1. Overview of a Proposed Ecological Risk Assessment Process for Honey bees (Apis mellifera) and Non‐Apis Bees
- Author
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Axel Dinter, Claire Brittain, M. Fry, Cynthia Scott-Dupree, Mike Coulson, Mace Vaughan, G. Maynard, Roberta Cornélio Ferreira Nocelli, Bernard E. Vaissière, F. Streissel, Erik Johansen, T. Steeger, A. Alix, Muo Kasina, C. Lee‐Steere, Reed M. Johnson, M. Miles, Thomas Moriarty, R. Fischer, David Fischer, Fischer, David, Moriarty, Thomas, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Bayer Corporation, University of Nebraska [Lincoln], University of Nebraska System, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Independent, Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety, Bayer Pharma AG [Berlin], Environment Agency, The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Partenaires INRAE, Abeilles & Environnement (UR 406 ), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Office of the Chief Plant Protection Officer, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), University of Guelph, Syngenta Ltd, DuPont, and American Bird Conservancy
- Subjects
honey bees ,0106 biological sciences ,spray applications ,Process (engineering) ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Screening-level assessments ,Soil treatment ,Biology ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,complex mixtures ,Seed treatment ,Honey bees ,non apis bees ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Honey Bees ,protection goals ,Ecological risk ,Spray applications ,Risk assessment ,soil treatment ,Agroforestry ,Ecology ,fungi ,risk assessment ,food and beverages ,seed treatment ,Non-Apis bees ,010602 entomology ,chemistry ,Ecosystems Research ,screening level assessments ,Protection goals ,behavior and behavior mechanisms - Abstract
International audience; This chapter proposes a method for estimating risk to honey bees (Apis mellifera) and non-Apis bees from pesticides that are applied through sprays (acting on contact) and through seed or soil treatments and tree trunk injections (acting systemically). It describes the risk assessment process for honey bees and non-Apis bees. Problem formulation articulates the intent of the risk assessment and is predicated on particular protection goals for which the regulatory authority is responsible. The chapter illustrates the proposed risk assessment process identified by the participants of the 2011 SETAC Workshop on Pesticide Risk Assessment for Pollinators. The potential risk to adult honey bees from spray applications is assessed through calculation of an HQ. The screening-level and refined risk assessment processes for soil or seed treatment-applied pesticides incorporate different degrees of ecological realism. Screening-level assessments are typically based on conservative assumptions regarding both exposure and effects.
- Published
- 2014