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3. Chapter Linked Data for the Categorization of Failures Mechanisms in Existing Unreinforced Masonry Buildings

Author

Leonardi, Maria Laura, Cursi, Stefano, Oliveira, Daniel V., Azenha, Miguel, and Gigliarelli, Elena

Subjects
BIM, Linked Data, Semantic Modeling, Historic Constructions, Structural Masonry, thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UT Computer networking and communications::UTV Virtualization
Abstract

Assessing the structural integrity of unreinforced masonry structures is a complex and time-consuming process that necessitates the knowledge of various experts and meticulous cross-referencing of diverse data to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the building. In recent years, the Architecture and Construction Industry has witnessed a digital transformation, largely driven by Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM has proven immensely valuable in the conservation of historic buildings. However, while it excels in new construction projects, its full potential is not fully realized when dealing with existing structures. A clear example of this limitation can be observed in the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) format, which lacks instances necessary for accurately representing existing building features. This research contribution aims to advance the process of semantic enrichment of BIM for existing buildings, building upon findings from existing literature. Leveraging the Linked Data Approach and utilizing both existing ontologies and newly proposed domain ontologies, the objective is to facilitate the identification of vulnerabilities and potential local failure mechanisms. The geometric information of the building is represented in the IFC STEP format and enriched semantically by establishing new relationships between classes that are not present in the standard IFC. This approach is applied to a case study in the historical center of Castelnuovo di Porto, Italy. The results of this work demonstrate how the proposed model, enhancing the BIM representation of existing buildings and enabling better identification of potential weaknesses, contributes to improved preservation and seismic resilience of historic structures

Published
2023
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15. Numerical Investigation of a Medieval Masonry Arch Bridge Based on a Discrete Macro-element Modeling Approach

Author

Penazzato, Luca, Oliveira, Daniel V., Rapicavoli, Davide, Zampieri, Paolo, Lourenço, Paulo B., Caliò, Ivo, Pellegrino, Carlo, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Pellegrino, Carlo, editor, Faleschini, Flora, editor, Zanini, Mariano Angelo, editor, Matos, José C., editor, Casas, Joan R., editor, and Strauss, Alfred, editor

Published
2022
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17. Codes and Standards on Earth Construction

Author

Reddy, B. V. Venkatarama, Morel, Jean-Claude, Faria, Paulina, Fontana, P., Oliveira, Daniel V., Serclerat, I., Walker, P., Maillard, Pascal, Fabbri, Antonin, editor, Morel, Jean-Claude, editor, Aubert, Jean-Emmanuel, editor, Bui, Quoc-Bao, editor, Gallipoli, Domenico, editor, and Reddy, B.V. Venkatarama, editor

Published
2022
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18. Seismic Assessment of Earthen Structures

Author

Bui, Quoc-Bao, El-Nabouch, Ranime, Miccoli, Lorenzo, Morel, Jean-Claude, Oliveira, Daniel V., Silva, Rui A., Silveira, Dora, Varum, Humberto, Vieux-Champagne, Florent, Fabbri, Antonin, editor, Morel, Jean-Claude, editor, Aubert, Jean-Emmanuel, editor, Bui, Quoc-Bao, editor, Gallipoli, Domenico, editor, and Reddy, B.V. Venkatarama, editor

Published
2022
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21. Risk Assessment of a Railway Bridge Subjected to a Multi-hazard Scenario

Author

Fernandes, João, Santamaria, Monica, Matos, José C., Oliveira, Daniel V., Henriques, António Abel, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Matos, José C., editor, Lourenço, Paulo B., editor, Oliveira, Daniel V., editor, Branco, Jorge, editor, Proske, Dirk, editor, Silva, Rui A., editor, and Sousa, Hélder S., editor

Published
2021
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23. Development and characterisation of lime-based mortars incorporating coffee-based products for integrated seismic and energy retrofitting

Author

Penazzato Luca, Illampas Rogiros, Teixeira José C., and Oliveira Daniel V.

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

The current conditions of the built heritage claim urgent solutions to face the inadequacies of many aged constructions. Recent earthquakes and increasingly extreme climate events have undoubtedly shown that it is not possible to postpone effective interventions to properly handle such issues. However, current retrofitting strategies seem unable to address the critical deficiencies of existing buildings, which regard both energy and structural aspects. Indeed, ordinary interventions in the last few years focused on solving episodic deficits or single issues and missed the opportunity for an integrated refurbishment. Within this context, the study and development of new materials with enhanced properties are of primary importance, also looking at sustainable concerns. In this work, innovative lime-based mortars incorporating sustainable aggregates have been developed and experimentally characterised for future applications in integrated retrofitting solutions. More specifically, coffee grounds subjected or not to a thermal treatment have been employed to improve the thermal performance of the mortar matrices. This waste material is considerably abundant around the world and may answer to the increasing need for more sustainable and renewable resources against the employment of virgin raw materials involving higher environmental impact. In this way, the benefits of integrated retrofitting approaches are further combined with natural-based solutions. The aim is to foster similar studies and applications, showing the great potential and opportunities of such eco-friendly systems that are not being adequately exploited.

Published
2024
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24. Effect of Alkaline Environment on the Bond Behavior of TRM Composites Through Single-lap Shear Tests

Author

Azimi Nima, Oliveira Daniel V., Schollbach Katrin, and Lourenço Paulo B.

Subjects
Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM) are increasingly used for strengthening existing masonry structures, offering a sustainable solution. This system consists of textile fibers embedded in an inorganic matrix, typically cement or lime-based mortars, applied to the substrate’s surface. Although the mechanical properties of these composite systems have been extensively studied, there is still limited understanding of their long-term performance and durability. This study aims to enhance knowledge in this area by examining the bond behavior of TRM composites exposed to an alkaline environment using single-lap shear tests. For this purpose, single-lap shear specimens were constructed using clay brick as the substrate, a lime-based mortar, and two different fabrics—basalt and glass. These specimens were subjected to an alkaline solution to simulate accelerated aging conditions, with constant temperature and pH. The specimens were tested after 1000, 3000, and 5000 hours of exposure to evaluate their bond behavior compared to control specimens of the same age. Additionally, the effect of the alkaline environment on the material properties of the composite constituents was investigated. Elastic modulus tests were conducted on cylindrical mortar samples and compared to reference samples, displaying satisfactory resistance to alkaline conditions. The study identified and compared the strength, stiffness, and failure mode of each specimen to the reference stage, providing valuable design parameters for various field applications.

Published
2024
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29. Assessment of a Medieval Arch Bridge Resorting to Non-destructive Techniques and Numerical Tools

Author

Oliveira, Daniel V., Allahvirdizadeh, Reza, Sánchez, Ana, Riveiro, Belen, Mendes, Nuno, Silva, Rui A., Fernandes, Francisco M., Correia, José A. F. O., Series Editor, De Jesus, Abílio M. P., Series Editor, Ayatollahi, Majid Reza, Advisory Editor, Berto, Filippo, Advisory Editor, Fernández-Canteli, Alfonso, Advisory Editor, Hebdon, Matthew, Advisory Editor, Kotousov, Andrei, Advisory Editor, Lesiuk, Grzegorz, Advisory Editor, Murakami, Yukitaka, Advisory Editor, Carvalho, Hermes, Advisory Editor, Zhu, Shun-Peng, Advisory Editor, Arêde, António, editor, and Costa, Cristina, editor

Published
2020
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33. Codes and Standards on Earth Construction

Author

Reddy, B. V. Venkatarama, primary, Morel, Jean-Claude, additional, Faria, Paulina, additional, Fontana, P., additional, Oliveira, Daniel V., additional, Serclerat, I., additional, Walker, P., additional, and Maillard, Pascal, additional

Published
2021
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34. Seismic Assessment of Earthen Structures

Author

Bui, Quoc-Bao, primary, El-Nabouch, Ranime, additional, Miccoli, Lorenzo, additional, Morel, Jean-Claude, additional, Oliveira, Daniel V., additional, Silva, Rui A., additional, Silveira, Dora, additional, Varum, Humberto, additional, and Vieux-Champagne, Florent, additional

Published
2021
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