13 results on '"Oja, Olli"'
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2. Effect of Cooling Practice on the Mechanical Properties of Medium‐Manganese Aluminum‐Alloyed Steels after Intercritical Annealing Quench and Partition Treatment.
- Author
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Ahmed, Shahroz, Oja, Olli, Kaijalainen, Antti, and Peura, Pasi
- Abstract
This study reports the effect of different cooling practices after hot rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of intercritically annealed quench and partitioned low‐carbon medium‐manganese aluminum‐alloyed steel. The outcomes show that the tensile strength and uniform elongation of medium‐manganese steels can be improved by manipulating the cooling cycle after hot rolling. The starting microstructure, obtained after hot rolling and cooling, influences the fraction of austenite formed at the end of intercritical annealing, thereby impacting the fraction of martensite produced at the interrupted quenching step. The results illustrate that during intercritical annealing austenite tends to nucleate at a higher temperature from a ferritic microstructure compared to a microstructure consisting of mainly bainite or a mixture of ferrite, martensite, cementite, and retained austenite. Partition temperature of 400 °C facilitates the partition of carbon from martensite to austenite while partition temperature of 450 °C supports the formation of high carbon secondary martensite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Wear performance of quenched wear resistant steels in abrasive slurry erosion
- Author
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Ojala, Niko, Valtonen, Kati, Antikainen, Atte, Kemppainen, Anu, Minkkinen, Jussi, Oja, Olli, and Kuokkala, Veli-Tapani
- Published
- 2016
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4. Experimental study on the behavior of wear resistant steels under high velocity single particle impacts
- Author
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Lindroos, Matti, Apostol, Marian, Kuokkala, Veli-Tapani, Laukkanen, Anssi, Valtonen, Kati, Holmberg, Kenneth, and Oja, Olli
- Published
- 2015
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5. The effect of scrap originating trace elements on the properties of low alloyed steels.
- Author
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Ahmed, Shahroz, Sabr, Ali, Peltola, Ari, Oja, Olli, Järn, Sanna, Kaijalainen, Antti, Penney, David, and Peura, Pasi
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- 2023
- Full Text
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6. Correlation between the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Intercritically Annealed Advanced High-Strength Steels
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Oja, Olli, Tekniikan ja luonnontieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, and Tampere University
- Subjects
retained austenite ,Teknisten tieteiden tohtoriohjelma - Doctoral Programme in Engineering Sciences ,jäännösausteniitti - Abstract
Uusien lujien ja hyvin muovattavien terästen kehitystä ajaa eteenpäin autoteollisuuden tarve keventää ajoneuvojen massaa ja siten parantaa energiatehokkuutta ilman että kolariturvallisuus samalla heikkenisi. Koska lujuuden kasvattaminen voi johtaa muovattavuuden heikkenemiseen, on tärkeää optimoida teräksen mikrorakenne muovattavuuden kannalta. Tässä tutkimuksessa pyrittiin tähän tavoitteeseen selvittämällä erilaisten lämpökäsittelyjen vaikutuksia pii- ja alumiiniseostettujen sekä niobi- ja vanadiinimikroseostettujen terästen ominaisuuksiin. Materiaaliominaisuudet selvitettiin mikrorakennetutkimuksilla ja mekaanisella aineenkoetuksella keskittyen erityisesti paikalliseen muodonmuutoskykyyn. Muovattavuutta arvioitiin mittaamalla paikallinen venymä vetosauvojen murtopinnoista. Mikrorakenteiden tarkka karakterisointi tehtiin elektronimikroskopian avulla käyttäen EBSD-menetelmää (takaisin sironneiden elektronien diffraktio). Tutkimuksiin valittiin kymmenen eri koostumusta kirjallisuuden ja teoreettisen tarkastelun perusteella. Tavoitteena oli 980 – 1180 MPa murtolujuusluokan nykyaikaisten monifaasiterästen kehittäminen. Kaksifaasialueella tehdyn hehkutuksen yhdistäminen austemperointiin tai Quenching & Partitioning –käsittelyyn saivat aikaan mikrorakenteita, jotka sisälsivät vaihtelevia määriä jäännösausteniittia ja muita faaseja erilaisina morfologioina. Lämpökäsittelystä ja koostumuksesta riippuen, myös terästen muodonmuutoskyvyn havaittiin vaihtelevan ja vastaavan joko paikallista tai laajaa muovattavuustyyppiä. Tulosten perusteella laadittiin muovattavuuskartta, jossa tulokset osoittivat havainnollisesti lämpökäsittelyn ja mikrorakenteen morfologian vaikutuksen muovattavuuteen. Quenching & Partitioning –käsittely johti paikalliseen muovattavuustyyppiin, kun kaksifaasialueen hehkutus ja austemperointi puolestaan sai aikaa laajan muovattavuuden. Lisäksi pystyttiin osoittamaan matalahiilisten terästen (0.08 – 0.10 % C) sisältävän jäännösausteniittia Quenching & Partitioning – käsittelyn jälkeen. Tulokset osoittivat, että lämpökäsittelyä ja koostumusta optimoimalla on mahdollista aikaansaada paikallisen ja laajan muovattavuustyypin yhdistelmä. Juuri näillä tasapainotetuilla muovattavuus- ja lujuusominaisuuksilla terästeollisuus pystyy vastaamaan tulevaisuuden ajoneuvoterästen tiukkeneviin ominaisuus- ja muovattavuusvaatimuksiin. Automotive steels are undergoing constant research and development. The automotive industry has inspired the development of advanced high strength steels in recent decades by targeting a reduction in automotive body weight. In order to develop novel high-strength and formable steels for this purpose, the present work investigates the metallurgy and properties of silicon- and aluminium-alloyed, niobium- and vanadium-microalloyed steels by performing intercritical annealing and austempering as well as quenching and partitioning heat treatment. Materials were characterized by studying the microstructure and mechanical properties with the emphasis on local ductility. The heat treatments investigated herein produced microstructures containing ferrite, bainitic ferrite and martensite with various amounts of metastable retained austenite, which led to differences in material properties. The retained austenite morphologies were investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (the EBSD method). As a novel feature, retained austenite was found in steel containing low carbon (0.08 – 0.10 wt.%) that had been processed by quenching and partitioning. The present work investigated ten different chemical compositions which were utilized to produce four concepts for a 980 – 1180 MPa class steel. Depending on the heat treatment and processing, the strength-elongation combination showed local or global formability type mechanical properties. The local-global formability was studied by performing fracture strain measurements on the tensile test specimens. As a summary, this work defines the formability diagram of a large number of differently treated experimental steels. The results showed that intercritical quenching and partitioning heat treatment typically led to a microstructure with local formability properties, while intercritical annealing and austempering produced more of a global type of formability. By adjusting the chemical composition and heat treatment, it was also possible to achieve a combination of these formability properties, which is useful in an advanced high strength and formable steel. These combined properties are especially required when automotive industry utilizes modern steels for more energy-efficient vehicles.
- Published
- 2022
7. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nb and V Microalloyed TRIP-Assisted Steels
- Author
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Oja, Olli, primary, Saastamoinen, Ari, additional, Patnamsetty, Madan, additional, Honkanen, Mari, additional, Peura, Pasi, additional, and Järvenpää, Martti, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Quenching and Partitioning of Multiphase Aluminum-Added Steels
- Author
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Nyyssönen, Tuomo, primary, Oja, Olli, additional, Jussila, Petri, additional, Saastamoinen, Ari, additional, Somani, Mahesh, additional, and Peura, Pasi, additional
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Metallurgy and heat treatment of medium manganese quenching & partitioning steels
- Author
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Oja, Olli, Jussila, Petri, Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu, Jokilaakso, Ari, Ruismäki, Ronja, Oja, Olli, Jussila, Petri, Kemian tekniikan korkeakoulu, Jokilaakso, Ari, and Ruismäki, Ronja
- Abstract
Since emissions of the transportation sector contribute significantly to climate change, the longterm strategy of several auto manufacturers comprises of enhancing fuel efficiency without compromising safety. The automotive industry acts, thus, as a driving force for developing lightweight 3rd generation AHSS with both high strength and ductility. The 3rd generation AHSS with Rm × A > 20 GPa% include medium manganese steels and, Q&P and ART heat treated steels.These steels have recently gained attention due to their advantageous properties in previous studies reported in literature. The aim of this work was to study the final microstructure and mechanical properties of three Q&P and ART heat treated alloys Fe–0.2C–5Mn, Fe–0.2C–5Mn–1.7SiAl and Fe–0.2C–5Mn–2.8SiAl. The annealing temperatures were varied depending on alloying, whereas the quenching and partitioning temperatures were kept unchanged. In addition, the effect of cold rolled, martensitic and batch annealed starting microstructures was studied. The material production and heat treatments were conducted in laboratory scale. The effect of the heat treatments was studied with tensile tests, dilatometer tests, EBSD measurements, FEGSEM and SEM. Based on microstructural analysis, the Q&P heat treatments resulted in multi-phase steels with varying volume fractions of martensite, tempered martensite, bainite and precipitated carbides. The ART heat treatment, on the other hand, resulted in a microstructure with intercritical ferrite and martensite. In addition, some samples contained retained austenite. Therefore, it was stated that 0.2 wt. % C and 5.0 wt. % Mn were sufficient alloying amounts for retaining austenite to room temperature. However, the findings also implied that Si and Al were necessary additions as they enhance the stabilization of austenite by suppressing the formation of carbon consuming cementite. In addition, an increasing amount of Si and Al increased the PAG size, decreased strength, increased, Transportsektorns utsläpp bidrar till klimatförändringen, vilket har lett till att den långsiktiga strategin hos flera fordonstillverkare siktar på förbättring av fordonens bränsleeffektivitet utan att kompromissa med säkerheten. Fordonstillverkare är därför den drivande kraften i utvecklingen av tredje generationens avancerade höghållfasta stål med hög duktilitet. Tredje generationens stål med Rm × A > 20 GPa% inkluderar Q&P och ART värmebehandlade ståltyper samt medium manganese stål. Dessa ståltyper har fått mycket uppmärksamhet på grund av deras förmånliga egenskaper vilka rapporterats i tidigare studier inom forskningsområdet. Målet med detta arbete var att studera mikrostrukturen och de mekaniska egenskaperna hos tre Q&P och ART värmebehandlade legeringar: Fe–0.2C–5Mn, Fe–0.2C–5Mn–1.7SiAl och Fe–0.2C– 5Mn–2.8SiAl. Glödningstemperaturen i värmebehandlingarna varierades med avseende på legeringens egenskaper medan quenching- och partitioningtemperaturerna behölls konstanta. Effekten av begynnelsemikrostrukterna studerades genom att variera mellan kallvalsad, martensitisk och mjukglödad begynnelsemikrostruktur. Legeringarna tillverkades och värmebehandlingarna utfördes i laboratorieskala. Effekten av värmebehandlingarna studerades med dragprov, dilatometerprovning, EBSD mätningar, FEGSEM och SEM. På basis av mikrostrukturanalyserna visades Q&P stålen innehålla flera faser som martensit, tempererad martensit, bainit och karbider. ART värmebehandlingen resulterade i stål med ferrit och martensit. Restaustenit hittades i några specimen. Det visade sig därav att 0.2% C och 5.0% Mn är tillräckliga mängder för att stabilisera restaustenit till rumstemperatur. Tillsatser av Si och Al i legeringarna visade sig att vara viktigta för att stabilisera austenit eftersom de hindrar kolkonsumerande cementit från att formas. Si och Al ökade kornstorleken hos austenit, minskade hållfastheten, ökade duktiliteten och stabiliserade ferrit genom att öka A3 temperaturen. Kallvalsad be
- Published
- 2018
10. Microstructure-Property Relationships of Novel Ultra-High-Strength Press Hardening Steels
- Author
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Järvinen, Henri, primary, Honkanen, Mari, additional, Oja, Olli, additional, Järvenpää, Martti, additional, and Peura, Pasi, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Microstructure-Property Relationships of Novel Ultra-High-Strength Press Hardening Steels.
- Author
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Järvinen, Henri, Honkanen, Mari, Oja, Olli, Järvenpää, Martti, and Peura, Pasi
- Subjects
MARTENSITIC stainless steel ,COLD rolling ,MICROALLOYING ,METAL quenching ,DUCTILITY - Abstract
The industrial significance of microalloyed martensitic steels manufactured via cold rolling, reaustenitization, and quenching has been typically recognized as low. However, it is currently believed that microalloying can improve the in-service properties of ultra-high-strength press hardening steels. In this work, five 34MnB5-based steels were designed to address the role of Ti and V when combined with Cr or Mo. Microstructure-property relationships were analyzed after die quenching and additional bake hardening (BH) heat treatment using advanced methods of microscopy, glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy, quasi-static tensile tests, and three-point bending tests. Results indicate that both Ti and V can provide grain size refinement through the formation of stabile nanosized precipitates. The BH treatment improved postuniform elongation values, indicating a trend of improved ductility. However, the expected improvements in bendability were clearly confirmed only for two V-microalloyed steels with the alloying concepts of 0.3Cr-0.15V-0.03Al-0.02Ti-0.0020B and 0.3Mo-0.15V-0.0060N (without Al-Ti-B additions) (wt pct). Thus, it was discovered that microalloying with V, when combined with either Cr or Mo, provides a promising combination of mechanical properties as far as the austenitization parameters are appropriately controlled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Kaliumgödsling på torvmark - effekt på tillväxten hos planterade granar (Picea abies)
- Author
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Miekk-oja, Olli
- Subjects
Torvmark ,dikning ,Agricultural Sciences ,Teknik och teknologier ,tillväxt ,Engineering and Technology ,Lantbruksvetenskaper ,gödsling - Abstract
Peat lands are a great potential resource for increased forest growth in Sweden, there are approximately 6.5 million hectares of peat lands, whereof around 70% produce less wood than one m3sk/ha and year and are therefore classed as forest waste land. There are over 200 000 hectares of peat land that is already drained and wooded, and that may be suitable for fertilization. Forest production on peat soils usually requires drainage and fertilization. Dewatering requires ditching the area, so that the roots can have access to oxygen. Nitrogen is often abundant in the peat but other nutrients; especially potassium is in short supply. The purpose of this work was to examine the effects of potassium fertilization on the growth of spruces that were planted on drained peat land and how different amount of fertilizers affects the growth. Potassium deficiency is strongly growth inhibiting, since potassium is important for substance transport in the tree. Potassium is also important for the carbohydrate formation, and because increasing the sugar content of the cells constitutes a lower freezing temperature does potassium availability in the soil play a major role in the winter resistance of many species. Potassium is not found in any organic compounds in the tree, but is present in cell and tissue fluids. A fertilization trial was started in 1978 in Siljansfors Experimental Forest. The plots in the experiment were fertilized with different amounts of potassium and one plot was left without fertilization. All plots that were fertilized with potassium grew considerably better than the unfertilized plot. The difference in production between the unfertilized plot and the plot that received the most potassium was 7.2 m3sk/ha and year. The unfertilized plot can still be classified as waste land. The theoretical production capacity was estimated using a Swedish system for site quality estimation of wetlands after ditching (dikningsbonitering). The plot with most potassium produced after fertilizationaproximately in level with theoretical estimations. Key words: Peat land, Fertilization, Ditching, Growth, site quality.
- Published
- 2013
13. Jämförelse av bonitering enligt övre höjd och ståndortsegenskaper i yngre tallskog
- Author
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Miekk-oja, Olli
- Subjects
Skogsvetenskap ,Bonitet ,ståndortsbonitering ,Forest Science ,markvegetationstyp ,typart - Abstract
I studien jämfördes bonitering med ståndortsegenskaper och övre höjd i en yngre tallskog i Mellansverige. I jämförelse mellan olika provytor på likvärdig mark och efter olika skötselåtgärder gav de två boniteringsmetoderna samma bonitet, trots variation i antal typarter och olika resultat vad gäller markvegetationstyp. Resultaten kan möjligen vara lokalt representativa men behöver ett större material för att kunna generaliseras på kommunnivå eller större.
- Published
- 2010
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