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268 results on '"Ohtani, Maki"'

41. Citrus flavonoids, β-Glucan and organic acid feed additives decrease relative risk during Yersinia ruckeri O1 biotype 2 infection of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Author

Villumsen, Kasper Rømer, Ohtani, Maki, Forberg, Torunn, Tinsley, John, Boye, Mette, Bojesen, Anders M., Villumsen, Kasper Rømer, Ohtani, Maki, Forberg, Torunn, Tinsley, John, Boye, Mette, and Bojesen, Anders M.

Abstract

Whether through direct supplementation of bacteria or by prebiotic supplementation thought to favour subsets of bacteria, modulation of gut microbiota constitutes an important and promising alternative to the use of prophylactic and growth promoting antibiotics in worldwide aquaculture. We fed a commercial base feed, alone or supplemented with either proprietary β-glucan, β-glucan and organic acids, citrus flavonoid or yeast cell wall supplements, to rainbow trout over a period of four weeks. Fish from each feed group were then subjected to experimental, waterborne infection with Yersinia ruckeri O1 biotype 2. Following experimental feeding, the β-glucan and organic acids supplemented group showed significantly improved feed conversion and lipid efficiency ratios. Furthermore, the β-glucan, β-glucan and organic acids and citrus flavonoid supplements proved to significantly reduce the risk of mortality in rainbow trout during experimental infection as shown by hazard ratio analysis. Resulting in 33.2%, 30.6% and 30.5% reduction in risk relative to the non-supplemented base feed, respectively, these three supplements show a promising potential either as stand-alone feed supplements, or as components in complex feed formulations.

Published
2020

44. Citrus flavonoids,β-Glucan and organic acid feed additives decrease relative risk during Yersinia ruckeri O1 biotype 2 infection of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Author

Villumsen, Kasper Rømer, Ohtani, Maki, Forberg, Torunn, Tinsley, John, Boye, Mette, and Bojesen, Anders M.

Subjects
RAINBOW trout, FEED additives, ORGANIC acids, YERSINIA, WATERBORNE infection, CITRUS, GUT microbiome
Abstract

Whether through direct supplementation of bacteria or by prebiotic supplementation thought to favour subsets of bacteria, modulation of gut microbiota constitutes an important and promising alternative to the use of prophylactic and growth promoting antibiotics in worldwide aquaculture. We fed a commercial base feed, alone or supplemented with either proprietary β-glucan, β-glucan and organic acids, citrus flavonoid or yeast cell wall supplements, to rainbow trout over a period of four weeks. Fish from each feed group were then subjected to experimental, waterborne infection with Yersinia ruckeri O1 biotype 2. Following experimental feeding, the β-glucan and organic acids supplemented group showed significantly improved feed conversion and lipid efficiency ratios. Furthermore, the β-glucan, β-glucan and organic acids and citrus flavonoid supplements proved to significantly reduce the risk of mortality in rainbow trout during experimental infection as shown by hazard ratio analysis. Resulting in 33.2%, 30.6% and 30.5% reduction in risk relative to the non-supplemented base feed, respectively, these three supplements show a promising potential either as stand-alone feed supplements, or as components in complex feed formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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48. An autopsy case of pneumococcal Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome with possible functional asplenia/hyposplenia

Author

Hata, Yukiko, Chiba, Takashi, Ohtani, Maki, Ishizawa, Shin, and Nishida, Naoki

Subjects
Male, Biopsy, Case Report, Organ Size, Middle Aged, Immunohistochemistry, Pneumococcal Infections, Fatal Outcome, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Cause of Death, Adrenal Glands, Humans, Autopsy, Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome, Atrophy, Spleen
Abstract

We report an autopsy case of rapid progressive Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) associated with Streptococcus pneumonia infection in a previously healthy man. Although he once visited a hospital about 6 hours before death, the both physical and serological examination did not show any sign of overwhelming infection. Autopsy showed massive adrenal hemorrhage without inflammation, and showed proliferation of gram positive cocci and microthrombosis in the vessels of many organs. The pathological change of respiratory tract was extremely minimal. Size and weight of the spleen possible decreased than normal. However, histological examination showed that obscuration of germinal center and decreasing the immunological cells of mantle and marginal zone. Immunohisitochemically, marked decreasing the marginal zone macrophages, which are positive for specific intercellular adhesion molecule grabbing nonintegrin receptor-1 (SIGN-R1) and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), were decreased comparing with age-matched control case. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using each DNA, extraction from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimen (FFPE) samples of lung, adrenal gland, heart, spleen, and kidney showed positive the ply gene and the lytA gene specific for Streptococcus pneumonia. Present case showed possible acquired atrophy of spleen, especially decreasing marginal zone macrophage may correlate with rapid progression of sepsis of Streptococcus pneumonia with massive adrenal hemorrhage. In addition, present case showed the usefulness of PCR using FFPE for the postmortem diagnosis of WFS.

Published
2015

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