Search

Discosoma sp. (Fig. 4) Material examined. 4 specimens, ZRC.CNI.1355 (IP444), Sisters' Islands, Singapore, coll. Y. C. A. Ip, January 2016. Description. Body column smooth, uniform in colour. Discal tentacles short, radially extending towards the disc margin. Marginal tentacles smaller, more delicate. Both discal and marginal tentacles of similar colour to the disc. Distinct white ridges present on disc extending from the center to the disc margin. Larger tentacles appear to be present on these ridges. Specimens typically found clustered in groups of three or more. Remarks. This may represent an undescribed species, but more extensive collections in the region will help ascertain its status in relation to other nominal species. Locally, it is commonly known as the 'striped' corallimorpharian and have only been found on Singapore's southern shores (Table 2). No intertidal specimens were observed during our collection work. All specimens examined are of subtidal origin. Remarks. Description follows Carlgren (1943). This species has been recorded in Vietnam and the South China Sea (Fautin, 2009, 2016). Locally, the species is known as the 'frilled' corallimorpharian. Specimens only found on the southern shores of Singapore (Table 2). Both intertidal and subtidal specimens are usually attached to coral rock. On the intertidal they are often observed close to one another in dense groups, sometimes with 10 or more individuals. Morphological identification is incongruent with molecular phylogenetic placement for two specimens collected, REL179 and REL344, which have distinct innermost discal tentacles as star-shaped bumps but are placed within the Rhodactis indosinensis clade., Published as part of Oh, Ren Min, Neo, Mei Lin, Yap, Nicholas Wei Liang, Jain, Sudhanshi Sanjeev, Tan, Ria, Chen, Chaolun Allen & Huang, Danwei, 2019, Citizen science meets integrated taxonomy to uncover the diversity and distribution of Corallimorpharia in Singapore, pp. 306-321 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67 on page 313, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2019-0022, http://zenodo.org/record/4576116, {"references":["Carlgren O (1943) East-Asiatic Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. Almqvist & Wiksells boktryckeri-a. - b., Stockholm, 43 pp."]}

Oh, Ren Min, Neo, Mei Lin, Yap, Nicholas Wei Liang, Jain, Sudhanshi Sanjeev, Tan, Ria, Chen, Chaolun Allen, Huang, Danwei (2019): Citizen science meets integrated taxonomy to uncover the diversity and distribution of Corallimorpharia in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67: 306-321, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2019-0022

Corynactis sp. (Fig. 8) Material examined. 11 specimens, ZRC.CNI.1357 (REL331–337, REL339), Pulau Ubin Jetty, Singapore, coll. R. M. Oh, January 2018. Description. Body smooth, with visible longitudinal white lines spanning the entire column. Body column uniform in colour: purple, rust red, yellow, orange or blue. Body column short. Mouth outline round, elevated at the disc centre. Tentacles arranged in three or more circles of increasing radius around mouth (den Hartog et al., 1993). All tentacles translucent, ending in rounded, beige-coloured acrospheres (Acuña & Garese, 2009). Diameter of tips ranges from 15 to 20 mm. Mesenteries can be complete or incomplete. Often found in groups of three or more individuals. Remarks. These animals may represent an undescribed species, but more extensive collections in the region will help ascertain its status in relation to other nominal species. Corynactis sp. most closely resembles Corynactis caribbeorum but is differentiated by a uniformly coloured, highly mutable body column lacking a distinct scapulus. Furthermore, Corynactis caribbeorum is found in the Caribbean and Atlantic Ocean near north Africa (Fautin, 2016). Locally, Corynactis sp. is commonly known as the 'balltip' corallimorpharian from its distinct acrosphere shape, and is widespread in the intertidal habitats of both northern and southern shores in Singapore (Table 2). During low tide, its body column envelops the tentacles and oral disc. Once submerged the body column retracts and tentacles are fully extended. Individuals are identified in the field by its uniformly coloured, mutable body form adhering to common substrata including coral rock and granite pillars, and could be easily removed from the substrata., Published as part of Oh, Ren Min, Neo, Mei Lin, Yap, Nicholas Wei Liang, Jain, Sudhanshi Sanjeev, Tan, Ria, Chen, Chaolun Allen & Huang, Danwei, 2019, Citizen science meets integrated taxonomy to uncover the diversity and distribution of Corallimorpharia in Singapore, pp. 306-321 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67 on page 315, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2019-0022, http://zenodo.org/record/4576116, {"references":["den Hartog JC, Ocana O & Brito A (1993) Corallimorpharia collected during the CANCAP expeditions (1976 - 1986) in the south-eastern part of the North Atlantic. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 282 (1): 1 - 76.","Acuna FH & Garese A (2009) The cnidae of the acrospheres of the corallimorpharian Corynactis carnea (Studer, 1878) (Cnidaria, Corallimorpharia, Corallimorphidae): Composition, abundance and biometry. Belgian Journal of Zoology, 139 (1): 50 - 57.","Fautin DG (2016) Catalog to families, genera, and species of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Zootaxa, 4145: 1 - 449."]}

Platyzoanthus mussoides Saville-Kent, 1893 (Fig. 7) Material examined. 1 specimen, ZRC.CNI.1359 (REL203), Raffles Lighthouse, Singapore, coll. S.S. Jain, August 2017 – October 2017. Description. Body column low, disc shape highly irregular. Individuals may have more than one oral centre. Tentacles usually exceptionally short, slightly lobate, covering most of the oral disc. Colour of the disc light to reddish brown. Tentacles similar colour as oral disc. Species grows in clusters of overlapping individuals, usually spread across the surface of coral rock. Remarks. Description follows Saville-Kent (1893). This species was recorded in Queensland, Australia (Fautin, 2009, 2016). Locally, one variant is known as the 'ridged' corallimorpharian and previously found on the southern shores (Table 2). The other variant with invaginations on the disc has never been observed prior to this study. Specimens collected in this study are of subtidal origin, and no intertidal specimens have been encountered., Published as part of Oh, Ren Min, Neo, Mei Lin, Yap, Nicholas Wei Liang, Jain, Sudhanshi Sanjeev, Tan, Ria, Chen, Chaolun Allen & Huang, Danwei, 2019, Citizen science meets integrated taxonomy to uncover the diversity and distribution of Corallimorpharia in Singapore, pp. 306-321 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 67 on page 314, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2019-0022, http://zenodo.org/record/4576116, {"references":["Saville-Kent W (1893) The Great Barrier Reef of Australia; Its Products and Potentialities. W. H. Allen & Co, London, 556 pp."]}