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Retained intra-abdominal foreign bodies are rare and most occur following abdominal or gynaecological surgery. Sponges are the most retained foreign body. The foreign bodies range from surgical instruments, including abdominal pads and gauze to artery forceps; to a pen cap. Retained objects can also be self-inserted. The authors report a case series on the outcome of retained foreign bodies in the intra-abdominal cavity managed in the general surgery service of the University College Hospital, Ibadan over 12-years., (Copyright © 2024 Nigerian Medical Association.)

Introduction: Body stalk anomaly (BSA) is a rare and severe congenital malformation in which the exact pathophysiology is still unknown. The possible causes of body stalk anomaly include early amnion rupture with direct mechanical pressure and amniotic bands, vascular disruption of the early embryo, or an abnormality in the germinal disk., Case Presentation: We report a case of sonologically delayed diagnosis of BSA which was confirmed post-delivery following histopathological examination and we reviewed relevant literature regarding this phenomenon. Sonographic features of the foetus included a wide anterior abdominal wall defect (omphalocele) with protrusion of the liver into the amniotic cavity. The umbilical arteries show normal calibre, flow, velocimetry, and spectral waveform., Conclusion: Body stalk anomaly is accepted as a fatal anomaly, so it is important to differentiate it from other anterior abdominal wall defects prenatally and this could guide the management options., (© Association of Resident Doctors, UCH, Ibadan.)