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1. OATH: Efficient and Flexible Zero-Knowledge Proofs of End-to-End ML Fairness

Author: Franzese, Olive, Shamsabadi, Ali Shahin, and Haddadi, Hamed
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Though there is much interest in fair AI systems, the problem of fairness noncompliance -- which concerns whether fair models are used in practice -- has received lesser attention. Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Fairness (ZKPoF) address fairness noncompliance by allowing a service provider to verify to external parties that their model serves diverse demographics equitably, with guaranteed confidentiality over proprietary model parameters and data. They have great potential for building public trust and effective AI regulation, but no previous techniques for ZKPoF are fit for real-world deployment. We present OATH, the first ZKPoF framework that is (i) deployably efficient with client-facing communication comparable to in-the-clear ML as a Service query answering, and an offline audit phase that verifies an asymptotically constant quantity of answered queries, (ii) deployably flexible with modularity for any score-based classifier given a zero-knowledge proof of correct inference, (iii) deployably secure with an end-to-end security model that guarantees confidentiality and fairness across training, inference, and audits. We show that OATH obtains strong robustness against malicious adversaries at concretely efficient parameter settings. Notably, OATH provides a 1343x improvement to runtime over previous work for neural network ZKPoF, and scales up to much larger models -- even DNNs with tens of millions of parameters.
Published: 2024

2. The Role of the Curvaton Post-Planck

Author: Choi, Gongjun, Ke, Wenqi, and Olive, Keith A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The expected improvements in the precision of inflationary physics observables including the scalar spectral index $n_{s}$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ will reveal more than just the viability of a particular model of inflation. In the presence of a curvaton field $\chi$, supposedly dead models of inflation can be resurrected as these observables are affected by curvaton perturbations. For currently successful models, improved constraints will enable us to constrain the properties of extra decaying scalar degrees of freedom produced during inflation. In this work, we demonstrate these diverse uses of a curvaton field with the most recent constraints on ($n_{s},r$) and two exemplary inflation models, the Starobinsky model, and a model of new inflation. Our analysis invokes three free parameters: the curvaton mass $m_{\chi}$, its decay rate $\Gamma_{\chi}$ the reheating temperature $T_{\rm RH}$ produced by inflaton decays. We systematically analyze possible post-inflationary era scenarios of a curvaton field. By projecting the most recent CMB data on ($n_{s},r$) into this parameter space, we can either set constraints on the curvaton parameters from successful models of inflation (so that the success is not spoiled) or determine the parameters which are able to save a model for which $n_{s}$ is predicted to be below the experimental data. We emphasize that the initial value of $\langle \chi^2 \rangle \propto H^4/m_\chi^2$ produced during inflation is determined from a stochastic approach and thus not a free parameter in our analysis. We also investigate the production of local non-Gaussianity $f_{NL}^{(\rm loc)}$ and apply current CMB constraints to the parameter space. Intriguingly, we find that a large value of $f_{NL}^{(\rm loc)}$ of $\mathcal{O}(1)$ can be produced for both of the two representative inflation models., Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

3. Non-universal SUSY models, $g_\mu-2$, $m_H$ and dark matter

Author: Ellis, John, Olive, Keith A., and Spanos, Vassilis C.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We study the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, $g_\mu - 2 \equiv 2 a_\mu$, in the context of supersymmetric models beyond the CMSSM, where the unification of either the gaugino masses $M_{1,2,3}$ or sfermion and Higgs masses is relaxed, taking into account the measured mass of the Higgs boson, $m_H$, the cosmological dark matter density and the direct detection rate. We find that the model with non-unified gaugino masses can make a contribution $\Delta a_\mu\sim 20 \times 10^{-10}$ to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, for example if $M_{1,2} \sim 600$ GeV and $M_3\sim 8$ TeV. The model with non-universal sfermion and Higgs masses can provide even larger $\Delta a_\mu \sim 24 \times 10^{-10}$ if the sfermion masses for the first and the second generations are $ \sim 400 $ GeV and that of the third is $ \sim 8 $ TeV. We discuss the prospects for collider searches for supersymmetric particles in specific benchmark scenarios illustrating these possibilities, focusing in particular on the prospects for detecting the lighter smuon and the lightest neutralino., Comment: 34 pages, 17 figures
Published: 2024

4. Inflaton Production of Scalar Dark Matter through Fluctuations and Scattering

Author: Choi, Gongjun, Garcia, Marcos A. G., Ke, Wenqi, Mambrini, Yann, Olive, Keith A., and Verner, Sarunas
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We study the effects on particle production of a Planck-suppressed coupling between the inflaton and a scalar dark matter candidate, $\chi$. In the absence of this coupling, the dominant source for the relic density of $\chi$ is the long wavelength modes produced from the scalar field fluctuations during inflation. In this case, there are strong constraints on the mass of the scalar and the reheating temperature after inflation from the present-day relic density of $\chi$ (assuming $\chi$ is stable). When a coupling $\sigma \phi^2 \chi^2$ is introduced, with $\sigma = {\tilde \sigma} m_\phi^2/ M_P^2 \sim 10^{-10} {\tilde \sigma}$, where $m_\phi$ is the inflaton mass, the allowed parameter space begins to open up considerably even for ${\tilde \sigma}$ as small as $\gtrsim 10^{-7}$. For ${\tilde \sigma} \gtrsim \frac{9}{16}$, particle production is dominated by the scattering of the inflaton condensate, either through single graviton exchange or the contact interaction between $\phi$ and $\chi$. In this regime, the range of allowed masses and reheating temperatures is maximal. For $0.004 < {\tilde \sigma} < 50$, constraints from isocurvature fluctuations are satisfied, and the production from parametric resonance can be neglected., Comment: 13 pages, 4 Figures
Published: 2024

5. Inflaton decay in No-Scale Supergravity and Starobinsky-like models

Author: Ema, Yohei, Garcia, Marcos A. G., Ke, Wenqi, Olive, Keith A., and Verner, Sarunas
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We consider the decay of the inflaton in Starobinsky-like models arising from either an $R+R^2$ theory of gravity or $N=1$ no-scale supergravity models. If Standard Model matter is simply introduced to the $R + R^2$ theory, the inflaton (which appears when the theory is conformally transformed to the Einstein frame) couples to matter predominantly in Standard Model Higgs kinetic terms. This will typically lead to a reheating temperature of $\sim 3 \times 10^9$~GeV. However, if the Standard Model Higgs is conformally coupled to curvature, the decay rate may be suppressed and vanishes for a conformal coupling $\xi = 1/6$. Nevertheless, inflaton decays through the conformal anomaly leading to a reheating temperature of order $10^8$~GeV. The Starobinsky potential may also arise in no-scale supergravity. In this case, the inflaton decays if there is a direct coupling of the inflaton to matter in the superpotential or to gauge fields through the gauge kinetic function. We also discuss the relation between the theories and demonstrate the correspondence between the no-scale models and the conformally coupled $R+R^2$ theory (with $\xi = 1/6$)., Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, Contribution to Universe Special Issue: Particle Physics and Cosmology: A Themed Issue in Honour of Professor Dimitri Nanopoulos
Published: 2024

6. The minimal control time for the exact controllability by internal controls of 1D linear hyperbolic balance laws

Author: Hu, Long and Olive, Guillaume
Subjects: Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 35L40, 93B05
Abstract: In this article we study the internal controllability of 1D linear hyperbolic balance laws when the number of controls is equal to the number of state variables. The controls are supported in space in an arbitrary open subset. Our main result is a complete characterization of the minimal control time for the exact controllability property.
Published: 2024

7. Dark Matter Line Searches with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Abe, S., Abhir, J., Abhishek, A., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Ambrosi, G., Angel, L., Aramo, C., Arcaro, C., Arnesen, T. T. H., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasibar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batković, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Benbow, W., Berge, D., Bernardini, E., Bernete, J., Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bigongiari, C., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Bocchino, F., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bonnoli, G., Bonollo, A., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Böttcher, M., Bringmann, T., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brunelli, G., Bulgarelli, A., Bulik, T., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Buscemi, M., Bylund, T., Cailleux, J., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capasso, G., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, A., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cassol, F., Castaldini, L., Castrejon, N., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P. M., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cicciari, G. M., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Colapietro, M., Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dai, S., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., De Angelis, A., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., de Souza, V., del Peral, L., del Valle, M. V., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Mengual, J. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Díaz, C., Diebold, S., Dinesh, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Prester, D. Dominis, Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Ducci, L., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Errando, M., Escanuela, C., Escarate, P., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Fiori, M., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Furniss, A., Galanti, G., Galaz, G., Galelli, C., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Paiva, J. G. Giesbrecht Formiga, Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Giuffrida, R., Glicenstein, J. -F., Glombitza, J., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Gradetzke, T., Granot, J., Grasso, D., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grolleron, G., Guedes, L. M. V., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Hayashi, K., Heß, B., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hinton, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hovatta, T., Hrabovsky, M., Hrupec, D., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Inoue, Y., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Ishio, K., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jean, P., Quiles, J. Jimenez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kalekin, O., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kazanas, D., Kerszberg, D., Kieda, D. B., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Lazendic-Galloway, J., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leonora, E., Leto, G., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lipniacka, A., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Bahilo, J. Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Majumdar, P., Mallamaci, M., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martí, J., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Mazin, D., Menchiari, S., Mestre, E., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Miceli, M., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Moralejo, A., Morcuende, D., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nakamori, T., Nayak, A., Nemmen, R., Neto, J. P., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nikolić, L., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Orlando, S., Ostrowski, M., Otero-Santos, J., Oya, I., Pagano, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patricelli, B., Pe'er, A., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Persic, M., Peters, K. P., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pihet, M., Pinchbeck, L., Pirola, G., Pittori, C., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Pollet, V., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Prouza, M., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Regeard, M., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Ricci, C., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Frías, M. D. Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Ruiter, A. J., Rulten, C. B., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sandaker, H., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santos-Lima, R., Sapienza, V., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Saturni, F. G., Savarese, S., Scherer, A., Schiavone, F., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schovanek, P., Schubert, J. L., Schwanke, U., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seitenzahl, I. R., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Siegert, T., Siejkowski, H., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Hatlen, E. Sæther, Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Świerk, P., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Teshima, M., Testa, V., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Tosti, G., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Trois, A., Truzzi, S., Tutone, A., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vallania, P., Vallés, R., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vignatti, J., Vigorito, C. F., Villanueva, J., Visentin, E., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Voitsekhovskyi, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., White, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yang, L., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zaharijas, G., Zampieri, L., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhang, W., Zhdanov, V. I., Ziętara, K., Živec, M., and Zuriaga-Puig, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Monochromatic gamma-ray signals constitute a potential smoking gun signature for annihilating or decaying dark matter particles that could relatively easily be distinguished from astrophysical or instrumental backgrounds. We provide an updated assessment of the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to such signals, based on observations of the Galactic centre region as well as of selected dwarf spheroidal galaxies. We find that current limits and detection prospects for dark matter masses above 300 GeV will be significantly improved, by up to an order of magnitude in the multi-TeV range. This demonstrates that CTA will set a new standard for gamma-ray astronomy also in this respect, as the world's largest and most sensitive high-energy gamma-ray observatory, in particular due to its exquisite energy resolution at TeV energies and the adopted observational strategy focussing on regions with large dark matter densities. Throughout our analysis, we use up-to-date instrument response functions, and we thoroughly model the effect of instrumental systematic uncertainties in our statistical treatment. We further present results for other potential signatures with sharp spectral features, e.g.~box-shaped spectra, that would likewise very clearly point to a particle dark matter origin., Comment: 44 pages JCAP style (excluding author list and references), 19 figures; minor changes to match published version
Published: 2024
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8. On the enumeration of signatures of XOR-CNF's

Author: Creignou, Nadia, Defrain, Oscar, Olive, Frédéric, and Vilmin, Simon
Subjects: Computer Science - Data Structures and Algorithms, Computer Science - Discrete Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract: Given a CNF formula $\varphi$ with clauses $C_1, \dots, C_m$ over a set of variables $V$, a truth assignment $\mathbf{a} : V \to \{0, 1\}$ generates a binary sequence $\sigma_\varphi(\mathbf{a})=(C_1(\mathbf{a}), \ldots, C_m(\mathbf{a}))$, called a signature of $\varphi$, where $C_i(\mathbf{a})=1$ if clause $C_i$ evaluates to 1 under assignment $\mathbf{a}$, and $C_i(\mathbf{a})=0$ otherwise. Signatures and their associated generation problems have given rise to new yet promising research questions in algorithmic enumeration. In a recent paper, B\'erczi et al. interestingly proved that generating signatures of a CNF is tractable despite the fact that verifying a solution is hard. They also showed the hardness of finding maximal signatures of an arbitrary CNF due to the intractability of satisfiability in general. Their contribution leaves open the problem of efficiently generating maximal signatures for tractable classes of CNFs, i.e., those for which satisfiability can be solved in polynomial time. Stepping into that direction, we completely characterize the complexity of generating all, minimal, and maximal signatures for XOR-CNFs., Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

9. Bare mass effects on the reheating process after inflation

Author: Clery, Simon, Garcia, Marcos A. G., Mambrini, Yann, and Olive, Keith A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We consider the effects of a bare mass term for the inflaton, when the inflationary potential takes the form $V(\phi)= \lambda \phi^k$ about its minimum with $k \ge 4$. We concentrate on $k=4$, but discuss general cases as well. Further, we assume $\lambda \phi_{\rm end}^2 \gg m_\phi^2$, where $\phi_{\rm end}$ is the inflaton field value when the inflationary expansion ends. We show that the presence of a mass term (which may be present due to radiative corrections or supersymmetry breaking) can significantly alter the reheating process, as the equation of state of the inflaton condensate changes from $w_\phi=\frac{1}{3}$ to $w_\phi=0$ when $\lambda \phi^2$ drops below $m_\phi^2$. We show that for a mass $m_\phi \gtrsim T_{\rm RH}/250$, the mass term will dominate at reheating. We compute the effects on the reheating temperature for cases where reheating is due to inflaton decay (to fermions, scalars, or vectors) or to inflaton scattering (to scalars or vectors). For scattering to scalars and in the absence of a decay, we derive a strong upper limit to the inflaton bare mass $m_\phi < 350~{\rm MeV} (T_{\rm RH}/10^{10}~{\rm GeV})^{3/5}$, as there is always a residual inflaton background which acts as cold dark matter. We also consider the effect of the bare mass term on the fragmentation of the inflaton condensate., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2024

10. Minimal Production of Prompt Gravitational Waves during Reheating

Author: Choi, Gongjun, Ke, Wenqi, and Olive, Keith A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The inflationary reheating phase begins when accelerated expansion ends. As all Standard Model particles are coupled to gravity, gravitational interactions will lead to particle production. This includes the thermal bath, dark matter and gravitational radiation. Here, we compute the spectrum of gravitational waves from the inflatoncondensate during the initial phase of reheating. As particular examples of inflation, we consider the Starobinsky model and T-models, all of which are in good phenomenological agreement with CMB anisotropy measurements. The T-models are distinguished by the shape of the potential about its minimum and can be approximated by $V \sim \phi^k$, where $\phi$ is the inflaton. Interestingly, the shape of the gravitational wave spectrum (when observed) can be used to distinguish among the models considered. As we show, the Starobinsky model and T-models with $k=2$, provide very different spectra when compared to models with $k=4$ or $k>4$. Observation of multiple harmonics in the spectrum can be interpreted as a direct measurement of the inflaton mass. Furthermore, the cutoff in frequency can be used to determine the reheating temperature., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2024

11. Similarities and differences between systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still’s disease: a multicenter Spanish study

Author: Antón, Jordi, Mosquera, Juan Manuel, Calzada, Joan, Iglesias, Estíbaliz, Zacarías, Andrea, Olivé, Alejandro, Bittermann, Violeta, Lorenzo, Tania Rodríguez, Remesal, Agustín, Quintana-Ortega, Cristian, Nuño-Nuño, Laura, Robles-Marhuenda, Angel, de Inocencio, Jaime, Martín-López, María, Carreira, Patricia E., Brandy-García, Anahy M., Holgado, Susana, Camacho-Lovillo, Marisol, Ruiz-Román, Alberto, Clemente, Daniel, Narváez, Javier, Campos, José, Sánchez-Manubens, Judith, Bernabéu, Pilar, Graña, Jenaro, Vargas, Carmen, Ortiz-Santamaria, Vera, Castañeda, Santos, de Yébenes, María Jesús García, and Carmona, Loreto
Published: 2024
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12. Developmental Trajectories of Transactional Sex and Age-Disparate Relationships During Adolescence: An HPTN 068 Analysis

Author: Bhushan, Nivedita L., Rucinski, Katherine B., Stoner, Marie C. D., DeLong, Stephanie M., Gómez-Olivé, F. X., Khan, Kathleen, Twine, Rhian, Schwartz, Sheree R., and Pettifor, Audrey E.
Published: 2024
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13. A brittle constitutive law for long-term tectonic modeling based on sub-critical crack growth

Author: Petit, Léo, Olive, Jean-Arthur, Schubnel, Alexandre, Pourhiet, Laetitia Le, and Bhat, Harsha S.
Subjects: Physics - Geophysics
Abstract: Adequate representations of brittle deformation (fracturing and faulting) are essential ingredients of long term tectonic simulations. Such models commonly rely on Mohr Coulomb plasticity coupled with prescribed softening of cohesion and/or friction with accumulated plastic strain. This approach captures fundamental properties of brittle failure, but is overly sensitive to empirical softening parameters that cannot be determined experimentally. Here we design a brittle constitutive law that captures key processes of brittle deformation, and can be straightforwardly implemented in standard geodynamic models. In our Sub Critically Altered Maxwell (SCAM) flow law, brittle failure begins with the accumulation of distributed brittle damage, which represents the sub critical lengthening of tensile micro cracks prompted by slip on pre existing shear defects. Damage progressively and permanently weakens the rock's elastic moduli, until cracks catastrophically interact and coalesce up to macroscopic failure. The model's micromechanical parameters can be fully calibrated against rock deformation experiments, alleviating the need for ad hoc softening parameters. Upon implementing the SCAM flow law in 2 D plane strain simulations of rock deformation experiments, we find that it can produce Coulomb oriented shear bands which originate as damage bands. SCAM models can also be used to extrapolate rock strength from laboratory to tectonic strain rates, and nuance the use of Byerlee's law as an upper bound on lithosphere stresses. We further show that SCAM models can be upscaled to simulate tectonic deformation of a 10 km thick brittle plate over millions of years. These features make the SCAM rheology a promising tool to further investigate the complexity of brittle behavior across scales.
Published: 2024

14. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: data from the Spanish society of rheumathology Lupus Register (RELESSER)

Author: Garcia-Villanueva, María Jesús, Garrote-Corral, Sandra, Pego-Reigosa, Jose María, Jiménez Otero, Norman, Uriarte Isazelaia, Esther, Olivé Marqué, Alejandro, Sangüesa Gómez, Clara, Freire González, Mercedes, Aurrecoechea Aguinaga, Elena, Raya Álvarez, Enrique, Tomero Muriel, Eva, Montilla Morales, Carlos, Galindo Izquierdo, María, Calvo-Alén, Jaime, Menor-Almagro, Raúl, Serrano Benavente, Belén, Martinez-Barrio, Julia, Hernández-Beriain, Jose Angel, Ibañez Barceló, Mónica, Bonilla Hernan, Gema, Rosas, Jose, Salgado Pérez, Eva, Fernández-Nebro, Antonio, and Rua-Figueroa, Iñigo
Published: 2024
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15. IMPORTANCIA DE LA GESTION DE RIESGOS EN PARQUES ECOTURÍSTICOS EN MÉXICO PARA EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE LOS OBJETIVOS DE DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE

Author: Magaña Olivé, Paulina, García Vázquez, Jesús Eduardo, Peña Cometta, Jhon Harold, Ruiz Oliva, Valeria Constanza Belén, and Cuautle Gutiérrez, Luis
Published: 2024
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16. Innervation patterns of hamstring muscles, including morphological descriptions and clinical implication

Author: Farfán, Emilio, Rojas, Santiago, Olivé-Vilás, Ramón, and Rodríguez-Baeza, Alfonso
Published: 2024
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17. Robust and Actively Secure Serverless Collaborative Learning

Author: Franzese, Olive, Dziedzic, Adam, Choquette-Choo, Christopher A., Thomas, Mark R., Kaleem, Muhammad Ahmad, Rabanser, Stephan, Fang, Congyu, Jha, Somesh, Papernot, Nicolas, and Wang, Xiao
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract: Collaborative machine learning (ML) is widely used to enable institutions to learn better models from distributed data. While collaborative approaches to learning intuitively protect user data, they remain vulnerable to either the server, the clients, or both, deviating from the protocol. Indeed, because the protocol is asymmetric, a malicious server can abuse its power to reconstruct client data points. Conversely, malicious clients can corrupt learning with malicious updates. Thus, both clients and servers require a guarantee when the other cannot be trusted to fully cooperate. In this work, we propose a peer-to-peer (P2P) learning scheme that is secure against malicious servers and robust to malicious clients. Our core contribution is a generic framework that transforms any (compatible) algorithm for robust aggregation of model updates to the setting where servers and clients can act maliciously. Finally, we demonstrate the computational efficiency of our approach even with 1-million parameter models trained by 100s of peers on standard datasets., Comment: Accepted at NeurIPS 2023
Published: 2023

18. Chasing Gravitational Waves with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Green, Jarred Gershon, Carosi, Alessandro, Nava, Lara, Patricelli, Barbara, Schüssler, Fabian, Seglar-Arroyo, Monica, Consortium, Cta, Abe, Kazuki, Abe, Shotaro, Acharyya, Atreya, Adam, Remi, Aguasca-Cabot, Arnau, Agudo, Ivan, Alfaro, Jorge, Alvarez-Crespo, Nuria, Batista, Rafael Alves, Amans, Jean-Philippe, Amato, Elena, Ambrosino, Filippo, Angüner, Ekrem Oguzhan, Antonelli, Lucio Angelo, Aramo, Carla, Arcaro, Cornelia, Arrabito, Luisa, Asano, Katsuaki, Aschersleben, Jann, Ashkar, Halim, Stuani, Luiz Augusto, Baack, Dominik, Backes, Michael, Balazs, Csaba, Balbo, Matteo, Larriva, Andres Baquero, Martins, Victor Barbosa, de Almeida, Ulisses Barres, Barrio, Juan Abel, Bastieri, Denis, Batista, Pedro Ivo, Batković, Ivana, Batzofin, Rowan William, Baxter, Joshua Ryo, Beck, Geoffrey, Tjus, Julia Becker, Beiske, Lukas, Belardinelli, Daniele, Benbow, Wystan, Bernardini, Elisa, Medrano, Juan Bernete, Bernlöhr, Konrad, Berti, Alessio, Beshley, Vasyl, Bhattacharjee, Pooja, Bhattacharyya, Saptashwa, Bi, Baiyang, Biederbeck, Noah, Biland, Adrian, Bissaldi, Elisabetta, Blanch, Oscar, Blazek, Jiri, Boisson, Catherine, Bolmont, Julien, Bonnoli, Giacomo, Bordas, Pol, Bošnjak, Željka, Bradascio, Federica, Braiding, Catherine, Bronzini, Ettore, Brose, Robert, Brown, Anthony M., Brun, Francois, Brunelli, Giulia, Bulgarelli, Andrea, Burelli, Irene, Burmistrov, Leonid, Burton, Michael, Bylund, Tomas, Calisse, Paolo Gherardo, Campoy-Ordaz, Anna, Cantlay, Brandon Khan, Capalbi, Milvia, Caproni, Anderson, Capuzzo-Dolcetta, Roberto, Carlile, Colin, Caroff, Sami, Carosi, Roberto, Carrasco, Marie-Sophie, Cascone, Enrico, Cassol, Franca, Castrejon, Noelia, Catalani, Fernando, Cerasole, Davide, Cerruti, Matteo, Chaty, Sylvain, Chen, Andrew W, Chernyakova, Maria, Chiavassa, Andrea, Chudoba, Jiří, Araujo, Carlos Henrique Coimbra, Conforti, Vito, Conte, Francesco, Contreras, Jose Luis, Cossou, Christophe, Costa, Alessandro, Costantini, Heide, Cristofari, Pierre, Cuevas, Omar, Curtis-Ginsberg, Zachary, D'Amico, Giacomo, D'Ammando, Filippo, Dadina, Mauro, Dalchenko, Mykhailo, David, Ludovic, Davids, Isak Delberth, Dazzi, Francesco, De Angelis, Alessandro, de Lavergne, Mathieu de Bony, De Caprio, Vincenzo, De Cesare, Giovanni, Pino, Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, Barbara, de Lucia, Mario, de Menezes, Raniere, de Naurois, Mathieu, Wilhelmi, Emma de Oña, De Simone, Nicola, de Souza, Vitor, Del Peral, Luis, del Valle, Maria Victoria, Delagnes, Eric, Giler, Andres Gabriel Delgado, Delgado, Carlos, Dell'aiera, Michael, Della Ceca, Roberto, Della Valle, Massimo, Della Volpe, Domenico, Depaoli, Davide, Dettlaff, Antonios, Di Girolamo, Tristano, Di Piano, Ambra, Di Pierro, Federico, Di Tria, Riccardo, Di Venere, Leonardo, Díaz-Bahamondes, Christian, Dib, Claudio, Diebold, Sebastian, Dima, Razvan, Dinesh, Adithiya, Djannati-Ataï, Arache, Djuvsland, Julia Isabel, Dominguez, Alberto, Dominik, Rune Michael, Donini, Alice, Dorner, Daniela, Dörner, Julien, Doro, Michele, Anjos, Rita de Cassia dos, Dournaux, Jean-Laurent, Dravins, Dainis, Duangchan, Chaimongkol, Dubos, Coline, Ducci, Lozenzo, Dwarkadas, Vikram V., Ebr, Jan, Eckner, Christopher, Egberts, Kathrin, Einecke, Sabrina, Elsässer, Dominik, Emery, Gabriel, Godoy, Miguel Escobar, Escudero, Juan, Esposito, Paolo, Falceta-Gonçalves, Diego, Ramazani, Vandad Fallah, Faure, Alice, Fedorova, Elena, Fegan, Stephen, Feijen, Kirsty, Feng, Qi, Ferrand, Gilles, Ferrarotto, Fabio, Fiandrini, Emanuele, Fiasson, Armand, Fioretti, Valentina, Foffano, Luca, Guiteras, Lluis Font, Fontaine, Gerard, Fröse, Stefan, Fukami, Satoshi, Fukui, Yasuo, Funk, Stefan, Gaggero, Daniele, Galanti, Giorgio, Galaz, Gaspar, Gallant, Yves A., Gallozzi, Stefano, Gammaldi, Viviana, Gasbarra, Claudio, Gaug, Markus, Ghalumyan, Arsen, Gianotti, Fulvio, Giarrusso, Marina, Giglietto, Nicola, Giordano, Francesco, Giuliani, Andrea, Glicenstein, Jean-Francois, Glombitza, Jonas, Goldoni, Paolo, González, José Mauricio, González, Maria Magdalena, Coelho, Jaziel Goulart, Granot, Jonathan, Grasso, Dario, Haro, Roger Grau, Green, David, Greenshaw, Tim, Grolleron, Guillaume, Grube, Jeff, Gueta, Orel, Gunji, Shuichi, Hadasch, Daniela, Hamal, Petr, Hanlon, William, Hara, Satoshi, Harvey, Violet M., Hashiyama, Kazuaki, Hassan, Tarek, Heller, Matthieu, Cadena, Sergio Hernández, Hie, Jonathan, Hiroshima, Nagisa, Hnatyk, Bohdan, Hnatyk, Roman, Hoffmann, Dirk, Hofmann, Werner, Holler, Markus, Horan, Deirdre, Horvath, Pavel, Hovatta, Talvikki, Hrupec, Dario, Hussain, Saqib, Iarlori, Marco, Inada, Tomohiro, Incardona, Federico, Inome, Yusuke, Inoue, Susumu, Iocco, Fabio, Ishio, Kazuma, Jamrozy, Marek, Janecek, Petr, Jankowsky, Felix, Jarnot, Christian, Jean, Pierre, Martínez, Irene Jiménez, Jin, Weidong, Jocou, Laurent, Juramy-Gilles, Claire, Jurysek, Jakub, KALEKIN, Oleg, Kantzas, Dimitrios, Karas, Vladimir, Kaufmann, Sarah, Kerszberg, Daniel, Khelifi, Bruno, Kieda, David B, Kleiner, Tobias Kai, Kluźniak, Włodzimierz, Kobayashi, Yukiho, Kohri, Kazunori, Komin, Nukri, Kornecki, Paula, Kosack, Karl, Kubo, Hidetoshi, Kushida, Junko, La Barbera, Antonino, La Palombara, Nicola, Lainez, Maria, Lamastra, Alessandra, Lapington, Jon S, Lazarevic, Sanja, Lazendic-Galloway, Jasmina, Leach, Steven, Lemoine-Goumard, Marianne, Lenain, Jean-Philippe, Leto, Giuseppe, Leuschner, Fabian, Lindfors, Elina, Linhoff, Maximilian, Liodakis, Ioannis, Loïc, Lozach, Lombardi, Saverio, Longo, Francesco, López-Coto, Rubén, López-Moya, Marcos, López-Oramas, Alicia, Loporchio, Serena, Bahilo, Julio Lozano, Luque-Escamilla, Pedro L., Macias, Oscar, Maier, Gernot, Majumdar, Pratik, Malyshev, Denys, Malyshev, Dmitry, Mandat, Dusan, Manicò, Giulio, Marinos, Peter David, Markoff, Sera, Márquez, Isabel, Marquez, Patricia, Marsella, Giovanni, Martí, Josep, Martin, Pierrick, Martínez, Gustavo Augusto, Martínez, Manel, Martinez, Oibar, Marty, Christophe, Mas-Aguilar, Alvaro, Mastropietro, Michele, Maurin, Gilles, Max-Moerbeck, Walter, Mazin, Daniel, Melkumyan, David, Menchiari, Stefano, Mestre, Enrique, Meunier, Jean-Luc, Meyer, Dominique M. -A., Miceli, Davide, Michailidis, Miltiadis, Michałowski, Jerzy, Miener, Tjark, Miranda, Jose Miguel, Mitchell, Alison, Mizote, Masaya, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Moderski, Rafal, Mohrmann, Lars, Molero, Miguel, Molfese, Cesare, Molina, Edgar, Montaruli, Teresa, Moralejo, Abelardo, Morcuende, Daniel, Morik, Katharina, Morselli, Aldo, Moulin, Emmanuel, Zamanillo, Victor Moya, Mukherjee, Reshmi, Munari, Kevin, Muraczewski, Adam, Muraishi, Hiroshi, Nakamori, Takeshi, Nayak, Amrit, Nemmen, Rodrigo, Nickel, Lukas, Niemiec, Jacek, Nieto, Daniel, Rosillo, Mireia Nievas, Nikołajuk, Marek, Nishijima, Kyoshi, Noda, Koji, Nosek, Dalibor, Novosyadlyj, Bohdan, Novotný, Vladimír, Nozaki, Seiya, O'Brien, Paul, Ohishi, Michiko, Ohtani, Yoshiki, Okumura, Akira, Olive, Jean-François, Olmi, Barbara, Ong, Rene A., Orienti, Monica, Orito, Reiko, Orlandini, Mauro, Orlando, Elena, Ostrowski, Michal, Otte, Nepomuk, Oya, Igor, Pagano, Isabella, Pagliaro, Antonio, Palatiello, Michele, Panebianco, Gabriele, Paredes, Josep M., Parmiggiani, Nicolò, Patel, Sonal Ramesh, Pavlović, Dijana, Pe'er, Asaf, Pech, Miroslav, Pecimotika, Mario, Peresano, Michele, Pérez-Romero, Judit, Peron, Giada, Persic, Massimo, Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier, Petruk, Oleh, Pfeifle, Felix, Pintore, Fabio, Pirola, Giorgio, Pittori, Carlotta, Plard, Cyann, Podobnik, Franjo, Pohl, Martin, Pons, Estelle, Prandini, Elisa, Prast, Julie, Principe, Giacomo, Priyadarshi, Chaitanya, Produit, Nicolas, Prokhorov, Dmitry, Pueschel, Elisa, Pühlhofer, Gerd, Pumo, Maria Letizia, Punch, Michael, Quirrenbach, Andreas, Raino, Silvia, Randazzo, Nunzio, Rando, Riccardo, Ravel, Thierry, Razzaque, Soebur, Regeard, Maxime, Reichherzer, Patrick, Reimer, Anita, Reimer, Olaf, Reisenegger, Andreas, Reposeur, Thierry, Reville, Brian, Rhode, Wolfgang, Ribó, Marc, Richtler, Tom, Rieger, Frank, Roache, Emmet, Fernandez, Gonzalo Rodriguez, Frías, Maria Dolores Rodríguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, Juan José, Romano, Patrizia, Romeo, Giuseppe, Rosado, Jaime, Rowell, Gavin P, Rudak, Bronislaw, Ruiter, Ashley J., Rulten, Cameron Boyd, Russo, Federico, Sadeh, Iftach, Saha, Lab, Saito, Takayuki, Sakurai, Shunsuke, Salzmann, Heiko, Sanchez, David, Sanchez-Conde, Miguel, Sangiorgi, Pierluca, Sano, Hidetoshi, Santander, Marcos, Santangelo, Andrea, Santos-Lima, Reinaldo, Sanuy, Andreu, Šarić, Toni, Sarkar, Arkadipta, Sarkar, Subir, Saturni, Francesco Gabriele, Savchenko, Volodymyr, Scherer, Andres, Schipani, Pietro, Schleicher, Bernd, Schovanek, Petr, Schubert, Jan Lukas, Schwanke, Ullrich, Schwefer, Georg, Scuderi, Salvatore, Arroyo, Monica Seglar, Seitenzahl, Ivo, Sergijenko, Olga, Sguera, Vito, Shang, Ruo-Yu, Sharma, Pooja, Sidibe, Guereguin Der Sylvestre, Sidoli, Lara, Siejkowski, Hubert, Siqueira, Clarissa, Sizun, Patrick, Sliusar, Vitalii, Slowikowska, Agnieszka, Sol, Helene, Specovius, Andreas, Spencer, Samuel Timothy, Spiga, Daniele, Stamerra, Antonio, Stanič, Samo, Starecki, Tomasz, Starling, Rhaana, Steppa, Constantin, Stolarczyk, Thierry, Strišković, Jelena, Strzys, Marcel C., Suda, Yusuke, Suomijarvi, Tiina, Tak, Donggeun, Takahashi, Mitsunari, Takeishi, Ryuji, Tam, Pak-Hin Thomas, Tanaka, Shuta J, Tanaka, Takaaki, Terauchi, Kenta, Testa, Vincenzo, Tibaldo, Luigi, Tibolla, Omar, Torradeflot, Francesc, Torres, Diego F., Torresi, Eleonora, Tothill, Nick, Toussenel, Francois, Touzard, Victoria, Tramacere, Andrea, Travnicek, Petr, Tripodo, Giovanni, Truzzi, Stefano, Tsiahina, Adellain, Tutone, Antonio, Vacula, Martin, Vallage, Bertrand, Vallania, Piero, Vallés, Ramon, van Eldik, Christopher, van Scherpenberg, Juliane, Vandenbroucke, Justin, Vassiliev, Vladimir, Venault, Philippe, Ventura, Sofia, Vercellone, Stefano, Verna, Gaia, Viana, Aion, Viaux, Nicolás, Vigliano, Alessandro, Vignatti, Jonatan, Vigorito, Carlo francesco, Vitale, Vincenzo, Vodeb, Veronika, Voisin, Vincent, Vorobiov, Serguei, Voutsinas, Georgios Gerasimos, Vovk, Ievgen, Waegebaert, Vincent, Wagner, Stefan Joachim, Walter, Roland, Ward, Martin, Wechakama, Maneenate, White, Richard, Wierzcholska, Alicja, Will, Martin, Williams, David A., Wohlleben, Frederik, Wolter, Anna, Yamamoto, Tokonatsu, Yamazaki, Ryo, Yang, Lili, Yoshida, Tatsuo, Yoshikoshi, Takanori, Zacharias, Michael, Sanchez, Ricardo Zanmar, Zavrtanik, Danilo, Zavrtanik, Marko, Zdziarski, Andrzej A., Zech, Andreas, Zhdanov, Valery I., Ziȩtara, Krzysztof, Živec, Miha, and Zuriaga-Puig, Jaume
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The detection of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger by Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (GW170817), along with the discovery of the electromagnetic counterparts of this gravitational wave event, ushered in a new era of multimessenger astronomy, providing the first direct evidence that BNS mergers are progenitors of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Such events may also produce very-high-energy (VHE, > 100GeV) photons which have yet to be detected in coincidence with a gravitational wave signal. The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a next-generation VHE observatory which aims to be indispensable in this search, with an unparalleled sensitivity and ability to slew anywhere on the sky within a few tens of seconds. New observing modes and follow-up strategies are being developed for CTA to rapidly cover localization areas of gravitational wave events that are typically larger than the CTA field of view. This work will evaluate and provide estimations on the expected number of of gravitational wave events that will be observable with CTA, considering both on- and off-axis emission. In addition, we will present and discuss the prospects of potential follow-up strategies with CTA., Comment: Presented at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2023), 2023 (arXiv:2309.08219)
Published: 2023

19. Gravitational Production of Spin-3/2 Particles During Reheating

Author: Kaneta, Kunio, Ke, Wenqi, Mambrini, Yann, Olive, Keith A., and Verner, Sarunas
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We compute the density of a spin-$\frac32$ particle, the raritron, produced at the end of inflation due to gravitational interactions. We consider a background inflaton condensate as the source of this production, mediated by the exchange of a graviton. This production greatly exceeds the gravitational production from the emergent thermal bath during reheating. The relic abundance limit sets an absolute minimum mass for a stable raritron, though there are also model dependent constraints imposed by unitarity. We also examine the case of gravitational production of a gravitino, taking into account the goldstino evolution during reheating. We compare these results with conventional gravitino production mechanisms., Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2023

20. Prospects for $\gamma$-ray observations of the Perseus galaxy cluster with the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: Consortium, The Cherenkov Telescope Array, Abe, K., Abe, S., Acero, F., Acharyya, A., Adam, R., Aguasca-Cabot, A., Agudo, I., Aguirre-Santaella, A., Alfaro, J., Alfaro, R., Alvarez-Crespo, N., Batista, R. Alves, Amans, J. -P., Amato, E., Angüner, E. O., Antonelli, L. A., Aramo, C., Araya, M., Arcaro, C., Arrabito, L., Asano, K., Ascasíbar, Y., Aschersleben, J., Ashkar, H., Stuani, L. Augusto, Baack, D., Backes, M., Baktash, A., Balazs, C., Balbo, M., Ballester, O., Larriva, A. Baquero, Martins, V. Barbosa, de Almeida, U. Barres, Barrio, J. A., Batista, P. I., Batkovic, I., Batzofin, R., Baxter, J., González, J. Becerra, Beck, G., Tjus, J. Becker, Benbow, W., Medrano, J. Bernete, Bernlöhr, K., Berti, A., Bertucci, B., Beshley, V., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhattacharyya, S., Bi, B., Biederbeck, N., Biland, A., Bissaldi, E., Biteau, J., Blanch, O., Blazek, J., Boisson, C., Bolmont, J., Bordas, P., Bosnjak, Z., Bottacini, E., Bradascio, F., Braiding, C., Bronzini, E., Brose, R., Brown, A. M., Brun, F., Brunetti, G., Bucciantini, N., Bulgarelli, A., Burelli, I., Burmistrov, L., Burton, M., Bylund, T., Calisse, P. G., Campoy-Ordaz, A., Cantlay, B. K., Capalbi, M., Caproni, A., Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R., Caraveo, P., Caroff, S., Carosi, R., Carquin, E., Carrasco, M. -S., Cascone, E., Cassol, F., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Cerasole, D., Cerruti, M., Chadwick, P., Chaty, S., Chen, A. W., Chernyakova, M., Chiavassa, A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Cifuentes, A., Araujo, C. H. Coimbra, Conforti, V., Conte, F., Contreras, J. L., Cortina, J., Costa, A., Costantini, H., Cotter, G., Cristofari, P., Cuevas, O., Curtis-Ginsberg, Z., D'Amico, G., D'Ammando, F., Dalchenko, M., Dazzi, F., de Lavergne, M. de Bony, De Caprio, V., Laadim, F. De Frondat, Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal, De Lotto, B., De Lucia, M., De Martino, D., de Menezes, R., de Naurois, M., De Simone, N., de Souza, V., del Valle, M. V., Delagnes, E., Giler, A. G. Delgado, Delgado, C., Dell'aiera, M., della Volpe, D., Depaoli, D., Di Girolamo, T., Di Piano, A., Di Pierro, F., Di Tria, R., Di Venere, L., Diebold, S., Djannati-Ataï, A., Djuvsland, J., Dominik, R. M., Donini, A., Dorner, D., Dörner, J., Doro, M., Anjos, R. D. C. dos, Dournaux, J. -L., Duangchan, C., Dubos, C., Dumora, D., Dwarkadas, V. V., Ebr, J., Eckner, C., Egberts, K., Einecke, S., Elsässer, D., Emery, G., Godoy, M. Escobar, Escudero, J., Esposito, P., Ettori, S., Evoli, C., Falceta-Goncalves, D., Ramazani, V. Fallah, Fattorini, A., Faure, A., Fedorova, E., Fegan, S., Feijen, K., Feng, Q., Ferrand, G., Ferrarotto, F., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Filipovic, M., Fioretti, V., Foffano, L., Guiteras, L. Font, Fontaine, G., Fröse, S., Fukazawa, Y., Fukui, Y., Gaggero, D., Galanti, G., Gallozzi, S., Gammaldi, V., Garczarczyk, M., Gasbarra, C., Gasparrini, D., Gaug, M., Ghalumyan, A., Gianotti, F., Giarrusso, M., Giesbrecht, J., Giglietto, N., Giordano, F., Glicenstein, J. -F., Göksu, H., Goldoni, P., González, J. M., González, M. M., Coelho, J. Goulart, Granot, J., Grau, R., Gréaux, L., Green, D., Green, J. G., Grenier, I., Grolleron, G., Grube, J., Gueta, O., Hackfeld, J., Hadasch, D., Hamal, P., Hanlon, W., Hara, S., Harvey, V. M., Hassan, T., Heckmann, L., Heller, M., Cadena, S. Hernández, Hervet, O., Hie, J., Hiroshima, N., Hnatyk, B., Hnatyk, R., Hoang, J., Hoffmann, D., Hofmann, W., Holder, J., Horan, D., Horvath, P., Hrupec122, D., Hütten, M., Iarlori, M., Inada, T., Incardona, F., Inoue, S., Iocco, F., Iori, M., Jamrozy, M., Janecek, P., Jankowsky, F., Jarnot, C., Jean, P., Martínez, I. Jiménez, Jin, W., Juramy-Gilles, C., Jurysek, J., Kagaya, M., Kantzas, D., Karas, V., Katagiri, H., Kataoka, J., Kaufmann, S., Kerszberg, D., Khélifi, B., Kissmann, R., Kleiner, T., Kluge, G., Kluźniak, W., Knödlseder, J., Kobayashi, Y., Kohri, K., Komin, N., Kornecki, P., Kosack, K., Kowal, G., Kubo, H., Kushida, J., La Barbera, A., La Palombara, N., Láinez, M., Lamastra, A., Lapington, J., Laporte, P., Lazarević, S., Leitgeb, F., Lemoine-Goumard, M., Lenain, J. -P., Leone, F., Leto, G., Leuschner, F., Lindfors, E., Linhoff, M., Liodakis, I., Lombardi, S., Longo, F., López-Coto, R., López-Moya, M., López-Oramas, A., Loporchio, S., Luque-Escamilla, P. L., Macias, O., Mackey, J., Majumdar, P., Malyshev, D., Mandat, D., Manganaro, M., Manicò, G., Mariotti, M., Markoff, S., Márquez, I., Marquez, P., Marsella, G., Martínez, G. A., Martínez, M., Martinez, O., Marty, C., Mas-Aguilar, A., Mastropietro, M., Maurin, G., Mazin, D., Melkumyan, D., Mello, A. J. T. S., Meunier, J. -L., Meyer, D. M. -A., Meyer, M., Miceli, D., Michailidis, M., Michałowski, J., Miener, T., Miranda, J. M., Mitchell, A., Mizote, M., Mizuno, T., Moderski, R., Molero, M., Molfese, C., Molina, E., Montaruli, T., Morcuende, D., Morik, K., Morlino, G., Morselli, A., Moulin, E., Zamanillo, V. Moya, Munari, K., Murach, T., Muraczewski, A., Muraishi, H., Nagataki, S., Nakamori, T., Nemmen, R., Neyroud, N., Nickel, L., Niemiec, J., Nieto, D., Rosillo, M. Nievas, Nikołajuk, M., Nishijima, K., Noda, K., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nozaki, S., O'Brien, P., Ohishi, M., Ohtani, Y., Okumura, A., Olive, J. -F., Olmi, B., Ong, R. A., Orienti, M., Orito, R., Orlandini, M., Orlando, E., Ostrowski, M., Oya, I., Pagliaro, A., Palatiello, M., Panebianco, G., Paneque, D., Pantaleo, F. R., Paoletti, R., Paredes, J. M., Parmiggiani, N., Patel, S. R., Patricelli, B., Pavlović, D., Pech, M., Pecimotika, M., Pensec, U., Peresano, M., Pérez-Romero, J., Peron, G., Persic, M., Petrucci, P. -O., Petruk, O., Piano, G., Pierre, E., Pietropaolo, E., Pintore, F., Pirola, G., Pita, S., Plard, C., Podobnik, F., Pohl, M., Polo, M., Pons, E., Ponti, G., Prandini, E., Prast, J., Principe, G., Priyadarshi, C., Produit, N., Pueschel, E., Pühlhofer, G., Pumo, M. L., Punch, M., Queiroz, F., Quirrenbach, A., Rainò, S., Rando, R., Razzaque, S., Recchia, S., Regeard, M., Reichherzer, P., Reimer, A., Reimer, O., Reisenegger, A., Rhode, W., Ribeiro, D., Ribó, M., Richtler, T., Rico, J., Rieger, F., Righi, C., Riitano, L., Rizi, V., Roache, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J., Romano, P., Romeo, G., Rosado, J., de Leon, A. Rosales, Rowell, G., Rudak, B., Rulten, C. B., Russo, F., Sadeh, I., Saha, L., Saito, T., Salzmann, H., Sanchez, D., Sánchez-Conde, M., Sangiorgi, P., Sano, H., Santander, M., Santangelo, A., Santos-Lima, R., Sanuy, A., Šarić, T., Sarkar, A., Sarkar, S., Satalecka, K., Saturni, F. G., Savchenko, V., Scherer, A., Schipani, P., Schleicher, B., Schubert, J. L., Schussler, F., Schwanke, U., Schwefer, G., Arroyo, M. Seglar, Seiji, S., Semikoz, D., Sergijenko, O., Servillat, M., Sguera, V., Shang, R. Y., Sharma, P., Siejkowski, H., Sinha, A., Siqueira, C., Sliusar, V., Slowikowska, A., Sol, H., Specovius, A., Spencer, S. T., Spiga, D., Stamerra, A., Stanič, S., Starecki, T., Starling, R., Stawarz, Ł., Steppa, C., Stolarczyk, T., Strišković, J., Suda, Y., Suomijärvi, T., Tajima, H., Tak, D., Takahashi, M., Takeishi, R., Tanaka, S. J., Tavernier, T., Tejedor, L. A., Terauchi, K., Terrier, R., Teshima, M., Tian, W. W., Tibaldo, L., Tibolla, O., Torradeflot, F., Torres, D. F., Torresi, E., Tosti, G., Tosti, L., Tothill, N., Toussenel, F., Touzard, V., Tramacere, A., Travnicek, P., Tripodo, G., Truzzi, S., Tsiahina, A., Tutone, A., Vacula, M., Vallage, B., Vallania, P., van Eldik, C., van Scherpenberg, J., Vandenbroucke, J., Vassiliev, V., Acosta, M. Vázquez, Vecchi, M., Ventura, S., Vercellone, S., Verna, G., Viana, A., Viaux, N., Vigliano, A., Vigorito, C. F., Vitale, V., Vodeb, V., Voisin, V., Vorobiov, S., Voutsinas, G., Vovk, I., Vuillaume, T., Wagner, S. J., Walter, R., Wechakama, M., White, R., Wierzcholska, A., Will, M., Williams, D. A., Wohlleben, F., Wolter, A., Yamamoto, T., Yamazaki, R., Yoshida, T., Yoshikoshi, T., Zacharias, M., Zaharijas, G., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Zdziarski, A. A., Zech, A., Zhdanov, V. I., Živec, M., Zuriaga-Puig, J., and Luque, P. De la Torre
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Galaxy clusters are expected to be dark matter (DM) reservoirs and storage rooms for the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) that accumulate along the cluster's formation history. Accordingly, they are excellent targets to search for signals of DM annihilation and decay at gamma-ray energies and are predicted to be sources of large-scale gamma-ray emission due to hadronic interactions in the intracluster medium. We estimate the sensitivity of the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) to detect diffuse gamma-ray emission from the Perseus galaxy cluster. We perform a detailed spatial and spectral modelling of the expected signal for the DM and the CRp components. For each, we compute the expected CTA sensitivity. The observing strategy of Perseus is also discussed. In the absence of a diffuse signal (non-detection), CTA should constrain the CRp to thermal energy ratio within the radius $R_{500}$ down to about $X_{500}<3\times 10^{-3}$, for a spatial CRp distribution that follows the thermal gas and a CRp spectral index $\alpha_{\rm CRp}=2.3$. Under the optimistic assumption of a pure hadronic origin of the Perseus radio mini-halo and depending on the assumed magnetic field profile, CTA should measure $\alpha_{\rm CRp}$ down to about $\Delta\alpha_{\rm CRp}\simeq 0.1$ and the CRp spatial distribution with 10% precision. Regarding DM, CTA should improve the current ground-based gamma-ray DM limits from clusters observations on the velocity-averaged annihilation cross-section by a factor of up to $\sim 5$, depending on the modelling of DM halo substructure. In the case of decay of DM particles, CTA will explore a new region of the parameter space, reaching models with $\tau_{\chi}>10^{27}$s for DM masses above 1 TeV. These constraints will provide unprecedented sensitivity to the physics of both CRp acceleration and transport at cluster scale and to TeV DM particle models, especially in the decay scenario., Comment: 93 pages (including author list, appendix and references), 143 figures. Submitted to JCAP
Published: 2023

21. Effects of Fragmentation on Post-Inflationary Reheating

Author: Garcia, Marcos A. G., Gross, Mathieu, Mambrini, Yann, Olive, Keith A., Pierre, Mathias, and Yoon, Jong-Hyun
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We consider the effects of fragmentation on the post-inflationary epoch of reheating. In simple single field models of inflation, an inflaton condensate undergoes an oscillatory phase once inflationary expansion ends. The equation of state of the condensate depends on the shape of the scalar potential, $V(\phi)$, about its minimum. Assuming $V(\phi) \sim \phi^k$, the equation of state parameter is given by $w = P_\phi/\rho_\phi = (k-2)/(k+2)$. The evolution of condensate and the reheating process depend on $k$. For $k \ge 4$, inflaton self-interactions may lead to the fragmentation of the condensate and alter the reheating process. Indeed, these self-interactions lead to the production of a massless gas of inflaton particles as $w$ relaxes to 1/3. If reheating occurs before fragmentation, the effects of fragmentation are harmless. We find, however, that the effects of fragmentation depend sensitively to the specific reheating process. Reheating through the decays to fermions is largely excluded since perturbative couplings would imply that fragmentation occurs before reheating and in fact could prevent reheating from completion. Reheating through the decays to boson is relatively unaffected by fragmentation and reheating through scatterings results in a lower reheating temperature., Comment: 31 pages, 10 figures; v2 matches version published in JCAP
Published: 2023

22. 'Pink power'—the importance of coralline algal beds in the oceanic carbon cycle

Author: Nadine Schubert, Fernando Tuya, Viviana Peña, Paulo A. Horta, Vinícius W. Salazar, Pedro Neves, Cláudia Ribeiro, Francisco Otero-Ferrer, Fernando Espino, Kathryn Schoenrock, Federica Ragazzola, Irene Olivé, Thalassia Giaccone, Matteo Nannini, M. Cristina Mangano, Gianluca Sará, Francesco Paolo Mancuso, Mario Francesco Tantillo, Mar Bosch-Belmar, Sophie Martin, Line Le Gall, Rui Santos, and João Silva
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Current evidence suggests that macroalgal-dominated habitats are important contributors to the oceanic carbon cycle, though the role of those formed by calcifiers remains controversial. Globally distributed coralline algal beds, built by pink coloured rhodoliths and maerl, cover extensive coastal shelf areas of the planet, but scarce information on their productivity, net carbon flux dynamics and carbonate deposits hampers assessing their contribution to the overall oceanic carbon cycle. Here, our data, covering large bathymetrical (2–51 m) and geographical ranges (53°N–27°S), show that coralline algal beds are highly productive habitats that can express substantial carbon uptake rates (28–1347 g C m−2 day−1), which vary in function of light availability and species composition and exceed reported estimates for other major macroalgal habitats. This high productivity, together with their substantial carbonate deposits (0.4–38 kilotons), renders coralline algal beds as highly relevant contributors to the present and future oceanic carbon cycle.
Published: 2024
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23. Sociocultural perceptions of physical activity and dietary habits for hypertension control: voices from adults in a rural sub-district of South Africa

Author: Kganetso Sekome, Francesc Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Lauren B. Sherar, Dale W. Esliger, and Hellen Myezwa
Subjects: High blood pressure, Hypertension, Physical activity, Nutrition, Lifestyle change, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Over half of adults from rural South Africa are hypertensive. Apart from pharmaceutical treatment, lifestyle changes such as increasing physical activity and reducing dietary salt have been strongly advocated for the control of hypertension. However, the control rates of hypertension for adults in rural South Africa are low. In this paper we explore whether this is due to the recommended lifestyle intervention not aligning with the individual’s socio-cultural determinants of behaviour change. Aim To explore the social and cultural beliefs, perceptions and practices regarding physical activity and diet as a hypertension control intervention on hypertensive adults living in a rural sub-district in South Africa. Methods Nine focus group discussions were conducted with hypertensive adults aged 40 years and above from Bushbuckridge sub-district in Mpumalanga Province of South Africa using a semi-structured interview guide. Each session began with introductions of the discussion theme followed by a short discussion on what the participants know about hypertension and the normal blood pressure readings. Physical activity and dietary habits were then introduced as the main subject of discussion. Probing questions were used to get more insight on a specific topic. A thematic analysis approach was used to generate codes, categories, and themes. A manual approach to data analysis was chosen and data obtained through transcripts were analysed inductively. Findings Participants had a lack of knowledge about blood pressure normal values. Perceived causes of hypertension were alluded to psychosocial factors such as family and emotional-related issues. Physical activity practices were influenced by family and community members’ attitudes and gender roles. Factors which influenced dietary practices mainly involved affordability and availability of food. To control their hypertension, participants recommend eating certain foods, emotional control, taking medication, exercising, praying, correct food preparation, and performing house chores. Conclusion Lifestyle interventions to control hypertension for adults in a rural South African setting using physical activity promotion and dietary control must consider the beliefs related to hypertension control of this population.
Published: 2024
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24. Autonomous feedback stabilization of a cavity-coupled spin oscillator

Author: Wolf, Julian, Eilbott, Olive H., Isaacs, Josh A., Mours, Kevin P., Kohler, Jonathan, and Stamper-Kurn, Dan M.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: We report out-of-equilibrium stabilization of the collective spin of an atomic ensemble through autonomous feedback by a driven optical cavity. For a magnetic field applied at an angle to the cavity axis, dispersive coupling to the cavity provides sensitivity to a combination of the longitudinal and transverse spin. Coherent backaction by cavity light onto the atoms, conditioned by the optical cavity susceptibility, stabilizes the collective spin state at an arbitrary energy. The set point tracking and closed-loop gain spectrum of the feedback system are characterized and found to agree closely with analytic predictions.
Published: 2023

25. Electroweak Loop Contributions to the Direct Detection of Wino Dark Matter

Author: Ellis, John, Nagata, Natsumi, Olive, Keith A., and Zheng, Jiaming
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Electroweak loop corrections to the matrix elements for the spin-independent scattering of cold dark matter particles on nuclei are generally small, typically below the uncertainty in the local density of cold dark matter. However, as shown in this paper, there are instances in which the electroweak loop corrections are relatively large, and change significantly the spin-independent dark matter scattering rate. An important example occurs when the dark matter particle is a wino, e.g., in anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking (AMSB) and pure gravity mediation (PGM) models. We find that the one-loop electroweak corrections to the spin-independent wino LSP scattering cross section generally interfere constructively with the tree-level contribution for AMSB models with negative Higgsino mixing, $\mu < 0$, and in PGM-like models for both signs of $\mu$, lifting the cross section out of the neutrino fog and into a range that is potentially detectable in the next generation of direct searches for cold dark matter scattering., Comment: 27 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2023

26. Testing the Scalar Weak Gravity Conjecture in No-scale Supergravity

Author: Dudas, Emilian, Gherghetta, Tony, Olive, Keith A., and Verner, Sarunas
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: We explore possible extensions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) to scalar field theories. To avoid charged black hole remnants, the WGC requires the existence of a particle with a mass $m < g q M_P$, with charge $q$ and U(1) gauge coupling $g$, allowing the decay to shed the black hole charge. Although there is no obvious problem that arises in the absence of a U(1) charge, it has been postulated that gravity must remain the weakest force even when extended to scalar interactions. Quantifying this conjecture may be done by comparing scalar and gravitational amplitudes, or as we advocate here by comparing scattering cross sections. In theories with non-trivial field space geometries, by working out examples with perturbation theory around arbitrary field values and performing tadpole resummations, we argue that the conjecture must be applied only at the extrema of the scalar potential (when expressed in locally canonical coordinates). We consider several toy models in the context of no-scale supergravity and also consider examples of inflationary models., Comment: 47 pages, 19 figures
Published: 2023

27. The LHCb upgrade I

Author: LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Achard, C., Ackernley, T., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Afsharnia, H., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Albero, A. Alfonso, Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreani, A., Andreianov, A., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Andrews, J. E., Anelli, M., Anjam, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Arnaud, K., Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Ashby, J., Aslanides, E., Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Rocha, D. Ayres, Perea, I. B Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Bailly-reyre, A., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Balbi, G., Baldini, W., Balla, A., Baltazar, M., Band, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Barbetti, M., Barclay, P., Barlow, R. J., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Baryshnikov, F., Basels, J. M., Bassi, G., Baszczyk, M., Lopes, J. C. Batista, Batsukh, B., Battig, A., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Beigbeder-Beau, C., Beiter, A., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Benettoni, M., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernard, F., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Berninghoff, D., Bernstein, H. C., Bertella, C., Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bezshyyko, O., Bhasin, S., Bhom, J., Bian, L., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blago, M. P., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bobulska, D., Bochin, B., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bogdanova, G., Boiaryntseva, I., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Booth, M. J., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Boterenbrood, H., Bouchiba, S. A., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyaryntsev, A., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Bradley, M. J., Braun, S., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Bregliozzi, G., Bridges, K., Briere, M. M. J., Brock, M., Brodski, M., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, C., Brown, J., Brummitt, A. J., Brundu, D., Brunetti, L., Buda, L., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burmistrov, L., Burr, C., Bursche, A., Butkevich, A., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cachemiche, J. P., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A., Calabrese, R., Calefice, L., Calegari, D., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Canfer, S., Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Carassiti, V., Carbone, A., Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carletti, M., Carniti, P., Carroll, J., Carus, L., Vidal, A. Casais, Caspary, R., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cavallini, V., Ceelie, L., Celani, S., Cerasoli, J., Cervenkov, D., Cesare, S., Chadaj, B., Chadwick, A. J., Chahrour, I., Chanal, H., Chapman, M. G., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chaumat, V. J., Barajas, C. A. Chavez, Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chernov, A., Chernov, E., Chernyshenko, S., Chiozzi, S., Chobanova, V., Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Cicala, M. F., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Cifra, P., Citterio, M., Ciullo, G., Clark, K., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Cobbledick, J. L., Coco, V., Coelli, S., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Congedo, L., Conti, N., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Corredoira, I., Corti, G., Ramusino, A. Cotta, Couturier, B., Cowan, G. A., Craik, D. C., Torres, M. Cruz, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dai, X., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Damen, A., Daniel, J., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Daudon, F., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., Davis, J., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Benedetti, F., de Boer, J., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., Da Graca, U. De Freitas Carneiro, De Lucia, E., De Miranda, J. M., de Oliveira, R., De Paula, L., De Roo, K., De Serio, M., De Simone, D., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., De Wit, E., Dean, C. T., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Deckenhoff, M., Dedu, V., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Denis, C., Denysenko, V., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Bari, D., Di Nezza, P., Diachkov, I., Didenko, S., Maronas, L. Dieste, Dijkstra, H., Ding, S., Dobishuk, V., Doets, M., Doherty, F., Dolmatov, A., Domke, M., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Dorosz, P., Reis, A. C. dos, Douglas, L., Downes, A. G., Duarte, O., Duda, P., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Dumps, R., Durante, P., Duras, M. M., Durham, J. M., Dutta, D., Duval, P. Y., Dziewiecki, M., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Egede, U., Egorychev, V., Orro, C. Eirea, Eisenhardt, S., Ejopu, E., Ekelhof, R., Ek-In, S., Eklund, L., Elashri, M. E, Ellbracht, J., Elvin, A., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Escher, S., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Fabiano, F., Falcao, L. N., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Fantini, L., Faria, M., Farry, S., Fazzini, D., Felkowski, L. F, Feo, M., Declara, P. Fernandez, Gomez, M. Fernandez, Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Ferreira, R., Lopes, L. Ferreira, Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Sole, S. Ferreres, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. M., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fleuret, F., Flores, L., Fontana, M., Fontanelli, F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Fournier, C., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Freestone, J., Frei, C., Frei, R., Frelier, J., Friday, D. A., Frontini, L. F, Fu, J., Fuehring, Q., Fulghesu, T., Fuzipeg, C., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Galati, M. D., Galka, M., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gallorini, S., Gambetta, S., Gan, Y., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Gao, R., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Martin, L. M. Garcia, Moreno, P. Garcia, Pardiñas, J. García, Plana, B. Garcia, Rosales, F. A. Garcia, Garrido, L., Garroum, N., Garsed, P. J., Gascon, D., Gaspar, C., Gasq, C., Gatta, M., Gavardi, L., Gebolis, P. M., Geertsema, R. E., Gerick, D., Gerken, L. L., Germann, D., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Getz, S. A., Giambastiani, L., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Girard, O. G., Gironell, P. Gironella, Giugliano, C., Giza, M. A., Gizdov, K., Gkougkousis, E. L., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Fernandez, S. Gomez, Abrantes, F. Goncalves, Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Grabowski, J. P., Grammatico, T., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Grant, F., Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Graziani, G., Grecu, A. T., Greeven, L. M., Greim, R., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gromov, V., Grub, N., Cazon, B. R. Gruberg, Grynyov, B., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guerin, S., Guittiere, M., Günther, P. A., Gushchin, E., Guth, A., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Hachon, F., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Haines, S. C., Halewood-leagas, T., Halvorsen, M. M., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J., Hamrat, S., Han, Q., Han, X., Hansen, E. B., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hao, L., Harnew, N., Harrison, T., Hasse, C., Hatch, M., He, J., Heijhoff, K., Hemmer, F. H, Henderson, C., Henderson, R. D. L., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Herd, J., Herold, T., Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Hill, D., Hilton, M., Hoft, G. T., Hollitt, S. E., Hopchev, P. H., Hornberger, O., Horswill, J., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Huang, X., Hulsbergen, W., Hummel, S., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutanu, O. E., Hutchcroft, D., Hynds, D., Ibis, P., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Iniukhin, A., Insa, C., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Elles, S. J. Jaimes, Jakobsen, S., Jamet, O., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jaspers, M., Jawahery, A., Jevaud, M., Jevtic, V., Jiang, E., Jiang, X., Jiang, Y., John, D., John, M., Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Jost, B., Jurik, N., Juszczak, I., Kandybei, S., Kang, Y., Karacson, M., Kariuki, J. M., Karpenkov, D., Karpinski, W., Karpov, M., Kaufmann, K., Kautz, J. W., Kayzel, F., Keizer, F., Keller, D. M., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Khreich, G., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Kok, H., Koliiev, S., Kolk, L., Kondybayeva, A., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Kopecna, R., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kos, J., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kozachuk, A., Kozlov, V. S., Kraan, M., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Krawczyk, R. D., Kreps, M., Kretzschmar, S., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kubat, J., Kubis, S., Kucewicz, W., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kuhlman, A., Kuilman, W. C., Kulikova, E. K, Kuonen, A. K., Kupfer, N., Kupsc, A., Kvaratskheliya, T., Lacarrere, D., Lafferty, G., Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Langstaff, M., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzaroni, M., Dortz, O. Le, Gac, R. Le, Lee, S. H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lemaitre, F., Lenisa, P., Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Leverington, B., Li, A., Li, H., Li, K., Li, P., Li, P. -R., Li, S., Li, T., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Lieunard, B., Lin, C., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, Q., Liu, S., Salvia, A. Lobo, Loi, A., Lollini, R., Castro, J. Lomba, Longstaff, I., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Louis, D., Lovell, G. H., Loveridge, P., Lowe, A. D., Lu, Y., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Luchuk, S., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V., Lukianov, A., Luo, H., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lupton, O., Lusiani, A., Lutz, L. F., Lynch, K., Lyu, X. -R., Ma, R., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Mackay, I., Macko, V., Mackowiak, P., Maddrell-Mander, S., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Maevskiy, A., Magne, M., Maisuzenko, D., Majewski, M. W., Malaguti, R., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malecki, B., Malinin, A., Malkinski, K., Maltsev, T., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mancuso, C., Escalero, R. Manera, Manuzzi, D., Manzari, C. A., Marangotto, D., Marchand, J. F., Marconi, U., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Marshall, P. J., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Masic, B., Massafferri, A., Materok, M., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Mathe, Z., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. 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A., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Nazarov, E., Needham, M., Neri, I., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Newcombe, R., Trung, T. Nguyen, Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nieswand, S., Nikitin, N., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G. N, Nunez, C., O'Bannon, T., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., O'Dell, J., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olive, P., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Orlov, V., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Ovsiannikova, T., Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, Y., Panshin, G., Paoletti, E., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parker, W., Parkes, C., Pasquali, L., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patrignani, C., Pavlenko, D., Pawley, C. J., Pearce, A., Regales, M. D. P. Peco, Pellegrino, A., Peltier, F., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perro, A., Perry, M., Pessina, G., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Petrucci, S., Petruzzo, M., Pham, H., Philippov, A., Piandani, R., Pica, L., Olloqui, E. Picatoste, Piccini, M., Piedigrossi, D., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pili, M., Pillet, N., Pilorz, E. M., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Plews, J., Casasus, M. Plo, Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polyakov, V., Polycarpo, E., Pomery, G. J., Ponce, S., Pons, X., Poplawski, K., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Pratt, D., Promberger, L., Prouve, C., Pugatch, V., Puill, V., Punzi, G., Qi, H. R., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Raab, N. V., Rachwal, B., Rademacker, J. H., Rajagopalan, R., Rama, M., Ramaherison, J. J., Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Alepuz, C. Remon, Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Rethore, F., Reynet, D., Ribatti, R., Ricci, A. M., Ricciardi, S., Richards, D. S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Riedinger, J., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rochet, J., Rodrigues, A. B., Rodrigues, E., Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Perez, P. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Roeland, E., Rolf, D. L., Rollings, A., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Lamas, M. Romero, Vidal, A. Romero, Rosier, P., Roth, J. D., Rotondo, M., Rovekamp, J., Roy, L., Rudnyckyj, F., Rudolph, M. S., Ruf, T., Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sagidova, N., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Gras, C. Sanchez, Sanders, F., Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Sarti, A., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Saussac, A., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Sborzacchi, F., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schimmel, A., Schindler, H., Schipper, J. D., Schmeitz, R., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schneider, O., Schneider, T., Schopper, A., Schubiger, M., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestak, J., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Seyfert, P., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Sherman, M. s, Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shields, E. B., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Siddi, B. G., Siebig, S., Sigmund, D., Sigurdsson, S., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Singla, M., Skidmore, N., Skuza, R., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Slattery, K., Slazyk, I., Smallwood, J. C., Smeaton, J. G., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Smith, N. A., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Socha, J-L., Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Song, R., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Spaan, B., Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Squerzanti, S., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Steffens, E., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Stone, S., Stramaglia, M. E., Strekalina, D., Su, Y. S, Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sun, Y., Svihra, P., Swallow, P. N., Swientek, K., Swientek, S., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Szymanski, M., Tagliente, G, Tan, Y., Taneja, S., Tat, M. D., Quere, M. Taurigna, Terentev, A., Terront, D. F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Thomson, K. A., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Topp-Joergensen, S., Machado, D. Torres, Tou, D. Y., Trilov, S. M., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagner, A., Vagnoni, V., Valassi, A., Valat, S., Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, van Beuzekom, M., Van De Kraats, P. W., van der Heijden, B., Van Dijk, M., van Dongen, J., Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Nieuwland, L., van Overbeek, M., Van Stenis, M., van Veghel, M., Vandaele, R., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Veldt, L., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Verkooijnen, H., Veronesi, M., Vesterinen, M., Barbosa, J. V. Viana, Vieira, D., Diaz, M. Vieites, Viel, K. J., Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Vink, W., Vitkovskiy, A., Volkov, V., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voneki, B., Vorbach, O., Vorobyev, A., Vorobyev, V., Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vouters, G., Vrahas, C., Walet, W., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Warda, K., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Webster, J., Wei, Y., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, D. J., Whitehead, M., Wieczorek, D., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, I., Williams, M., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Wilson, F. F., Wimberley, J., Windelband, B., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wlochal, M., Wong, C. P., Wormald, M., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wraight, K., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wyllie, K., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Q., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeomans, L. E., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenaiev, O., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zhukov, V., Zivkovic, V., Zou, Q., Zucchelli, S., Zuliani, D., Zunica, G., and Zvyagintsev, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The LHCb upgrade represents a major change of the experiment. The detectors have been almost completely renewed to allow running at an instantaneous luminosity five times larger than that of the previous running periods. Readout of all detectors into an all-software trigger is central to the new design, facilitating the reconstruction of events at the maximum LHC interaction rate, and their selection in real time. The experiment's tracking system has been completely upgraded with a new pixel vertex detector, a silicon tracker upstream of the dipole magnet and three scintillating fibre tracking stations downstream of the magnet. The whole photon detection system of the RICH detectors has been renewed and the readout electronics of the calorimeter and muon systems have been fully overhauled. The first stage of the all-software trigger is implemented on a GPU farm. The output of the trigger provides a combination of totally reconstructed physics objects, such as tracks and vertices, ready for final analysis, and of entire events which need further offline reprocessing. This scheme required a complete revision of the computing model and rewriting of the experiment's software., Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at http://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-DP-2022-002.html (LHCb public pages)
Published: 2023
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28. “Pink power”—the importance of coralline algal beds in the oceanic carbon cycle

Author: Schubert, Nadine, Tuya, Fernando, Peña, Viviana, Horta, Paulo A., Salazar, Vinícius W., Neves, Pedro, Ribeiro, Cláudia, Otero-Ferrer, Francisco, Espino, Fernando, Schoenrock, Kathryn, Ragazzola, Federica, Olivé, Irene, Giaccone, Thalassia, Nannini, Matteo, Mangano, M. Cristina, Sará, Gianluca, Mancuso, Francesco Paolo, Tantillo, Mario Francesco, Bosch-Belmar, Mar, Martin, Sophie, Le Gall, Line, Santos, Rui, and Silva, João
Published: 2024
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29. Sociocultural perceptions of physical activity and dietary habits for hypertension control: voices from adults in a rural sub-district of South Africa

Author: Sekome, Kganetso, Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier, Sherar, Lauren B., Esliger, Dale W., and Myezwa, Hellen
Published: 2024
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30. Characteristics of infections with ancestral, Beta and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the PHIRST-C community cohort study, South Africa, 2020-2021

Author: Cohen, Cheryl, Kleynhans, Jackie, von Gottberg, Anne, McMorrow, Meredith L., Wolter, Nicole, Bhiman, Jinal N., Moyes, Jocelyn, du Plessis, Mignon, Carrim, Maimuna, Buys, Amelia, Martinson, Neil A., Kahn, Kathleen, Tollman, Stephen, Lebina, Limakatso, Wafawanaka, Floidy, du Toit, Jacques, Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier, Dawood, Fatimah S., Mkhencele, Thulisa, and Tempia, Stefano
Published: 2024
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31. Macular vessel density in the superficial plexus is not a proxy of cerebrovascular damage in non-demented individuals: data from the NORFACE cohort

Author: García-Sánchez, Ainhoa, Sotolongo-Grau, Oscar, Tartari, Juan Pablo, Sanabria, Ángela, Esteban - De Antonio, Ester, Pérez-Cordón, Alba, Alegret, Montserrat, Pytel, Vanesa, Martínez, Joan, Aguilera, Núria, de Rojas, Itziar, Cano, Amanda, García-González, Pablo, Puerta, Raquel, Olivé, Clàudia, Capdevila, Maria, García-Gutiérrez, Fernando, Vivas, Assumpta, Gómez-Chiari, Marta, Giménez, Juan, Tejero, Miguel Ángel, Castilla-Martí, Miguel, Castilla-Martí, Luis, Tárraga, Lluís, Valero, Sergi, Ruiz, Agustín, Boada, Mercè, and Marquié, Marta
Published: 2024
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32. Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk scores of retinal thickness across the cognitive continuum: data from the NORFACE cohort

Author: Sáez, María Eugenia, García-Sánchez, Ainhoa, de Rojas, Itziar, Alarcón-Martín, Emilio, Martínez, Joan, Cano, Amanda, García-González, Pablo, Puerta, Raquel, Olivé, Clàudia, Capdevila, Maria, García-Gutiérrez, Fernando, Castilla-Martí, Miguel, Castilla-Martí, Luis, Espinosa, Ana, Alegret, Montserrat, Ricciardi, Mario, Pytel, Vanesa, Valero, Sergi, Tárraga, Lluís, Boada, Mercè, Ruiz, Agustín, and Marquié, Marta
Published: 2024
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33. Clinico-radiological features of intracranial atherosclerosis-related large vessel occlusion prior to endovascular treatment

Author: Rodrigo-Gisbert, Marc, García-Tornel, Alvaro, Requena, Manuel, Vielba-Gómez, Isabel, Bashir, Saima, Rubiera, Marta, De Dios Lascuevas, Marta, Olivé-Gadea, Marta, Piñana, Carlos, Rizzo, Federica, Muchada, Marian, Rodriguez-Villatoro, Noelia, Rodríguez-Luna, David, Juega, Jesus, Pagola, Jorge, Hernández, David, Molina, Carlos A., Terceño, Mikel, Tomasello, Alejandro, and Ribo, Marc
Published: 2024
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34. Unveiling the sound of the cognitive status: Machine Learning-based speech analysis in the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum

Author: García-Gutiérrez, Fernando, Alegret, Montserrat, Marquié, Marta, Muñoz, Nathalia, Ortega, Gemma, Cano, Amanda, De Rojas, Itziar, García-González, Pablo, Olivé, Clàudia, Puerta, Raquel, García-Sanchez, Ainhoa, Capdevila-Bayo, María, Montrreal, Laura, Pytel, Vanesa, Rosende-Roca, Maitee, Zaldua, Carla, Gabirondo, Peru, Tárraga, Lluís, Ruiz, Agustín, Boada, Mercè, and Valero, Sergi
Published: 2024
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35. Feasibility and acceptability of a contextualized physical activity and diet intervention for the control of hypertension in adults from a rural subdistrict: a study protocol (HYPHEN)

Author: Sekome, Kganetso, Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier, Sherar, Lauren B., Esliger, Dale W., and Myezwa, Hellen
Published: 2024
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36. Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018

Author: Cohen, Cheryl, Kleynhans, Jackie, Moyes, Jocelyn, McMorrow, Meredith L., Treurnicht, Florette K., Hellferscee, Orienka, Wolter, Nicole, Martinson, Neil A., Kahn, Kathleen, Lebina, Limakatso, Mothlaoleng, Katlego, Wafawanaka, Floidy, Gómez-Olivé, Francesc Xavier, Mkhencele, Thulisa, Mathunjwa, Azwifarwi, Carrim, Maimuna, Mathee, Angela, Piketh, Stuart, Language, Brigitte, von Gottberg, Anne, and Tempia, Stefano
Published: 2024
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37. The Association Between HIV-Related Stigma and the Uptake of HIV Testing and ART Among Older Adults in Rural South Africa: Findings from the HAALSI Cohort Study

Author: Mahlalela, Nomsa B., Manne-Goehler, Jennifer, Ohene-Kwofie, Daniel, B. Adams, Leslie, Montana, Livia, Kahn, Kathleen, Rohr, Julia K., Bärnighausen, Till, and Gómez-Olivé, Francesc X.
Published: 2024
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38. Palliative care for children with central nervous system tumors: results of a Spanish multicenter study

Author: Pérez-Torres Lobato, Maria, Navarro-Marchena, Lucía, de Noriega, Iñigo, Morey Olivé, Miriam, Solano-Páez, Palma, Rubio Pérez, Eloísa, Garrido Colino, Carmen, García Abos, Miriam, Tallón García, María, Huidobro Labarga, Beatriz, Portugal Rodríguez, Raquel, López Ibor, Blanca, Lassaletta, Álvaro, Morgenstern Isaak, Andrés, Cruz Martínez, Ofelia, Valero Arrese, Lorena, Llort Sales, Anna, Gros Subias, Luis, Márquez Vega, Catalina, Moreno, Lucas, and Quiroga-Cantero, Eduardo
Published: 2024
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39. Distal hereditary motor neuronopathy as a new phenotype associated with variants in BAG3

Author: de Fuenmayor-Fernández de la Hoz, Carlos Pablo, Lupo, Vincenzo, Bermejo-Guerrero, Laura, Martín-Jiménez, Paloma, Hernández-Laín, Aurelio, Olivé, Montse, Gallardo, Eduard, Esteban-Pérez, Jesús, Espinós, Carmen, and Domínguez-González, Cristina
Published: 2024
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40. COVID-19 and 'Pasteurella multocida' pulmonary coinfection: A case series

Author: Cabras, Ornella, Turmel, Jean-Marie, Olive, Claude, Bigeard, Bastien, Lehoux, Melanie, Pierre-Francois, Sandrine, Guitteaud, Karine, Abel, Sylvie, Cuzin, Lise, and Cabie, Andre
Published: 2022

41. The Neutron Mean Life and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis

Author: Yeh, Tsung-Han, Olive, Keith A., and Fields, Brian D.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We explore the effect of neutron lifetime and its uncertainty on standard big-bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). BBN describes the cosmic production of the light nuclides $^1{\rm H}$, ${\rm D}$, $^3{\rm H}$+$^3{\rm He}$, $^4{\rm He}$, and $^7{\rm Li}$+$^7{\rm Be}$ in the first minutes of cosmic time. The neutron mean life $\tau_n$ has two roles in modern BBN calculations: (1) it normalizes the matrix element for weak $n \leftrightarrow p$ interconversions, and (2) it sets the rate of free neutron decay after the weak interactions freeze out. We review the history of the interplay between $\tau_n$ measurements and BBN, and present a study of the sensitivity of the light element abundances to the modern neutron lifetime measurements. We find that $\tau_n$ uncertainties dominate the predicted $^4{\rm He}$ error budget, but these theory errors remain smaller than the uncertainties in $^4{\rm He}$ observations, even with the dispersion in recent neutron lifetime measurements. For the other light-element predictions, $\tau_n$ contributes negligibly to their error budget. Turning the problem around, we combine present BBN and cosmic microwave background (CMB) determinations of the cosmic baryon density to $\textit{predict}$ a "cosmologically preferred" mean life of $\tau_{n}({\rm BBN+CMB}) = 870 \pm 16 \ \rm sec$, which is consistent with experimental mean life determinations. We go on to show that if future astronomical and cosmological helium observations can reach an uncertainty of $\sigma_{\rm obs}(Y_p) = 0.001$ in the $^4{\rm He}$ mass fraction $Y_p$, this could begin to discriminate between the mean life determinations., Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2023

42. Quantifying Limits on CP Violating Phases from EDMs in Supersymmetry

Author: Kaneta, Kunio, Nagata, Natsumi, Olive, Keith A., Pospelov, Maxim, and Velasco-Sevilla, Liliana
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We revisit the calculation of the electron, neutron, and proton electric dipole moments (EDMs) in the constrained minimal supersymmetric standard model (CMSSM). The relatively large mass of the Higgs boson, $m_H \simeq 125$ GeV coupled with the (as yet) lack of discovery of any supersymmetric particle at the LHC, has pushed the supersymmetry breaking scale to several TeV or higher. Though one might expect this decoupling to have relaxed completely any bounds on the two CP violating phases in the CMSSM ($\theta_\mu$ and $\theta_A$), the impressive experimental improvements in the limits on the EDMs (particularly the electron EDM) still allow us to set constraints of order $(0.01 - 0.1)\pi$ on $\theta_A$ and $(0.001 - 0.1)\pi$ on $\theta_\mu$. We also discuss the impact of future improvements in the experimental limits on supersymmetric models., Comment: 34 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2023
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43. Complexity of Reasoning with Cardinality Minimality Conditions

Author: Creignou, Nadia, Olive, Frédéric, and Schmidt, Johannes
Subjects: Computer Science - Computational Complexity
Abstract: Many AI-related reasoning problems are based on the problem of satisfiability of propositional formulas with some cardinality-minimality condition. While the complexity of the satisfiability problem (SAT) is well understood when considering systematically all fragments of propositional logic within Schaefer's framework (STOC 1978) this is not the case when such minimality condition is added. We consider the CardMinSat problem, which asks, given a formula F and an atom x, whether x is true in some cardinality-minimal model of F. We completely classify the computational complexity of the CardMinSat problem within Schaefer's framework, thus paving the way for a better understanding of the tractability frontier of many AI-related reasoning problems. To this end we use advanced algebraic tools developed by (Schnoor & Schnoor 2008) and (Lagerkvist 2014).
Published: 2023

44. Supergravity Scattering Amplitudes

Author: Dudas, Emilian, Gherghetta, Tony, Olive, Keith A., and Verner, Sarunas
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: Supergravity theories with non-minimal K\"ahler potentials are characterized by a non-trivial field space manifold with corresponding non-trivial kinetic terms. The scattering amplitudes in these theories can be calculated at fixed background field values by making a field redefinition to Riemann normal coordinates. Because of the K\"ahler structure of supergravity, a more compact method for calculating amplitudes is obtained by a redefinition to K\"ahler normal coordinates. We compare both methods and calculate the explicit transformations and amplitudes for several examples in the context of no-scale supergravity with one and two chiral superfields. We show that in all cases the equivalence of the scattering amplitudes using either Riemann normal or K\"ahler normal coordinates is possible only at extremal points of the scalar potential., Comment: 40 pages, 6 Figures
Published: 2023

45. A Benchmark on Uncertainty Quantification for Deep Learning Prognostics

Author: Basora, Luis, Viens, Arthur, Chao, Manuel Arias, and Olive, Xavier
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract: Reliable uncertainty quantification on RUL prediction is crucial for informative decision-making in predictive maintenance. In this context, we assess some of the latest developments in the field of uncertainty quantification for prognostics deep learning. This includes the state-of-the-art variational inference algorithms for Bayesian neural networks (BNN) as well as popular alternatives such as Monte Carlo Dropout (MCD), deep ensembles (DE) and heteroscedastic neural networks (HNN). All the inference techniques share the same inception deep learning architecture as a functional model. We performed hyperparameter search to optimize the main variational and learning parameters of the algorithms. The performance of the methods is evaluated on a subset of the large NASA NCMAPSS dataset for aircraft engines. The assessment includes RUL prediction accuracy, the quality of predictive uncertainty, and the possibility to break down the total predictive uncertainty into its aleatoric and epistemic parts. The results show no method clearly outperforms the others in all the situations. Although all methods are close in terms of accuracy, we find differences in the way they estimate uncertainty. Thus, DE and MCD generally provide more conservative predictive uncertainty than BNN. Surprisingly, HNN can achieve strong results without the added training complexity and extra parameters of the BNN. For tasks like active learning where a separation of epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty is required, radial BNN and MCD seem the best options., Comment: 29 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2023

46. Clinical value of plasma pTau181 to predict Alzheimer's disease pathology in a large real-world cohort of a memory clinicResearch in context

Author: Amanda Cano, María Capdevila, Raquel Puerta, Javier Arranz, Laura Montrreal, Itziar de Rojas, Pablo García-González, Claudia Olivé, Fernando García-Gutiérrez, Oscar Sotolongo-Grau, Adelina Orellana, Nuria Aguilera, Maribel Ramis, Maitee Rosende-Roca, Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Juan Pablo Tartari, Asunción Lafuente, Liliana Vargas, Alba Pérez-Cordón, Nathalia Muñoz, Ángela Sanabria, Montserrat Alegret, Xavier Morató, Lluís Tárraga, Victoria Fernández, Marta Marquié, Sergi Valero, Daniel Alcolea, Mercè Boada, and Agustín Ruiz
Subjects: Plasma biomarkers, pTau181, Alzheimer's disease, Prodromal AD, Mild cognitive impairment, Real-world cohort, Medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract: Summary: Background: The identification of patients with an elevated risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and eligible for the disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) in the earliest stages is one of the greatest challenges in the clinical practice. Plasma biomarkers has the potential to predict these issues, but further research is still needed to translate them to clinical practice. Here we evaluated the clinical applicability of plasma pTau181 as a predictive marker of AD pathology in a large real-world cohort of a memory clinic. Methods: Three independent cohorts (modelling [n = 991, 59.7% female], testing [n = 642, 56.2% female] and validation [n = 441, 55.1% female]) of real-world patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD dementia, and other dementias were included. Paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples were used to measure AT(N) CSF biomarkers and plasma pTau181. Findings: CSF and plasma pTau181 showed correlation in all phenotypes except in SCD and other dementias. Age significantly influenced the biomarker's performance. The general Aβ(+) vs Aβ(−) ROC curve showed an AUC = 0.77 [0.74–0.80], whereas the specific ROC curve of MCI due to AD vs non-AD MCI showed an AUC = 0.89 [0.85–0.93]. A cut-off value of 1.30 pg/ml of plasma pTau181 exhibited a sensitivity of 93.57% [88.72–96.52], specificity of 72.38% [62.51–79.01], VPP of 77.85% [70.61–83.54], and 8.30% false negatives in the subjects with MCI of the testing cohort. The HR of cox regression showed that patients with MCI up to this cut-off value exhibited a HR = 1.84 [1.05–3.22] higher risk to convert to AD dementia than patients with MCI below the cut-off value. Interpretation: Plasma pTau181 has the potential to be used in the memory clinics as a screening biomarker of AD pathology in subjects with MCI, presenting a valuable prognostic utility in predicting the MCI conversion to AD dementia. In the context of a real-world population, a confirmatory test employing gold-standard procedures is still advisable. Funding: This study has been mainly funded by Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Fundación ADEY, Fundación Echevarne and Grífols S.A.
Published: 2024
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47. Immunogenicity of a third dose with mRNA-vaccines in the ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 vaccination regimen against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Author: Javier García-Pérez, Alberto M. Borobia, Mayte Pérez-Olmeda, Antonio Portolés, Luis Castaño, Magdalena Campins-Artí, María Jesús Bertrán, Mercedes Bermejo, José Ramón Arribas, Andrea López, Ana Ascaso-del-Rio, Eunate Arana-Arri, Inmaculada Fuentes Camps, Anna Vilella, Almudena Cascajero, María Teresa García-Morales, María Castillo de la Osa, Carla Pérez Ingidua, David Lora, Paloma Jiménez-Santana, Silvia Pino-Rosa, Agustín Gómez de la Cámara, Erick De La Torre-Tarazona, Esther Calonge, Raquel Cruces, Cristóbal Belda-Iniesta, José Alcamí, Jesús Frías, Antonio J. Carcas, Francisco Díez-Fuertes, Lucía Díaz García, Elena Ramírez García, Enrique Seco Meseguer, Stefan Mark Stewart Balbàs, Alicia Marín Candón, Irene García García, Mikel Urroz Elizalde, Paula de la Rosa, Marta Sanz García, Cristina López Crespo, Vega Mauleón Martínez, Raquel de Madariaga Castell, Laura Vitón Vara, Rocío Prieto-Pérez, Emilio Vargas-Castrillón, Leonor Laredo, Ouhao Zhu-Huang, Teresa Iglesias, Natale Imaz-Ayo, Susana Meijide, Aitor García de Vicuña, Ana Santorcuato, Iraide Exposito, Sara de Benito, Alazne Bustinza, Mikel Gallego, Dolores García-Vázquez, Ana Belén de la Hoz, Gustavo Pérez-Nanclares, Josu Aurrekoetxea, Ines Urrutia, Rosa Martínez-Salazar, Janire Orcajo, Begoña Calvo, June Corcuera, Olaia Velasco, Anibal Aguayo, Xavier Martínez-Gómez, Susana Otero-Romero, Lluis Armadans, Blanca Borras-Bermejo, Oleguer Parés, Sonia Uriona, José Ángel Rodrigo Pendás, Cesar Llorente, José Santos, Laia Pinós, Lina Camacho, Judith Riera, Carla Sans, Antonia Agustí, Carmen Altadill, Carla Aguilar Blancafort, Gisela Gili Serrat, Aitana Plaza, Anna Feliu Prius, Maria Margarita Torrens, Esther Palacio, Gloria Torres, Julia Calonge, Elena Ballarin Alins, Eulàlia Pérez-Esquirol, Lourdes Vendrell Bosch, Marta Aldea, Eugènia Mellado, Ma Ángeles Marcos, Marta Tortajada, Lourdes E. Barón-Mira, Laura Granés, Sulayman Lazaar, Sara Herranz, Montserrat Malet, Sebastiana Quesada, Anna Llupià, Victoria Olivé, Antoni Trilla, Begoña Gómez, Elisenda González, Sheila Romero, Francisco Javier Gámez, Cristina Casals, Laura Burunat, Juan José Castelló, Patricia Fernández, Josep Lluís Bedini, Jordi Vila, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Isabel Jado, Giovanni Fedele, Concepción Perea, Mónica González, Isabel Grajera, María Ángeles Murillo, Pilar Balfagón, Irene Díaz-Marín, and Gema González-Pardo
Subjects: Immunology, Immune response, Science
Abstract: Summary: CombiVacS study has demonstrated a strong immune response of the heterologous ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 vaccine combination. The primary outcomes of the study were to assess the humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2, 28 days after a third dose of a mRNA vaccine, in subjects that received a previous prime-boost scheme with ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2. Secondary outcomes extended the study to 3 and 6 months. The third vaccine dose of mRNA-1273 in naive participants previously vaccinated with ChAdOx1-S/BNT162b2 regimen reached higher neutralizing antibodies titers against the variants of concern Delta and BA.1 lineage of Omicron compared with those receiving a third dose of BNT162b2 at day 28. These differences between BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 arms were observed against the ancestral variant G614 at day 90. Suboptimal neutralizing response was observed against BQ.1.1, XBB.1.5/XBB.1.9, and JN.1 in a relevant proportion of individuals 180 days after the third dose, even after asymptomatic Omicron breakthrough infections. EudraCT (2021-001978-37); ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04860739).
Published: 2024
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48. Damage in a large systemic lupus erythematosus cohort from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Registry (RELESSER) with emphasis on the cardiovascular system: a longitudinal analysis

Author: Carlos Montilla, Paloma Vela, Íñigo Rúa-Figueroa, José M Pego-Reigosa, Karen Roberts, Javier Narváez, Raúl Menor-Almagro, Alejandro Olivé, María Galindo, Antonio Fernández-Nebro, Eva Tomero, Julia Martínez-Barrio, Javier Manero, Gema Bonilla, Elena Aurrecoechea, María Jesús García-Villanueva, Eva Salgado, Mercedes Freire-González, Vicenç Torrente-Segarra, Jaime Calvo Alen, Victor Del Campo Perez, Gregorio Santos Soler, Cristina Bohorquez, Irene Altabás-González, Norman Jimenez, Coral Mouriño, Nuria Lozano-Rivas, Ana Paula Cacheda, Esther Uriarte Itzazelaia, Víctor Martínez Taboada, José Ángel Hernández-Beriain, Oihane Ibarguengoitia-Barrena, Claudia Moriano-Morales, and Concepción Fito Manteca
Subjects: Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: Objective To assess organ damage, with emphasis on the cardiovascular system, over the different stages of the disease in a large SLE cohort.Methods Multicentre, longitudinal study of a cohort of 4219 patients with SLE enrolled in the Spanish Society of Rheumatology Lupus Registry. Organ damage was ascertained using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI). We longitudinally analysed SDI (globally and for each domain) over time only in the 1274 patients whose dates of damage events had been recorded.Results During the first year after diagnosis of SLE, 20% of the 1274 patients presented with new damage manifestations. At years 2 and 3, new damage was recorded in 11% and 9% of patients. The annual percentage of patients with new damage after year 5 decreased to 5%. In the first year with the disease, most damage was accumulated in the musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric and renal systems; in later stages, most damage was in the musculoskeletal, ocular and cardiovascular systems. Considering ‘cerebrovascular accident’ and ‘claudication for 6 months’ as cardiovascular items, the cardiovascular system was the second most affected system during the early stages of SLE, with 19% of the patients who presented with damage affected at first year after diagnosis. During the late stages, 20–25% of the patients presenting with new damage did so in this modified cardiovascular domain of the SDI.Conclusions New damage occurs mainly during the first year following diagnosis of SLE. Cardiovascular damage is relevant in both the early and the late stages of the disease. Strategies to prevent cardiovascular damage should be implemented early after diagnosis of SLE.
Published: 2024
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49. Radar Altimetry External Calibration with Passive Elements: Sentinel-6 MF Long Term Monitoring with the Montsec Corner Reflector Facility.

Author: Ferran Gibert, Adrià Gómez-Olivé, Albert Garcia-Mondéjar, Richard Francis, Sergi Hernández 0001, Adrián Flores De La Cruz, Ester Vendrell, and Mònica Roca i Aparici
Published: 2024
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50. Understanding the Behavior of Older Adults’ Social Media Platform-Swinging in the Philippines

Author: Gallardo, Maureen Olive, Suarez, Merlin Teodosia, Ebardo, Ryan, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, Series Editor, Hutchison, David, Editorial Board Member, Kanade, Takeo, Editorial Board Member, Kittler, Josef, Editorial Board Member, Kleinberg, Jon M., Editorial Board Member, Kobsa, Alfred, Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Editorial Board Member, Mitchell, John C., Editorial Board Member, Naor, Moni, Editorial Board Member, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Editorial Board Member, Sudan, Madhu, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Editorial Board Member, Tygar, Doug, Editorial Board Member, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, Vardi, Moshe Y, Series Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Qin, editor, and Zhou, Jia, editor
Published: 2024
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