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This paper demonstrates the 32-Mb chain ferroelectric RAM (chain FeRAM) with 0.2-µm three-metal CMOS technology. A small die size of 96 mm² and a high cell/chip area efficiency of 65.6% are realized not only by the small cell size using capacitor-on-plug technology but also by two key techniques that utilize the three-metal process: 1) a compact memory cell block structure that eliminates plateline area and reduces block selector area and 2) the segment/stitch array architecture which reduces the area of row decoders and plate drivers. As a result, the average cell size shrinks to 1.875 µm², which is smaller than a 0.13-µm SRAM cell, and the chip size is reduced to 70% of the chain FeRAM of conventional configuration with two-metal process. Moreover, a power-on/off sequence suitable to the chain FeRAM is introduced to protect the memory cell data from the startup noise. Compatibility with low-power SRAM is a key issue for mobile applications. The low-standby-current bias generator is introduced and the standby current of the chip is suppressed to 3 µA. The modified address access mode is also adopted to eliminate the need of intentional address transition after the startup of the chip. The chip enable access time was 50 ns and cycle time was 75 ns at 3.0-V V[sub dd]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents analytical toxicology research into five clinical cases of accidental aconite poisoning. Aconite is a toxic plant that contains aconitine alkaloids. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used in the rapid analysis of aconitines in urine and serum. Four male patients and one female patient had ingested roots and leaves of the plant.

This study proposed a method for measuring the methane (CH 4 )/carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) ratio from individual beef cattle under on-farm conditions and estimated the variance components of the CH 4 /CO 2 ratio. Gas measurements were conducted using 166 Japanese Black cattle group-housed in pens equipped with individual feed bins. The gas containing the animal's breath was measured individually after concentrate feeding by covering the feed bin with a sheet with sampling inlets. Measurements were performed six times (three consecutive days, twice daily) per individual. Most of the sampled gas contained more than 1000 ppm of the mean background-corrected CO 2 , suggesting that the method proposed in this study successfully collected sufficient breath concentration to accurately measure the CH 4 /CO 2 ratio. The between-animal variance accounted for 31.7% of the total variance in the CH 4 /CO 2 ratio. The results showed that the gas collection method proposed in this study could be a useful tool for measuring the CH 4 /CO 2 ratio under on-farm conditions. The variance component obtained from this study will help to establish protocols for generating data for genetic evaluation and performing dietary experiments with sufficient statistical power., (© 2024 Japanese Society of Animal Science.)

Uniform axial magnetic field of about 70 G is applied to a radiofrequency (rf) hydrogen ion source by arrays of permanent magnets. The plasma density and electron temperature downstream of the source and near the magnetic filter are compared with those in the previously described ion source, where the axial field has been applied by two solenoids. The source is operated at ∼350 kHz and above 10 kW rf power with a field-effect-transistor-based invertor power supply in 1.5 Pa hydrogen. The results show that the plasma density of ∼10(19) m(-3) near the source exit and ∼10(18) m(-3) near the magnetic filter can be obtained, which are higher than those with the solenoids.