Search

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação da idade e da escolaridade com o desempenho de idosos cognitivamente preservados no Teste d2 de Atenção Concentrada, além de comparar os resultados de diferentes grupos etários e de níveis de escolaridade nesse instrumento. Participaram 211 adultos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, não institucionalizados, que responderam a uma ficha de dados sociodemográficos, ao Mini Exame do Estado Mental, à Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (versão reduzida), e ao Teste d2. A análise dos dados foi conduzida por meio de estatística descritiva, correlações parciais, regressão linear múltipla e ANOVA de uma via (one-way ANOVA). Os resultados das correlações parciais e da regressão linear múltipla revelaram que a idade e os anos de escolaridade demonstraram associações significativas com todos os escores do Teste d2, sendo a idade a variável preditora que demonstrou maior influência no desempenho dos idosos. A comparação de desempenho no teste d2 entre os seis grupos conforme distribuição por faixa etária (60-69 anos e 70 anos ou mais) e por níveis de escolaridade (fundamental, médio e superior) demonstrou que os idosos mais jovens e com maior nível de escolaridade apresentam melhores pontuações no Teste d2, sugerindo a necessidade de estudos de dados normativos para essa população

O presente artigo explorou como a remuneração, a percepção de saúde e a qualidade com o relacionamento atual se relacionam e preveem as expectativas e percepções sobre como serão os aspectos relacionados a finanças, saúde e relacionamento interpessoal na aposentadoria. Foram participantes 406 indivíduos adultos brasileiros, homens e mulheres, divididos em dois grupos: estágio de estabelecimento (entre 30 a 39 anos; N=177) e pré-aposentadoria (entre 44 e 59 anos; N=229). Estes responderam um questionário contendo: escala para avaliação da percepção futura da aposentadoria, escala de satisfação geral com o relacionamento, questionário de saúde geral reduzido e questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados apontaram correlações positivas entre diferentes dimensões das percepções futuras da aposentadoria com saúde geral, qualidade do relacionamento e renda atuais. A saúde geral foi o aspecto mais preditivo das percepções futuras em relação à aposentadoria. Qualidade do relacionamento e renda foram variáveis preditoras apenas para participantes em estágio de pré-aposentadoria

The protean career orientation is descriptive of workers who show self-directedness and values-driven behaviors toward professional advancement. Such characteristics have been highly demanded from professionals in the past decades, evidencing their identification and development relevance. Considering that identifying construct structure and invariance is critical for effective measurement and both theory-building and practice, this study aimed to adapt and obtain internal and external validity evidence of the Protean Career Measure to the Brazilian context. Participants were 558 professionals (67% women). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses resulted in a unidimensional model. They provided evidence of configural, metric, and scalar invariance between men and women. Also, they showed convergence between the protean career orientation and career models based on other characteristics (kaleidoscope, adaptability, and work engagement). Finally, results showed that the protean orientation tends to be higher, according to the participants' life/career stages' advancement. We discuss the application for research and interventions.

Mudanças recentes no mundo do trabalho apontam a existência simultânea de padrões de carreira e gênero tradicionais e modernos. Como consequência há uma discrepância entre as rápidas transformações e as menos ágeis mudanças nas atitudes sobre esses temas. Porém nem sempre é possível acessar tais atitudes através de medidas explícitas. O presente estudo teve por objetivo criar e validar uma medida de associação implícita de carreira e gênero, além de comparar atitudes implícitas e explícitas em relação a esses temas. Cinquenta universitários (29 mulheres) com média de 22 anos responderam o teste de associação implícita (TAI) carreira-gênero e duas questões abertas sobre o papel de homens e mulheres no mercado de trabalho. Os resultados indicaram que o TAI é capaz de identificar vieses associando mulheres e carreiras modernas e homens e carreiras tradicionais, além de caracterizar diferenças de viés entre homens e mulheres, com e sem experiência prévia de trabalho

Studies indicate that the costs resulting from voluntary turnover range from 93 to 200% of the annual salary for a single position, besides intangible losses for teams and individuals. The present study tested an explanatory model of turnover intention and a predictive model of voluntary turnover behavior among Brazilian employees. Participants were 379 employees (52% male) between 23 and 55 years old (M = 34.3). The results of the linear and logistic regression analyses indicated that the motives for turnover intention and behavior differ and that variables controlled by organizations, more than contextual or individual ones, lead to voluntary employee turnover.

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is defined as a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) in individuals younger than 50 years of age. While overall CRC rates in the United States (US) decreased between 2001 and 2018, EOCRC rates have increased. This research project aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of Time-Restricted Eating (TRE), Mindfulness, or TRE combined with Mindfulness among young to middle-aged adults at risk of EOCRC. Forty-eight participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: TRE, Mindfulness, TRE and Mindfulness, or Control. Data on feasibility, adherence, and acceptability will be collected. Measures assessed at baseline and post-intervention will include body weight, body composition, dietary intake, physical activity, sleep behavior, circulating biomarkers, hair cortisol, and the gut microbiome. The effects of the intervention on the following will be examined: (1) acceptability and feasibility; (2) body weight, body composition, and adherence to TRE; (3) circulating metabolic, inflammation, and oxidative stress biomarkers; (4) intestinal inflammation; and (5) the gut microbiome. TRE, combined with Mindfulness, holds promise for stress reduction and weight management among individuals at risk of EOCRC. The results of this pilot study will inform the design and development of larger trials aimed at preventing risk factors associated with EOCRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Surgery & Clinical Research is the property of Master Editora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) have higher rates of unhealthy lifestyles and risk for medical comorbidities Research currently suggests that dietary factors may play a role in the development of depression and anxiety. Therefore, nutritional approaches are potential strategies for the treatment of BD. The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence on nutrition and BD. Materials and Methods: The paper was developed based on PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search was conducted in Sep-2021 using PubMed and Cochrane Library, augmented by manually checked references lists. The search found 986 studies, of which 47 were included, combined with 13 from reference lists, totaling 60 studies. Results: There were 33 observational trials, of which 15 focused on fatty acids, 9 on micronutrients, 5 on specific foods, 4 on macro and micronutrients. The 27 interventional studies mainly focused on fatty acids, micronutrients and N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Discussion: Dietary intake or supplementation of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly Omega-3 seems to be associated with improved BD symptoms, along with seafood, folic acid and zinc. Studies found variable, mainly non-significant impacts of creatine, carnitine, vitamin D, inositol or NAC supplementation on BD. There are promising results associated with Coenzyme Q10 (Coq10) and probiotics. Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that dietetic approaches might be included as part of BD treatment. Also considering the high risk of metabolic disorders in individuals with BD, they should be encouraged to choose healthy dietary lifestyles, including daily intake of fruits, vegetables, seafood and whole grains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Avaliação Psicológica is the property of Instituto Brasileiro de Avaliacao Psicologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)