis viridis), Vanderbilt's Chromis (Chromis vanderbilti), Pennant coralfish (Heniochus acuminatus), Threespot angelfish (Apolemichthys trimaculatus), Goldspotted angelfish (Apolemichthys xanthopunctatus), Sea goldie (Pseudanthias squamipinnis), Orchid dottyback (Pseudochromis fridmani), Threadfin butterflyfish (Chaetodon auriga), Vagabond butterflyfish (Chaetodon vagabundus), and Bluecheek butterflyfish (Chaetodon semilarvatus). Diseased fish showed disorders such as hemorrhages and ulcerative lesions on the body surface. Histopathological analysis of the muscle, liver, gut, kidney, spleen, gills, and stomach revealed hemorrhages and degeneration of muscle fiber, vacuolar degeneration of hepatocyte, inflammatory process and granuloma in the liver, atrophy of intestinal villi, inflammatory process and granuloma in the kidney, melanomacrophage centers, as well as inflammatory process in the spleen, epithelial cells hyperplasia and granuloma formation in the gills, and vacuolar degeneration and eosinophils in the stomach. Due to the severity of the disease, it is necessary to implement biosecurity measures with rapid and accurate diagnosis to minimize the risk of economic losses caused by Uronema spp.
- Published
- 2020
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31. Streptococcus suis in Brazil: Genotypic, Virulence, and Resistance Profiling of Strains Isolated from Pigs between 2001 and 2016.
- Author
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Matajira CEC, Moreno LZ, Poor AP, Gomes VTM, Dalmutt AC, Parra BM, Oliveira CH, Barbosa MRF, Sato MIZ, Calderaro FF, and Moreno AM
- Abstract
Streptococcus suis remains an important challenge for the worldwide swine industry. Considering that Brazil is a major pork producer and exporter, proper monitoring of the pathogen and resistance rates are required. We present here the characterization of Brazilian S. suis strains isolated over a 15 year period by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, capsular, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance profiling. Serotype prevalence revealed a predominance of serotype 2/½ followed by 3, 7, 1/14, 6, 8, 18, 28, and 27; the latter had not yet been reported in Brazil. Resistance profiling enabled the differentiation of nine profiles presenting resistance to three and up to eight antimicrobial classes. Even though an association between the most resistant strains and isolation year starting from 2009 was observed, a high frequency of multidrug-resistant strains isolated from 2001 to 2003 was also detected. This suggests that despite the isolation period, S. suis strains already presented high resistance selection pressure. A slight association of serotype 2/½ with some virulence profiles and PFGE pulsotypes was also identified. Nevertheless, no clonal dispersion or persistency of clones over the analyzed years and herds was detected.
- Published
- 2019
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32. First report of mcr-1-harboring Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund isolated from poultry meat in Brazil.
- Author
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Moreno LZ, Gomes VTM, Moreira J, de Oliveira CH, Peres BP, Silva APS, Thakur S, La Ragione RM, and Moreno AM
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Brazil, Colistin pharmacology, Genotype, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Poultry, Salmonella enterica genetics, Serogroup, Whole Genome Sequencing, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Escherichia coli Proteins genetics, Meat microbiology, Plasmids analysis, Salmonella enterica drug effects, Salmonella enterica isolation & purification
- Abstract
Brazilian poultry meat samples were screened for colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica. Sixty Salmonella isolates were tested for in vitro colistin resistance and mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3 and mcr-4 genes. Two isolates harbored the mcr-1 gene and whole-genome analysis determined the serovar to be Schwarzengrund, ST96, harboring the IncX4 plasmid. This is the first report of mcr-1-harboring Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund in Brazil., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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33. Phenotypic, molecular and genomic characterization of Actinobaculum suis isolated from swine in Brazil.
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Amigo CR, Moreno LZ, Ferreira TSP, Gomes VTM, Poor AP, de Oliveira CH, Parra BM, Silva APS, and Moreno AM
- Subjects
- Actinomycetaceae classification, Actinomycetaceae physiology, Actinomycetales Infections microbiology, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis, Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Brazil, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Genomics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Typing, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Swine, Whole Genome Sequencing, Actinomycetaceae genetics, Actinomycetaceae isolation & purification, Actinomycetales Infections veterinary, Genotype, Phenotype, Swine Diseases microbiology
- Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) are considered one of the most important diseases of sows due to its close relationship with reproductive problems such as reduced litter size, increase in the rate of return to estrous, vulvar discharge, abortion, mastitis and anestrus. Actinobaculum suis is one of the main agents involved in porcine urinary tract infection and is responsible for the most severe and fatal cases in sows. In the present report, 23 A. suis strains isolated from a sow and boars in Brazil were identified by PCR and further characterized by broth microdilution, molecular typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP), and whole-genome sequencing. All strains were sensitive to ceftiofur, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, quinupristin-dalfopristin and vancomycin. Ciprofloxacin, daptomycin, lincomycin, erythromycin and tylosin resistance was observed in 100% of tested strains. Tetracycline and tigecycline also presented high resistance rates (87% and 30.4%, respectively). PFGE with eight different restriction enzymes and three programs did not enable strain characterization; however, all strains were typed by SE-AFLP that clustered strains according to their origin, thus proving an effective tool for A. suis genotyping. Whole-genome sequencing and comparative analysis enabled species differentiation from closely related genus. This is the first report of genomic characterization of A. suis., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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34. Genetic diversity, virulence genotype and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from sows.
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Spindola MG, Cunha MPV, Moreno LZ, Amigo CR, Silva APS, Parra BM, Poor AP, de Oliveira CH, Perez BP, Knöbl T, and Moreno AM
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Brazil, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Escherichia coli Infections drug therapy, Escherichia coli Infections microbiology, Escherichia coli Infections urine, Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Swine, Swine Diseases drug therapy, Swine Diseases urine, Urinary Tract Infections microbiology, Urinary Tract Infections urine, Virulence, Escherichia coli Infections veterinary, Swine Diseases microbiology, Urinary Tract Infections veterinary, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli drug effects, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli genetics, Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolation & purification
- Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) cause severe losses to the swine industry worldwide and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the main agent isolated from UTI in sows., Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence genes, assess the phylogenetic background, clonal diversity, and the pattern of resistance to antimicrobials in 186 isolates of UPEC isolated from sows in Brazil., Materials and Methods: Urine samples from 300 sows of three herds with clinical signs from São Paulo State (Brazil) were screened for UTI; samples with suggestive results were submitted to bacterial isolation. E. coli strains isolated were characterized using disk diffusion technique, polymerase chain reaction and Single-enzyme amplification fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP)., Results: Virulence genes focH and papC were present in 78.5% and 58% of strains, respectively, followed by cnf1 (23.2%), afa (13.4%), sfa (11.3%), iucD (6.9%), and hlyA (1.6%). No clonal relatedness was found by SE-AFLP. A total of 98% of isolates (182/186) were multidrug resistant, and the highest levels of resistance were to sulfonamides, tetracycline, florfenicol, and ampicillin. Isolates were classified in phylogenetic group B1 (34.4%), followed by D (33.9%), E (30.1%) and A (1.6%)., Conclusions: The data obtained suggest that pigs from clinically affected herds may serve as a reservoir of uropathogenic and multidrug-resistant E. coli strains.
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- 2018
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35. Draft Genome Sequence of Brazilian Leptospira interrogans Serovar Pomona Strain GR5, Isolated from Apparently Healthy Gilt.
- Author
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Moreno LZ, Miraglia F, de Oliveira CH, Vasconcellos SA, Heinemann MB, and Moreno AM
- Abstract
Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona is one of the most important serovars associated with worldwide porcine leptospirosis, and its infection is characterized by high antibody titers and the establishment of a renal carrier state. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of Leptospira interrogans serovar Pomona strain GR5 isolated from apparently healthy gilt in Brazil., (Copyright © 2018 Moreno et al.)
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- 2018
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36. Primary undifferentiated sarcoma in the thorax: a rare diagnosis in young patients.
- Author
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Waszczynskyi CH, Guimarães MD, Franco LF, Hochhegger B, and Marchiori E
- Published
- 2016
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37. Multicentric lymphoma in buffaloes in the Amazon region, Brazil.
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De Oliveira CH, Barbosa JD, Damasceno KA, Cassali GD, Oliveira CM, Leite RC, and Reis JK
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- Animals, B-Lymphocytes cytology, B-Lymphocytes pathology, Brazil, Cell Proliferation, Female, Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine genetics, Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine isolation & purification, Lymphoma diagnosis, Lymphoma pathology, Lymphoma virology, Male, Buffaloes, Lymphoma veterinary
- Abstract
Background: The presence of lymphoma in buffaloes was first reported in India in the 1960s. The disease is similar to Enzootic Bovine Leucosis (EBL) caused by Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in cattle; however, according to our results and those of other studies, the etiology of these lymphomas in buffalo do not appear to be associated with BLV. The objectives of this study are to describe four cases of the disease in buffaloes belonging to the same herd in the Amazon region of Brazil and to perform a clinical-anatomopathological, immunohistochemical, and etiological study of the lymphomas., Results: Over a period of ten years, four buffaloes were observed presenting progressive weight loss, swelling of peripheral lymph nodes, and nodules in the subcutaneous tissue. Upon necropsy, whitish-colored tumor masses were observed in the form of nodules in the subcutaneous tissue, along with miliary nodules on the serosal surfaces of abdominal and thoracic organs and tumors in lymph nodes and other organs. Neoplastic lymphocyte proliferation was observed through histopathology. An immunohistochemical study revealed that the neoplasias were formed by proliferation of predominantly B lymphocytes. The presence of BLV genome was not detected in the lymphomas when using the real-time PCR technique, nor was it detected through immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies against two viral proteins. Bovine herpesvirus 6 was not detected in the tumors. However, Bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) was detected in samples of lymphoma and in the lymph nodes and kidneys of one of the animals., Conclusions: The occurrence of lymphoma in buffaloes is reported for the first time in Brazil and is characterized by B-cell multicentric lymphoma. The etiology of the disease does not appear to be associated with BLV; however, the detection of BIV in samples of lymphoma from one sick animal deserves further study, considering the oncogenic potential of this virus.
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- 2016
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38. Absence of Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infection in buffaloes from Amazon and southeast region in Brazil.
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De Oliveira CH, Resende CF, Oliveira CM, Barbosa JD, Fonseca AA Junior, Leite RC, and Reis JK
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibodies, Viral blood, Brazil, Cattle, DNA, Viral blood, Enzootic Bovine Leukosis blood, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay veterinary, False Negative Reactions, Genes, env, Genes, pX, Immunodiffusion methods, Lymphoma etiology, Lymphoma veterinary, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Buffaloes, Enzootic Bovine Leukosis diagnosis, Leukemia Virus, Bovine immunology, Leukemia Virus, Bovine isolation & purification
- Abstract
Enzootic bovine leucosis is an infectious disease caused by Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and is well described in bovines. The majority of infected animals are asymptomatic, one to five percent develop lymphoma and from 30 to 50% present a persistent lymphocytosis. The virus occurs naturally in cattle and experimentally in buffaloes, capybaras and rabbits. The occurrence of lymphoma in buffaloes has been attributed to BLV infection by some authors in India and Venezuela, but not confirmed by other studies and little information on natural BLV infection in buffaloes is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of BLV in a sub-sample of buffalo from Amazon and southeast regions in Brazil. Three hundred and fifteen serum samples were negative using commercial AGID and ELISA (ELISA-gp51) which detect anti-BLV glycoprotein gp51 antibodies. The same samples were also evaluated for antibodies to whole virus through a commercial ELISA (ELISA-BLV) in which 77 (24.44%) were found seropositive and two (0.63%) inconclusive. On the other hand, all animals were negative by PCR to BLV targeted to the env and tax genes. These results suggest that ELISA-BLV produces false positive results in buffalo serum (p<0.001). In addition, one buffalo lymphoma sample was negative in both PCR assays used in this study. BLV was not detected in buffaloes from the Amazon basin and the southeast region of Brazil. Serological tests, like ELISA-BLV, usually used for cattle may produce false-positive results for BLV in buffaloes and direct detection tests such as PCR should be chosen in these surveys. The occurrence of lymphoma in buffalo was not associated with BLV infection in the one case analyzed in this work and the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease should be clarified., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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39. The detection of Vaccinia virus confirms the high circulation of Orthopoxvirus in buffaloes living in geographical isolation, Marajó Island, Brazilian Amazon.
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Franco-Luiz AP, Fagundes Pereira A, de Oliveira CH, Barbosa JD, Oliveira DB, Bonjardim CA, Ferreira PC, de Souza Trindade G, Abrahão JS, and Kroon EG
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks veterinary, Geography, Orthopoxvirus genetics, Orthopoxvirus isolation & purification, Phylogeny, Poxviridae Infections virology, Sequence Alignment, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Vaccinia epidemiology, Vaccinia virology, Zoonoses, Antibodies, Viral blood, Buffaloes virology, Orthopoxvirus immunology, Poxviridae Infections veterinary, Vaccinia veterinary, Vaccinia virus immunology, Vaccinia virus isolation & purification
- Abstract
In Brazil, serologic evidence of Orthopoxvirus (OPV) circulation showed positivity around 20% in cattle, humans, monkeys and rodents. Although OPV seropositivity has been described in buffalo herds in southeastern Brazil, no Vaccinia virus (VACV) (member of genus OPV) outbreaks in buffalo herds have been described in this country. This study aimed to investigate the detection of anti-OPV antibodies and to study the OPV genome in Brazilian buffalo herds. Our results demonstrated a high OPV seropositivity in buffalo herds on Marajó Island and molecular data confirmed the circulation of VACV. The geographical isolation conditionmight be a sine qua non condition to explain our results., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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40. Oocyte development and fecundity type of the Brazilian Snapper Lutjanus alexandrei Moura & Lindeman, 2007 (Perciformes: Lutjanidae).
- Author
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Fernandes CA, Oliveira PG, Oliveira CH, Hazin FH, and Travassos P
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Female, Perciformes growth & development, Fertility, Oocytes growth & development, Perciformes physiology
- Abstract
Lutjanid species exhibit multiple spawning behaviour during an extended spawning season in warm months, asynchronous oocyte development and indeterminate fecundity. Although early studies have contributed to knowledge of the reproductive cycle of many species within the group, they have not considered aspects about the number of cortical alveoli oocyte stage throughout maturity phases along spawning season. The latter aspect is also considered very important to confirm indeterminate fecundity hypothesis. In the present study, were analyzed 154 Brazilian snapper Lutjanus alexandrei female gonads obtained from artisanal fisheries in Pernambuco State (Brazil) between October 2010 and March 2011. Were measured oocyte size frequency distribution for maturity phases (developing, spawning capable and actively spawning), and oocyte development stage (unyolked oocytes, cortical alveoli, primary, secondary and tertiary vitellogenic oocytes and hydrated oocytes), and also the oocyte stage frequency during spawning season. The frequency of cortical alveoli oocyte stage was constantly found in the spawning period (>37%), showing slight variation throughout maturity phases. The absence of gap in the oocyte size frequency distribution between primary and secondary oocyte growth stages during spawning season is a strong indicator of continuous oocyte recruitment from reserve stocks. In addition, co-occurrence of tertiary vitellogenic oocytes, hydrated oocytes, post-ovulatory follicles and yellow-brown bodies in the histological sections of ovaries reinforce indeterminate fecundity hypothesis.
- Published
- 2016
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41. Inhibitory effects of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and vitamin B-complex on the biological activities induced by Bothrops venom.
- Author
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Oliveira CH, Assaid Simão A, and Marcussi S
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Blood Coagulation drug effects, Blood Coagulation physiology, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Male, Proteolysis drug effects, Viper Venoms antagonists & inhibitors, Young Adult, Ascorbic Acid administration & dosage, Bothrops, Viper Venoms toxicity, Vitamin B Complex administration & dosage, Vitamin E administration & dosage
- Abstract
Context: Natural compounds have been widely studied with the aim of complementing antiophidic serum therapy., Objective: The present study evaluated the inhibitory potential of ascorbic acid and a vitamin complex, composed of ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and all the B-complex vitamins, on the biological activities induced by snake venoms., Material and Methods: The effect of vitamins was evaluated on the phospholipase, proteolytic, coagulant, and fibrinogenolytic activities induced by Bothrops moojeni (Viperidae), B. jararacussu, and B. alternatus snake venoms, and the hemagglutinating activity induced by B. jararacussu venom., Results: The vitamin complex (1:5 and 1:10 ratios) totally inhibited the fibrinogenolytic activity and partially the phospholipase activity and proteolytic activity on azocasein induced by the evaluated venoms. Significant inhibition was observed in the coagulation of human plasma induced by venoms from B. alternatus (1:2.5 and 1:5, to vitamin complex and ascorbic acid) and B. moojeni (1:2.5 and 1:5, to vitamin complex and ascorbic acid). Ascorbic acid inhibited 100% of the proteolytic activities of B. moojeni and B. alternatus on azocasein, at 1:10 ratio, the effects of all the venoms on fibrinogen, the hemagglutinating activity of B. jararacussu venom, and also extended the plasma coagulation time induced by all venoms analyzed., Discussion and Conclusion: The vitamins analyzed showed relevant in vitro inhibitory potential over the activities induced by Bothrops venoms, suggesting their interaction with toxins belonging to the phospholipase A2, protease, and lectin classes. The results can aid further research in clarifying the possible mechanisms of interaction between vitamins and snake enzymes.
- Published
- 2016
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42. Inhibition of proteases and phospholipases A2 from Bothrops atrox and Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venoms by ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and B-complex vitamins.
- Author
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Oliveira CH, Simão AA, Trento MV, César PH, and Marcussi S
- Subjects
- Animals, Ascorbic Acid pharmacology, Crotalid Venoms antagonists & inhibitors, Vitamin B Complex pharmacology, Vitamin E pharmacology, Vitamins pharmacology, Bothrops, Crotalid Venoms enzymology, Crotalus, Peptide Hydrolases, Phospholipase A2 Inhibitors pharmacology, Phospholipases A2, Protease Inhibitors pharmacology
- Abstract
The enzyme inhibition by natural and/ or low-cost compounds may represent a valuable adjunct to traditional serotherapy performed in cases of snakebite, mainly with a view to mitigate the local effects of envenoming. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible interactions between vitamins and enzymes that comprise Bothrops atrox and Crotalus durissus terrificus venoms, in vitro. Proteolysis inhibition assays (substrates: azocasein, collagen, gelatin and fibrinogen), hemolysis, coagulation, hemagglutination were carried out using different proportions of vitamins in face of to inhibit minimum effective dose of each venom. The vitamins were responsible for reducing 100% of breaking azocasein by C.d.t. venom, thrombolysis induced by B. atrox and fibrinogenolysis induced by both venoms. It is suggested the presence of interactions between vitamin and the active site of enzymes, for example the interactions between hydrophobic regions present in the enzymes and vitamin E, as well as the inhibitions exercised by antioxidant mechanism.
- Published
- 2016
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43. Molecular detection of bovine immunodeficiency virus in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from the Amazon region, Brazil.
- Author
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Albernaz TT, Leite RC, Reis JK, de Sousa Rodrigues AP, da Cunha Kassar T, Resende CF, de Oliveira CH, Silva Rd, Salvarani FM, and Barbosa JD
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Cambodia, Cattle, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Viral isolation & purification, Genome, Viral, Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine genetics, Lentivirus Infections epidemiology, Leukocytes cytology, Pakistan epidemiology, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Risk Factors, Buffaloes virology, Cattle Diseases diagnosis, Immunodeficiency Virus, Bovine isolation & purification, Lentivirus Infections veterinary
- Abstract
Bovine immunodeficiency is a chronic progressive disease caused by a lentivirus that affects cattle and buffaloes. Although the infection has been described in cattle in some countries, including in Brazil, there are only two reports of infection in buffaloes: one in Pakistan and one in Cambodia. The aim of the present study was to survey the occurrence of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in water buffaloes from the Amazon region, Pará state, Brazil. BIV proviral DNA was surveyed in 607 whole blood samples of water buffaloes from 10 farms located in the state of Pará using semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR-SN) to amplify the pol region of the viral genome. Of the 607 samples tested, 27 (4.4 %) were positive for BIV proviral DNA. The amplified fragments were confirmed by sequence analysis after cloning and nucleotide sequencing. The sequence obtained had 99 % similarity to the reference strain (R-29). The present study provides important epidemiological data because BIV was detected for the first time in water buffaloes in Brazil. Further, the results suggest the possibility of the virus being a risk factor for herd health because it may be a potential causal agent of chronic disease and, also may be associated to other infectious diseases.
- Published
- 2015
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44. Meat quality assessment from young goats fed for long periods with castor de-oiled cake.
- Author
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Oliveira CH, Silva AM, Silva LM, van Tilburg MF, Fernandes CC, Moura AA, Moreno FB, Monteiro-Moreira AC, Moreira RA, Bezerra FJ, and Rondina D
- Subjects
- Agriculture economics, Animal Feed analysis, Animal Feed economics, Animals, Biofuels economics, Ricinus communis adverse effects, Crops, Agricultural adverse effects, Crops, Agricultural chemistry, Diet adverse effects, Diet economics, Dietary Proteins analysis, Dietary Proteins metabolism, Fatty Acids analysis, Fatty Acids metabolism, Humans, Industrial Waste adverse effects, Industrial Waste analysis, Industrial Waste economics, Male, Muscle, Skeletal metabolism, Nutritive Value, Poisons analysis, Poisons toxicity, Ricin analysis, Ricin toxicity, Seeds adverse effects, Seeds chemistry, Ricinus communis chemistry, Diet veterinary, Food Quality, Goats growth & development, Meat analysis, Muscle Development, Muscle, Skeletal growth & development
- Abstract
Diet can influence both the qualitative and quantitative traits of ruminant meat. This study evaluated the effects of castor de-oiled cake on the meat of mixed-breed male goat kids. After 165days of diet treatment, no alterations (p>0.05) were observed in the in vivo performance, anatomic components, dissection and proximate composition of the Longissimus dorsi muscle, as well as in the color and pH of the carcasses. However, diet had an effect (p<0.05) on energy metabolites, fatty acid profile, and expression of certain proteins of the Longissimus dorsi muscle. To conclude, this study showed that the establishment of castor de-oiled cake diet for a long period to goats led to alterations in meat quality, without compromising its consumption qualities., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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45. Growth, testis size, spermatogenesis, semen parameters and seminal plasma and sperm membrane protein profile during the reproductive development of male goats supplemented with de-oiled castor cake.
- Author
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Oliveira CH, Silva AM, Silva LM, van Tilburg MF, Fernandes CC, Velho AL, Moura AA, Moreno FB, Monteiro-Moreira AC, Moreira RA, Lima IM, and Rondina D
- Subjects
- Animals, Goats, Male, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Semen metabolism, Sexual Maturation drug effects, Spermatogenesis drug effects, Spermatozoa metabolism, Testis cytology, Testis drug effects, Testosterone blood, Ricin toxicity, Semen drug effects, Spermatozoa drug effects
- Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of de-oiled castor cake on reproductive traits of crossbreed goats. Fourteen males were grouped into two lots (n = 7/group), as described: group without de-oiled castor cake (WCC) and group fed with de-oiled castor cake (CC). Goats received two diets containing a mixture of Bermudagrass hay and concentrates with the same energy (73% total digestive nutrients) and protein content (15% crude protein) during 150 days, corresponding to ages from 40 (puberty) to 60 weeks. Blood plasma concentrations of urea, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and testosterone were determined. We also evaluated scrotal circumference, sperm parameters, quantitative aspects of spermatogenesis and daily sperm production (DSP), as well as the proteome of seminal plasma and sperm membrane. Seminal fluid and sperm proteins were analyzed by 2D SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry. After 150 days of castor cake feeding, animals had no changes in the biochemical composition of blood plasma, suggesting the absence of intoxication by ingestion of ricin. There were no alterations in dry mater intake, weight gain, testis size, peripheral concentrations of testosterone, sperm concentration, motility and morphology. Sertoli and germ cell populations in the testis and DSP were not affected either. However, there were significant variations in the expression of five seminal plasma proteins and four sperm membrane proteins. In conclusion, the replacement of soybean meal by castor cake (with ricin concentrations of 50mg/kg) did not interfere with the growth and core reproductive development of male goats. However, the diet with ricin altered the expression of certain seminal plasma and sperm membrane proteins, which play roles in sperm function and fertilization. Lower expression of these proteins may impair the ricin-fed animals to perform as high-fertility sires., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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46. Bovine herpesvirus 6 in buffaloes (Bubalus bulalis) from the Amazon region, Brazil.
- Author
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de Oliveira CH, de Oliveira FG, Gasparini MR, Galinari GC, Lima GK, Fonseca AA Jr, Barbosa JD, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Leite RC, and Dos Reis JK
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Buffaloes, DNA, Viral genetics, Herpesviridae Infections epidemiology, Herpesviridae Infections virology, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Varicellovirus genetics, Herpesviridae Infections veterinary, Varicellovirus isolation & purification
- Abstract
This study presents the first description of Bovine herpesvirus 6 (BoHV-6) that was isolated from buffaloes of Amazon region in Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the BoHV-6 Brazilian strains clustered with the sequence of BoHV-6 from elsewhere available at the GenBank. It was observed in some buffaloes with lymphoproliferative disease in one herd, thus the animals were also tested for Bovine leukemia virus (BLV), which has been associated to lymphoma in bovines. All animals were negative to BLV. These results indicate that BoHV-6 is present in buffaloes in Brazil, but the importance and impact of this infection and its association with any illness is still undefined.
- Published
- 2015
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47. Effects of perioperative hypothermia and reactive oxygen species in the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats.
- Author
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Oliveira JC, Oliveira CH, Oliveira HE, Pereira A, Maraschin M, and d'Acâmpora AJ
- Subjects
- Anastomosis, Surgical, Animals, Catalase metabolism, Colon enzymology, Glutathione metabolism, Lipid Peroxidation, Male, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative Stress physiology, Postoperative Period, Random Allocation, Rats, Wistar, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Time Factors, Colon surgery, Hypothermia, Induced adverse effects, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Wound Healing physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: We evaluated the hypothesis that induced perioperative hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC) affects the redox balance in the tissue of colonic anastomosis in rats by modifying biochemical enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers related to oxidative stress., Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight experimental groups of six animals each and underwent laparotomy, sigmoid section and immediate anastomosis. Four groups were operated under normothermia (36 ± 1ºC), and the other four under hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC). The animals were reoperated on days 3, 7 and 14 postoperatively, and two groups underwent SHAM at 3 days. From the scar tissue samples, the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was evaluated, and the levels of non-enzymatic markers of oxidative stress, such as reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation, were measured by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The means were compared between groups corresponding to each day of sampling and euthanasia., Results: The hypothermic groups showed a significant reduction on the activity of SOD on day 7 postoperatively, on the activity of CAT on days 7 and 14 postoperatively and on the levels of GSH on day 7 postoperatively. The level of lipid peroxidation was increased in the hypothermia group on day 7 postoperatively and decreased on day 14 compared with the normothermic groups., Conclusion: Perioperative hypothermia reduced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase, glutathione levels and increased lipid peroxidation in the scar tissue of colonic anastomoses in rats.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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48. Goat oocyte quality and competence to undergo IVM and embryo development after parthenogenetic activation from goats fed with different levels of cashew nut bran as source of dietary lipids.
- Author
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Fernandes CC, Feltrin C, Martins LT, Gaudêncio Neto S, Aguiar LH, Silva AM, Oliveira CH, Silva LM, Silva CM, Bertolini M, and Rondina D
- Subjects
- Animal Feed, Animals, Cholesterol blood, Female, Goats metabolism, In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques, Reproduction, Anacardium, Goats physiology, Lipid Metabolism, Oocytes cytology
- Abstract
Lipid-rich and energy-dense diets can have significant effects on the reproductive physiology, including the ovarian function and fertility. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cashew nut bran supplementation as a lipid source on follicle development, plasma and intrafollicular concentrations of cholesterol, and developmental competence of in vitro-matured goat oocytes. The inclusion of cashew nut bran as 24% of the goats' diet for 28 days increased the percentage and number of degenerated oocytes compared with the control (P < 0.05), and also the plasma cholesterol levels and the proportion of grade IV oocytes compared with all other treatments (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction was observed in the proportion of viable oocytes compared with the control and in the percentage of grade II oocytes compared with all other treatments (P < 0.05). Oocyte maturation, cleavage, and blastocyst rates after parthenogenetic activation of viable oocytes were not affected by the type of diet. In conclusion, the inclusion of cashew nut bran as 24% of the diet of adult goats for 28 days changed plasma cholesterol levels and reduced the proportion of viable immature oocytes; however, the 12% and 24% diet supplementations with cashew nut bran did not interfere with competence of resulting viable oocytes to reach the metaphase II stage after IVM, and to develop after parthenogenetic activation., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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49. Comparative expression profiles of genes related to oocyte development in goats after long-term feeding with biodiesel castor industry residues.
- Author
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Silva LM, Lazzarotto CR, Tavares KC, Oliveira CH, Silva AM, Fernandes CC, Aguiar LH, Martins LT, Neto SG, Rios DB, Bertolini LR, Bertolini M, Silva CM, and Rondina D
- Subjects
- Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Animals, Biofuels, Female, Granulosa Cells drug effects, Granulosa Cells physiology, Industrial Waste, Animal Feed analysis, Ricinus communis chemistry, Diet veterinary, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Goats physiology, Oocytes growth & development
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the consumption of detoxified castor meal (DCM) by goats over a long period of time affects mRNA levels in oocytes, and in mural granulosa and cumulus cells. A total of 41 adult does were supplemented (DCM group, n=21) or not (control group, n=20) with detoxified castor meal (DCM) for a period of 500 days. Then, 13 and 12 does were randomly selected for slaughter from the DCM and control treatments groups, respectively, for the determination of the number of visible ovarian follicles, retrieved cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs), and viable and non-viable oocytes. The relative expression levels for distinct genes were determined by quantitative PCR in viable immature oocytes prior to in vitro maturation (IVM), in oocytes attaining or not the metaphase stage after IVM, as well as in granulosa cells obtained upon oocyte collection, and in cumulus cells obtained after IVM. The number of follicles ≥4 mm did not differ between treatments (overall mean 23.3 ± 2.0) and no significant differences were observed in the recovery of viable, non-viable, or total mean numbers of oocytes (control group: 44.7 ± 4.6, DCM group: 54.9 ± 5.9, respectively) between control and DCM fed goats. The maturation rate was significantly higher for control than DCM oocytes (58.0% vs. 45.3%; P<0.05). The mRNA levels in immature COC for controls were significantly higher for GLUT1 and lower for HSP70 (P<0.05) than for DCM. Following maturation, MII oocytes from both treatments had mRNA levels that were significantly higher for GDF9 and lower for BMP15 than for NC oocytes (P<0.05). In cumulus cells, the mRNA levels were significantly higher for LHR, FSHR, LeptinR, and IGF1, and lower for MnSOD in the control group compared with the DCM group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of DCM in goat feed for long periods of time changed gene expression in immature oocytes and in cumulus cells. This was reflected by a decrease in the in vitro oocyte maturation rate., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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50. Reemergence of vaccinia virus during Zoonotic outbreak, Pará State, Brazil.
- Author
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de Assis FL, Vinhote WM, Barbosa JD, de Oliveira CH, de Oliveira CM, Campos KF, Silva NS, and Trindade Gde S
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Cattle, Cattle Diseases epidemiology, Cattle Diseases virology, Genes, Viral, Geography, Medical, Humans, Phylogeny, Vaccinia pathology, Disease Outbreaks, Vaccinia epidemiology, Vaccinia veterinary, Vaccinia virus classification, Vaccinia virus genetics, Zoonoses epidemiology
- Abstract
In 2010, vaccinia virus caused an outbreak of bovine vaccinia that affected dairy cattle and rural workers in Pará State, Brazil. Genetic analyses identified the virus as distinct from BeAn58058 vaccinia virus (identified in 1960s) and from smallpox vaccine virus strains. These findings suggest spread of autochthonous group 1 vaccinia virus in this region.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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