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2. Co-aggregation with Apolipoprotein E modulates the function of Amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease

Author

Xia, Zengjie, Prescott, Emily E., Urbanek, Agnieszka, Wareing, Hollie E., King, Marianne C., Olerinyova, Anna, Dakin, Helen, Leah, Tom, Barnes, Katy A., Matuszyk, Martyna M., Dimou, Eleni, Hidari, Eric, Zhang, Yu P., Lam, Jeff Y. L., Danial, John S. H., Strickland, Michael R., Jiang, Hong, Thornton, Peter, Crowther, Damian C., Ohtonen, Sohvi, Gómez-Budia, Mireia, Bell, Simon M., Ferraiuolo, Laura, Mortiboys, Heather, Higginbottom, Adrian, Wharton, Stephen B., Holtzman, David M., Malm, Tarja, Ranasinghe, Rohan T., Klenerman, David, and De, Suman

Published
2024
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4. Serious Game the Emotion Detectives Helps to Improve Social-Emotional Skills of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Author

Joanna Löytömäki, Pasi Ohtonen, and Kerttu Huttunen

Abstract

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders often have social-emotional difficulties. Serious games can be used to support their social-emotional learning. This study investigated if 6-10-year-old children with autism spectrum condition, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental language disorder would improve their emotion discrimination skills by playing a serious game. Intervention (n = 30) and control groups (n = 20), comprising children with neurodevelopmental disorders, and a group of typically developing (TD) age peers (n = 106), completed six emotion discrimination tasks. ABA research design was applied in this study. Prior to the game intervention, children with neurodevelopmental disorders were significantly delayed in relation to their TD age peers in all tasks. After playing the game for two months, the children in the intervention group had significantly improved their emotion discrimination skills in four tasks, whereas the control group had significantly advanced in only one task without practice. Intervention gains were maintained at the one-month follow-up. Parents reported that the children in the intervention group somewhat improved their emotion recognition and behavioural skills in daily life in comparison to the control group. Implications for practice are discussed.

Published
2024
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6. Human iPSC-derived microglia carrying the LRRK2-G2019S mutation show a Parkinson’s disease related transcriptional profile and function

Author

Ohtonen, Sohvi, Giudice, Luca, Jäntti, Henna, Fazaludeen, Mohammad Feroze, Shakirzyanova, Anastasia, Gómez-Budia, Mireia, Välimäki, Nelli-Noora, Niskanen, Jonna, Korvenlaita, Nea, Fagerlund, Ilkka, Koistinaho, Jari, Amiry-Moghaddam, Mahmood, Savchenko, Ekaterina, Roybon, Laurent, Lehtonen, Šárka, Korhonen, Paula, and Malm, Tarja

Published
2023
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18. Microglial amyloid beta clearance is driven by PIEZO1 channels

Author

Jäntti, Henna, Sitnikova, Valeriia, Ishchenko, Yevheniia, Shakirzyanova, Anastasia, Giudice, Luca, Ugidos, Irene F., Gómez-Budia, Mireia, Korvenlaita, Nea, Ohtonen, Sohvi, Belaya, Irina, Fazaludeen, Feroze, Mikhailov, Nikita, Gotkiewicz, Maria, Ketola, Kirsi, Lehtonen, Šárka, Koistinaho, Jari, Kanninen, Katja M., Hernández, Damian, Pébay, Alice, Giugno, Rosalba, Korhonen, Paula, Giniatullin, Rashid, and Malm, Tarja

Published
2022
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23. The Role of Linguistic and Cognitive Factors in Emotion Recognition Difficulties in Children with ASD, ADHD or DLD

Author

Löytömäki, Joanna, Ohtonen, Pasi, Laakso, Marja-Leena, and Huttunen, Kerttu

Abstract

Background: Many children with neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or developmental language disorder (DLD) have difficulty recognizing and understanding emotions. However, the reasons for these difficulties are currently not well understood. Aims: To compare the emotion recognition skills of children with neurodevelopmental disorders as well as those children's skills with the skills of their typically developing (TD) age peers. Also, to identify the role of underlying factors in predicting emotion recognition skills. Methods & Procedures: The 6-10-year-old children (n = 50) who participated in the study had either ASD, ADHD or DLD and difficulties recognizing emotions from face and/or in voice. TD age peers (n = 106) served as controls. Children's skills were tested using six forced-choice tasks with emotional nonsense words, meaningful emotional sentences, the FEFA 2 test, photographs, video clips and a task in which facial expressions and tones of voice had to be matched. Expressive vocabulary, rapid serial naming, auditory and visual working memory and Theory of Mind skills were explored as possible explanatory factors of the emotion recognition difficulties of the diagnosed children. Outcomes & Results: Children with ASD, ADHD or DLD did not significantly differ from each other in their linguistic or cognitive skills. Moreover, there were only minor differences between children with these diagnoses in recognizing facial expressions and emotional tone of voice and matching the two. The only significant difference was that children with ADHD recognized facial expressions in photographs better than children with DLD. The participants with diagnoses scored significantly lower than the controls in all but one emotion recognition tasks presented. According to the linear regression analysis, first-order Theory of Mind skills predicted the delay relative to typical development in the recognition of facial expressions in the FEFA 2 test, and expressive vocabulary and working memory skills together predicted the delay in the recognition of emotions in the matching task. Conclusions & Implications: Children with ASD, ADHD or DLD showed very similar emotion recognition skills and were also found to be significantly delayed in their development of these skills. Some predictive factors related to linguistic and cognitive skills were found for these difficulties. Information about impaired emotion recognition and underlying linguistic and cognitive skills helps to select intervention procedures. Without this information, therapy might unnecessarily focus on only symptoms.

Published
2020
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32. Parastomal Hernia Prevention Using Funnel-Shaped Intra-Abdominal Mesh Compared to No Mesh: The Chimney Randomized Clinical Trial

Author

Mäkäräinen, Elisa, Wiik, Heikki, Nikberg, Maziar, Kössi, Jyrki, Carpelan-Holmström, Monika, Pinta, Tarja, Lehto, Kirsi, Nikki, Marko, Järvinen, Jyri, Ohtonen, Pasi, and Rautio, Tero

Abstract

IMPORTANCE: Prophylactic placement of a mesh has been suggested to prevent parastomal hernia. Evidence to support this practice is contradictory. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether funnel-shaped permanent synthetic parastomal mesh is effective and safe in parastomal hernia prevention. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: The Chimney Trial was a randomized single-blinded multicenter trial conducted in 4 hospitals in Finland and 1 in Sweden from February 2019 and September 2021. Of 439 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma undergoing either laparoscopic or robotic-assisted abdominoperineal resection or the Hartmann procedure, 143 were enrolled in the trial, 135 received their allocated intervention, and 121 were analyzed at 12-month follow-up. Data were analyzed from December 2023 to May 2024. INTERVENTION: In the intervention group, a permanent colostomy was created with a funnel-shaped intraperitoneal mesh and compared to a control group with a stoma without the mesh. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURE: The primary end point was the incidence of computed tomography (CT)–confirmed parastomal hernia 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: There were 68 patients (mean [SD] age, 68.7 [11.6] years; 36 [53% male and 32 [47%] female) who received the intended allocation in the mesh group and 67 (mean [SD] age, 66.4 [11.7] years; 48 [72%] male and 19 [28%] female) who received the intended allocation in the control group. CT scans were available for 58 patients in the mesh group and 59 patients in the control group at the 12-month follow-up. CT scans confirmed parastomal hernia in 6 of 58 patients (10%) in the mesh group compared to 22 of 59 patients (37%) in the control group (difference, 27%; 95% CI, 12-41; P < .001). Clinical parastomal hernia as a secondary outcome was recorded in 1 of 60 patients (2%) in the mesh group compared to 27 of 61 (43%) in the control group (difference, 41%; 95% CI, 29-55; P < .001). The number of patients with Clavien-Dindo class II ileus was 23 (35%) in the mesh group compared to 11 (17%) in the control group (difference, 18%; 95% CI, 3-32; P = .006). Only slight differences between the groups were detected in other stoma-related complications, readmissions, operative time, surgical site infections, reoperations, and quality of life. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, funnel-shaped parastomal mesh prevented a significant number of parastomal hernias without predisposing patients to mesh- or stoma-related complications during 12-month follow-up. The results of this study suggest the funnel-shaped mesh is a feasible option to prevent parastomal hernia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03799939

Published
2024
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33. The impact of metastasectomy on survival of patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell cancer in Finland: A nationwide study

Author

Laru, Lauri, Ronkainen, Hanna, Ohtonen, Pasi, and Vaarala, Markku H.

Abstract

Background and objective: Most of the studies on metastasectomy in renal cell cancer are based on metachronous, often oligometastatic disease. Prior data on the impact of metastasectomy in synchronous metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) is, however, very scarce. We aimed to investigate the role of complete and incomplete metastasectomy in a large, nationwide patient population.Methods: We analyzed nationwide data, including all synchronous mRCC cases in Finland diagnosed during a 6-year period identified from the Finnish Cancer Registry, and complemented with patient records from the treating hospitals. We only included the patients who underwent removal of the primary tumor by nephrectomy. We performed univariate and multivariable adjusted analysis to identify the effect of metastasectomy on overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).Results: We included 483 patients with synchronous mRCC. Overall, 57 patients underwent complete and 96 incomplete metastasectomy, while 330 patients had no metastasectomy. The median OS was 17.9 and CSS 17.2 months for all patients. The median OS and the median CSS were 59.3 and 60.8 months for the complete, 21.9 and 25.1 for the incomplete, and 14.5 and 14.8 months for the no metastasectomy groups (p< 0.001 for differences). In both applied multivariable statistical models, the OS and CSS benefit from complete metastasectomy remained significant (hazard ratios (HRs) varied between 0.42 and 0.54, p< 0.001) compared with the no metastasectomy group. However, there was no improvement in survival estimates in the incomplete metastasectomy group compared with the no metastasectomy group (HRs varied between 1.04 and 1.10, p> 0.40).Conclusions: Complete metastasectomy, when possible, can be considered as a treatment option for selected patients with synchronous mRCC who are fit for surgery. By contrast, we found no survival benefit from an incomplete metastasectomy suggesting that such procedures should not be performed for these patients.

Published
2024
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34. Reliability of Bioreactance and Pulse-Power Analysis in Measuring Cardiac Index During Open Abdominal Aortic Surgery.

Author

Ronkainen, Heikki Pekka Oskari, Ylikauma, Laura Anneli, Pohjola, Mari Johanna, Ohtonen, Pasi Petteri, Erkinaro, Tiina Maria, Vakkala, Merja Annika, Liisanantti, Janne Henrik, Juvonen, Tatu Sakari, and Kaakinen, Timo Ilari

Abstract

· We compared bioreactance and pulse power analysis to pulmonary artery catheter. · The patients underwent elective open abdominal aortic surgery. · Cardiac index measurements were performed simultaneously with each of the devices. · We investigated the accuracy, precision and trending ability of the monitors. · Both less invasive monitors showed imprecision and poor trending ability. To investigate the accuracy, precision, and trending ability of noninvasive bioreactance-based Starling SV and the mini invasive pulse-power device LiDCOrapid as compared to thermodilution cardiac output (TDCO) as measured by pulmonary artery catheter when assessing cardiac index (CIx) in the setting of elective open abdominal aortic (AA) surgery. A prospective method-comparison study. Oulu University Hospital, Finland. Forty patients undergoing elective open abdominal aortic surgery. Intraoperative CI measurements were obtained simultaneously with TDCO and the study monitors, resulting in 627 measurement pairs with Starling SV and 497 with LiDCOrapid. The Bland-Altman method was used to investigate the agreement among the devices, and four-quadrant plots with error grids were used to assess trending ability. The agreement between TDCO and Starling SV was associated with a bias of 0.18 L/min/m2 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.13 to 0.23), wide limits of agreement (LOA = –1.12 to 1.47 L/min/m2), and a percentage error (PE) of 63.7 (95% CI = 52.4-71.0). The agreement between TDCO and LiDCOrapid was associated with a bias of –0.15 L/min/m2 (95% CI = –0.21 to –0.09), wide LOA (–1.56 to 1.37), and a PE of 68.7 (95% CI = 54.9-79.6). The trending ability of neither device was sufficient. The CI measurements achieved with Starling SV and LiDCOrapid were not interchangeable with TDCO, and the ability to track changes in CI was poor. These results do not support the use of either study device in monitoring CI during open AA surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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