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In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different sowing times and different varieties of German chamomilla (Matricaria recutita L.) on agronomic and technological characteristics. The study was conducted in experimental fields of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture in Adnan Menderes University. Two different tetraploid Matricaria recutita L. (Bodegold and Zloty Lan) cultivars were used for this study. Zloty Lan was provided by Germany and Bodegold was provided from Atatürk Central Horticultural Research Institute. The trial was conducted according to a split plot experimental design with 4 block. Factors consist of 5 sowing times as main plots (1 October, 15 October, 1 November, 15 November, 1 December) and 2 genotypes as subplots (Bodegold and Zloty Lan). The effect of sowing times and genotypes was found statistically significant on fresh flower yield. The highest flower yield was found 61.61 kg da-1 . The average values for plant height ranged from 45.43 to 55.20 cm, flower diameter ranged from 25.24 to 27.53 mm, biomass ranged from 130 to 332.3 kg da-1, fresh flower yield ranged from 19.74 to 61.61 kg da-1 , drug herb ranged from 35.5 to 73.5 kg da-1 , drug flower ranged from 7.4 to 13.3 kg da-1 , essential oil content ranged from 0.025% to 0.083% and essential oil yield ranged from 0.020 to 0.090 l da-1. The primary constituents of essential oil have been discovered as bisabolol oxide a and bisabolene oxide.

Objective: This study examined the clinical consequences of pregnancy coexisting with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in the intensive care unit (ICU). Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective observational study. After the ethical approval of the local ethics committee, the study was conducted for a period when the number of young coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases increased in our country. The patients enrolled in the study were pregnant/puerperal patients followed up in our third-level ICU. Results: The mean age of 35 pregnant women included in the study was 29.57±4.36 years. Twenty-one of the births (80.8%) were preterm births. Twelve (34.3%) patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and 5 (41.7%) of these patients were deceased. Twenty-six (74.3%) underwent a cesarean section (C/S). There were 5 (14.3%) patients who needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 3 (8.5%) patients who needed continuous renal replacement therapy. The 28-day neonatal mortality rate for 26 births was 3.8%. The maternal mortality rate in the ICU was 14.3%. Conclusion: The preterm birth rate was high in our pregnant patients followed up in the ICU with a diagnosis of COVID-19. Because of clinical and radiological progression in pregnant women, it is difficult to indicate any gestational week in which maternal outcomes are better to undergo C/S. IMV mortality is not higher than in non-pregnant patients, so endotracheal intubation should not be avoided in appropriate patients, whether pregnancy continues or not. The absence of fully vaccinated patients in the study group revealed the protective effect of vaccination during pregnancy.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic factors affecting survival in adult patients with high-grade glial tumors. The retrospective study included 79 consecutive patients who were referred to our clinic for adjuvant radiotherapy/radiochemotherapy between 2010 and 2017. The effect of proposed prognostic factors on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses. Median age was 56.63 (range, 24-84) years and the median Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) at diagnosis was 89% (range, 50-100%). Most the cases (n=69; 87.1%)were histologically diagnosed as World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV. At a median follow-up of 12 months, OS and DFS were 12 and 8 months, respectively. Although age, KPS, IDH1, p53 and Ki-67 status were found to be statistically significant among the prognostic factors affecting OS in univariate analyses, only KPS, p53 and Ki-67 were statistically significant in multivariate analysis.In contrast, age, KPS, IDH1, and Ki-67 were found to be significant factors for DFS in univariate analysis, while only KPS and Ki-67 were found to be significant factors for DFS in multivariate analysis. KPS was the most important prognostic factor for OS and DFS. In the evaluation of postoperative histopathological findings, p53 and Ki-67 were found to be prognostic for OS while only Ki-67 was prognostic for DFS. However, IDH1, which is known as an important prognostic factor, did not have a significant prognostic value, which could be due to the limited number of cases in our study. [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1331-6]

The Zeytinburnu Mosaics outside the City Walls were revealed between 2017 and 2020 on a lot belonging to the Kazlıçeşme Art Center which has been serving since 2019 in the Kazlıçeşme District of Zeytinburnu Region of Istanbul. The oldest documented data belonging to the Art Center goes back to the year 1828. At that time, the building was used as a military hospital of the Ottoman Era while later on during the Republic Era, it served as a dormitory, and military office and in 1956 was converted into a public bazaar hall. The building was transferred to Zeytinburnu Municipality property in 1984. During the restoration works of the ‘Mayor Building’ in 2015, Zeytinburnu Mosaics were discovered in the foundation blocks of the main part of the municipality building and around the area used as a carpark. The revealed findings are important for enabling additional data on historical-archeological features of Istanbul outside the City Walls.

This study experimentally investigates the usability of asphalt concrete pavement containing five different ratios of graphite powder (0%, 1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75% and 5% by weight of the aggregate blend or 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the filler content) as a filler to be potentially used as part of wireless electric roads (ER). As part of the study, first, optimum asphalt binder content for the asphalt mixes without graphite powder was determined as 5%. Then, using the determined optimum asphalt binder content, asphalt mixes containing five different ratios of graphite powder as a filler were prepared and their mechanical and volumetric properties based on Marshall mix design methodology were evaluated. As graphite powder ratios in the asphalt mixes increased, their Marshall stability, flow, voids filled with asphalt and unit weight test results mostly decreased but their air content and voids in mineral aggregate test results increased. Possible reasons for this could be: (1) lower bulk specific gravity of graphite powder, (2) higher asphalt absorbance, (3) having greater surface area compared to that of limestone filler, and (4) weak bonds between sheet-like graphite layers. Furthermore, another batch of asphalt mixes containing five different ratios of graphite powder were prepared and tested in the frequency range of 3–18 GHz for their electromagnetic permittivity properties. It was observed in this study that, except for the specimens with 100% graphite powder ratios, transmission magnitudes of all specimens were above 50% up to 8 GHz, indicating that they had comparably high transmission magnitudes so as comparably low tangent loss values. In the frequency range of 3–13 GHz, transmission magnitudes of the specimens with 25% and 50% graphite powder ratios were consistently higher than that having no graphite powder, the ones with 25% powder ratios had the highest transmission magnitudes in most of the cases in this frequency range. Considering the mechanical, volumetric and electromagnetic property test results of the asphalt mixes with five different ratios of graphite powder, it can be concluded that the use of 25% graphite powder ratio (corresponding to 1.25% of the aggregate blend used in the mixes), has a comparably lower negative effect on mechanical and volumetric properties of asphalt mixes and has a positive effect on electromagnetic permittivity properties of asphalt mixes. Asphalt mixes produced with this graphite powder ratio can be considered to be used as part of wireless ER.

The ultra-wideband polarization converters have been of interest to researcher due to their demand in satellite communication and navigation systems. This paper presents an ultra-wideband reflective cross-polarization converter comprising a stair-shaped metasurface. By observation, the alleged structure allows the conversion of linearly polarized waves to orthogonal components, having a polarization conversion ratio of greater than 90% spread across the large frequency range of 12.94 to 16.54 GHz and 17.54 to 26 GHz. A highly efficient, ultra-high frequency polarization conversion is achieved by the utilization of strong electromagnetic resonance coupling between the upper and lower layers of the metasurface. Further, it is depicted that the polarization converter has a wide obliquity of incidence wave. Moreover, the simulation and measured results show a good match. The linear polarization converter is simple in design but is of high performance, and therefore, might be useful in satellite communication, imaging systems, and navigation systems.

Aim:Few studies have followed the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on patient outcomes throughout the disease course in lung cancer. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between blood transfusion frequency and disease prognosis in lung cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, to review the complications experienced and our clinical practices.Methods:This study was conducted as an observational study between 01.07.2021 and 31.12.2021. Patients diagnosed with smallcell lung cancer were included in the study. Patient data were collected retrospectively. During the follow-up period, patients who received and did not receive blood transfusions were compared in terms of various clinical conditions.Results:A total of 405 patients were included. Blood transfusion was performed in 96 (23.7%) patients. While the rate of infection development was 68.8% in the transfused group, this rate was statistically significantly lower at 35.3% in the non-transfused group (p

Metal pollution onto white dwarfs is a widespread phenomenon that remains puzzling. Some of these white dwarfs also harbor gaseous debris disks. Emission lines from these disks open a unique window to the physical properties of the polluting material, lending insights into their origin. We model the emission line kinematics for the gas disk around SDSS J1228+1040, a system that has been monitored for over two decades. We show that the disk mass is strongly peaked at 1 R _⊙ (modulo the unknown inclination), and the disk eccentricity decreases from a value of 0.44 at the inner edge, to nearly zero at the outer edge. This eccentricity profile is exactly what one expects if the disk is in a global eccentric mode, precessing rigidly under general relativity and gas pressure. The precession period is about two decades. We infer that the mass of the gas disk is roughly equivalent to that of a 50 km rocky body, while the mass of the accompanying dust disk is likely insignificant. The disk eccentricity confirms an origin in tidal disruption, while the short disk diffusion time suggests that the disruption event happened a few centuries ago. Moreover, we argue that the initial orbit for the disrupted body, and that of its putative planetary perturber, fall within an astronomical unit around the white dwarf. The total mass of the source population is likely orders of magnitude more massive than our own Asteroid belt and does not seem to exist around main-sequence stars.

We show the virtual simulation of the fluoroscopic location of the membranous septum using preprocedural cardiac computed tomographic data sets. Recognizing the risk distance before the procedure can help individualize implantation strategy to reduce the risk of atrioventricular conduction axis damage during transcatheter aortic valve replacement. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)

Objective:Pneumothorax (PNX) and subcutaneous emphysema (SCE) have increased in importance as a frequently occurring complication. This study aimed to reveal the frequency, timing, and possible risk factors in patients with PNX and SCE who are followed up with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis in our tertiary intensive care unit (ICU).Materials and Methods:All patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were followed up and treated in our unit between August 8, 2020, and February 20, 2021, in a 16-bed tertiary ICU and who developed PNX and SCE during their hospitalization were included.Results:PNX and SCE developed in 16 (9.6%) of 165 patients who were followed up in our ICU due to COVID-19. Of these 16 patients, 3 (18.8%) survived. The median age of patients was 66.5 years (interquartile range: 58.5-75.5). Diabetes mellitus was the most common comorbidity in patients with PNX and SCE. Additionally, 12 (75%) patients had a smoking history. Of 15 (93.8%) patients who developed PNX, 4 (25%) were bilateral, and SCE developed in 9 (56.3%) patients. Twelve (75%) patients with PNX and SCE were under invasive mechanical ventilation, 3 (18.8%) under spontaneous breathing, and 1 (6.2%) under non-invasive mechanical ventilation treatment. The number of oxygen support days until the time PNX and SCE developed was 9 (6.25-17) days in the whole group, the median time was 6 days in the survival group and 9 days in the non-survival group.Conclusion:In the COVID-19 pandemic, complications, such as PNX and SCE, are more frequently observed (9.5%) than in the general intensive care population and the later period of intensive care admission (median 9 days). Smoking is defined as a risk factor in most of these patients; however, increased PNX rates are thought to be related to both COVID-19 pneumonia and parenchymal damage due to cytokine storms.

This study aimed to determine the experiences of gifted children with autism spectrum disorder, their parents, and teachers with the COVID-19 pandemic and holistically reveal the reflections of the restrictions in this process and the transition to distance education on the lives and especially the education of gifted children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study was designed with a phenomenological research design, one of the qualitative research methods. The study participants were gifted children with ASD, aged between 6-14 and continuing their education through inclusion, their parents and teachers. The research data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed in detail by interpretive phenomenological analysis. As a result of the data analysis, two themes, "The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life" and "Distance education and its impacts in the COVID-19 process", and 12 categories were reached. Recommendations were presented in line with the study findings and the literature.

In this study, a novel broadband metamaterial (MTM) absorber is proposed, which is based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) resonators coated onto a flexible polyamide substrate. The VO2 resonator is in the form of a quatrefoil and circle-loaded complementary square split ring resonator (CSSRR), which is fine tuned to operate in the terahertz range. The MTM design and simulation were carried out using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software, by which different layouts were investigated to achieve the optimum structure. The results showed the presence of two pronounced peaks for the proposed MTM structure at 0.88 and 1.42 THz. The absorption peaks were found to be insensitive to the wave polarization and incident angle from 0° to 90°. The absorption mechanism of the MTM was investigated considering the insulating and metallic states of VO2. The results were in a good agreement with those calculated using high frequency simulated structure (HFSS) software. The flexible nature of the proposed MTM design makes it a viable candidate for non-planar and conformal geometry applications in stealth technology, and terahertz imaging.

The detection of chemical samples having close dielectric response is a big challenge as the detection principle is driven by the variations in the dielectric parameters of the investigated samples. In the current work, a new metamaterial-based sensor is designed and fabricated in order to be used for the detection of liquid chemicals in the frequency range from 8 to 12 GHz. Several designs were tested using genetic algorithm, which is embedded in the CST microwave studio, in order to optimize the desired dimensions of the resonator. The simulation and experimental results showed that the proposed sensor is working well to detect various liquids, including (i) clean and waste transformer oils, (ii) corn, cotton and olive oils, (iii) branded and unbranded diesels and (iv) aniline doped ethyl-alcohol and benzene doped carbon tetrachloride. This was made possible through the occurrence of a shift in the resonant frequency of about 250 MHz, 200 MHz, 250 MHz, 150 MHz and 50 MHz for the aforementioned samples, respectively. The sensing mechanism was interpreted through the surface current and electric field distributions. We believe that the proposed sensor is viable to be used in various applications including liquid chemicals detection and industrial applications.

Microstrip patch antennas have been used in many applications since their appearance. Despite their great promise, their narrow bandwidth and the loss at high-frequency bands have limited their usage in medical applications. This work proposes a developed low-cost microstrip patch antenna suitable for microwave imaging (MWI) applications within the wideband frequency range. The proposed antenna is loaded with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) to improve the antenna performance. The simulated results obtained using computer simulation technology (CST) indicate that the presence of the AMC has improved the frequency selectivity of the antenna at 8.6 GHz with a peak realized gain of 9.90443 dBi and 10.61 dBi for simulated and measured results, respectively. The proposed microstrip antenna has been fabricated to validate the simulated results, and its performance is tested experimentally. Additionally, the fidelity factor of face-to-face (FtF) and side-by-side (SbS) scenarios have been presented. The breast phantom models with a tumor and the antenna operating as a transceiver have been numerically simulated for the application of cancer tumor cell detection. The work will have a significant impact on the design of electromagnetic biosensors.

Parameters of Marshall–Olkin Extended Burr XII (MOEBXII) distribution are usually estimated using maximum likelihood (ML) and least squares (LS) estimation methods. However, these estimators are not robust to the outliers which are often encountered in practice. The purpose of this paper is to obtain robust estimators for the parameters of MOEBXII distribution using optimal B-robust estimation method. A simulation study is provided to show the performance of the proposed estimators over ML, LS and robust M estimators. Further, a real data example from a pharmacokinetics study is also given to illustrate the modeling capacity of the MOEBXII distribution when the parameters are properly estimated.

We conducted a descriptive analysis and meta-analysis of single-case research design (SCRD) studies investigating the effectiveness of the graduated guidance procedure. Once we identified studies through electronic databases and reference lists, we used What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) Standards to evaluate each study. Then, we described studies in terms of various descriptive variables, calculated effect sizes through three non-parametric effect size methods, and analyzed results across studies. Results showed 11 of the 27 studies met WWC Standards or met standards with reservation. Of the 11, seven studies resulted in a large effect. We found the graduated guidance procedure to be an evidence-based practice when evaluating the findings against contemporary evidence standards. However, this review also showed that the majority of the reviewed studies (n = 20) had no effects and only one third of the studies had moderate or strong effects. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.

In this research work, a symmetrical four-capacitance loaded complementary circular split ring resonator is proposed, which uses an ultra-thin Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) substrate to realize a low-profile triple-band metamaterial (MTM) perfect absorber for application in the terahertz (THz) frequency range. The electromagnetic properties of the proposed structure were calculated and investigated using the Finite Integration Technique (FIT). The proposed structure exhibited three highly absorptive (nearly perfect) peaks at the resonance frequencies of 15.68 THz, 37.48 THz, and 39.55 THz. Furthermore, the absorber was found to be insensitive to the polarization and incident wave angles, due to its symmetrical design. The effects of the conductor type, substrate thickness, unit cell dimension, resonator gap, and substrate type on the reflection and absorption spectra were investigated. To validate the numerical results, the proposed design was analyzed using High-Frequency Simulation Software (HFSS) and Advanced Design System (ADS). The surface current, electric field, and magnetic field distributions at the three-resonance frequency were analyzed. It was concluded that the overall performance of the proposed MTM structure was superior compared to those reported in the literature. The proposed design could be a good candidate for application in stealth technology, imaging, and thermal energy harvesting.

This paper proposes finite mixtures of multivariate skew Laplace distributions in order to model both skewness and heavy-tailedness in heterogeneous data sets. Maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of interest are obtained using the EM algorithm. The paper offers a small simulation study and a real data example to illustrate the performance of the proposed mixture model.

We present an emerging model of shared academic, intellectual and infrastructure resources that addresses the need for institutions to sustain their educational and scholarship missions under ever-declining funding. The (IBA) was created in 2014 by Illinois State University for this purpose, eventually growing to a state-recognized ‘Center for Collaborative Studies’ in 2017. As the impact of the IBA continues to expand, it is on its way to become a new education paradigm in response to diminishing resources, and it can serve as a model to foster collaboration for other fields of mathematics.

Intelligent traffic systems attempt to solve the problem of traffic congestion, which is one of the most important environmental and economic issues of urban life. In this study, we approach this problem via prediction of traffic status using past average traveler speed (ATS). Five different algorithms are proposed for predicting the traffic status. They are applied to real data provided by the Traffic Control Center of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. Algorithm 1 predicts future ATS on a highway section based on the past speed information obtained from the same road section. The other proposed algorithms, Algorithms 2 through 5, predict the traffic status as fluent, moderately congested, or congested, again using past traffic state information for the same road segment. Here, traffic states are assigned according to predetermined intervals of ATS values. In the proposed algorithms, ATS values belonging to past five consecutive 10-minute time intervals are used as input data. Performances of the proposed algorithms are evaluated in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), sample accuracy, balanced accuracy, and processing time. Although the proposed algorithms are relatively simple and require only past speed values, they provide fairly reliable results with noticeably low prediction errors.

Objective: In this study; it is aimed to compare interleukin-17 (IL-17) levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosis (OP) patients compared to healthy controls, and to determine the relationship between IL-17 and disease activity, functional status and presence of OP in RA. Materials and Methods: Eighty five patients were classified in four groups. Group 1: RA + OP (n=21), group 2: RA (n=22), group 3: 20 healthy volunteers, and group 4: OP (n=22). Demographical data, bone densitometry values, serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and IL-17 levels were recorded. The disease duration, medications, pain levels of the patients and the disease activities were noted, and the disease activities of patients were evaluated by the health assessment questionnaire. Results: No difference was detected between IL-17 levels of patients with and without RA (p>0.05). Likewise, we could not establish a relationship between disease activity and IL-17 levels. However, IL-17 levels of RA patients with OP were significantly higher when compared with patients without OP. Rheumatoid factor and IL-17 levels were higher for RA patients with OP. While a significant, negative correlation was established between IL-17 and lumbar T-score with femoral bone mineral density, no correlation was detected between other variables in RA patients. Conclusion: IL-17 levels are elevated in RA and OP. While there is no relationship between IL-17 and disease activity and functional status in RA; IL-17 levels are high in RA patients with OP.

In this study, a novel octagonal shaped metamaterial based broadband absorber is proposed for energy harvesting at WIMAX wireless communication band. The proposal has an absorption of 99.97 % at 5.5 GHz with a bandwidth of 1 GHz between 5 GHz and 6 GHz in Transverse Electric (TE) mode. Transverse Electric (TE), Transverse Magnetic (TM) and Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) modes are studied numerically in this paper. In TM and TEM modes, proposed structure has absorption of nearly 96 % and 98 % respectively at 6 GHz. The proposed structure is polarization angle independent which is important for energy harvesting applications. Energy harvesting application is realized by using resistive loads on the design, simulations are parametrically studied on resistive loads and experimental study is realized for reflection coefficient measurement and compared with simulated results. Both experimental and simulated results are complying with each other. The proposed structure has different usage areas in stealth areas, detection and imaging. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.24.3.18625

BackgroundThe optimal timing of noncardiac surgery (NCS) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for aortic stenosis has not been elucidated by current national guidelines.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the time interval between TAVR and NCS (Δt) on the perioperative risk of major adverse events (MAEs).MethodsAll adult admissions for isolated TAVR for aortic stenosis were identified in the 2016 to 2020 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients who received NCS on subsequent admission were included for analysis and grouped by Δt as follows: ≤30, 31 to 60, 61 to 90, and >90 days. Multivariable regression models were constructed to examine the association of Δt with ensuing outcomes.ResultsOf 3,098 patients (median age = 79 years, 41.6% female), 19.1% underwent NCS at ≤30 days, 22.9% at 31 to 60 days, 16.7% at 61 to 90 days, and 41.3% at >90 days. After adjustment, the odds of MAEs were similar for operations performed at ≤30 days (adjusted OR [AOR]: 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.50), 31 to 60 days (AOR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.71-1.31), and 61 to 90 days (AOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.67-1.34), with those at >90 days as reference. When examining the average marginal effect of the interval to surgery, risk-adjusted MAE rates were statistically similar across Δt groups for elective status and NCS risk category combinations.ConclusionsNCS within 30, 31 to 60, or 61 to 90 days after TAVR was not associated with increased odds of MAEs compared with operations after 90 days irrespective of NCS risk category or elective status. Our findings suggest that the interval between NCS and TAVR may not be an accurate predictor of MAE risk in this population.

The abundance of type and quantity of available data in the healthcare field has led many to utilize machine learning approaches to keep up with this influx of data. Data pertaining to COVID-19 is an area of recent interest. The widespread influence of the virus across the United States creates an obvious need to identify groups of individuals that are at an increased risk of mortality from the virus. We propose a so-called clustered random forest approach to predict COVID-19 patient mortality. We use this approach to examine the hidden heterogeneity of patient frailty by examining demographic information for COVID-19 patients. We find that our clustered random forest approach attains predictive performance comparable to other published methods. We also find that follow-up analysis with neural network modeling and k-means clustering provide insight into the type and magnitude of mortality risks associated with COVID-19.

Sahlep orchids are used as medicinal plants in Turkey to cure diarrheal, ulcers and respiratory ailments. Also, the main ingredient of traditional Turkish ice cream and sahlep drinks is obtained from the tubers of wild orchids. It is reported that sahlep is obtained from 38 different orchid plants belong to 10 different genera in Turkey. Sahlep is not have standard chemical composition due to obtaining from different species of Orchidaceae in different regions. Also, the sahlep chemical composition shows a fairly large change depending on the period that collected. In order to protect the Orchidaceae species in Turkey, "Sahlep" export has prohibited since 1974. Although there was a ban on exports, still millions of tubers are removed from nature every year and exported to many countries, especially European countries. Continuously collected tubers do not have any chance the produce new seeds and even if it produces seeds, these seeds have some difficulties to germinate. Due to there is intense collection of some species of sahlep orchids from nature, necessary measures must be taken to prevent it without delay. The aim of this study investigates the effect of different harvest times on some quality characteristics of Serapias vomerace (Burm. fill.) Brig. species which one of the most collected species in the Aegean region. In this study, starch ratio (%), mucilage ratio (%), protein ratio (%), moisture ratio (%), dry matter ratio (%) and ash ratio (%) was investigated. According to the harvest time, mucilage ratio was found between 16-23%.

Turkey has rich biodiversity due to located at the intersection of Europe-Siberia, Mediterranean and Iran-Turan flora regions. Orchidaceae family has a distinct place within this rich biodiversity. It has been reported total 204 orchid species those belongs to the 24 genera are grown in Turkey. The exports of the salep orchids were banned in 1974 by the Ministry of Agriculture due to high destruction of natural distribution areas of the plant. Despite the fact that nowadays the salep plants are protected by laws, the tubers of salep orchids still have been collected by people. Washing, boiling in water or milk, washing in cold water and drying stages are used to prevent growing activity of salep tubers. After this, tubers of salep are grind and prepared to use as salep powder. All of salep production is provided by collection of salep tubers from nature. For one kilogram of salep, 1000-4000 tubers is used. And it was assumed that our country produces 45 tons of tubers per year.This study was carried out to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilization on some quality characteristics of Orchis sancta L. grown in field conditions, in order to take part in agricultural cultivation of salep orchids. In the study, the effect of four fertilizer doses (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg/da) was investigated on starch ratio (%), mucilage ratio (%), protein ratio (%) and ash ratio (%). Mucilage ratio (salep mannia) was varied between 14% and 26% according to nitrogen fertilizer doses.

In many ecological applications, the absences of species are inevitable due to either detection faults in samples or uninhabitable conditions for their existence, resulting in high number of zero counts or abundance. Usual practice for modelling such data is regression modelling of log(abundance+1) and it is well know that resulting model is inadequate for prediction purposes. New discrete models accounting for zero abundances, namely zero-inflated regression (ZIP and ZINB), Hurdle-Poisson (HP) and Hurdle-Negative Binomial (HNB) amongst others are widely preferred to the classical regression models. Due to the fact that mussels are one of the economically most important aquatic products of Turkey, the purpose of this study is therefore to examine the performances of these four models in determination of the significant biotic and abiotic factors on the occurrences of Nematopsis legeri parasite harming the existence of Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis L.). The data collected from the three coastal regions of Sinop city in Turkey showed more than 50% of parasite counts on the average are zero-valued and model comparisons were based on information criterion. The results showed that the probability of the occurrence of this parasite is here best formulated by ZINB or HNB models and influential factors of models were found to be correspondent with ecological differences of the regions.

Reactive power compensation methods are one of the most effective methods to improve the efficiency of energy systems. Therefore, the designs and implementations of these systems are important. The aim of this study is to design and implement the most appropriate reactive power compensation systems in electrical power systems. Reactive power compensation can be realized using capacitors or the synchronous motors. In this study, a microcontroller and computer-controlled compensation applications are done by capacitors and synchronous motors under the same load conditions has been performed. By means of this designed system, it has been tried to determine what type of reactive power compensation is suitable in the existing system. In this respect, it is aimed to avoid unnecessary investments for existing systems and to establish a quality compensation system. In addition, the designed system is easy to update against all kinds of load changes and does not require additional equipment.

In this study, we explore a robust mixture regression procedure based on the skew t distribution in order to model heavy-tailed and/or skewed errors in a mixture regression setting. We present an EM-type algorithm to compute the maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of interest using the scale mixture representation of the skew t distribution. The performance of proposed estimators is demonstrated by a simulation study and a real data example.

There is a growing emphasis to improve every student's academic, social-emotional, and career and college development as schools strive to design and deliver comprehensive counseling programs that support students' development in these areas. The purpose of this study is to explore a large urban high school teachers' counselors and admins' perspectives on improving a high-poverty urban school's counseling services to extend school leaders' and counselors' knowledge about delivering effective school counseling programs as, ultimately, success lies with an effective principal and school counselor partnership. Particularly, data from our study will allow urban school principals and school counselors to identify the high and low program needs of urban students to become college, career, and life ready. The next set of comparisons was conducted for social-emotional needs. Like academic development needs, the entire ANOVA summary tables showed non-significant differences. The findings indicated that some responses varied significantly across (1) special education faculty, (2) regular classroom teachers and (3) school counselors in terms of rating of students' counseling needs. School leaders and school counselors can apply the findings of this study to create systemic and comprehensive student services in their schools. Particularly, school leaders and counselors can apply the results in decision-making, discussions, and time allocation in prevention/education versus reactive/responsive academic and counseling services.

There is widespread acknowledgement that importance of reading skill is increasing day by day. Reading is the first step to learning and revealing something new. Beyond the primary grades, it plays a vital role in keeping up with the requirements of the age. Individuals who read, understand, question, think and produce develop societies. Thus, it is inevitable that individuals who have difficulties in acquiring reading skill will encounter difficulties both in school life and in society. To remove barriers of people presence in academic and daily life, students with these difficulties should be identified as early as possible and the difficulties they experience should be eliminated. The proficiency of primary school pre-service teachers regarding the concepts of "reading'' and "reading difficulty'' gives clues for identifying and remedying individuals with reading disabilities. It is aimed to determine the metaphorical perceptions of primary school pre-service teachers towards the concepts of "reading'' and "reading disability'' in order to help address this issue. The study group of the research consists of 89 4th-grade primary school pre-service teachers who continue their education at a state university in the Black Sea Region in Turkey in the fall semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. The model of this research is phenomenology which is one of the qualitative research methods. A questionnaire developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. Content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Five different categories related to reading skills and reading disabilities emerged as a result of the analysis of the data. Categories related to the concept of reading skills are 'Discovering Something New', 'Fun Source', 'Embarking on Adventure', 'Decoding' and 'Other'. The categories related to the concept of reading disability are 'Difficulty', 'A problem in itself', 'Visual impairment', 'Deficiencies' and 'An insurmountable problem'. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 17th International Primary Teacher Education Symposium 11-14 April 2018/Ankara.]

The purpose of this research is to investigate how Web based and computer technologies impact studies, in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Through a qualitative approach the study extensively explores this subject matter. To examine studies related to the use of Web based technology in teaching Turkish, a document analysis technique was employed. Data were collected from scientific journal articles and thesis studies published between 2010 and 2023 with a focus on teaching Turkish as a foreign language using Web based technology. The research specifically looked at studies conducted from 2010 onwards and twelve articles and thesis studies on the subject were examined. These studies demonstrated the effects of Web 2.0 tools and applications like Voki, Kahoot! ChatGPT, blogs and podcasts on language learning processes. The findings indicate that effectively integrating technology into language instruction plays a role in enhancing students language skills and motivation. Furthermore, remote education platforms have the potential to revolutionize language learning experiences. The results also highlight that technology supported experimental studies can be successfully utilized in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Overall, these findings emphasize the potential of technology and Web based applications, in language instruction.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a scale to determine university students' attitudes toward assessment and evaluation in online exams. Background: Measuring students' attitudes toward online exams is crucial, especially in the context of emergency transitions to online learning and the impact of external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Students' perspectives on online examination practices in higher education institutions are significant in understanding students' attitudes and perceptions of online exams for effective implementation. Method: During the developmental phase of the scale, 13 items were created and presented for expert opinion. The scale propositions are designed to question the compliance of the courses with the curricula in the online education process, the transparency of online exams, and the University's technological infrastructure for online exams. The participants in the study consist of 1095 students studying in different programs at the Vocational Schools of three foundation universities in Istanbul, and they were reached via e-mail. Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted. Findings: The results obtained prove that the 13-question scale is valid and reliable and is a good measurement to determine university students' attitudes to online exams. Implications for Research and Practice: Attitudes are likely determinants of academic achievement. Furthermore, utilizing e-tests positively impacts higher education students' performance and participation in online testing. Therefore, it is essential to consider students' attitudes towards online exams to increase academic success in online courses and provide better learning outcomes. Thus, scale development plays a pivotal role in advancing knowledge within specific domains of social science research, and it is integral to ensuring the quality and reliability of online exam instruments used in higher education.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the story map on elementary school firstgrade students' listening and reading comprehension levels and their attitudes towards reading in literacy teaching process. It was conducted on 69 students studying in the first-grade in an elementary school in the Western Black Sea region and assigned by matching. In the research, "Quasi-experimental Design", one of the quantitative research methods, was used. During the data collection process, the Reading Attitude Scale with "Garfield Picture" for 1-6thGrade Students to Turkish was implemented in the experimental and control groups as a pretest and post-test. While the story map was implemented in the lessons in the experimental group, the implementation process was completed by teaching the lesson without any implementation in the control group. The texts in which listening and reading comprehension questions were implemented included 26 narrative texts in the elementary school 1st-grade Turkish book. The data collected with the "Listening and Reading Comprehension Achievement Test" and Reading Attitude Scale with "Garfield "Picture for 1-6th-Grade Students to Turkish implemented after the experimental procedure were evaluated with the SPSS 20 statistical software. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the experimental group, in which the story map was implemented before the listening and reading comprehension questions, was more successful in comprehension than the control group. When the effects of the story map on the attitude towards listening and reading comprehension were examined, a positive improvement was found in listening and reading comprehension in the experimental group.