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7. Hierarchical Inflammatory Phenotypes of Depression: A Novel Approach Across Five Independent Samples and 27,730 Adults

Author

Moriarity, Daniel P, Slavich, George M, Alloy, Lauren B, and Olino, Thomas M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Mental Health, Depression, Good Health and Well Being, Female, Humans, Male, Biomarkers, C-Reactive Protein, Fatigue, Inflammation, Nutrition Surveys, Phenotype, Middle Aged, Biotyping, Immunopsychiatry, Measurement, Phenotyping, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Psychology
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough characterizing associations between inflammation and depression may prove critical for informing theory, research, and treatment decisions, extant research has been limited by ignoring the possibility that inflammation may be simultaneously associated with depression broadly and with a subset of symptoms. This lack of direct comparison has hampered attempts to understand inflammatory phenotypes of depression and critically fails to consider that inflammation might be uniquely associated with both depression broadly and individual symptoms.MethodsWe used moderated nonlinear factor analysis in 5 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) cohorts (N = 27,730, 51% female, mean age = 46 years).ResultsC-reactive protein (CRP) is simultaneously associated with latent depression, appetite, and fatigue. Specifically, CRP was associated with latent depression in all 5 samples (rs: 0.044-0.089; ps: < .001-.002) and was associated with both appetite (significant rs: 0.031-0.049, significant ps: .001-.007) and fatigue (significant rs: 0.030-0.054, significant ps: < .001-.029) in 4 samples. These results were largely robust to covariates.ConclusionsMethodologically, these models indicate that the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 is scalar noninvariant as a function of CRP (i.e., identical Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores may represent different constructs in those with high vs. low CRP levels). Therefore, mean comparisons of depression total scores and CRP might be misleading without accounting for symptom-specific associations. Conceptually, these findings indicate that studies investigating inflammatory phenotypes of depression should examine how inflammation is simultaneously related both to depression broadly and to specific symptoms, and whether these relations function via different mechanisms. This has the potential to yield new theoretical insights and may lead to the development of novel therapies for reducing inflammation-related symptoms of depression.

Published
2023

16. The Human Affectome

Author

Schiller, Daniela, Yu, Alessandra N.C., Alia-Klein, Nelly, Becker, Susanne, Cromwell, Howard C., Dolcos, Florin, Eslinger, Paul J., Frewen, Paul, Kemp, Andrew H., Pace-Schott, Edward F., Raber, Jacob, Silton, Rebecca L., Stefanova, Elka, Williams, Justin H.G., Abe, Nobuhito, Aghajani, Moji, Albrecht, Franziska, Alexander, Rebecca, Anders, Silke, Aragón, Oriana R., Arias, Juan A., Arzy, Shahar, Aue, Tatjana, Baez, Sandra, Balconi, Michela, Ballarini, Tommaso, Bannister, Scott, Banta, Marlissa C., Barrett, Karen Caplovitz, Belzung, Catherine, Bensafi, Moustafa, Booij, Linda, Bookwala, Jamila, Boulanger-Bertolus, Julie, Boutros, Sydney Weber, Bräscher, Anne-Kathrin, Bruno, Antonio, Busatto, Geraldo, Bylsma, Lauren M., Caldwell-Harris, Catherine, Chan, Raymond C.K., Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chiarella, Julian, Cipresso, Pietro, Critchley, Hugo, Croote, Denise E., Demaree, Heath A., Denson, Thomas F., Depue, Brendan, Derntl, Birgit, Dickson, Joanne M., Dolcos, Sanda, Drach-Zahavy, Anat, Dubljević, Olga, Eerola, Tuomas, Ellingsen, Dan-Mikael, Fairfield, Beth, Ferdenzi, Camille, Friedman, Bruce H., Fu, Cynthia H.Y., Gatt, Justine M., de Gelder, Beatrice, Gendolla, Guido H.E., Gilam, Gadi, Goldblatt, Hadass, Gooding, Anne Elizabeth Kotynski, Gosseries, Olivia, Hamm, Alfons O., Hanson, Jamie L., Hendler, Talma, Herbert, Cornelia, Hofmann, Stefan G., Ibanez, Agustin, Joffily, Mateus, Jovanovic, Tanja, Kahrilas, Ian J., Kangas, Maria, Katsumi, Yuta, Kensinger, Elizabeth, Kirby, Lauren A.J., Koncz, Rebecca, Koster, Ernst H.W., Kozlowska, Kasia, Krach, Sören, Kret, Mariska E., Krippl, Martin, Kusi-Mensah, Kwabena, Ladouceur, Cecile D., Laureys, Steven, Lawrence, Alistair, Li, Chiang-shan R., Liddell, Belinda J., Lidhar, Navdeep K., Lowry, Christopher A., Magee, Kelsey, Marin, Marie-France, Mariotti, Veronica, Martin, Loren J., Marusak, Hilary A., Mayer, Annalina V., Merner, Amanda R., Minnier, Jessica, Moll, Jorge, Morrison, Robert G., Moore, Matthew, Mouly, Anne-Marie, Mueller, Sven C., Mühlberger, Andreas, Murphy, Nora A., Muscatello, Maria Rosaria Anna, Musser, Erica D., Newton, Tamara L., Noll-Hussong, Michael, Norrholm, Seth Davin, Northoff, Georg, Nusslock, Robin, Okon-Singer, Hadas, Olino, Thomas M., Ortner, Catherine, Owolabi, Mayowa, Padulo, Caterina, Palermo, Romina, Palumbo, Rocco, Palumbo, Sara, Papadelis, Christos, Pegna, Alan J., Pellegrini, Silvia, Peltonen, Kirsi, Penninx, Brenda W.J.H., Pietrini, Pietro, Pinna, Graziano, Lobo, Rosario Pintos, Polnaszek, Kelly L., Polyakova, Maryna, Rabinak, Christine, Helene Richter, S., Richter, Thalia, Riva, Giuseppe, Rizzo, Amelia, Robinson, Jennifer L., Rosa, Pedro, Sachdev, Perminder S., Sato, Wataru, Schroeter, Matthias L., Schweizer, Susanne, Shiban, Youssef, Siddharthan, Advaith, Siedlecka, Ewa, Smith, Robert C., Soreq, Hermona, Spangler, Derek P., Stern, Emily R., Styliadis, Charis, Sullivan, Gavin B., Swain, James E., Urben, Sébastien, Van den Stock, Jan, vander Kooij, Michael A., van Overveld, Mark, Van Rheenen, Tamsyn E., VanElzakker, Michael B., Ventura-Bort, Carlos, Verona, Edelyn, Volk, Tyler, Wang, Yi, Weingast, Leah T., Weymar, Mathias, Williams, Claire, Willis, Megan L., Yamashita, Paula, Zahn, Roland, Zupan, Barbra, and Lowe, Leroy

Published
2024
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21. How Robust Is the 'P'-Factor? Using Multitrait-Multimethod Modeling to Inform the Meaning of General Factors of Psychopathology in Youth

Author

Watts, Ashley L., Makol, Bridget A., Palumbo, Isabella M., De Los Reyes, Andres, Olino, Thomas M., Latzman, Robert D., DeYoung, Colin G., Wood, Phillip K., and Sher, Kenneth J.

Abstract

We used multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) modeling to examine general factors of psychopathology in three samples of youth (Ns = 2119, 303, 592) for whom three informants reported on the youth's psychopathology (e.g., child, parent, teacher). Empirical support for the "p"-factor diminished in multi-informant models compared with mono-informant models: the correlation between externalizing and internalizing factors decreased and the general factor in bifactor models essentially reflected externalizing. Widely used MTMM-informed approaches for modeling multi-informant data cannot distinguish between competing interpretations of the patterns of effects we observed, including that the "p"-factor reflects, in part, evaluative consistency bias or that psychopathology manifests differently across contexts (e.g., home vs. school). Ultimately, support for the p-factor may be stronger in mono-informant designs, although it is does not entirely vanish in multi-informant models. Instead, the general factor of psychopathology in any given mono-informant model likely reflects a complex mix of variances, some substantive and some methodological. [This paper was published in "Clinical Psychological Science" v10 n4 p640-661 2022.]

Published
2022
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22. Children's Emotional Reactivity to Emotionally Evocative Stimuli: Associations with Internalizing Symptoms

Author

Gabel, Lindsay N., Daoust, Andrew R., Olino, Thomas M., Grahn, Jessica A., Durbin, C. Emily, and Hayden, Elizabeth P.

Abstract

Individual differences in emotional reactivity emerge early in development and predict important child outcomes. Unfortunately, methods used to assess these often fail to tap dynamic changes in emotion, obscuring nuanced relationships between maladaptive emotional reactivity and early internalizing psychopathology. We therefore explored the utility of an emerging, multimethod approach for examining children's emotional reactivity. Thirty-nine children (22 girls; M[subscript age] = 7.19 years, SD = 0.76) viewed 11 video clips eliciting happiness, sadness, or fear. We used multilevel growth curve modeling to estimate change in children's self-reported and observed emotion across clips of increasing potency. Higher anxious/depressive symptoms predicted steeper trajectories of child-rated happiness and lower happiness and fear toward low-intensity clips. Higher depressive symptoms predicted lower child-rated sadness toward a low-intensity clip. The limited associations between children's symptoms and emotion ratings averaged across clips suggested that modeling child emotion across stimuli of varying intensity yields a valuable index of emotional reactivity.

Published
2022

29. Understanding the Constellation of Adolescent Emotional Clarity and Cognitive Response Styles when Predicting Depression: A Latent Class Analysis

Author

McArthur, Brae Anne, Haas, Liza M, Burke, Taylor A, Johnson, Lisa E, Olino, Thomas M, Abramson, Lyn Y, and Alloy, Lauren B

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric, Mind and Body, Behavioral and Social Science, Depression, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Latent class analysis, Adolescence, Cognitive coping, Emotional clarity, Psychopathology, Cognitive Coping, Emotional Clarity, Latent Class Analysis, Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Clinical sciences, Public health, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Adolescence is a period of human development associated with increased emotional intensity and heightened vulnerability to developing psychopathology. This study used Latent Class Analysis to identify subgroups of youth based on emotional clarity and cognitive response styles. Participants were 436 adolescents (51.8% female; 48.2% African-American/Black, 47.4% Caucasian/White) who completed measures of emotional clarity, cognitive response styles, and depression at baseline (M = 13.02 years, SD = .83), and at a 1-year and 4-year follow-up. Four classes were identified and used to predict depression outcomes. Overall, youth with above average emotional clarity who reported using a variety of adaptive cognitive response styles also had the lowest level of depressive symptoms at baseline. Class membership did not predict depressive symptoms at any follow-up. The results suggest that the unique profiles based on youth reported levels of emotional clarity and use of problem solving, distraction, and rumination, may not be more predictive of depression outcomes, beyond earlier assessments of depression or by examining these facets in isolation.

Published
2018

37. Mapping the duration and severity of preschool‐aged children's depressive moods and behaviors.

Author

Bufferd, Sara J., Isaac, Akira J., Olino, Thomas M., and Dougherty, Lea R.

Subjects
PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology, MENTAL depression risk factors, PSYCHIATRIC diagnosis, RISK assessment, PEDIATRICIANS, PSYCHOLOGISTS, SADNESS, RESEARCH funding, QUESTIONNAIRES, DEPRESSION in children, SEVERITY of illness index, DECISION making, INTERNET, CLASSIFICATION of mental disorders, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PEDIATRICS, EARLY intervention (Education), PSYCHOLOGICAL stress, DIARY (Literary form), AFFECT (Psychology), EARLY diagnosis, PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers, FACTOR analysis, PSYCHOLOGY of parents, COMPARATIVE studies, CONFIDENCE intervals, CHILD behavior, PATHOLOGICAL psychology, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors
Abstract

Background: Depressive moods and behaviors are developmentally normative, yet potentially impairing, in preschool‐aged children. In addition to frequency, duration of behavior is an important parameter to consider when characterizing risk for worsening mood dysregulation. The goal of this study was to identify the duration and severity of depressive moods and behaviors and associations with impairment in a large community sample of preschool‐aged children using an online parent‐report daily diary. Methods: Primary caregivers (N = 900) of 3–5‐year‐old children reported the daily duration of each instance of seven depressive moods and behaviors for 14 days. We used item response theory analyses to examine duration item characteristics. Results: Moods and behaviors occurred at specific durations to be considered psychometrically severe/rare; for example, instances of sadness had to last an average total of 32 min per day or more, irritability at least 38 min, tantrums at least 30 min, and tearfulness/sensitivity at least 35 min. Longer durations of mood and behavior were associated with daily impairment, as well as older child age and less parental education. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to delineate specific duration ranges for depressive moods and behaviors in preschool‐aged children. These data, coupled with information about the frequency of mood‐related behaviors, can assist child practitioners in differentiating normative patterns from less normative mood problems to evaluate which children may be at risk. Future work should identify the duration of depressive moods and behaviors in early childhood that predict clinically significant psychopathology over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. The Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest): Validation in a Sample of Adults with Social Anxiety Disorder

Author

Kaplan, Simona C, Morrison, Amanda S, Goldin, Philippe R, Olino, Thomas M, Heimberg, Richard G, and Gross, James J

Subjects
Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Mind and Body, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Cognitive distortion, Cognitive error, Assessment, Cognitive model, Social anxiety, Social anxiety disorder, assessment, cognitive distortion, cognitive error, cognitive model, social anxiety, social anxiety disorder, Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Clinical sciences, Public health, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Cognitive distortions are thought to be central to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders and are a widely acknowledged treatment target in cognitive-behavioral interventions. However, little research has focused on the measurement of cognitive distortions. The Cognitive Distortions Questionnaire (CD-Quest; de Oliveira, 2015), a brief, 15-item questionnaire, assesses the frequency and intensity of cognitive distortions. The CD-Quest has been shown to have sound psychometric properties in American, Australian, and Brazilian undergraduate samples and one Turkish-speaking outpatient clinical sample. The current study aimed to provide the first evaluation of the psychometric properties of the English version of the CD-Quest in a clinical sample and the first evaluation of any version of the CD-Quest in a sample of adults diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD). In a sample of treatment-seeking adults with SAD, the CD-Quest demonstrated good convergent validity, discriminant validity, known-groups validity, and treatment sensitivity. It also showed good internal consistency, and both confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses supported the previously reported unitary factor structure. Findings extend prior research indicating the reliability and validity of the CD-Quest.

Published
2017

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