Search

INTRODUCTION. Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema (BCRL) is the most common complication after radical treatment of breast cancer (BC). Currently, there are no molecular therapeutic targets whose pharmacologic action could prevent edema, making it necessary to study the efficacy of non-pharmacologic techniques. AIM. To study the effectiveness of non-medication technologies in BCRL to develop recommendations for practical application based on the analysis of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIALS AND METHODS. The search was conducted in the Physiotherapy Evidence-Based Database (PEDro, 2002–2024) using the keywords: “lymphedema”, “upper limbs”, “breast cancer”. A total of 203 sources were selected as of March 2024. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Numerous studies have found that the use of early postoperative physical exercise with a gradual expansion of the load in patients at risk of developing BCRL is a safe and effective method of rehabilitation. The effectiveness of early preventive use of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) in 4 RCTs was studied in a Cochrane review. However, the clinical effectiveness of early prophylactic use of MLD to prevent BCRL remains insufficiently proven. In contrast, prophylactic use of compression sleeves has been shown to reduce and delay the onset of arm lymphedema in women at high risk of developing BCRL during the first year after breast cancer surgery. Studies have also confirmed the effectiveness of an early Prospective Surveillance Model using bioimpedance spectroscopy for early detection and immediate treatment of BCRL. It has been proven that in order to reduce the volume of a limb with BCRL, it is necessary to prescribe an intensive phase of complex decongestive therapy (CDT) for at least 3 weeks. Studies have also proven the effectiveness of using a standard or improved intermittent pneumatic compression device in the rehabilitation phases, including at home. CONCLUSION. To reduce the risk of development and progression of BCRL, modern exercise therapy techniques should be used to increase physical activity in order to control body weight, and educational techniques for self-massage and self-application of compression bandages should be actively used. The “golden” standard for conservative treatment of BCRL remains CDT, which is based on MLD. At the same time, the wider use and development of new methods of hardware lymphatic drainage that imitate MLD, which is a highly resourceful and costly method of treatment for BCRL, is justified. To confirm the clinical effectiveness of improved hardware pneumocompression, additional RCTs assessing long-term treatment results are required.

INTRODUCTION. The development of post-COVID syndrome is accompanied by an increase in markers of systemic inflammation, a violation of the detoxification function of the liver, caused by both direct viral damage to hepatocytes and an increased iatrogenic load on the hepatobiliary system due to polypharmacy. AIM. Studying the use of the drug Laennec in the rehabilitation period as a hepatoprotector and immunomodulator in patients with post-COVID syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 40 patients with post-COVID syndrome aged 30 to 60 years, with steatosis and steatohepatitis (increased levels of liver transaminases). The clinical effectiveness of Laennec was assessed based on the dynamics of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, liver metabolism indicators, as well as functional tests and psychological questionnaires. RESULTS. The inclusion of Laennec in the rehabilitation program for patients with post-COVID syndrome leads to a more pronounced improvement in lipid metabolism parameters, correction of liver metabolism parameters, a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory biomarkers, and an improvement in the quality of life of patients than in the control group. DISCUSSION. Significantly significant positive dynamics in the severity of complaints of general weakness and sleep disturbance, as well as indicators of memory impairment and impaired concentration in the main group could indicate the achievement of anabolic, neurotrophic and bioenergetic effects of the Laennec drug. A significantly significant decrease in the level of liver transaminases in the main group indicates the hepatoprotective effect of the drug Laennec, due to the amino acids, vitamins and microelements included in the drug, which support the reactions of phases 1 and 2 of liver detoxification. Normalization of elevated pro-inflammatory markers (ferritin, IL-6, CRP) in patients of the main group may indicate the presence of anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory effects of the Laennec drug. CONCLUSIONS. A course prescription of the drug Laennec for the purpose of correcting pro-inflammatory markers and hepatoprotection can be recommended for use in complex non-drug rehabilitation to increase its clinical effectiveness, as well as improve subjective indicators of the quality of life of patients with post-COVID syndrome.

INTRODUCTION. Over the past decades, in developed countries and in the Russian Federation, there has been an increase in the number of patients with secondary lymphedema who have undergone surgical treatment with dissection of regional lymph nodes and radiation therapy for various forms of gynecological cancer in women and prostate cancer in men, as well as breast cancer. AIM. Search and analysis of the results of previously published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the effectiveness of various non-drug rehabilitation methods in patients with lymphedema of the extremities who underwent radical treatment for cancer of various locations. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A search was conducted and studied publications in international scientific peer-reviewed publications (PEDro Database) on medical rehabilitation for cancer treatment-related lymphedema (LSPR) for the period from 1996 to December 2023 using the keywords “lymphedema”, “rehabilitation”. 145 RCTs focused on medical rehabilitation and conservative treatment of LSPR. DISCUSSION. Lifestyle correction and psychosocial interventions are recommended to improve the quality of life of patients. Studies have found that early activation, various physical exercises with a slow increase in loads under the supervision of a physical therapist are safe and help increase endurance, strength and range of motion in a limb with lymphatic edema. The clinical effectiveness of therapeutic exercises in the pool has been proven, manifested in the reduction of edema in patients with LSPR. The effectiveness of compression products with Velcro technology as an alternative to rigid low-stretch bandages in patients with LSPR has been confirmed. The anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effects of low-intensity laser therapy and magnetic therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with LSLR have been proven. Alternating pneumatic compression (APC) is recommended as an adjuvant treatment in addition to comprehensive decongestant therapy. Preference should be given to the use of technologies of advanced hardware lymphatic drainage methods that imitate manual techniques. CONCLUSION. To improve the physical and socio-psychological functioning of patients with LSPR, an integrated approach is required, including lifestyle changes, psychological correction, compression therapy, modern exercise therapy techniques, and safe physiotherapeutic technologies. Conducted scientific research indicates the high effectiveness of the use of manual and hardware lymphatic drainage techniques, while the use of PPC is more economical and accessible, and does not require the involvement of specialists who know the expensive method of manual lymphatic drainage.

The article analyzes current trends in the use of artificial intelligence, cognitive technologies, Big Data and other innovations in order to predict the stability of the Russian banking system. The current trends in the development of banking innovations in the context of digitalization of the economy are summarized. Among the research methods used, the Random Forest artificial intelligence system, formed in the Google Collab cloud service in Python, should be noted. A neural network model for predicting the dynamics of bank profits based on the use of the Random Forest (RF – random forest) machine learning model is proposed. The results of the study indicate that, with the average value of the profit of banks for the period 2010-2021. 1126.0416 billion rubles, the mean absolute error (Mean Absolute Error) amounted to 129.96666 billion rubles, or 11.5%, which can be regarded as a good result in conditions of market uncertainty. The analysis showed that current trends are global in nature and lead to qualitative changes in the flow of business processes between consumers of banking services and credit institutions. Purpose: is to form a model that predicts the value of the target variable – the profit of the banking system using the Random Forest deep learning model, which is an ensemble of “decision trees”. The scientific novelty is to put forward and prove the hypothesis that with the help of the formed artificial intelligence system “Random Forest”, a profit forecast for commercial banks of the Russian Federation can be obtained. Method or methodology of the work. The work used such research methods as: monographic, analytical, artificial intelligence system – “Random Forest”, as well as comparative analysis. Calculations were performed in XL tables, Google Collab cloud service in Python. Results. The developed AI-system “Random Forest”, designed to predict the profits of banks, is presented. It is of practical importance to use the results of the Random Forest neural network to predict the development of credit institutions, which makes it possible to solve a major national economic problem - ensuring the stability of the banking system of the Russian Federation. A neural network model for predicting the dynamics of bank profits based on the use of the Random Forest (RF) machine learning model is proposed, which is a machine learning algorithm that consists in using an ensemble (set) of decision trees. The scope of the results: the financial sector, the banking sector, forecasting and ensuring the sustainable activity of credit institutions in the Russian Federation.

AIM. A randomized placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Vishnevsky anesthetic blockade and chondroprotective drug pharmacopuncture in dorsopathies. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 90 patients aged 29–65 years with acute lumbosacral dorsopathy were under observation. Clinical condition dynamics, thermography, tetrapolar rheovasography and results of psychological testing by the methods of «Multilateral personality study» and «Self-activity-mood» were assessed. After determining compliance with the inclusion and noninclusion criteria, the patients were divided into 3 randomized groups (each of 30 patients)differing in treatment methods. In the 1st (control) group, the patients received basic standard treatment, and in the other two groups we additionally performed local medication on the lumbar region and lower extremities on reflexotherapy points. Methodically, anesthetic was injected into the lumbar points according to the Vishnevsky method, and a chondroprotective drug (Group 2) or physiological solution (Group 3, placebo) was differentially injected into the distal points. A course of 10 procedures was carried out in the order of three times a week. Statistica for Windows v.7 program was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS. It was found that upon completion of the treatment there were significant differences in the regression of neurological manifestations, thermographic data and rheographic markers of lower extremity blood flow between the two resultant groups and the control group, in which no significant shifts in the analyzed indices were detected. Both variants of local stimulation, characterized by a pronounced reflex effect, were reliably superior to the basic therapy in terms of efficacy. However, despite the comparable rates of algia reduction in the 2nd and 3rd groups, the level of pain sensations by the end of the treatment course was significantly lower in the patients of the 2nd group that received not only anesthetic blockade in the lumbar region, but also chondroprotector pharmacopuncture. In the same group, more significant shifts were obtained according to the results of psychological testing. The noted phenomenon can be explained by the points of medication application: achieving rapid pain relief due to anesthetic blockade and the overall maximum performance provided by chondroprotector pharmacopuncture. The follow-up data obtained testify to the stability of the achieved positive results under the influence of the reflexotherapy techniques to a greater degree in the patients of the 2-nd group. CONCLUSION. The combined method including anesthetic blockade by Vishnevsky’s method and chondroprotective pharmacopuncture in the region of the lower extremities was highly effective in treating patients with lumbar dorsopathy. In this group, there were notably more significant positive shifts compared to the group that received only anesthetic injections on the lumbar region, according to the severity of the pain syndrome, the results of psychological testing and follow-up data.

AIM. To focuses on the relevance of using, along with natural healing factors, traditional and innovative transformed physical factors, which can significantly improve the effectiveness of health resort treatment. INTRODUCTION. Globally recognized achievements of Russian balneology are first of all connected with strictly scientific approaches to development of therapeutic methods and complex programs of physiotherapeutic treatment, implemented for many decades in health resort organizations throughout the country. The richest deposits of natural mineral waters and mud were mastered, studied and adapted for treatment of chronic diseases of inflammatory and degenerative-dystrophic nature, for rehabilitation of patients after vascular accidents, injuries and operations, as well as for rehabilitation of virtually healthy persons with reduced functional reserves. The results obtained on the basis of randomized clinical trials represent the evidence base for inclusion of various methods of physiotherapy in the Clinical Guidelines for various nosologies. The successful development of physiotherapy requires not only a profound scientific approach, consolidation of researchers, manufacturers of physiotherapy equipment and practitioners, but also further improvement of the regulatory framework. Thus, a great achievement of 2022 can be considered the drafting of an Order on providing medical care to the population in the profile of «physiotherapy».

INTRODUCTION. At present, neuropsychiatric disorders are widespread among the population. Their occurrence is associated with the effect of chronic emotional stress. However, most people are not ready to seek help from a psychologist or psychotherapist. The original technique of decreasing the bioelectrical activity of facial muscles, developed and described in this study, can be an affordable and safe way to correct psycho-emotional states and, consequently, improve the aesthetic appearance. AIM. To develop a modern method of correction of psychoemotional derivations, based on the use of neuromuscular relaxation techniques and the development of a facial feedback mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The research methods included psychological, neurophysiological, and clinical-functional components that allowed assessing the psychoemotional status and electrophysiological parameters of the facial muscles. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The results have shown a high efficiency of neuromuscular relaxation methods in the correction of psychoemotional disorders, which was manifested in reducing the level of depressiveness, situational and personal anxiety and increasing the bioelectric activity of the facial muscles, as well as the state of parafunction It have become possible to establish a clear correlation between the presence of severe depression and anxiety and increased electrical activity of the facial muscles, and the data obtained suggested that the use of neuromuscular relaxation techniques is an effective psychocorrective. СONCLUSION. The method of neuromuscular relaxation is a new effective tool for diagnosing psychoemotional derivations and increasing the tonus of facial muscles by creating facial feedback.

INTRODUCTION. The management of patients with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities associated with radical treatment of pelvic cancer (Cancer Related Lymphedema) is extremely problematic due to persistent impairment of the draining function of regional lymph nodes due to intraoperative dissection and subsequent radiation therapy. AIM. To compare the effectiveness of complex medical rehabilitation using the kinesio taping method and innovative non-stretchable compression bandages in patients with secondary lymphedema of the lower extremities associated with radical treatment of pelvic cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS. The study involved 60 patients with stages I-III Cancer Related Lymphedema (according to the classification of Savchenko T.V., Pokrovsky A.V., 2004) who underwent radical treatment for various forms of pelvic cancer (gynecological cancer in women and prostate cancer in men), randomized into 2 groups (30 people each). A comprehensive rehabilitation was carried out in the main group (n=30), including sequential manual lymphatic drainage, skin care, kinesio taping, therapeutic gymnastics in the gym; Adjustable Non-stretchable Compression Bandages (circaid juxtafit, Germany). Meanwhile, a Complex Decongestive Therapy was performed in the comparison group (n=30), which is considered as the gold standard of conservative treatment of lymphedema of the lower extremities, including manual lymphatic drainage, skin care, Multi-layered limb banding using Inelastic compression Bandages. In order to evaluate the anti-edematous effect the dynamics of the circumferences of the lower extremities, waist circumference and hip circumference, the Ankle Range of Motion were examined using goniometry, bio-impedancemetry. Laser Doppler Flowmetry was used to evaluate microcirculatory parameters. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. There was a decrease in swelling and thickening of the skin in the thigh, a decrease the external genitalia edema in patients with Cancer Related Lymphedema in both groups after a course of rehabilitation. There was a regression of swelling of the feet and lower legs in patients of both groups (p

Theoretical foundations of GDP dynamics under conditions of market uncertainty and the formation of a digital economy are studied. Forecasting GDP is important because it allows to ensure balance, sustainability in the development of various sectors of the national economy, and its economic security, which determines the practical significance of the study. Purpose. To put forward and prove the hypothesis that with the help of the neural network model “perceptron” and the semantic model of knowledge representation, it is possible to obtain a forecast of Russia’s GDP for the next year. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that forecasts of the RF GDP were generated using a semantic knowledge representation model and the Perceptron AI system. Method or methodology of the work. The work used such methods as monographic, analytical, artificial intelligence system - perceptron, Mind histogram, as well as comparative analysis. Calculations were performed in tables XL perceptron was formed on the Deductor platform. We used a semantic knowledge representation model developed in the DOT language using the Graphviz 2.38 program. Results. Theoretical foundations of the use of neural networks in economic forecasts have been studied. A semantic model of knowledge representation has been formed regarding forecasting the GDP of the Russian Federation by a neural network. The developed AI-system “perceptron” is presented, designed to forecast Russia’s GDP based on input parameters representing a set of data reflecting the development of the real sector of the economy and the financial sector of Russia for 2011–2021. The scope of the results: economics, the financial sector, forecasting and planning of economic and financial activities.

Currently, an infectious corneal ulcer, a defect in the corneal epithelium, remains one of the main causes of monocular blindness,which necessitates the development of new effective methods of treatment. Aim. To develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the technique for the complex application of preformed physical factors of local andsegmental action in patients with corneal ulcers. Material and methods. The study involved 85 patients with corneal ulcers aged 18 to 60 years divided into three groups. Patients ofthe control group (29 people) received the standard drug therapy, the comparison group (29 people) underwent a course of magnetophoresiswith solcoseryl on closed eyelids against the background of standard drug therapy, patients of the main group (27 people)received standard drug therapy, magnetophoresis and low-frequency electrostatic fields on the collar area. All patients were evaluatedfor visual acuity, the size of the ulcer and the area of stromal infiltration. The subjective severity of pain syndrome (VAS scale),psychoemotional state (SAN test) were assessed. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS Statistics v.25. Results. Immediately after treatment, the use of preformed physical factors made it possible to shorten the period of the ulcer epithelializationand suppression of the inflammatory reaction in the cornea, which significantly improved the clinical and functionalparameters of the eye, as well as considerably reduced the severity of pain syndrome in comparison with standard drug treatment. Conclusion. In the long-term period, the use of preformed physical factors contributed to a significant decrease in the size of thecorneal infiltration area (residual opacities) and an improvement in the quality of life of patients according to the General MentalWellbeing scale, which exceeded the effectiveness of standard drug therapy, while the combined use of a low-frequency electrostaticfield and magnetophoresis allowed to noticeably improve the indicators of visual acuity in comparison with standard drug therapyand isolated use of magnetophoresis.

The article focuses on the issues of development of the students’ Olympiad movement in Russia, in particular, the development of student research competitions in higher school. Concurrently the expansion of Olympiad movement, a list of issues occurring now in national higher education expands too. One of the main problems is the decay of ties of the Olympiad movement with the scientific community, predominance of “Olympiad management” with the corresponding subculture. The authors invite all interested parties to join the discussion about them the topical problems of students’ Olympiad movement.

Starting in 2015, a competition on creating a network of regional basic universities in Russia, attracted wide attention of the scientific, academic, public and professional communities. The aim of this competition is to create an efficient and competitive network of universities, which must become a driver of socio-economic development of the regions in the next 3- 5 years. At the same time, within the framework of the integration of internal transformations, that take place in the process of regional universities merger into basic universities, there are many difficulties and problems. One of the most urgent and priority issue is the organization of «new type » effective university control system, since the further «advanced» activities of the basic university will be based on it. The article, grounding on the analysis of external market conditions for the functioning of the university and internal factors, presents the rationale for the modernization of the regional basic university management system.