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Introducción: se estima que la prevalencia de desnutrición entre los pacientes hospitalizados es de un 30,00 %-50,00 %. Objetivo: analizar la evidencia publicada sobre el aporte necesario de micronutrien- tes y calcio en pacientes críticos adultos. Métodos: entre enero y noviembre del 2023 se realizó una búsqueda en las dis- tintas bases de datos de la literatura cien- tífica sin imponer limitaciones estrictas. Se revisaron mayoritariamente metaanálisis, ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y revisiones sistemáticas. Resultados: la administración de sele- nio se correlacionó con la gravedad de la sepsis, pero no se puede establecer una recomendación. Se sugiere que las dosis de zinc de las soluciones de oligoelemen- tos son deficientes y su aporte se relaciona con una menor mortalidad hospitalaria. El suministro de calcio puede mejorar la supervivencia a 28 días, y su déficit se asoció a una mayor mortalidad; sin embargo, si la hipocalcemia es leve o asintomática, no se recomienda la suplementación. Del mis- mo modo, los resultados obtenidos con respecto a las vitaminas analizadas (C, D, E) indican que no se puede recomendar la suplementación. Conclusiones: el aporte de bajas dosis de oligoelementos y vitaminas es seguro y está justificado. Con respecto a las vita- minas E y D, y al selenio y el zinc, existen estudios contradictorios, no se establecen recomendaciones precisas en pacientes con requerimientos aumentados. La administración de vitamina C a altas dosis no parece presentar ningún efecto clínico significativo en pacientes sépticos. Ninguna guía recomienda suplementar una hipo- calcemia leve.

Araucaria angustifolia characterizes mixed Ombrophilous Forests. This Paraná pine tree has been of great economic, cultural and social importance for southern Brazil. Its cutting is restricted, as it is threatened with extinction and the use of its seed has been encouraged. This study highlights scientific research on this conifer by bibliometric analysis and reviews trends in new research on its seed and some of its food applications. The Web of Science© database revealed 620 scientific articles and the bibliometric analysis through VOSviewer showed the worldwide interest in growing. The increase in research in the areas of silviculture, phytoscience and ecology reflects the concern with the preservation of "Matas das Araucárias". Concurrently, research in food science and technology has increased, as pine nut seed can produce starch-rich food flour with low glycemic response and source of dietary fiber and some minerals. Also, along with its husk, provide bioactive compounds with potential application in the special food, active/smart and reinforced packaging and even pharmacological industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción: el hipotiroidismo es de alta prevalencia a nivel mundial y los oligoelementos o elementos traza tienen un papel importante en la síntesis y metabolismo de hormonas tiroideas. La evidencia científica sobre su relación es abundante y se dificulta su búsqueda, por tanto, el objetivo fue describir la relación de los oligoelementos con la prevención y tratamiento del hipotiroidismo primario y subclínico en las etapas del ciclo vital humano. Metodología: Revisión de revisiones que involucró revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis en PubMed, BVS, Embase, Cochrane, Scielo y SCOPUS hasta 17 junio 2020. La calidad de los artículos se evaluó mediante AMSTARD-2. Resultados: se encontraron 940 artículos y 10 fueron seleccionados. 7 revisiones incluyeron únicamente experimentos y contaron con calidad alta. La suplementación de yodo tiene efectos bilaterales según el grupo de edad y la dosis, aumentando o disminución la TSH, la excreción urinaria y la tiroglobulina. La suplementación con selenio solo demostró efectividad en la reducción de TPOAb y TgAb al emplearse con levotiroxina. Discusión: se identificó la relación de selenio y yodo con los niveles de TSH, Tiroglobulina y TPOAb en gestantes, adultos, niños y adolescentes. No se encontraron revisiones en adultos mayores. La evidencia científica postula la relación del hipotiroidismo con Fe, Zn y Cu, pero no se disponen de revisiones sistemáticas al respecto. Conclusiones: Solo se encontraron revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis relacionados a la suplementación con selenio y yodo y su asociación con las hormonas tiroideas. Sus concentraciones son dependientes del ciclo vital estudiado.

El hierro (Fe) es un micronutriente requerido por las plantas, existiendo pocos estudios relacionados a su disponibilidad en suelos de Paraguay, por lo que resulta importante conocer su disponibilidad y distribución. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en evaluar y clasificar la disponibilidad de Fe en suelos de la región Oriental del Paraguay a nivel de distrito. Para ello fue generada una base de datos con los resultados de análisis de suelo de los laboratorios de la FCA-UNA, CIHB-IPTA y FUCAI-UCA. Se clasificó el contenido de Fe disponible de los suelos de 11.436 resultados, en nivel “alto” (>12 mg kg-1); nivel “medio” (4 – 12 mg kg-1) y nivel “bajo” (

Aim: To evaluate the effect of germination on total phenols, antioxidant capacity, trace elements, and thermal behavior of the seeds of Pigeon peas (Cajanus cajan L.) and Chacha and Recline varieties of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Methodology: The evaluation of the total phenols was done using Folin Ciocalteu's spectrophotometric method; the antioxidant capacity through the DPPH y ABTS°+ radicals; the macro and microelements using the spectrophotometric optical emission coupled inductively with plasma method ICP-OES; and the thermic behavior through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results: The germination process influenced the total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, and macro and microelements in each specie that was studied. For example, for the Recline variety seedlings, the phenol content increased by 57.75% in comparison to the seed. The antioxidant capacity against DPPH and ABTS °+ was greater in the seedlings in the following order: Chaucha variety>Pigeon pea>Recline variety. For the seeds, the macro and micro-element content had the following order: K>Mg>Ca>Na y Fe>Zn>Cu>Cr; for the seedlings, the greatest decrease was in K, Cr and the greatest increase was in Ca and Mn; the Na:K relationship was less than one. Finally, the thermic behavior, in reference to the gelatinization enthalpy (ΔH) was greater for the seed than the seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The adequate balance of nutrients and their relationship with the crop allows sustainable management of the edaphic resource, this allows the availability of nutrients in the soil and is conditioned by the concentration, fixation and losses in the system. Knowledge gap: In the municipality of Zona Bananera, the concentration of nutrients in the soil and their possible relationships with fertility have not been identified, which is of vital importance for their efficient management and for sustaining the productivity of the territory. Purpose: Therefore, the objective was to analyze the pH and the concentration of macroelements and microelements, and their relationship with oxidizable carbon (Cox), total nitrogen (Nt), and organic matter (OM) contents in soils of the municipality of Zona Bananera, in the department of Magdalena, Colombia. Methodology: In 2020, by simple random sampling of 25 points at two depths (0-10 and 10-20 cm), the concentration of nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B and S) and their relationship with Nt, OM and Cox were determined, followed by the prioritization of alternatives for sustainable management using a multi-criteria matrix with a multidisciplinary approach. Results and conclusions: Cultivated soils showed high contents of OM and N, with a significant correlation with the variables measured, confirming that Cox and OM content affect the fluctuation of N and other nutrients, so the monitoring of this element is essential for the sustainability of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A técnica de marcação permite estudar os comportamentos e interações ecológicas dos insetos, como por exemplo padrões de dispersão, movimento, territorialidade, manuseio, consumo de alimentos, associações vetor-parasita, e cadeias ou teias alimentares. Essa revisão descreve as vantagens e desvantagens dos marcadores, destacando três métodos cujo diferencial é a permanência no inseto independente do estágio de vida. Os radioisótopos minimizam a manipulação direta e o trauma nos insetos, podem ser aplicados em grandes populações e são facilmente rastreáveis, porém o seu descarte limita a aplicação em campo. Os isótopos estáveis ocorrem naturalmente no ambiente, não são radioativos e estão relacionados à estudos ecológicos de níveis tróficos e processos metabólicos, dentre os elementos mais são utilizados, os isótopos de carbono refletem principalmente a dieta dos animais; os isótopos de nitrogênio refletem as práticas agrícolas (extensiva x intensiva) e em parte a dieta. Os isótopos de oxigênio e hidrogênio são vinculados à composição isotópica da água que, por sua vez, é dependente de fatores geográficos tais como altitude, clima e latitude. Por sua vez, os oligoelementos também são utilizados como marcadores internos (não radioativos) e podem variar de acordo com a localização geográfica alterando as quantidades encontradas nas plantas e insetos. Portanto, a busca de uma melhor metodologia que permita detectar a correlação dos insetos com o homem e o meio ambiente depende do tipo de estudo a ser realizado.

The effect related to the administration of a supplement with Selenium and / or Zinc, on fertility, prolificacy and meat production in Australian Merino Ewes grazing natural basalt field, in the Northern Region of Uruguay was studied. Four lots of sheep were designated for each trail test: 1.- Injectable selenium (Se), 2.- Zinc (Zn) intraruminal bolus of zinc oxide, 3.- Selenium-Zinc (Se-Zn), and Controlled group (C). Twentyone days pre-coverage was supplemented and, 21 days prepartum, subgroups wereformed, feeding a subgroup with 5mg of sodium selenite per animal. The pre-coverage supplemented groups showed a significant difference in fertility over group C. Lots 1.-and 3.- presented the highest percentage of deliveries compared to lots 2.- and C (p<0.05). The average weight of the lambs at birth and weaning showed no difference between the groups. At weaning, the pre-delivery supplemented, subgroup with Zn treatment presented a higher total meat production (p <0.05). The values of Se and Zn in blood prior to administration of the supplement were low, after which they reached normal values, remaining for 45 days on Se and 70 days on Zn. In conclusion, the administration of Se and / or Zn in Merino Ewes had a positive effect on fertility, the percentage of weaned lambs and meat production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El selenio (Se) es un componente indispensable dentro de los sistemas antioxidantes del organismo animal, lo que permite su correcto mantenimiento y desarrollo. Por este motivo, su deficiencia se encuentra relacionada con una serie de trastornos oxidativos, que se traducen en una mala salud, reproducción y rendimiento productivo en general. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el balance metabólico nutricional de Se, a través de la medición de las concentraciones sanguíneas del mineral en un establecimiento rural ubicado en la zona central de Chile, en donde existen antecedentes de episodios de mortandad compatibles con su deficiencia. Para esto, se tomaron muestras sanguíneas de caprinos pertenecientes al establecimiento (n = 32), las cuales fueron analizadas mediante espectrofotometría de absorción atómica en el laboratorio de bioquímica de la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria del Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, ubicado en Balcarce, Argentina. Se obtuvo un promedio de Se sanguíneo de 34,16 ± 14,81 ppb, en donde el 100 % de los animales analizados presentaron valores inadecuados para la especie. En el caso de los caprinos juveniles (n = 5), se obtuvo un promedio de 18,48 ± 8,51 ppb. En el ganado adulto (n = 27), los valores bordearon concentraciones de 8,12 y 63,35 ppb. Se concluye que existe una deficiencia de Se crítica en los animales muestreados pertenecientes al establecimiento ubicado en la zona central de Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina is the property of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the processing of the large yellow croaker, the further utilization of the by-products (e.g., the liver) generated in the processing process can provide opportunities for value addition and increase profitability, promoting the sustainable use of raw materials. Therefore, we have studied the detailed nutritional composition of the large yellow croaker liver (LYCL), which ultimately helps in the development of nutritional and functional products. The results showed that the LYCL has a lower moisture content (45.71%) than fish meat, 8.25% protein, and 37.97% fats. In addition, LYCL contained the full range of amino acids. Unsaturated fatty acids accounted for 62.63%, of which EPA and DHA account for 9.42%. It was rich in phospholipids, vitamins and trace elements. Heavy metal elements such as Hg, As, Cd were lower than the heavy metal limit standards for fish in China. Aldehydes, ketones and alcohols in the liver have the greatest impact on odor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micronutrients such as Zinc and Copper are molecules present in the human organism in very tiny amounts. The most susceptible persons to have their deficiency are babies, children, teenagers, pregnant women and those women at reproductive age. Deficiency of these elements in children and young people is caused by low consumption of animal’s origin foods or due to a very rich in cereals diet, which contain high level of phitates. Clinical manifestations on adult people mainly had been described in those patients who had intravenous nutrition with very few concentrations of these micronutrients, in patients with very important looses of gastrointestinal fluids or chronic dialyzed people as well as burned or renal dysfunction patients. Main alimentary sources of these micronutrients are shellfish, seafood, red meat and dairy derivatives, fish, peas and lentils. We should keep in mind that cereals inhibit their absorption.

Introducción: En Argentina la enfermedad celíaca tiene una prevalencia de 1% a 2%. El único tratamiento efectivo para esta patología es una dieta permanente libre de gluten. La misma puede conducir a posibles deficiencias de algunos nutrientes. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la bioaccesibilidad de hierro, calcio y zinc, en alimentos libres de gluten elaborados con premezclas comerciales disponibles en el mercado argentino. Material y métodos: Se analizaron 12 alimentos elaborados con 9 premezclas diferentes. Se analizaron productos de repostería (budín y bizcochuelo), panes y pizzas. Se determinó el contenido total de hierro, calcio y zinc por espectrometría de absorción atómica y la dializabilidad (D%) por un método in vitro que simula las condiciones gastrointestinales. El aporte potencial (AP) se calculó en base al contenido total cada mineral y su dializabilidad. Como el AP representa el mineral disponible para la absorción, se comparó con los valores de requerimientos mínimos (R). Resultados: El contenido de hierro en las muestras varió entre 0,4-2,5 mg/100 g; el de calcio entre 22-167 mg/100 g y el de zinc 0,13-1,93 mg/100 g. En el caso de la D% se obtuvieron los siguientes valores: D%Fe: 11,8-20,1%; D%Ca: 15,6-28,9% y D%Zn: 8,1-15,7%. Respecto al porcentaje de cobertura de los requerimientos diarios con una porción de los alimentos estudiados se observó que hay una gran variación dependiendo del alimento y del grupo etario estudiado. Conclusión: el contenido y la cantidad de minerales disponibles de los alimentos libres de gluten analizados son relativamente bajos.

The article discusses the relationship between trace elements and human health. Trace elements are micronutrients that represent a small portion of body weight, such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese, and fluoride. These elements are essential for the body, but an imbalance of them can cause digestive, cardiovascular, hematological, and endocrine disorders. Therefore, it is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the physiological changes that can be triggered by the imbalance of these micronutrients. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the importance of trace elements as biomarkers for diabetes mellitus. Trace elements are micronutrients that represent a small percentage of body weight and are considered important for maintaining a healthy physiological state. Recent studies show that the imbalance of these elements is related to diabetes mellitus, such as zinc and chromium deficiency, which affects the synthesis, storage, and release of insulin. In addition, selenium is essential for the restoration of pancreatic islets damaged by diabetes. Copper is also related to microvascular complications in patients with diabetes. These elements can be used as health biomarkers in individuals with metabolic diseases. [Extracted from the article]

The term "micronutrients" include vitamins and trace elements. Their recommended intakes in enteral formulas has been adhered to RDI/RDA and, in addition, their content is regulated in the European Union. However, deficiencies in micronutrients has been reported in specific patient groups under enteral nutrition (EN) in the last years. Even so, the research in micronutrients in EN is scarce. The aim of this review was to assess the literature to establish possible improvements in micronutrients in EN formulas for adult patients. In general, NE formulas meet the European reference values and, theoretically, they are completely acceptable for long term EN in most patients. However, formulas with different contents may be required in specific clinical situations or diseases. The main micronutrients in which specific needs have been detected was vitamins C, D, and E and the trace elements zinc, copper, selenium, and possibly boron and silicon. The diseases or clinical conditions more predisposed to require especial doses of micronutrients were critically ill patients, burns, neurological patients, elderly frail patients, patients with pressure ulcers, patients with Crohn disease, and patients with gastrectomy or with alimentation jejunostomy. In addition, cooking current formulas should be avoided due to the loss of micronutrient bioavailability in the process. In conclusion, it seems that there is still possibility for the development of more specific formulas with micronutrients more adapted for these groups of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contamination in the water, soil and culture of Allium cepa L. (onion) with metallic trace elements Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn in the Tiabaya countryside, in three study areas (Marshall, Alata and Punke) and a comparative control for water, soil (San José) and onion cultivation "free of contaminants" was evaluated. The metallic trace elements in the water, in time of high flow (avenues) in order of increasing concentration are: Zn

The effect of zinc deficiency in the development and function of the cerebellum has been studied in animal models and human beings. In the central nervous system, it exerts a modulatory function on synaptic transmission of the brain cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum. Zinc dishomeostasia is related with differents neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). It has shown a significant association between zinc levels and CAG expansion, suggesting new evidences on the role of zinc in the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. The performance of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in SCA2 patients demonstrated the efficacy and safety of Zn supplementation. The increase of zinc levels was associated with improvement of cerebellar syndrome, cognitive abnormalities, the decrease of lipid peroxidation and the reduction of saccadic latency, indicating the efficacy of the zinc supplementation for the symptomatic treatment of SCA2. This findings identifies the SCA2 disease as a valuable model for understanding the functions of zinc in the CNS, focus in the cerebellum. Besides, it indicates the need to extend these studies to other forms of Spinocerebellar Ataxias and neurodegenerative diseases which share the same pathophysiological mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hace años se recomendó no añadir conjuntamente vitaminas y oligoelementos a las nutriciones parenterales (NP) y administrarlas inmediatamente después de la adición de los micronutrientes para evitar su degradación. Actualmente se ha visto que con bolsas multicapa, mezclas ternarias y fotoprotección la degradación de vitaminas es mínima. El aporte diario de micronutrientes es necesario al menos en pacientes críticos, malnutridos o con NP a largo plazo. Con el objetivo de conocer las pautas de utilización de los micronutrienes en NP en los hospitales españoles y la forma de preparación de las bolsas de NP, en relación a los factores condicionantes de su estabilidad, se realizó una encuesta telefónica a los farmacéuticos responsables del área de NP de los diferentes hospitales. Los datos obtenidos se compararon con otras encuestas realizadas en 2001 y 2003. Respondieron la encuesta 97 hospitales de los 110 hospitales a los que se llamó (tasa de respuesta 88%), cuyo número de camas estaba comprendido entre 104 y 1728. En comparación con los datos de años anteriores se observa una mayor adecuación a las recomendaciones vigentes, aunque todavía casi un 30% de los hospitales aportan los micronutrientes en días alternos con independencia de la situación clínica del paciente. La mayoría de los hospitales utilizan bolsas multicapa y/o fotoprotección y mezclas ternarias. A la vista de los resultados, en los que se pone en evidencia la disparidad de criterios en la administración de vitaminas y oligoelementos en las soluciones de NP parece necesario elaborar documentos de consenso que se adecuen a la realidad de las distintas prácticas además de favorecer la realización de estudios clínicos minuciosamente diseñados para establecer los requerimientos en situaciones clínicas especiales.Several years ago, it was recommended not to add vitamins or oligoelements to parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions and to administer them immediately after the addition of the micronutrients to avoid their decay. Nowadays, it has been observed that with multilayer bags, ternary mixtures and sunlight protection vitamins degradation is minimal. Daily intake of micronutrients is necessary in the critically ill, malnourished or long-term PN patients. Aiming at knowing the schedules of use of micronutrients in PN in Spanish hospitals and the way PN bags are prepared regarding the factors conditioning their stability, we undertook a telephone survey to the pharmacists in charge of PN at the different hospitals. We compared the data obtained with those from other surveys performed in 2001 and 2003. Pharmacists from 97 hospitals answered the questionnaire (answer rate 88%). The hospital sizes ranged 104-1728 beds. As compared to the data form preceding years, we observed a better adequacy to the current recommendations, although there are still 30% of the hospitals that administer micronutrients on an every other day basis independent of the clinical situation of the patients. In most of the hospitals, multilayer bags are used and/or sunlight protection and ternary mixtures. According to these results showing the different criteria for administering vitamins and oligoelements in PN solutions, it seems necessary to elaborate consensus documents that adapt to the reality of the diverse practices besides promoting the performance of well-designed clinical studies establishing the requirements under special clinical situations.

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Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o proteinograma e os teores de cobre, ferro e zinco no soro sangüíneo de ovelhas com mastite induzida por cepa de campo de Staphylococcus aureus. Foram utilizadas 10 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, primíparas, recém-paridas, com aproximadamente dois anos de idade e bom estado nutricional. Inoculou-se na metade direita da glândula mamária 1,0x10(4) UFC/mL da bactéria, enquanto que a metade esquerda serviu como controle. Os animais foram acompanhados diariamente e a partir do diagnóstico clínico de mastite, procedeu-se colheita do material para realização do proteinograma sérico em gel de poliacrilamida contendo dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE) e para determinação do teor plasmático de fibrinogênio e das concentrações séricas de cobre, ferro e zinco em 16 momentos a saber: antes da inoculação (controle) e 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 84h, 96h, 108h, 120h, 132h, 168h, 180h, 288h e 336h após a inoculação (p.i.). Todas as ovelhas apresentaram quadro clínico de mastite, com perda da funcionalidade da glândula mamária. O proteinograma permitiu a identificação de 23 proteínas, cujos pesos moleculares (PM) variaram de 26.000 a 185.000 dáltons (Da), incluindo proteínas de fase aguda, IgG e IgA. Notou-se aumento significativo nas concentrações de haptoglobina e ceruloplasmina, assim como de IgG e IgA. Não se constatou alteração nos teores de antitripisina e de glicoproteína ácida .Verificou-se diminuição nos teores de ferro e zinco e elevação na concentração de cobre. Constatou-se correlação positiva entre o teor plasmático de fibrinogênio e as concentrações séricas de ceruloplasmina (r=0,74), a haptoglobina (r=0,62) e IgA(r=0,62). Estes resultados mostram a importância das proteínas de fase aguda ceruloplasmina e haptoglobina como indicadores auxiliares da infecção intramamária de ovelhas, assim como ratifica a relevância do fibrinogênio como marcador inflamatório em razão de sua alta correlação com as proteínas especificas. As alterações nas concentrações séricas de Cu, Fe e Zn sugerem a ação de mediadores inflamatórios, estimulados por S. aureus.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Staphylococcus aureus experimentally induced mastitis on proteinogram and serum concentrations of cupper, iron and zinc levels of Santa Ines primiparous ewes . The right mammary gland of ten healthy ewes was inoculated with 1,0x10(4) UFC/mL of S. aureus. Clinical examination and determination of serum concentrations of proteins by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel (SDS-PAGE), cupper, iron and zinc, as well plasma level of fibrinogen were measured before the inoculation (control) and 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, 60h, 72h, 84h, 96h, 108h, 120h, 132h, 168h, 180h, 288h and 336h after bacteria inoculation. All animals experimentally infected presented clinical mastitis and subsequent loss of mammary gland function. The electrophoretogram allowed the identification of 23 proteins with molecular weights (MW) ranged from 26.000 to 185.000 daltons (Da) including acute-phase proteins, IgG and IgA. A significant increase (P

Introdução: a água termal Sendo a VEM PROPOSTA Como Agente anti-inflamatório e hidratante leve. Posto Que HÁ rigido controle de Qualidade e, portanto, n Dificuldade SUA extração do Subsolo, UM TEM complexo de oligoelementos Sido Utilizado Equivalente com Finalidade. Objetivo: Avaliar a Estabilidade EA Influência da água termal de OU SEUS formulações cosmecêuticas em oligoelementos, como assim SO Efeitos Imediatos de Aplicação NA SUA Pele. Métodos: Foram elaborados gel aquoso, creme-gel e emulsão acrescidos de UO Não oligoelementos e submetidos à análise de Estabilidade física. Na Eficácia da análise, 15 aplicaram Voluntarias nsa antebraços como formulações demonstraram Melhor Que estabilidade.A objetiva Avaliação dos Efeitos Imediatos e Após Duas horas, em relação à hidratação e textura da Pele, Foi realizada Através de Técnicas de biofísica e análise de imagem, pingos Após a aplicação.A e Avaliação subjetiva Foi Obtida Por questionário de percepção Desses Efeitos Pelas Voluntarias. Não Foi avaliada uma Possível Ação anti-inflamatória. RESULTADOS: Foram considerados estáveis géis OS E mais selecionados Para os testes de Eficácia; Aumento proporcionaram Também fazem Conteúdo aquoso do estrato córneo, e como melhoraram Águas Apenas um Pelé da textura. Conclusão: OS resultados obtidos Na avaliação subjetiva e objetiva Foram coincidentes e sugeriram uma utilidade do Uso de oligoelementos cosmecêuticos com nd hidratação da Pele Como tratamentos dermatológicos em coadjuvantes.

Introdução: a água termal Sendo Uma VEM PROPOSTA Como Agente anti-inflamatório e hidratanteleve. Posto Que HÁ rigido controle de Qualidade e, portanto, n Dificuldade extração SUAdo Subsolo, UM TEM complexo de oligoelementos Sido Utilizado com Finalidade Equivalente.Objetivo: Avaliar a Estabilidade EA Influência da UO água termal de oligoelementos SEUScosmecêuticas em formulações, ASSIM COMO SO Efeitos Imediatos de Aplicação NA SUA Pele.Métodos: Foram elaborados gel aquoso, creme-gel e emulsão oligoelementos OU acrescidos de Nãoe submetidos à análise de Estabilidade física. Na análise da Eficácia, 15 Voluntariasantebraços aplicaram nsa Como formulações demonstraram Melhor Que estabilidade.AAvaliação objetiva dos Efeitos Imediatos e Após Duas horas, em Relação à hidratação e texturada Pele, Foi realizada Através de Técnicas de biofísica e análise de imagem, Antes e ApósUM aplicação.A Avaliação subjetiva Foi Obtida Por Desses questionário de percepção EfeitosPelas Voluntarias. Não Foi avaliada Uma Possível Ação anti-inflamatória.RESULTADOS: Foram considerados estáveis géis OS E Mais selecionados Para os testes de Eficácia;Aumento proporcionaram Também Conteúdo do estrato córneo Não aquoso, e ComoApenas melhoraram Águas UM Pelé da textura.Conclusão: OS resultados obtidos Na avaliação subjetiva e objetiva Foram coincidentes eUma utilidade sugeriram Fazer Uso de oligoelementos com cosmecêuticos nd hidratação da PeleComo tratamentos dermatológicos em coadjuvantes.

En un debate multidisciplinar, y tras revisar la evidencia disponible así como la experiencia de los expertos, la IV Mesa de Trabajo Baxter-SENPE establece las indicaciones y pautas de manejo de los micronutrientes (vitaminas hidrosolubles y liposolubles y oligoelementos o elementos traza) en la Nutrición Parenteral. Se concluye en la conveniencia del aporte diario de micronutrientes contemplándose diferentes posibilidades en lo que respecta a dosis por exceso y defecto, sistemas de administración, interacciones, monitorización y coste-efectividad.At a multidisciplinary debate, and after reviewing the evidence available as well as experts' opinion, the IV Baxter-SENPE Working Panel established the indications and managemente guidelines for micronutrients (water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, and oligoelements or trace elements) in parenteral nutrition. It was concluded about the convenience of daily intake of micronutrients with diferent options regarding deficiente or excessive dosages, administration systems, interactions, monitoring, and cots-effectiveness.

A la especie de alga marina Gracilaria fortissima Dawson, recolectada en el Parque Nacional Cahuita, Limón, Costa Rica, se le realizaron los siguientes procedimientos: un análisis de oligoelementos que presentó los siguientes resultados: Cu (5 ppm), Zn (5 ppm), Mn (9 ppm), Ca (100 ppm) y Mg (116 ppm). Se efectuó una extracción de agar utilizando dos métodos A y B. Al agar extraído se le realizaron los siguientes análisis con sus respectivos resultados. Con el método A se obtuvo un pH (7.00), % de extracción (45.20), punto de gelificación (33±2 °C), punto de fusión (63±1 °C) y una resistencia del gel de (21±2 g/cm2). Con el método B, un pH (8.10), % de extracción (50.00), punto de gelificación (28.8±2 °C), punto de fusión (49±1 °C) y una resistencia del gel de (7.8±0.9 g/cm2). La pureza del agar extraído se comprobó con el espectro infrarrojo y mediante la preparación de medios de cultivo con la bacteria Erwinia sp y el microhongo Pestalotia sp. Todos los análisis fueron comparados con un agar comercial marca BDH Chemicals.

En este artículo se revisan las causas y consecuencias de los déficits nutricionales en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, con especial énfasis en sus implicaciones fisiopatológicas. Además, se sientan las bases de la intervención nutricional en estos pacientes tanto desde la perspectiva del consejo dietético como del uso de soporte nutricional especializado. Se hace un especial hincapié en la discusión de las evidencias existentes en favor de un papel terapéutico primario de la nutrición artificial y algunos nutrientes específicos en la enfermedad de Crohn.In this paper, the causes and consequences of nutritional deficiencies in inflammatory bowel disease are reviewed. Particular emphasis is made on their pathophysiological implications. In addition, the basis for nutritional intervention in these patients are described (both in terms of dietary counseling and the use of specialized nutritional support). Particular mention is made on the current evidences in favour of a primary therapeutic role of artificial nutrition and some specific nutrients in Crohn's disease.

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el balance metabólico nutricional de Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn y Se, mediante la actividad sanguínea de SOD y GSH-Px y establecer la relación entre la concentración de Cu, Fe, Mn y Zn en el forraje y la actividad de SOD. Se tomaron 10 mL de sangre a 105 novillas seleccionadas en 15 rebaños lecheros de Caldas, Colombia (5º4' N y 75º3' O) y se tomaron muestras de forrajes para analizar Cu, Fe, Mn y Zn. El promedio de la actividad de SOD fue 1.390±1.299 U g-1 Hb, y estaba correlacionada con Cu, Mn y Fe en el forraje. La actividad promedio de GSH-Px fue 389±184 U g-1 Hb y fue observada una mayor frecuencia de valores deficitarios y bajo/marginales de 9%, habiendo sido más afectados los animales de zonas altas (>2.000 msnm). Bajo estas condiciones, estos resultados permiten señalar que la SOD es una enzima que puede emplearse como indicador del balance metabólico nutricional de Cu, Mn y Fe en bovinos a pastoreo, no está clara todavía su relación con Zn. La actividad de GSH-Px indica deficiencias en el balance metabólico nutricional de Se, en bovinos a pastoreo.The objective of this study dealt with the evaluation of the metabolic nutritional status of Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Se in grazing dairy heifers, through the determination of the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in blood. Blood samples (10 mL) were taken from 105 heifers randomly selected in 15 dairy farms in Caldas, Colombia (5º4' N y 75º3' W). Forage samples were also collected to analyze Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. Mean activity of SOD was 1,390±1,299 U g-1 Hb, and it was related to the content of Cu, Mn, and Fe in the forage. Mean blood activity of GSH-Px was 389±184 U g-1 Hb. The highest frequency of values under the reference was about 9%; animals located over 2,000 m over sea level were the most affected. SOD is useful to determine the nutritional metabolic status of Cu, Mn and Fe, but the relationship with Zn is not clear yet, and requires further investigations. The blood activity of GSH-Px in grazing animals, was under the reference values, indicating Se deficiencies.