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This paper describes the development of electrochemical processes for the oxidative degradation of nitroaromatic compounds, including 2-nitrotoluene, 2-nitroaniline and 4-nitroaniline, in acid wastewaters. The electrolysis process results in the formation of a dark solution in which the concentration of nitroaromatics had been reduced to much lower levels and COD removal efficiencies reached 50%. It was found that the best electrolysis conditions were 96% acid strength, 1000 A m-2 current density and ambient temperature. In addition, electrochemical degradations were always more effective when substituents are in the para-position and lead to significant electrophilic character. A black powdery product was isolated from the dark solution; this resulted from the anodic oxidation of amines initially produced at the cathode. The black product was further destroyed by anodic oxidation during prolonged electrolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore whether children and adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have altered the functional connectivity between the executive control network and the default mode network., Methods: Exploratory study of a diagnostic test, prospective, case and control design. A total of 56 participants were recruited consecutively (29 inattentive or combined ADHD subtype and 27 controls) between 7 and 16 years old, male, right dominance. DSM-5 was applied as reference test and a battery of neuropsychological tests to confirm the diagnosis and assess comorbidities. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed as an index test. The application and evaluation of the tests was blind. The brain regions were chosen a priori and the region of interest technique was used. The functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was evaluated with: the precuneus (P), the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPC)., Results: The functional connectivity in each of the associations evaluated in the patients with ADHD compared with the controls were: P_D=0.41 vs 0.44; CCP_D=0.43 vs 0.53; CPDM_D=0.75 vs. 0.79; P_I=0.40 vs 0.41; CCP_I=0.48 vs 0.53; CPDM_I=0.76 vs. 0.72). D: right side I: left side. Value of p> 0.05., Conclusion: Cerebral functional connectivity at rest is lower in ADHD patients when compared with healthy controls, however, the difference was not statistically significant., (Copyright © 2019 SERAM. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: The aim of this work is to know the proportion of inadequate urgent admissions in a general hospital., Material and Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study of patients admitted during 1,999 was performed. The Appropriatness Evaluation Protocol (AEP) was used in order to evaluate the appropriatness of the admissions., Results: Eighteen admissions (4.5%) were inadecuated. There was a higher proportion of inappropriate admission (IA) when the physician responsible of the admission was a medical specialist (internal medicine, hematology or nephrology): odds ratio 5.3 in opposite to emergency physicians (p < 0.03)., Conclusions: There was a low proportion of inadequate admissions (4.5%) and the risk of inappropriatness of the admission was major when it was ordered by a medical specialist.

171 cases consecutively seen in a hospital emergency service were prospectively evaluated. Several data were recorded to assess the type of care given and the need for attention in an institution with the technical resources of a hospital. These data were evaluated considering whether the user had moved from another town to receive attention and whether he had been referred by a physician or not. There were definite differences in the behavior of the user from the town where the hospital is located and the remaining users. These differences were not attributable to a different performance or evaluation from the primary care services of the several towns involved. It was concluded that, at the present time, the use of the emergency service of our hospital is significantly influenced by the decision of the user to consult the service. Factors other than the severity of the disease influence this decision.