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102 results on '"Ogbonnaya, C."'

9. Toxic anterior segment syndrome following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C

Author

Ginger-Eke, H, Ogbonnaya, C, Odayappan, A, Shiweobi, J, Ginger-Eke, H, Ogbonnaya, C, Odayappan, A, and Shiweobi, J

Abstract

Objective: Toxic anterior segment (TASS) is a rare acute sterile anterior segment inflammation that typically develops within 12 to 24 hours after an anterior segment surgery. The purpose of this case report is to alert surgeons to the possibility of this complication following any anterior segment surgery, including trabeculectomy, and to highlight the possible etiologies and measures to prevent it.Patient and method: A 58-year-old male glaucoma patient was initially managed medically for primary open angle glaucoma with antiglaucoma medications. There was rapidly progressive glaucomatous optic nerve damage in his left eye within the following year, despite the use of antiglaucoma medications, hence the need for trabeculectomy.Result: The post-operative condition of the patient's eye was stormy with diffuse limbus-to-limbus corneal edema and profound Descemet's membrane folds, among other features of TASS, with associated deteriorating visual acuity. Conclusion: Although there is no documented report of TASS following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C, surgeons should be alerted to this possibility. Preventive measures include extreme care to avoid errors while preparing and administering diluted solutions, especially medications that are administered into the intracameral space.

Published
2023

10. Peer-to-peer electricity trading: A systematic review on current developments and perspectives

Author

Bukar, AL, Hamza, MF, Ayub, S, Abobaker, AK, Modu, B, Mohseni, S, Brent, AC, Ogbonnaya, C, Mustapha, K, Idakwo, HO, Bukar, AL, Hamza, MF, Ayub, S, Abobaker, AK, Modu, B, Mohseni, S, Brent, AC, Ogbonnaya, C, Mustapha, K, and Idakwo, HO

Abstract

Peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity trading has become the next generation of energy management strategies that economically benefit prosumers by trading electricity as goods and services. The P2P electricity market is expected to support the grid to minimize reserve requirements, lower investment and operational costs, reduce peak demand, and improve reliability. Nonetheless, the deployment of P2P electricity trading in the electricity networks is challenging in terms of modelling the transactions in both the physical and virtual layers of the network. The physical layer is a physical network that enables the transfer of electricity from the sellers to the buyers once financial settlements between both parties are completed over the virtual layer platform. The virtual layer facilitates a secured connection for participants to decide on their electricity trading parameters. This paper systematically reviews the current developments in the P2P electricity trading literature. Importantly, the systematic literature review brings to light six essential components in P2P electricity trading processes, namely: P2P electricity trading platforms, P2P market schemes, P2P electricity trading market clearance algorithms, policy supporting P2P electricity trading, P2P electricity trading networks and P2P ICT infrastructure, which are discussed in detail in the paper. Accordingly, for each component, state-of-the-art technologies, notable findings, and best practice insights are comprehensively reviewed, based on which directions for future research are presented. The P2P electricity market is a rapidly emerging research domain with significant opportunities and prospects globally in the industry and academia.

Published
2023

11. Validity and Reliability of the Home Management of Diarrhoea Assessment Scale for Mothers in Nigeria: A Rasch Analysis.

Author

Ogbonnaya, C. E., Chinweuba, A. U., Ogbonnaya, N. P., Ihudiebube-Splendor, C. N., and Williams, J. M.

Subjects
DIARRHEA, MOTHERS, LITERATURE reviews, MEDICAL personnel, CHILD death
Abstract

In Nigeria, 151,700 children die every year from diarrhoea disease. The use of a valid and reliable tool for eliciting information on what mothers do at home to manage diarrhoea is critical for healthcare providers and researchers. The study aimed to develop and validate the Home Management of Diarrhoea Assessment Scale (HMDAS) using Rasch Analysis among mothers of underfives in Nigeria. The cross-sectional survey design was employed among 376 mothers in one selected local government area in each of the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria recruited using multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected for 6 months and were subjected to descriptive statistics and Rasch analysis. The HMDAS was developed after in-depth literature review and 3 rounds of input from 5 expert reviewers. fit analysis revealed that 12 items were misfits and were expunged from the tool. The HMDAS was found to be unidimensional with Eigen value of less than 1. Item and person separation index of the HMDAS were 11.1917 and 2.0123 respectively. Item and the person reliability index of the HMDAS were 0.9121 and 0.0820. The HMDAS was concluded to be a reliable and valid tool for data collection. It was recommended that the HMDAS should be utilized in generating data that can be used for designing interventions aimed at stemming the tide of diarrhoea in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. PATTERN OF PRESENTATION AND MICROBIAL ISOLATES OF CORNEAL ULCERS AT ALEX EKWUEME FEDERAL UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL ABAKALIKI.

Author

Ogbonnaya, C. E., Ezeanosike, E., Ekpe, V. U., Ojide, C. K., Ezisi, C. N., Joe-Akunne, K. K., and Ginger-Eke, H. A.

Subjects
CORNEAL ulcer, ACADEMIC medical centers, RESEARCH methodology, SEVERITY of illness index, OCULAR injuries, SELF medication, TREATMENT effectiveness, EYE infections, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus, CORNEAL transplantation, VISUAL acuity, BACTERIAL diseases, DATA analysis software, PSEUDOMONAS, VISION disorders, DISEASE management, LONGITUDINAL method, EVALUATION
Abstract

Background: Corneal ulceration is sight-threatening. Accurate determination of the pattern, causative organisms and factors affecting severity and outcome will guide management. Objectives: To determine the pattern and microbiological diagnosis of corneal ulcers seen at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA). Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal descriptive study of all consenting consecutive corneal ulcer patients managed at AEFUTHA from December 2018 to December 2019. Socio-demographic data, relevant history, clinical and laboratory findings were documented. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Findings: There were 18 corneal ulcer patients among the 3853 consecutive new patients seen within the study period (a hospital prevalence rate of 0.47%). All 18 patients were recruited. They were aged 23 to 84 years; mean age was 50.4 ± 15.7. Majority were females 11(61.1%); 50% were farmers; 50% had preceding eye injury; 94% practiced prior self-medication; 72.2% presented ≥ 2 weeks after onset of symptoms. The ulcers were mostly central (61.1%); wide (>5 mm) 77.8% and deep (posterior stromal) 77.8%. Microorganisms isolated from 11(61.1%) specimens were: bacteria 6 (54.5%); fungi 4 (36.4%); acanthamoeba 1 (9.1%). Bacterial isolates were: staphylococcus aureus (5.6%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.6%). Conclusion: Corneal ulcers presenting at AEFUTHA were severe (centrallylocated, wide and deep) with poor visual outcome after treatment. The microbial isolates were bacteria, fungi and acanthamoeba. Late presentation after prior self-medication was common. Public education on early hospital presentation is necessary. Corneal transplant services are also needed for visual rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023

15. A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Legate, N, Nguyen, T, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, A, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, C, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, W, Wilson, J, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, W, Richard, K, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Krizanic, V, Kadreva, V, Adoric, V, Tran, U, Yeung, S, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, M, Lima, T, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, T, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsather, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, T, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, S, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, S, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, S, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbee, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, S, Daches, S, Levine, S, Geniole, S, Akter, S, Vracar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, S, Tshonda, S, Alves, S, Pontinen, S, Solas, S, Ordonez-Riano, S, Ocovaj, S, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Coksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Geiger, S, Modares, S, Walczak, R, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Carcamo, R, Ross, R, Mccarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, E, Ryan, R, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, R, Reips, U, Reggev, N, Calin-Jagema, R, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R, Ribeiro, R, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, P, Perillo, J, Isager, P, Kacmar, P, Macapagal, P, Maniaci, M, Szwed, P, Hanel, P, Forbes, P, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, P, Kacha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, O, Galindo-Caballero, O, Ogbonnaya, C, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, N, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntouma, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, A, Martin, N, Torunsky, N, van Antwerpen, N, Van Doren, N, Sunami, N, Rachev, N, Majeed, N, Schmidt, N, Nadif, K, Corral-Frias, N, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, M, Vasilev, M, Ortiz, M, Butt, M, Kurfali, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, M, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, M, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, M, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, M, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, M, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, M, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Barria, M, Mensink, M, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, M, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovic, M, Ribeiro, M, Terskova, M, Hruska, M, Martoncik, M, Voracek, M, Cadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlova, M, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, M, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, M, Jones, M, Li, M, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, M, Varella, M, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, M, Bradford, M, Vaughn, L, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, J, Pineda, L, Matos, L, Perez, L, Lazarevic, L, Jaremka, L, Smit, E, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, L, Anton-Boicuk, L, Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, C, Micheli, L, Gunton, L, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, L, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, L, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Agesin, B, Koehn, M, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanovic, K, Thommesen, K, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjic, K, Suchow, J, Kielinska, J, Vasquez, J, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, J, Roxas, J, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, J, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, J, Olofsson, J, Vilsmeier, J, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, J, Boudesseul, J, Lee, J, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, J, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, J, Verharen, J, Hristova, E, Beshears, J, Djordjevic, J, Bosch, J, Valentova, J, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, J, Schrotter, J, Urban, J, Roer, J, Norton, J, Silva, J, Pickering, J, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, J, Ndukaihe, I, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, A, Almeida, I, Pit, I, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, A, Ihaya, K, Stephen, I, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, H, Hedgebeth, M, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, G, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, G, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, G, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, F, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Strukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, E, Baskin, E, Garcia, E, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, I, Ahn, E, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, E, Manunta, E, Agadullina, E, Sakan, D, Dursun, P, Dujols, O, Dubrov, D, Willis, M, Tumer, M, Beaudry, J, Popovic, D, Dunleavy, D, Djamai, I, Krupic, D, Herrera, D, Vega, D, Du, H, Mola, D, Chakarova, D, Davis, W, Holford, D, Lewis, D, Vaidis, D, Ozery, D, Ricaurte, D, Storage, D, Sousa, D, Alvarez, D, Boller, D, Dalla Rosa, A, Dimova, D, Marko, D, Moreau, D, Reeck, C, Correia, R, Whitt, C, Lamm, C, Solorzano, C, von Bastian, C, Sutherland, C, Overkott, C, Aberson, C, Wang, C, Niemiec, C, Karashiali, C, Noone, C, Chiu, F, Picciocchi, C, Brownlow, C, Karaarslan, C, Cellini, N, Esteban-Serna, C, Reyna, C, Ferreyra, C, Batres, C, Li, R, Grano, C, Carpentier, J, Tamnes, C, Fu, C, Ishkhanyan, B, Bylinina, L, Jaeger, B, Bundt, C, Allred, T, Vermote, B, Bokkour, A, Bogatyreva, N, Shi, J, Chopik, W, Antazo, B, Behzadnia, B, Becker, M, Bayyat, M, Cocco, B, Chou, W, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Zuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, B, Babincak, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, B, Mokady, A, Kappes, H, Atari, M, Szala, A, Szabelska, A, Aruta, J, Domurat, A, Arinze, N, Modena, A, Adiguzel, A, Monajem, A, El Arabi, K, Ozdogru, A, Rothbaum, A, Torres, A, Theodoropoulou, A, Skowronek, A, Jurkovic, A, Singh, A, Kassianos, A, Findor, A, Hartanto, A, Landry, A, Ferreira, A, Santos, A, De la Rosa-Gomez, A, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Luxon, A, Todsen, A, Karababa, A, Janak, A, Pilato, A, Bran, A, Tullett, A, Kuzminska, A, Krafnick, A, Urooj, A, Khaoudi, A, Ahmed, A, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Askelund, A, Adetula, A, Belaus, A, Charyate, A, Wichman, A, Stoyanova, A, Greenburgh, A, Thomas, A, Arvanitis, A, Forscher, P, Mallik, P, Coles, N, Miller, J, Moshontz, H, Urry, H, Ijzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, D, Ebersole, C, Chartier, C, Buchanan, E, Primbs, M, Nguyen, TV, Zsido, AN, Ceary, CD, Jang, YN, Lin, YJ, Xiao, QY, Jiang, XM, Du, XK, Ryan, WS, Wilson, JP, Collins, WM, Richard, KL, Kadreva, VH, Adoric, VC, Tran, US, Yeung, SK, Machin, MA, Lima, TJS, Sverdrup, TE, Hostler, TJ, von Bormann, SM, Janssen, SMJ, Schulenberg, SE, Drexler, SM, Levine, SL, Geniole, SN, Izquierdo, SM, Tshonda, SS, Alves, SG, Solas, SA, Ocovaj, SB, Geiger, SJ, Modares, SF, Walczak, RB, Carcamo, RA, Ross, RM, McCarthy, R, Westgate, EC, Ryan, RM, Ren, DN, Monteiro, RP, Reips, UD, Calin-Jagema, RJ, Rahal, RM, Ribeiro, RR, Chen, SC, Maturan, PLG, Perillo, JT, Isager, PM, Macapagal, PM, Maniaci, MR, Hanel, PHP, Forbes, PAG, Correa, PS, Bravo, ON, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Ogbonnaya, CE, Nock, NL, Neubauer, AB, Martin, NI, Rachev, NR, Majeed, NM, Schmidt, ND, Corral-Frias, NS, Lucas, MY, Vasilev, MR, Ortiz, MV, Butt, MM, Rivera, MDT, Maldonado, MA, Metz, MA, Bosma, MJ, Silan, MA, Gugliandolo, MC, Barria, MFE, Kurfali, MA, Mensink, MC, Dunn, MR, Ribeiro, MFF, Kohlova, MB, Lund, ML, Magrin, ME, Jones, MV, Li, MY, Ortiz, MS, van Hooff, MLM, Varella, MAC, Colloff, MF, Vaughn, LA, Lu, JG, Pineda, LMS, Perez, LC, Lazarevic, LB, Jaremka, LM, Smit, ES, Ferguson, LJ, Coelho, GLD, Levitan, CA, Gunton, LA, Delgado, LGJ, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Agesin, BBE, Koehn, MA, Thommesen, KK, Suchow, JW, Vasquez, JEC, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Roxas, JCT, Pavlacic, JM, Soto, JA, Olofsson, JK, Vilsmeier, JK, Moss, JD, Lee, JM, Joy-Gaba, JA, Miranda, JF, Verharen, JPH, Beshears, JE, Djordjevic, JM, Valentova, JV, Berkessel, JB, Roer, JP, Norton, JO, Silva, JR, Pickering, JS, Kunst, JR, Ndukaihe, ILG, Bozdoc, AI, Almeida, IAT, Pit, IL, Arinze, AI, Stephen, ID, Kocalar, HE, Hedgebeth, MV, Travaglino, GA, Marcu, GM, Adetula, GA, Kung, FYH, Bradshaw, EL, Garcia, EOL, van Steenkiste, IMM, Ahn, ER, Jackson, EA, Beaudry, JL, Du, HF, Davis, WE, Holford, DL, Lewis, DMG, Vaidis, DC, Ozery, DH, Ricaurte, DZ, Alvarez, DS, Correia, RC, Whitt, CM, Solorzano, CS, von Bastian, CC, Sutherland, CAM, Aberson, CL, Wang, CH, Niemiec, CP, Li, RR, Tamnes, CK, Fu, CHY, Allred, TB, Vermote, BJ, Shi, JX, Chopik, WJ, Bayyat, MM, Chou, WL, Balci, BB, Dixson, BJW, Kappes, HB, Aruta, JJB, Arinze, NC, El Arabi, KA, Ozdogru, AA, Rothbaum, AO, Torres, AO, Jurkovic, AP, Kassianos, AP, Landry, AT, Santos, AC, Luxon, AM, Todsen, AL, Tullett, AM, Kuzminska, AO, Krafnick, AJ, Askelund, AD, Charyate, AC, Wichman, AL, Thomas, AG, Forscher, PS, Mallik, PR, Coles, NA, Miller, JK, Urry, HL, IJzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, DM, Ebersole, CR, Chartier, CR, Buchanan, EM, Primbs, MA, Legate, N, Nguyen, T, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, A, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, C, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, W, Wilson, J, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, W, Richard, K, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Krizanic, V, Kadreva, V, Adoric, V, Tran, U, Yeung, S, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, M, Lima, T, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, T, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsather, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, T, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, S, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, S, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, S, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbee, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, S, Daches, S, Levine, S, Geniole, S, Akter, S, Vracar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, S, Tshonda, S, Alves, S, Pontinen, S, Solas, S, Ordonez-Riano, S, Ocovaj, S, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Coksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Geiger, S, Modares, S, Walczak, R, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Carcamo, R, Ross, R, Mccarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, E, Ryan, R, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, R, Reips, U, Reggev, N, Calin-Jagema, R, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R, Ribeiro, R, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, P, Perillo, J, Isager, P, Kacmar, P, Macapagal, P, Maniaci, M, Szwed, P, Hanel, P, Forbes, P, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, P, Kacha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, O, Galindo-Caballero, O, Ogbonnaya, C, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, N, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntouma, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, A, Martin, N, Torunsky, N, van Antwerpen, N, Van Doren, N, Sunami, N, Rachev, N, Majeed, N, Schmidt, N, Nadif, K, Corral-Frias, N, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, M, Vasilev, M, Ortiz, M, Butt, M, Kurfali, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, M, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, M, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, M, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, M, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, M, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, M, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Barria, M, Mensink, M, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, M, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovic, M, Ribeiro, M, Terskova, M, Hruska, M, Martoncik, M, Voracek, M, Cadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlova, M, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, M, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, M, Jones, M, Li, M, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, M, Varella, M, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, M, Bradford, M, Vaughn, L, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, J, Pineda, L, Matos, L, Perez, L, Lazarevic, L, Jaremka, L, Smit, E, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, L, Anton-Boicuk, L, Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, C, Micheli, L, Gunton, L, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, L, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, L, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Agesin, B, Koehn, M, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanovic, K, Thommesen, K, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjic, K, Suchow, J, Kielinska, J, Vasquez, J, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, J, Roxas, J, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, J, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, J, Olofsson, J, Vilsmeier, J, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, J, Boudesseul, J, Lee, J, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, J, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, J, Verharen, J, Hristova, E, Beshears, J, Djordjevic, J, Bosch, J, Valentova, J, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, J, Schrotter, J, Urban, J, Roer, J, Norton, J, Silva, J, Pickering, J, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, J, Ndukaihe, I, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, A, Almeida, I, Pit, I, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, A, Ihaya, K, Stephen, I, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, H, Hedgebeth, M, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, G, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, G, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, G, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, F, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Strukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, E, Baskin, E, Garcia, E, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, I, Ahn, E, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, E, Manunta, E, Agadullina, E, Sakan, D, Dursun, P, Dujols, O, Dubrov, D, Willis, M, Tumer, M, Beaudry, J, Popovic, D, Dunleavy, D, Djamai, I, Krupic, D, Herrera, D, Vega, D, Du, H, Mola, D, Chakarova, D, Davis, W, Holford, D, Lewis, D, Vaidis, D, Ozery, D, Ricaurte, D, Storage, D, Sousa, D, Alvarez, D, Boller, D, Dalla Rosa, A, Dimova, D, Marko, D, Moreau, D, Reeck, C, Correia, R, Whitt, C, Lamm, C, Solorzano, C, von Bastian, C, Sutherland, C, Overkott, C, Aberson, C, Wang, C, Niemiec, C, Karashiali, C, Noone, C, Chiu, F, Picciocchi, C, Brownlow, C, Karaarslan, C, Cellini, N, Esteban-Serna, C, Reyna, C, Ferreyra, C, Batres, C, Li, R, Grano, C, Carpentier, J, Tamnes, C, Fu, C, Ishkhanyan, B, Bylinina, L, Jaeger, B, Bundt, C, Allred, T, Vermote, B, Bokkour, A, Bogatyreva, N, Shi, J, Chopik, W, Antazo, B, Behzadnia, B, Becker, M, Bayyat, M, Cocco, B, Chou, W, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Zuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, B, Babincak, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, B, Mokady, A, Kappes, H, Atari, M, Szala, A, Szabelska, A, Aruta, J, Domurat, A, Arinze, N, Modena, A, Adiguzel, A, Monajem, A, El Arabi, K, Ozdogru, A, Rothbaum, A, Torres, A, Theodoropoulou, A, Skowronek, A, Jurkovic, A, Singh, A, Kassianos, A, Findor, A, Hartanto, A, Landry, A, Ferreira, A, Santos, A, De la Rosa-Gomez, A, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Luxon, A, Todsen, A, Karababa, A, Janak, A, Pilato, A, Bran, A, Tullett, A, Kuzminska, A, Krafnick, A, Urooj, A, Khaoudi, A, Ahmed, A, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Askelund, A, Adetula, A, Belaus, A, Charyate, A, Wichman, A, Stoyanova, A, Greenburgh, A, Thomas, A, Arvanitis, A, Forscher, P, Mallik, P, Coles, N, Miller, J, Moshontz, H, Urry, H, Ijzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, D, Ebersole, C, Chartier, C, Buchanan, E, Primbs, M, Nguyen, TV, Zsido, AN, Ceary, CD, Jang, YN, Lin, YJ, Xiao, QY, Jiang, XM, Du, XK, Ryan, WS, Wilson, JP, Collins, WM, Richard, KL, Kadreva, VH, Adoric, VC, Tran, US, Yeung, SK, Machin, MA, Lima, TJS, Sverdrup, TE, Hostler, TJ, von Bormann, SM, Janssen, SMJ, Schulenberg, SE, Drexler, SM, Levine, SL, Geniole, SN, Izquierdo, SM, Tshonda, SS, Alves, SG, Solas, SA, Ocovaj, SB, Geiger, SJ, Modares, SF, Walczak, RB, Carcamo, RA, Ross, RM, McCarthy, R, Westgate, EC, Ryan, RM, Ren, DN, Monteiro, RP, Reips, UD, Calin-Jagema, RJ, Rahal, RM, Ribeiro, RR, Chen, SC, Maturan, PLG, Perillo, JT, Isager, PM, Macapagal, PM, Maniaci, MR, Hanel, PHP, Forbes, PAG, Correa, PS, Bravo, ON, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Ogbonnaya, CE, Nock, NL, Neubauer, AB, Martin, NI, Rachev, NR, Majeed, NM, Schmidt, ND, Corral-Frias, NS, Lucas, MY, Vasilev, MR, Ortiz, MV, Butt, MM, Rivera, MDT, Maldonado, MA, Metz, MA, Bosma, MJ, Silan, MA, Gugliandolo, MC, Barria, MFE, Kurfali, MA, Mensink, MC, Dunn, MR, Ribeiro, MFF, Kohlova, MB, Lund, ML, Magrin, ME, Jones, MV, Li, MY, Ortiz, MS, van Hooff, MLM, Varella, MAC, Colloff, MF, Vaughn, LA, Lu, JG, Pineda, LMS, Perez, LC, Lazarevic, LB, Jaremka, LM, Smit, ES, Ferguson, LJ, Coelho, GLD, Levitan, CA, Gunton, LA, Delgado, LGJ, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Agesin, BBE, Koehn, MA, Thommesen, KK, Suchow, JW, Vasquez, JEC, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Roxas, JCT, Pavlacic, JM, Soto, JA, Olofsson, JK, Vilsmeier, JK, Moss, JD, Lee, JM, Joy-Gaba, JA, Miranda, JF, Verharen, JPH, Beshears, JE, Djordjevic, JM, Valentova, JV, Berkessel, JB, Roer, JP, Norton, JO, Silva, JR, Pickering, JS, Kunst, JR, Ndukaihe, ILG, Bozdoc, AI, Almeida, IAT, Pit, IL, Arinze, AI, Stephen, ID, Kocalar, HE, Hedgebeth, MV, Travaglino, GA, Marcu, GM, Adetula, GA, Kung, FYH, Bradshaw, EL, Garcia, EOL, van Steenkiste, IMM, Ahn, ER, Jackson, EA, Beaudry, JL, Du, HF, Davis, WE, Holford, DL, Lewis, DMG, Vaidis, DC, Ozery, DH, Ricaurte, DZ, Alvarez, DS, Correia, RC, Whitt, CM, Solorzano, CS, von Bastian, CC, Sutherland, CAM, Aberson, CL, Wang, CH, Niemiec, CP, Li, RR, Tamnes, CK, Fu, CHY, Allred, TB, Vermote, BJ, Shi, JX, Chopik, WJ, Bayyat, MM, Chou, WL, Balci, BB, Dixson, BJW, Kappes, HB, Aruta, JJB, Arinze, NC, El Arabi, KA, Ozdogru, AA, Rothbaum, AO, Torres, AO, Jurkovic, AP, Kassianos, AP, Landry, AT, Santos, AC, Luxon, AM, Todsen, AL, Tullett, AM, Kuzminska, AO, Krafnick, AJ, Askelund, AD, Charyate, AC, Wichman, AL, Thomas, AG, Forscher, PS, Mallik, PR, Coles, NA, Miller, JK, Urry, HL, IJzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, DM, Ebersole, CR, Chartier, CR, Buchanan, EM, and Primbs, MA

Abstract

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This crosscountry, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one's core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people's existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges.

Published
2022

16. In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries

Author

Dorison, C. A., Lerner, J. S., Heller, B. H., Rothman, A. J., Kawachi, I. I., Wang, K., Rees, V. W., Gill, B. P., Gibbs, N., Ebersole, C. R., Vally, Z., Tajchman, Z., Zsido, A. N., Zrimsek, M., Chen, Z., Ziano, I., Gialitaki, Z., Ceary, C. D., Jang, Y., Lin, Y., Kunisato, Y., Yamada, Y., Xiao, Q., Jiang, X., Du, X., Yao, E., Ryan, W., Wilson, J. P., Cyrus-Lai, W., Jimenez-Leal, W., Law, W., Unanue, W., Collins, W. M., Richard, K. L., Vranka, M., Ankushev, V., Schei, V., DePaola, C., Lerche, V., Kovic, V., Križanić, V., Kadreva, V. H., Adoric, V. C., Tran, U. S., Yeung, S. K., Hassan, W., Houston, R., Machin, M. A., Lima, T. J. S., Ostermann, T., Frizzo, T., Sverdrup, T. E., House, T., Gill, T., Fedotov, M., Paltrow, T., Jernsäther, T., Rahman, T., Machin, T., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M., Hostler, T. J., Ishii, T., Szaszi, B., Adamus, S., Suter, L., von Bormann, S. M., Habib, S., Studzinska, A., Stojanovska, D., Janssen, S. M. J., Stieger, S., Schulenberg, S. E., Tatachari, S., Azouaghe, S., Sorokowski, P., Sorokowska, A., Song, X., Morbée, S., Lewis, S. C., Sinkolova, S., Grigoryev, D., Drexler, S. M., Daches, S., Levine, S. L., Geniole, S. N., Akter, S., Vračar, S., Massoni, S., Costa, S., Zorjan, S., Sarıoğuz, E., Morales Izquierdo, S., Tshonda, S. S., Alves, S. G., Pöntinen, S., Álvarez Solas, S., Ordoñez-Riaño, S., Batić Očovaj, S., Onie, S., Lins, S., Biberauer, T., Çoksan, S., Khumkom, S., Sacakli, A., Ruiz-Fernández, S., Geiger, S. J., FatahModares, S., Walczak, R. B., Betlehem, R., Vilar, R., Doekemeijer, R., Cárcamo, R., Ross, R. M., McCarthy, R., Ballantyne, T., Westgate, E. C., Gargurevich, R., Afhami, R., Ren, D., Monteiro, R. P., Reips, U-D., Reggev, N., Calin-Jageman, R. J., Pourafshari, R., London, R., Oliveira, R., Nedelcheva-Datsova, M., Rahal, R-M., Ribeiro, R. R., Radtke, T., Searston, R., Jai-ai, R., Habte, R., Zdybek, P., Chen, S-C., Wajanatinapart, P., Maturan, P. L. G., Perillo, J. T., Isager, P. M., Kačmár, P., Macapagal, P. M., Maniaci, M. R., Szwed, P., Hanel, P. H. P., Forbes, P. A. G., Arriaga, P., Paris, B., Parashar, N., Papachristopoulos, K., Sebastián-Correa, P., Kácha, O., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., Niño Bravo, O., Galindo-Caballero, O. J., Ogbonnaya, C. E., Bialobrzeska, O., Kiselnikova, N., Simonovic, N., Cohen, N., Nock, N. L., Hernandez, A., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Ntoumanis, N., Johannes, N., Albayrak-Aydemir, N., Say, N., Neubauer, A. B., Martin, N. I., Torunsky, N., van Antwerpen, N., Van Doren, N., Sunami, N., Rachev, N. R., Majeed, N. M., Schmidt, N-D., Nadif, K., Corral-Frías, N. S., Ouherrou, N., Abbas, N., Pantazi, M., Lucas, M. Y., Vasilev, Martin R., Ortiz, M. V., Butt, M. M., Kurfali, M., Kabir, M., Muda, R., Tejada Rivera, M. C., Sirota, M., Seehuus, M., Parzuchowski, M., Toro, M., Hricova, M., Alarcón Maldonado, M., Rentzelas, P., Vansteenkiste, M., Metz, M. A., Marszalek, M., Karekla, M., Mioni, G., Bosma, M. J., Westerlund, M., Vdovic, M., Bialek, M., Silan, M. A., Anne, M., Misiak, M., Gugliandolo, M. C., Grinberg, M., Capizzi, M., Espinoza Barría, M. F., Kurfali, M. A., Mensink, M. C., Harutyunyan, M., Khosla, M., Dunn, M. R., Korbmacher, M., Adamkovič, M., Ribeiro, M. F. F., Terskova, M., Hruška, M., Martončik, M., Jansen, M., Voracek, M., Čadek, M., Frias-Armenta, M., Kowal, M., Topor, M., Roczniewska, M., Oosterlinck, M., Braun Kohlová, M., Paruzel-Czachura, M., Sabristov, M., Romanova, M., Papadatou-Pastou, M., Lund, M. L., Antoniadi, M., Magrin, M. E., Jones, M. V., Ortiz, M. S., Manavalan, M., Muminov, A., Kossowska, M., Friedemann, M., Wielgus, M., van Hooff, M. L. M., Varella, M. A. C., Standage, M., Nicolotti, M., Colloff, M. F., Bradford, M., Vaughn, L. A., Eudave, L., Vieira, L., Sanabria Pineda, L. M., Matos, L., Calderón Pérez, L., Lazarevic, L. B., Jaremka, L. M., Smit, E. S., Kushnir, E., Ferguson, L. J., Anton-Boicuk, L., Lins de Holanda Coelho, G., Ahlgren, L., Liga, F., Levitan, C. A., Micheli, L., Gunton, L-A., Volz, L., Stojanovska, M., Boucher, L., Samojlenko, L., Javela Delgado, L. G., Kaliska, L., Labadi, B., Warmelink, L., Rojas-Berscia, L. M., Yu, K., Wylie, K., Wachowicz, J., Desai, K., Barzykowski, K., Kozma, L., Evans, K., Kirgizova, K., Agesin, B. E., Koehn, M. A., Wolfe, K., Korobova, T., Morris, K., Klevjer, K., van Schie, K., Vezirian, K., Damnjanović, K., Krabbe Thommesen, K., Schmidt, K., Filip, K., Staniaszek, K., Grzech, K., Hoyer, K., Moon, K., Khaobunmasiri, S., Rana, K., Janjić, K., Suchow, J. W., Kielińska, J., Cruz Vásquez, J. E., Chanal, J., Beitner, J., Vargas-Nieto, J. C., Roxas, J. C. T., Taber, J., Urriago-Rayo, J., Pavlacic, J. M., Benka, J., Bavolar, J., Soto, J. A., Olofsson, J. K., Vilsmeier, J. K., Messerschmidt, J., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Waterschoot, J., Moss, J. D., Boudesseul, J., Lee, J. M., Kamburidis, J., Joy-Gaba, J. A., Zickfeld, J., Miranda, J. F., Verharen, J. P. H., Hristova, E., Beshears, J. E., Đorđević, J. M., Bosch, J., Valentova, J. V., Antfolk, J., Berkessel, J. B., Schrötter, J., Urban, J., Röer, J. P., Norton, J. O., Silva, J. R., Pickering, J. S., Vintr, J., Uttley, J., Kunst, J. R., Ndukaihe, I. L. G., Iyer, A., Vilares, I., Ivanov, A., Ropovik, I., Sula, I., Sarieva, I., Metin-Orta, I., Prusova, I., Pinto, I., Bozdoc, A. I., Almeida, I. A. T., Pit, I. L., Dalgar, I., Zakharov, I., Arinze, A. I., Ihaya, K., Stephen, I. D., Gjoneska, B., Brohmer, H., Flowe, H., Godbersen, H., Kocalar, H. E., Hedgebeth, M. V., Chuan-Peng, H., Sharifian, M. H., Manley, H., Akkas, H., Hajdu, N., Azab, H., Kaminski, G., Nilsonne, G., Anjum, G., Travaglino, G. A., Feldman, G., Pfuhl, G., Czarnek, G., Marcu, G. M., Hofer, G., Banik, G., Adetula, G. A., Bijlstra, G., Verbruggen, F., Kung, F. Y. H., Martela, F., Foroni, F., Forest, J., Singer, G., Muchembled, F., Azevedo, F., Mosannenzadeh, F., Marinova, E., Štrukelj, E., Etebari, Z., Baskin, E., Garcia, E. O. L., Musser, E., van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Bradshaw, E. L., Ahn, E. R., Quested, E., Pronizius, E., Jackson, E. A., Manunta, E., Agadullina, E., Šakan, D., Dursun, P., Dujols, O., Dubrov, D., Willis, M., Tümer, M., Beaudry, J. L., Popović, D., Dunleavy, D., Djamai, I., Krupić, D., Herrera, D., Vega, D., Du, H., Mola, D., Chakarova, D., Davis, W. E., Holford, D. L., Lewis, D. M. G., Vaidis, D. C., Hausman Ozery, D., Zambrano Ricaurte, D., Storage, D., Sousa, D., Serrato Alvarez, D., Boller, D., Dalla Rosa, A., Dimova, D., Marko, D., Moreau, D., Reeck, C., Correia, R. C., Whitt, C. M., Lamm, C., Singh Solorzano, C., von Bastian, C.C., Sutherland, C. A. M., Overkott, C., Aberson, C. L., Wang, C., Niemiec, C. P., Reimer, C., Karashiali, C., Noone, C., Chiu, F., Picciocchi, C., Eben, C., Brownlow, C., Karaarslan, C., Cellini, N., Esteban-Serna, C., Reyna, C., Ferreyra, C., Batres, C., Li, R., Grano, C., Carpentier, J., Tamnes, C. K., Fu, C. H. Y., Ishkhanyan, B., Bylinina, L., Jaeger, B., Bundt, C., Bulut Allred, T., Vermote, B. J., Bokkour, A., Bogatyreva, N., Shi, J., Chopik, W. J., Antazo, B., Becker, M., Bayyat, M. M., Cocco, B., Chou, W-L., Barkoukis, V., Aczel, B., Baklanova, E., Bai, H., Balci, B. B., Babinčák, P., Soenens, B., Dixson, B. J. W., Mokady, A., Kappes, H. B., Atari, M., Szala, A., Szabelska, A., Aruta, J. J. B., Domurat, A., Arinze, N. C., Modena, A., Adiguzel, A., Monajem, A., El Arabi, K. A., Özdoğru, A. A., Rothbaum, A. O., Torres, A. J. O., Theodoropoulou, A., Skowronek, A., Jurković, A. P., Singh, A., Kassianos, A. P., Findor, A., Hartanto, A., Thibault Landry, A., Ferreira, A., Caetano Santos, A., De la Rosa-Gomez, A., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A., Luxon, A. M., Todsen, A. L., Karababa, A., Janak, A., Pilato, A., Bran, A., Tullett, A. M., Kuzminska, A. O., Krafnick, A. J., Urooj, A., Khaoudi, A., Ahmed, A., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Askelund, A. D., Adetula, A., Belaus, A., Charyate, A. C., Wichman, A. L., Stoyanova, A., Greenburgh, A., Thomas, A. G., Arvanitis, A., Forscher, P. S., Mallik, P. R., Primbs, M. A., Miller, J. K., Moshontz, H., Urry, H. L., IJzerman, H., Basnight-Brown, D. M., Chartier, C. R., Buchanan, E. M., Coles, N. A., MÜ, Eğitim Fakültesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Bölümü, Kocalar, Halil Emre, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, Organizational Psychology, Jernsäther, Teodor [0000-0002-7030-3299], Tatachari, Srinivasan [0000-0003-1838-2361], Geiger, Sandra J [0000-0002-3262-5609], Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa [0000-0001-5271-111X], Varella, Marco A C [0000-0002-7274-7360], Stephen, Ian D [0000-0001-9714-8295], Kaminski, Gwenael [0000-0001-5300-5655], Bai, Hui [0000-0003-2671-5955], Coles, Nicholas A [0000-0001-8583-5610], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Center Ph. D. Students, Department of Social Psychology, Tilburg University, and Medical and Clinical Psychology

Subjects
Nudges, Behaviour Change and Well-being, ddc:150, 230 Affective Neuroscience, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, message framing, anxiety, nudges, COVID-19, Message framing, General Medicine, Anxiety
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 284232.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., "If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others") or potential gains (e.g., "If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others")? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions. 26 p.

Published
2022
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17. Erratum: Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic (Nature human behaviour (2021) 5 8 (1089-1110))

Author

Wang, K., Goldenberg, A., Dorison, C. A., Miller, J. K., Uusberg, A., Lerner, J. S., Gross, J. J., Agesin, B. B., Bernardo, M., Campos, O., Eudave, L., Grzech, K., Ozery, D. H., Jackson, E. A., Garcia, E. O. L., Drexler, S. M., Jurkovic, A. P., Rana, K., Wilson, J. P., Antoniadi, M., Desai, K., Gialitaki, Z., Kushnir, E., Nadif, K., Bravo, O. N., Nauman, R., Oosterlinck, M., Pantazi, M., Pilecka, N., Szabelska, A., van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Filip, K., Bozdoc, A. I., Marcu, G. M., Agadullina, E., Adamkovic, M., Roczniewska, M., Reyna, C., Kassianos, A. P., Westerlund, M., Ahlgren, L., Pontinen, S., Adetula, G. A., Dursun, P., Arinze, A. I., Arinze, N. C., Ogbonnaya, C. E., Ndukaihe, I. L. G., Dalgar, I., Akkas, H., Macapagal, P. M., Lewis, S., Metin-Orta, I., Foroni, F., Willis, M., Santos, A. C., Mokady, A., Reggev, N., Kurfali, M. A., Vasilev, M. R., Nock, N. L., Parzuchowski, M., Espinoza Barria, M. F., Vranka, M., Kohlova, M. B., Ropovik, I., Harutyunyan, M., Wang, C., Yao, E., Becker, M., Manunta, E., Kaminski, G., Boudesseul, J., Marko, D., Evans, K., Lewis, D. M. G., Findor, A., Landry, A. T., Aruta, J. J. B., Ortiz, M. S., Vally, Z., Pronizius, E., Voracek, M., Lamm, C., Grinberg, M., Li, R., Valentova, J. V., Mioni, G., Cellini, N., Chen, S. -C., Zickfeld, J., Moon, K., Azab, H., Levy, N., Karababa, A., Beaudry, J. L., Boucher, L., Collins, W. M., Todsen, A. L., van Schie, K., Vintr, J., Bavolar, J., Kaliska, L., Krizanic, V., Samojlenko, L., Pourafshari, R., Geiger, S. J., Beitner, J., Warmelink, L., Ross, R. M., Stephen, I. D., Hostler, T. J., Azouaghe, S., Mccarthy, R., Szala, A., Grano, C., Solorzano, C. S., Anjum, G., Jimenez-Leal, W., Bradford, M., Perez, L. C., Cruz Vasquez, J. E., Galindo-Caballero, O. J., Vargas-Nieto, J. C., Kacha, O., Arvanitis, A., Xiao, Q., Carcamo, R., Zorjan, S., Tajchman, Z., Vilares, I., Pavlacic, J. M., Kunst, J. R., Tamnes, C. K., von Bastian, C. C., Atari, M., Sharifian, M., Hricova, M., Kacmar, P., Schrotter, J., Rahal, R. -M., Cohen, N., Fatahmodares, S., Zrimsek, M., Zakharov, I., Koehn, M. A., Esteban-Serna, C., Calin-Jageman, R. J., Krafnick, A. J., Strukelj, E., Isager, P. M., Urban, J., Silva, J. R., Martoncik, M., Ocovaj, S. B., Sakan, D., Kuzminska, A. O., Djordjevic, J. M., Almeida, I. A. T., Ferreira, A., Lazarevic, L. B., Manley, H., Ricaurte, D. Z., Monteiro, R. P., Etabari, Z., Musser, E., Dunleavy, D., Chou, W., Godbersen, H., Ruiz-Fernandez, S., Reeck, C., Batres, C., Kirgizova, K., Muminov, A., Azevedo, F., Alvarez, D. S., Butt, M. M., Lee, J. M., Chen, Z., Verbruggen, F., Ziano, I., Tumer, M., Charyate, A. C. A., Dubrov, D., Tejada Rivera, M. D. C. M. C., Aberson, C., Palfi, B., Maldonado, M. A., Hubena, B., Sacakli, A., Ceary, C. D., Richard, K. L., Singer, G., Perillo, J. T., Ballantyne, T., Cyrus-Lai, W., Fedotov, M., Du, H., Wielgus, M., Pit, I. L., Hruska, M., Sousa, D., Aczel, B., Hajdu, N., Szaszi, B., Adamus, S., Barzykowski, K., Micheli, L., Schmidt, N. -D., Zsido, A. N., Paruzel-Czachura, M., Muda, R., Bialek, M., Kowal, M., Sorokowska, A., Misiak, M., Mola, D., Ortiz, M. V., Correa, P. S., Belaus, A., Muchembled, F., Ribeiro, R. R., Arriaga, P., Oliveira, R., Vaughn, L. A., Szwed, P., Kossowska, M., Czarnek, G., Kielinska, J., Antazo, B., Betlehem, R., Stieger, S., Nilsonne, G., Simonovic, N., Taber, J., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A., Domurat, A., Ihaya, K., Yamada, Y., Urooj, A., Gill, T., Cadek, M., Bylinina, L., Messerschmidt, J., Kurfali, M., Adetula, A., Baklanova, E., Albayrak-Aydemir, N., Kappes, H. B., Gjoneska, B., House, T., Jones, M. V., Berkessel, J. B., Chopik, W. J., Coksan, S., Seehuus, M., Khaoudi, A., Bokkour, A., El Arabi, K. A., Djamai, I., Iyer, A., Parashar, N., Adiguzel, A., Kocalar, H. E., Bundt, C., Norton, J. O., Papadatou-Pastou, M., De la Rosa-Gomez, A., Ankushev, V., Bogatyreva, N., Grigoryev, D., Ivanov, A., Prusova, I., Romanova, M., Sarieva, I., Terskova, M., Hristova, E., Kadreva, V. H., Janak, A., Schei, V., Sverdrup, T. E., Askelund, A. D., Pineda, L. M. S., Krupic, D., Levitan, C. A., Johannes, N., Ouherrou, N., Say, N., Sinkolova, S., Janjic, K., Stojanovska, M., Stojanovska, D., Khosla, M., Thomas, A. G., Kung, F. Y. H., Bijlstra, G., Mosannenzadeh, F., Balci, B. B., Reips, U. -D., Baskin, E., Ishkhanyan, B., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Dixson, B. J. W., Moreau, D., Sutherland, C. A. M., Chuan-Peng, H., Noone, C., Flowe, H., Anne, M., Janssen, S. M. J., Topor, M., Majeed, N. M., Kunisato, Y., Yu, K., Daches, S., Hartanto, A., Vdovic, M., Anton-Boicuk, L., Forbes, P. A. G., Kamburidis, J., Marinova, E., Nedelcheva-Datsova, M., Rachev, N. R., Stoyanova, A., Schmidt, K., Suchow, J. W., Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M., Jernsather, T., Olofsson, J. K., Bialobrzeska, O., Marszalek, M., Tatachari, S., Afhami, R., Law, W., Antfolk, J., Zuro, B., Van Doren, N., Soto, J. A., Searston, R., Miranda, J., Damnjanovic, K., Yeung, S. K., Hoyer, K., Jaeger, B., Ren, D., Pfuhl, G., Klevjer, K., Corral-Frias, N. S., Frias-Armenta, M., Lucas, M. Y., Torres, A. O., Toro, M., Delgado, L. G. J., Vega, D., Solas, S. A., Vilar, R., Massoni, S., Frizzo, T., Bran, A., Vaidis, D. C., Vieira, L., Paris, B., Capizzi, M., Coelho, G. L. H., Greenburgh, A., Whitt, C. M., Tullett, A. M., Du, X., Volz, L., Bosma, M. J., Karaarslan, C., Sarioguz, E., Allred, T. B., Korbmacher, M., Colloff, M. F., Lima, T. J. S., Ribeiro, M. F. F., Verharen, J. P. H., Karekla, M., Karashiali, C., Sunami, N., Jaremka, L. M., Storage, D., Habib, S., Studzinska, A., Hanel, P. H. P., Holford, D. L., Sirota, M., Wolfe, K., Chiu, F., Theodoropoulou, A., Ahn, E. R., Lin, Y., Westgate, E. C., Brohmer, H., Hofer, G., Dujols, O., Vezirian, K., Feldman, G., Travaglino, G. A., Ahmed, A., Li, M., Bosch, J., Torunsky, N., Bai, H., Manavalan, M., Song, X., Walczak, R. B., Zdybek, P., Friedemann, M., Rosa, A. D., Kozma, L., Alves, S. G., Lins, S., Pinto, I. R., Correia, R. C., Babincak, P., Banik, G., Rojas-Berscia, L. M., Varella, M. A. C., Uttley, J., Beshears, J. E., Thommesen, K. K., Behzadnia, B., Geniole, S. N., Silan, M. A., Maturan, P. L. G., Vilsmeier, J. K., Tran, U. S., Izquierdo, S. M., Mensink, M. C., Sorokowski, P., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Radtke, T., Adoric, V. C., Carpentier, J., Ozdogru, A. A., Joy-Gaba, J. A., Hedgebeth, M. V., Ishii, T., Wichman, A. L., Roer, J. P., Ostermann, T., Davis, W. E., Suter, L., Papachristopoulos, K., Zabel, C., Onie, S., Ebersole, C. R., Chartier, C. R., Mallik, P. R., Urry, H. L., Buchanan, E. M., Coles, N. A., Primbs, M. A., Basnight-Brown, D. M., Ijzerman, H., Forscher, P. S., and Moshontz, H.

Published
2022

19. Compliance with diabetes guidelines at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author

Okoroma J. Igbojiaku, Ogbonnaya C. Harbor, and Andrew Ross

Subjects
diabetes, guidelines, compliance, Medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Background: Diabetes is a major problem in South Africa and throughout the world. Themanagement of type 2 diabetes aims at maintaining normoglycaemia and preventing thedevelopment of complications arising from diabetes. The Society for Endocrine Metabolismand Diabetes of South Africa (SEMDSA) guidelines are based on a number of internationaltrials which showed that strict control of blood sugar leads to a reduction in the developmentof diabetic complications. However, many studies have shown poor adherence to nationalguidelines by doctors caring for diabetes patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess doctors’ compliance with the SEMDSA diabetesguidelines at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal.Method: Seven hundred and fifty diabetic patient records were selected by systematicsampling of cases from the diabetic clinic and reviewed against SEMDSA guidelines. Results: Eighty three per cent of the patients had high values of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c).Lipid examination was rarely performed, and comprehensive foot examination was carriedout in only 6% of patients. Although blood pressure and weight were regularly checked,these examinations were performed by the nursing staff, and medical staff generally did notrespond to abnormal results. Conclusion: This study demonstrates poor compliance with current diabetic guidelines. Thereis an urgent need to review how guidelines are disseminated and implemented in South Africanpublic sector hospitals if evidence-based guidelines are to have any impact on patient care.

Published
2013
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23. HRM Practices, Employee Well-Being, and Organizational Performance

Author

Brough, Paula, Gardiner, Elliroma, Daniels, Kevin, Ogbonnaya, C., Aryee, S., Brough, Paula, Gardiner, Elliroma, Daniels, Kevin, Ogbonnaya, C., and Aryee, S.

Abstract

In this chapter, we discussed the accumulating evidence on what constitutes an HRM system as well as how, why, and when it influences organizational performance and employee well-being. To this end, we reviewed the two competing configurations of HRM systems (integrationist and isolationist) as well as the resource-based view (RBV) and ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) perspectives in accounting for the performance effects of HRM systems. To counterbalance the predominant performance focus in HRM research, we reviewed the critical perspective that highlights the deleterious consequences of HRM systems on employee well-being. To resolve these research contradictions and drawing on the notion of workforce sustainability, we reviewed the mutual gains perspective and questioned the applicability of the AMO perspective. We, instead, suggested social exchange and self-determination theories as an appropriate theoretical lens with which to account for the performance and well-being outcomes of HRM systems. We concluded by calling for future research to be grounded in the mutual gains perspective and for its rigorousness to be enhanced by addressing issues of level of analysis and causality.

Published
2020

25. Relationship between carrot intake, dietary/circulating α-carotene and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective observational studies.

Author

Ojobor, C.C, O'Brien, G.M, Siervo, M., Ogbonnaya, C., and Brandt, K.

Abstract

Carrot consumption reduces tumour development in several animal models. The constituent alpha- carotene has not by itself shown anti-cancer properties, however carrots typically provide >85% of alpha-carotene dietary intake(1 - 3), justifying its use as an indicator of carrot intake(3). We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate inverse associations of carrot/dietary α-carotene intakes and cancer risk, and to quantify potential dose–response relationships. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO, and JSTOR were searched (from database inception to August 2021) for studies reporting risk estimates with 95% CIs for the relationship between carrot intake or α-carotene and cancer risk. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model comparing highest and lowest intakes to estimate summary risk estimates (RRs). Of 80 prospective studies included, 15 (with 25738 cases) reported data on carrot intake, 35 (26262 cases) on dietary α-carotene intake and 30 (9331 cases) on plasma α-carotene levels. A significantly (P<0.01) decreased risk of overall cancer was associated with carrot intake (RR = 0·90), dietary α- carotene intake (RR = 0·90) and plasma α-carotene (RR = 0·80). In addition, both carrot intake and plasma α-carotene level manifested linear dose-response relationships with cancer risk, with increasing carrot intake reaching 20% risk reduction at 5 servings (400g) per week (p < 0·0001),and successive 50μg/L increments in plasma α-carotene associated with 11% risk reduction (p < 0·0058). Carrot consumption is robustly associated with decreased cancer risk. Carrot consumption should be encouraged, and the causal mechanisms further investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. Democratisation of wellbeing: stakeholder perspectives on policy priorities for improving national wellbeing through paid employment and adult learning

Author

Daniels, K., Connolly, S., Ogbonnaya, C., Tregaskis, O., Bryan, M.L., Robinson-Pant, A., and Street, J.

Abstract

Recent policy initiatives in the UK have heightened the degree to which wellbeing can be considered a political construct: The acceptance of different policy options for wellbeing depends on the extent to which those options are responsive to popular wellbeing concerns. Drawing on the views of over 400 people gathered through a variety of methods and across the UK, we outline different stakeholder views of what wellbeing is and the priorities that stakeholders believe should be addressed to improve wellbeing. We draw out the implications for reframing policy debates around wellbeing, the practice of career guidance, academic debates around identified wellbeing priorities, and the best means of developing a policy and a practice-oriented and stakeholder-responsive approach to researching wellbeing.

Published
2018

30. Optimal Plantwide Process Control Applied to the Tennessee Eastman Problem

Author

Antonio Jha and Ogbonnaya C. Okorafor

Subjects
Control theory, Computer science, General Chemical Engineering, Control (management), Process (computing), Control variable, Process control, General Chemistry, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Abstract

A new plantwide control (PWC) structure procedure is proposed and tested on the Tennessee Eastman (TE) problem. The goal of developing a plantwide control procedure is to enable control engineers to design a process control structure that will run the plant safely and achieve the economic objective of the process. The control structure developed in this study utilizes the self-optimizing control strategy of Skogestad [Comput. Chem. Eng. 2004, 28, 219−234], with an emphasis on elucidation of lower layers in the bottom-up section. It is then tested on the TE problem. For the TE problem, the control variables used for optimization are the stripper steam valve, recycle valve, agitation rate, reactor temperature, reactor pressure, reactor level, and composition B in purge. The control structure developed achieved all the control objectives at each stage including self-optimizing control. The procedure uses mathematical tools such as the generalized relative gain array (GRGA) coupled with steady state simulation.

Published
2013
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32. A mutual gains perspective on workplace partnership: Employee outcomes and the mediating role of the employment relations climate

Author

Valizade, D., Ogbonnaya, C., Tregaskis, O., and Forde, C.

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION
Abstract

Recent years have witnessed increased research on the role of workplace partnership in promoting positive employment relations. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of the partnership experiences of employees. This article examines how the kinds of attributions employees make regarding indirect (union-based) and direct (non-union-based) employee participation in workplace partnership might influence the process of mutual gains. It uses employee outcomes to reflect partnership gains for all stakeholders involved (i.e. employees, employers and trade unions). The article contributes to existing knowledge of workplace partnership by examining the potential role of the employment relations climate as an enabling mechanism for the process of mutual gains. The findings suggest mutual gains for all stakeholders are varied and mediated through the employment relations climate.

Published
2016

34. Prevalence of Refractive errors in Primary school children in a rural community in Ebonyi state of Nigeria

Author

Ogbonnaya, C, Ogbonnaya, L, Okoye, O, and Ezeanosike, E

Subjects
Nigeria, Refractive error, Rural, school children
Abstract

Background: Globally, refractive error is a common cause of visual impairment in the paediatric age group. However, no previous vision screening study among primary schools children has been reported in Ebonyi State, South-Eastern Nigeria. This study aimed to screen primary school children in two rural primary schools in Nchokko Community of Igbeagu Izzi, Ebonyi State for refractive errors.Subjects and Methods This was point prevalence, cross- sectional study of all primary school children in the two primary schools at Nchokko community of Igbeagu village of Izzi local government area of Ebonyi State. The study population consists of all pupils present during the school eye health visit to this community on the 6th of March 2012.Results There was a total of 213 pupils comprising of 107 males and 106 females (Ratio, 1:1) ages ranged from 5-15 years with a mean age of 9.6 ± 2.7 years. Refractive error was found in 2 patients (0.9%).Conclusion: The Prevalence of Refractive Error in the two rural primary schools at Nchokko community of Igbeagu village of Izzi Local Government Area of EbonyiState.was 0.9%.Key words: Nigeria, Refractive error, Rural, school children.

Published
2015

35. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of the Stem Bark of Yellow Flamboyant (Peltophorum pterocarpum).

Author

OGBEIDE, O. K., OGBONNAYA, C. J., ASAKITIKPI, E., UYI, D. O., ALUGE, B. O., NOSAKHARE, O., OTAHAGWA, W. O., EHIGIE, C. A., OMORUYI, U., OMORUYI, O. S., and GABRIEL, B. O.

Abstract

Peltophorum pterocarpum (family; Fabaceae) is an evergreen perennial crop grown in tropical gardens. Different parts of this tree are being used for the management of many diseases. This study investigated the acute toxicity, analgesic and anti-inflammatory potentials of n-hexane extract of P. pterocarpum stem bark. Acute oral toxicity of n-hexane extract of P. pterocarpum stem bark was investigated using standard method. Analgesic activity was investigated by using acetic acid-induced writhing model, using indomethacin as a reference drug. Antiinflammatory activity of n-hexane extract of P. pterocarpum stem bark was investigated by using formalin-induced paw licking model, using aspirin as standard drug. In the acute toxicity study, mortality was observed at 500 and 2500 mg/kg body weight. In the acetic acid induced writhing test, the n-hexane extract of P. pterocarpum (100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) showed a significant reduction in the number of writhing with 55.5 % and 60 % of inhibition respectively. In formalin-induced rat paw oedema test for acute inflammation, the n-hexane extract of P. pterocarpum in 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight showed 26.00 %, 27.89 % and 32.27 % inhibition of oedema respectively after 4hours, which is comparable to that of standard drug-aspirin (33.59 %). These results validated that the extract of P. pterocarpum possesses significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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36. SUBSPECIALIST EYE CARE SERVICES IN NIGERIA: CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES.

Author

Ezisi, C. N., Arinze, O. C., Oguego, N. C., Ogbonnaya, C. E., and Ezeanosike, E.

Subjects
EYE care, OPHTHALMOLOGISTS, MEDICAL care, CHI-squared test, GLAUCOMA
Abstract

Objective: To determine the current status and challenges of subspecialty eye care service delivery in Nigeria Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study Setting: Ophthalmological society of Nigeria (OSN) conference Subjects or participants: Nigerian Ophthalmologists participating in the annual OSN conference. Interventions: Data of current status of eye care services and challenges of subspecialty practice were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to determine associations at a P-value of 0.05 Results: There were a total of 136 respondents; 60 males and 76 females. Highest age range of respondents was 41-50years. About 44.1% had undergone some form of subspecialty training. The commonest area of specialization was Glaucoma (13.2%) while the least area was Neuro-ophthalmology (1.5%). There were more subspecialists in the western region of the country. The major constraint for undergoing subspecialty fellowship was lack of funds. The major barrier to setting up subspecialty practice on completion of training was Lack of equipment for subspecialty practice. Majority of the present subspecialists got international sponsorship for their subspecialty training while those without subspecialty training cited cost as a major impediment to training. Conclusion: Subspecialty training and implementation is still developing in Nigeria. A major intervention has been put in place by CEHC, ICO and Fred Hollows foundation training some number of ophthalmologists. Subspecialty [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

37. NON-VISUAL MEDICAL RISKS OF COMMERCIAL DRIVERS WHO CAME FOR EYE SCREENING.

Author

Ogbonnaya, C. E., Ezisi, C. N., Ireka, O. J., Ogbonnaya, D. I., and Ogbonnaya, L. U.

Subjects
MEDICAL screening, DIAGNOSIS of eye diseases, HEALTH of automobile drivers, TRAFFIC accidents, CHI-squared test, EPILEPSY
Abstract

Background: Beside visual fitness, non-visual risks can impact on a driver's ability to drive safely. Objectives: To describe the non-visual risks of commercial vehicle divers in Abakaliki. Methodology: This was a cross sectional, descriptive study. Relevant data collected included bio- data, vital signs and lifestyle history of participants. Data was analysed using SPSS software package Version 22, and reported in simple tables showing frequencies, percentages and proportions. Relationship between the socio-demographic variables, vital signs and history of road traffic accident (RTA) were tested using the Chi Square statistic. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: All 103 participants were males aged 24 to 75 years, with a mean of 43.2 ± 12.3. Majority (61.2%) were ≥40 years. High proportions: 37.5% and 9.7% were found to be hypertensive and diabetic respectively; 4 (3.9%) were epileptics; 50.5% and 25.2% use alcohol and tobacco respectively. Almost half (46.6%) self-reported having had RTA. The relationship between self-reported history of RTA and history of epilepsy was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of non-visual medical risks to driving safety amongst this population. It is recommended that beside the prelicensing visual acuity, general medical check be incorporated as part of requirements for issuance and renewal of driving licence for drivers in Nigeria. Those with epilepsy should be identified and never licensed to drive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

38. The Nigerian public pension scheme: The need for reform

Author

Chibuike Uche and Ogbonnaya C. Uche

Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management, Economics and Econometrics, Government, Economic growth, Economic policy, business.industry, media_common.quotation_subject, Public sector, Public policy, Private sector, Capital (economics), Economics, Public service, Bureaucracy, Salary, business, Finance, media_common
Abstract

This paper analyses the Nigerian public pension problems from their origins. It argues that the current public pension scheme in Nigeria is unsustainable. This is so because the sheer size of public sector bureaucracy in Nigeria makes it difficult for the government to meet the basic salary needs of its institutions, much less meet the pensions needs of those who have retired from these institutions. It also unjustifiably favours Nigerians who belong to the public service to the detriment of the majority of the people who work in the private sector. Finally, it inhibits the ability of the government to undertake its other developmental duties, such as the provision of developmental infrastructure and other capital projects. Without such capital investments, the potential for economic development and growth in the future will be greatly impeded. There is therefore a need for reform of the current pension system in Nigeria.

Published
2003
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39. Employees, managers, and high performance work practices: A “Win-win” or the transformational leader’s exploitative approach to organizational performance

Author

Ashkanasy, N.M., Bennett, R.J., Martinko, M., Ogbonnaya, C., Daniels, K., Connolly, S., van Veldhoven, M.J.P.M., Nielsen, K., Ashkanasy, N.M., Bennett, R.J., Martinko, M., Ogbonnaya, C., Daniels, K., Connolly, S., van Veldhoven, M.J.P.M., and Nielsen, K.

Abstract

This chapter explores the tipping point between leadership behaviors that are perceived as constructive and those that are seen as abusive. For delicate tasks such as delivering negative feedback or reprimanding employees for counterproductive behaviors, managers must often walk a fine line between motivating and offending employees. The chapter suggests that staying on the desirable side of that distinction may be more difficult with some employees than with others. Those with sensitive affective triggers in the form of the w aspishness, umbrage, and insecurity traits appear more apt to viewing well-intentioned but critical feedback as crossing the line than others. Although the Waspishness-Umbrageous Sensitivity-Insecurity (WUSI) scale showed a consistent factor structure, reliability, and impact on abuse perceptions in both studies, it recognizes that additional testing in diverse populations would be helpful in further validating the scale. © 2016 Taylor & Francis.

Published
2016

40. Saturation Composition and Density Data for the Sodium Sulfate + Sulfuric Acid + Methanol System

Author

Ogbonnaya C. Okorafor and Juliana Hash

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Aqueous solution, chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Inorganic chemistry, Sodium sulfate, Sulfuric acid, General Chemistry, Methanol, Solubility, Saturation (chemistry), Ion
Abstract

The solubility of sodium sulfate in the concentrated sulfuric acid + methanol system was determined at temperatures of (273, 293, 303, 313, and 323) K. The saturation densities were also determined. The solubility increased with increasing temperature until about 323 K. When the result of this study was compared with an earlier study7 of solubility for the sodium sulfate + water + aqueous methanol system, the solubility values of the present system were greater at all comparable temperatures. This may be due to the fact that “like dissolves like”. In this case, the SO42- anion is common to both sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate, whereas in the former study, it is not. Moreover, compounds containing the SO42- anion are known to be less soluble in water.

Published
2005
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41. Compliance with diabetes guidelines at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Author

Ogbonnaya C. Harbor, Okoroma J. Igbojiaku, and Andrew Ross

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Medical staff, business.industry, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Blood sugar, lcsh:Medicine, lcsh:RA1-1270, General Medicine, Type 2 diabetes, medicine.disease, Regional hospital, Blood pressure, Diabetes mellitus, Emergency medicine, medicine, Family Practice, Intensive care medicine, business, diabetes, guidelines, compliance, Kwazulu natal, Foot (unit), Original Research
Abstract

Background Diabetes is a major problem in South Africa and throughout the world. The management of type 2 diabetes aims at maintaining normoglycaemia and preventing the development of complications arising from diabetes. The Society for Endocrine Metabolism and Diabetes of South Africa (SEMDSA) guidelines are based on a number of international trials which showed that strict control of blood sugar leads to a reduction in the development of diabetic complications. However, many studies have shown poor adherence to national guidelines by doctors caring for diabetes patients. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess doctors’ compliance with the SEMDSA diabetes guidelines at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal. Method Seven hundred and fifty diabetic patient records were selected by systematic sampling of cases from the diabetic clinic and reviewed against SEMDSA guidelines. Results Eighty three per cent of the patients had high values of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Lipid examination was rarely performed, and comprehensive foot examination was carried out in only 6% of patients. Although blood pressure and weight were regularly checked, these examinations were performed by the nursing staff, and medical staff generally did not respond to abnormal results. Conclusion This study demonstrates poor compliance with current diabetic guidelines. There is an urgent need to review how guidelines are disseminated and implemented in South African public sector hospitals if evidence-based guidelines are to have any impact on patient care.

Published
2013

42. COULD ACANTHAMOEBA KERATITIS BE MORE COMMON IN NON-CONTACT LENS-WEARING NIGERIANS THAN REPORTED? EVIDENCE FROM ABAKALIKI.

Author

Ogbonnaya, C. E. and Ukwah, B.

Subjects
ACANTHAMOEBA keratitis, AGRICULTURAL laborers, CORNEAL ulcer, POTASSIUM hydroxide, STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus
Abstract

Background: Although acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is more common in contact lens wearers, there have been many reports in those who do not wear contact lenses, especially in developing countries and particularly among agricultural workers and manual labourers. Available literature suggests that acanthamoeba keratitis is not a common cause of corneal ulcer in Nigeria. This might be due to a low index of suspicion as a result of low use of contact lens by the general population in Nigeria. Perhaps a routine search for the amoebic organism in corneal scrapings may actually reveal more cases of AK than reported among non-contact lens wearers. Despite the lack of sophisticated laboratory facilities, in resource-constrained settings, for definitive diagnosis of this amoebic organism in corneal scrapings, several stains are available for the detection of amoebic cysts in samples. However, the modified Field's stain, which is readily available, gives a very good colour contrast as compared with other stains, and has been found to be very useful for the early detection. This study is therefore aimed at presenting the utility of modified Fields stain for the rapid diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis with a view to highlighting the need to routinely search for amoebic organism in patients with corneal ulcers, particularly in agrarian communities with muddy farmlands; using a readily available simple stain such as the modified Field's stain. Objectives: To demonstrate the utility of modified Field-stain in the microscopic diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis in a resource -constrained setting. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study of all consenting corneal ulcer patients managed at the FETHA eye clinic over a 4- month period (May to August 2015). Acanthamoeba diagnosis was based on Giemsa and modified Field's staining techniques. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mount and Gram's stain were used for diagnosis of fungi and bacteria respectively, before culture results were available. Results: The microbial diagnoses were staphylococcus aureus (37.5%), Fungal keratitis (fusarium spp. and aspergilus, 25%) and acanthamoeba (25%). None of the patients ever used contact lenses. Conclusion: The use of modified Field-stain in the microscopic examination of corneal ulcer scrapings yielded a high microscopic diagnosis of acanthamoeba among the corneal ulcer patients seen at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki. It is recommended that a larger study be done to confirm the usefulness of the modified Field's stain in the diagnosis of acanthamoeba keratitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

45. Solubility and Density Isotherms for the Sodium Sulfate−Water−Methanol System

Author

Ogbonnaya C. Okorafor

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Aqueous solution, General Chemical Engineering, Sodium, Inorganic chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Salt (chemistry), General Chemistry, Molar solubility, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Sodium sulfate, Anhydrous, Methanol, Solubility
Abstract

The solubility of sodium sulfate in water and aqueous methanol has been determined over the temperature range 10 °C to 50 °C. Also the saturated solution densities were measured. The presence of methanol was observed to reduce the solubility of the salt greatly. In fact, in pure methanol, sodium sulfate was essentially insoluble. The solubility data for the sodium sulfate−water solution were within ±1% of values in the literature. No attempt was made in the study to differentiate between the two stable salts of sodium sulfate (decahydrate and anhydrous) in the temperature range studied.

Published
1999
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46. Adherence by a primary healthcare clinic in KwaZulu-Natal to the national HIV guidelines

Author

Nnaemeka Chikeluba Uzodike, Ogbonnaya C. Harbor, and Andrew Ross

Subjects
Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Referral, business.industry, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Primary health care, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease_cause, Antiretroviral therapy, Family medicine, medicine, business, Adverse effect, Family Practice, Viral load, Kwazulu natal
Abstract

Background: The decentralisation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to primary health care (PHC) was rolled-out in South Africa in March 2010. PHC staff members are expected to initiate ART, monitor patients, and detect and refer patients with adverse events or virological failure to designated referral hospitals. The aim of this study was to assess the monitoring and referral of patients on ART who were being managed at a PHC clinic.Method: This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study on 488 adult patients attending a PHC ART clinic selected by systematic random sampling between June 2011 and June 2012. Data were extracted from the patient files using a standardised data collection sheet, based on the South African national HIV guidelines for 2010.Results: Pill count, CD4 count and viral load (VL) were all well assessed by June 2011. Thirty-one per cent of patients being followed-up at the clinic had developed virological failure, of whom 84% were referred. By June 2012, 49% of the patients had developed virological failure, of whom only 52% were referred for further management.Conclusion: The PHC nurses were excellent at monitoring pill count, CD4 count and VL, but were unable to detect and appropriately refer patients with virological failure. This is of great concern, and needs urgent intervention and further research.

Published
2015
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