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349 results on '"Oeschger, H."'

11. 10Be Peaks as Time Markers in Polar Ice Cores

Author

Beer, J., primary, Johnsen, S. J., additional, Bonani, G., additional, Finkel, R. C., additional, Langway, C. C., additional, Oeschger, H., additional, Stauffer, B., additional, Suter, M., additional, and Woelfli, W., additional

Published
1992
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16. Use of 10Be in polar ice to trace the 11-year cycle of solar activity

Author

Beer, J., Blinov, A., Bonani, G., Finkel, R.C., Hofmann, H.J., Lehmann, B., Oeschger, H., Sigg, A., Schwander, J., Staffelbach, T., Stauffer, B., Suter, M., and Wolfli, W.

Subjects
Solar activity -- Measurement, Ice -- Arctic, Beryllium -- Isotopes, Solar cycle -- Measurement, Ocean-atmosphere interaction -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Published
1990

25. Measurements of concentration, 13C/12C and 18O/16O ratios of tropospheric carbon dioxide over Switzerland

Author

Friedli, H., Siegenthaler, U., Rauber, D., and Oeschger, H.

Subjects
530 Physics
Abstract

In 1982, we collected air sample profiles approximately monthly from aircraft at altitudes up to about 7 km and analyzed them for CO2 concentration and stable isotope composition. The following seasonally detrended mean values were obtained per 1 January, 1982: 338 ppm, δ13C=-7.72‰, δ18O = -0.6‰ (versus PDB); isotopic results are corrected for N20 contribution. CO2 results are discussed in terms of vertical eddy diffusion and of a mean annual vertical flux. Assuming a two-component mixture between background air and biospheric CO2, δ13C of the biospheric component is -26.2‰, in good agreement with other northern hemisphere results. δ18O varies seasonally, but with relatively much scatter. The oxygen isotopic composition of CO2 is determined by exchange with vegetation, soils and ocean; these processes are discussed in detail.DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1987.tb00272.x

Published
2011

30. 10Be Variations in polar ice cores

Author

Beer, J., primary, Andrée, M., additional, Oeschger, H., additional, Stauffer, B., additional, Balzer, R., additional, Bonani, G., additional, Stoller, Ch., additional, Suter, M., additional, Wölfli, W., additional, and Finkel, R. C., additional

Published
1985
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39. Climate instability during the last interglacial period recorded in the grip ice core

Author

Anklin, M., Barnola, J. M., Beer, J., Blunier, T., Chappellaz, J., Clausen, H. B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Dansgaard, W., Angelis, M., Delmas, R. J., Duval, P., Fratta, M., Fuchs, A., Fuhrer, K., Gundestrup, N., Hammer, C., Iversen, P., Johnsen, S., Jouzel, J., Kipfstuhl, J., Legrand, M., Lorius, C., Maggi, V., Miller, H., Moore, J. C., Oeschger, H., Orombelli, G., Peel, D. A., Raisbeck, G., Raynaud, D., Schøtt-Hvidberg, C., Schwander, J., Shoji, H., Souchez, R., Stauffer, B., Jorgen Peder Steffensen, Stievenard, M., Sveinbjörnsdottir, A., Thorsteinsson, T., Wolff, E. W., Érosion torrentielle, neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Climate and Environmental Physics [Bern] (CEP), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern]-Universität Bern [Bern], Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Ice and Climate [Copenhagen], Niels Bohr Institute [Copenhagen] (NBI), Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Modélisation du Climat et de l'Environnement (LMCE), Anklin, M, Barnola, J, Beer, J, Blunier, T, Chappellaz, J, Clausen, H, Dahl Jensen, D, Dansgaard, W, De Angelis, M, Delmas, R, Duval, P, Fratta, M, Fuchs, A, Fuhrer, K, Gundestrup, N, Hammer, C, Iversen, P, Johnsen, S, Jouzel, J, Kipfstuhl, J, Legrand, M, Lorius, C, Maggi, V, Miller, H, Moore, J, Oeschger, H, Ormbelli, G, Peel, D, Raisbeck, G, Raynaud, D, Schott Hvidberg, C, Schwander, J, Shoji, H, Souchez, R, Stauffer, B, Steffensen, J, Stievenard, M, Sveinbjornsdottir, A, Thorsteinsson, T, and Wolff, E

Subjects
Greenland, Ice core, Palaeoclimatology, 010506 paleontology, Series (stratigraphy), Multidisciplinary, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Global warming, 01 natural sciences, Instability, Oceanography, Greenland ice core project, Ice core, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Climatology, Interglacial, Geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Isotope and chemical analyses of the GRIP ice core from Summit, central Greenland, reveal that climate in Greenland during the last interglacial period was characterized by a series of severe cold periods, which began extremely rapidly and lasted from decades to centuries. As the last interglacial seems to have been slightly warmer than the present one, its unstable climate raises questions about the effects of future global warming.

Published
1993
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41. Hydrologie et géochimie isotopique

Author

Oeschger, H., Causse, C. (ed.), and Gasse, F. (ed.)

Subjects
PREVISION, PALEOCLIMAT, CHANGEMENT CLIMATIQUE, CHIMIE DE L'EAU, ANALYSE CHIMIQUE, GLACIER, PALEOENVIRONNEMENT, ANALYSE ISOTOPIQUE, EAU SOUTERRAINE, SEDIMENT, MODELISATION, FACTEUR ANTHROPIQUE
Abstract

Je souhaite illustrer ici quelques études réalisées par Jean-Charles Fontes et souligner le rôle qu'il a tenu dans notre communauté scientifique. Les isotopes représentent un outil puissant pour comprendre l'évolution naturelle de l'atmosphère, de la biosphère et de la géosphère, et estimer l'impact de l'activité anthropique sur le système Terre. L'étude de la variabilité climatique sur des périodes de temps plus longues que celles recouvertes par les enregistrements instrumentaux est indispensable pour valider les modèles prédictifs du climat. Les sédiments océaniques, les glaces polaires, les séquences sédimentaires continentales et les eaux souterraines détiennent les archives du passé. Leur analyse quantitative fait l'objet du programme international Géosphère-Biosphère PIGB-PAGES dans lequel l'outil isotopique doit être optimisé. (Résumé d'auteur)

Published
1998

45. North Atlantic Deep Water Formation: Information from Ice Cores

Author

Oeschger, H

Subjects
Oceanography
Abstract

The main results of measurements of the CO2 concentration of air occluded in natural ice during periods of climatic change are presented, as well as other measured ice core parameters. Elements of an interpretation of the data in terms of mechanisms of changing environmental systems are briefly discussed.

Published
1984

46. Interglacial-Glacial Transitions

Author

Aguirre, E., Bard, E., Berger, A., Bond, G., Dreimanis, A., Duplessy, J.C., Dupont, L., Follieri, M., Funder, S., Guiot, J., Hammer, C., Hooghiemstra, H., Imbrie, J., Jouzel, J., Knudsen, K.L., Kukla, G., Labeyrie, L., Leroy, S., Lorius, C., Magri, D., Martinson, D., Muller, H., Oeschger, H., Raymo, M., Reille, M., Seret, G., Shackleton, N., Turner, C., Urban, B., Wijmstra, A., Zubakov, V., Group, Mallorca, Centre des Faibles Radioactivités, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de Modélisation du Climat et de l'Environnement (LMCE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 01 natural sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
1992
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47. Greenhouse gases and aerosols

Author

Watson, R., Rodhe, H., Oeschger, H., and Siegenthaler, U.

Subjects
530 Physics
Abstract

The Earth's climate is dependent upon the radiative balance of the atmosphere, which in turn depends upon the input of solar radiation and the atmospheric abundances ot ladiatively active trace gases (1 e , greenhouse gases), clouds and aerosols Since the industrial revolution the atmospheric concentrations of several greenhouse gases, i e , carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), nitrous oxide (N2O), and tropospheric ozone (O3), have been increasing primarily due to human activities Several ol these gieenhouse gases have long atmospheric lifetimes, decades to centuries, which means that their atmospheric concentrations respond slowly to changes in emission rates In addition theie is evidence that the concentrations of troposphenc aerosols have increased at least regionally.

Published
1990
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49. The past 5000 years history of solar modulation of cosmic radiation from 10Be and 14C studies

Author

Oeschger, H. and Beer, J.

Subjects
530 Physics
Abstract

10Be is produced in a similar way as 14C by the interaction of cosmic radiation with the nuclei in the atmosphere. Assuming that the 10Be and 14C variation are proportional and considering the different behaviour in the Earth system, the 10Be concentrations in ice cores can be compared with the 14C variations in tree rings. A high correlation is found for the short-term variations (14C-Suess-wiggles). They reflect with a high probability production rate variations. More problematic is the interpretation of the long-term trends of 14C and 10Be. Several explanations are discussed. The reconstructed CO2 concentrations in ice cores indicate a rather constant value (280 ± 10 p.p.m. by volume) during the past few millenia. Measurements on the ice core from Byrd Station, Antarctica, during the period 9000 to 6000 years BP indicate a decrease that might be explained by the extraction of CO2 from the atmosphere-ocean system to build the terrestrial biomass pool during the climatic optimum.

Published
1990
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