Search

The present work was carried out to study the effect of low caloric diet supplemented with fennel seeds or black cumin seeds and their mixture on obese adult females. The control group (G1) used low caloric diet with 1000 kcal without supplementation, while groups (2 and 3) used low caloric diet supplemented with 5 g black cumin and 5g fennel seeds seeds, respectively. On the other hand, group (4) used low caloric diet supplemented a mixture of 2.5 g fennel seeds and 2.5g black cumin seeds. All supplementation were mixed with a cup of light yoghurt in dinner meal. The study was performed for 4 weeks. Anthropometric measurements and levels of serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL and HDL were taken pre and post the study. Females taken low caloric diet supplemented with black cumin (G2) or mixture of black cumin and fennel (G4) recorded significant decrease in their BMI when compared to the control group. Cases supplemented with Fennel (G3) recorded insignificant decrease in their BMI. The total cholesterol decreased significantly in groups (2 and 4), while it was decreased insignificantly in group (3) compared to the control group. HDL levels increased significantly in groups (2 & 4) compared to group (1). Results of the present study indicated that significant decrease were in total body weight, BMI, WC, AC, TSF and AMC in group (2) which received black cumin seeds, followed by group (4) which received mixture of black cumin seeds and fennel seeds, followed by group (3) which received fennel seeds compared to the control group.

Bulgaria is the second-fastest aging nation in Eastern Europe and fifth in the world. Older people are the largest and ever-growing group of people in health care. The most common diseases in this age group are circulatory, endocrine, digestive, musculature, neoplasms, and respiratory systems. Some of the main reasons for these diseases include an unhealthy diet, a sedentary lifestyle, and obesity. One hundred twelve adult patients with chronic diseases were interviewed. The aim of the study is to establish the awareness of older people about overweight-related problems. In order to increase their knowledge and improve their quality of life and independence, we prepared a training program (Table4).

Background: The vasodilator action of insulin might contribute to the reduction of blood pressure in the postprandial state and it remains to be clarified whether this action is impaired in the insulin- resistant obese state or not. Aims and Objective: The present study aimed to determine the blood pressure responses after an oral glucose load in lean and insulin resistant centrally obese adult male subjects. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in eleven lean and eleven centrally obese adult male subjects. After a 75 g oral glucose load, blood pressures were measured at 15-minute intervals and the serum insulin level was determined at 30-minute intervals for two hours. Blood pressure was measured by indirect sphygmomanometry and serum insulin concentration was analyzed by ELISA method. Results: All centrally obese subjects were insulin resistant (HOMA-IR≥2.6). After oral glucose load, the per cent change in glucose-stimulated insulin responses at 30 minutes (626% vs 344%, p

Approximately one in 3 patients in the United States are obese. There is a strong association between obesity and an increased rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality. Bariatric surgery (BS) has emerged as an effective strategy to achieve reduction of excess weight. Our study aims to explore the relationship between BS and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among obese hospitalized patients in the United States. This is a retrospective study of all obese adult patients with BMI ≥35 kg/m2 (n= 1,700,943) in the National Inpatient Sample between 2012 and 2016. Differences in the clinical characteristics of obese patients with a history of BS versus obese patients without a history of BS were analyzed as well as the association between BS and MACE after adjusting for CVD risk factors. Among 50,296 obese patients with a history of BS (2.96%), the mean age was 53 ± 12 years with the majority being female (75.32%) and Caucasian (71.85%). Multivariate analysis revealed that obese patients with a history of BS had a1.6-fold decrease odds of MACE compared with patients without BS (OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.65; p

Equine obesity is common, reducing quality of life and requiring dietary energy restriction. Equine obesity is identified using subjective body condition scoring. Considerations are given for life stage and health status when managing obese equines. Every effort should be made to maximize feeding duration, and minimize time spent without feed while meeting all essential nutrient requirements. Limiting total daily dry matter intake to 2% of current bodyweight per day of a low caloric, forage-based diet may result in adequate body weight loss. Weight loss and weight management plans should be monitored for success and potential gastrointestinal, metabolic, and/or behavioral complications.

Background: Studies of adult and pediatric patients undergoing appendectomy have reported variable outcomes and operative metrics related to the effect of obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of obesity in adult and pediatric patients undergoing appendectomy at our institution. Methods: This single-center retrospective study evaluated the relationship between length of hospital stay for appendectomy and body mass index (BMI). Data obtained from the electronic medical record included age, sex, weight, height, BMI, the number of hours the patient experienced symptoms prior to presentation to the emergency room, the number of hours the patient was admitted prior to surgery, the number of hours of hospital admission after surgery, perforated appendix, preoperative comorbidities, and evidence of preoperative sepsis. Results: During the 3-year study period, 118 adults and 38 children who underwent appendectomy composed the study groups. Patients were stratified by obese and nonobese, with obesity defined as BMI ≥30.0 kg/m2. In adults, we found no significant difference between length of stay in obese (n=45) and nonobese (n=73) patients (79.6 ± 65.5 hours vs 101.6 ± 123.0 hours; P=0.21). In children, we found no significant difference between length of stay in obese (n=9) and nonobese (n=29) patients (92.9 ± 64.6 hours vs 109.0 ± 93.5 hours; P=0.54). Conclusion: Obesity did not affect length of stay in adults and children who underwent appendectomy in the present series.

Introducción: La restricción de energía intermitente (REI) y la restricción de energía continua (REC) son estrategias efectivas en la disminución del peso corporal en adultos. En la REI se limita la ingesta por menos de 24 horas con periodos de restricción energética totales o parciales (75-90%). Son aplicados por lo general de seis a ocho horas entre uno y siete días por semana, seguido de un periodo de alimentación habitual. En la REC se reduce la ingesta entre un 15-60% del requerimiento energético diario. El objetivo de la presente revisión fue comprobar el posible mayor efecto de la REI en la pérdida de peso en comparación con la REC en hombres y mujeres adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en la que se incluyeron estudios clínicos; originales; realizados en hombres y mujeres con sobrepeso u obesidad, que se centraron en la pérdida de peso mediante la REI en comparación con la REC en los últimos ocho años (2011-2019). Las bases de datos utilizadas para la búsqueda electrónica fueron PubMed, Cochrane Library y Web of Science. Se obtuvieron 303 artículos, de los cuales únicamente diez cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para la presente revisión sistemática. Resultados: Los métodos de REI y de REC utilizados de manera individual, como en combinación entre ellos, facilitan una pérdida de peso corporal de manera similar en hombres y mujeres adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad, incluso en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Conclusiones: La pérdida de peso estuvo mediada principalmente por la restricción de energía, la REI no fue superior a la REC como intervención terapéutica, dado que la pérdida de peso parece estar mediada por el nivel de restricción energética y no porque se realice de forma continua o discontinua. Material y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en la que se incluyeron estudios clínicos; originales; realizados en hombres y mujeres con sobrepeso u obesidad, que se centraron en la pérdida de peso mediante la REI en comparación con la REC en los últimos ocho años (2011-2019). Las bases de datos utilizadas para la búsqueda electrónica fueron PubMed, Cochrane Library y Web of Science. Se obtuvieron 303 artículos, de los cuales únicamente diez cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión para la presente revisión sistemática. Resultados: Los métodos de REI y de REC utilizados de manera individual, como en combinación entre ellos, facilitan una pérdida de peso corporal de manera similar en hombres y mujeres adultos con sobrepeso y obesidad, incluso en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Conclusiones: La pérdida de peso estuvo mediada principalmente por la restricción de energía, la REI no fue superior a la REC como intervención terapéutica, dado que la pérdida de peso parece estar mediada por el nivel de restricción energética y no porque se realice de forma continua o discontinua.

El sobrepeso y la obesidad presentan causas multifactoriales y su control y/o adhesión al tratamiento nutri- cional pueden estar relacionados con las estrategias de afrontamiento y la autoeficacia. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relación entre estrategias de afrontamiento y autoefi- cacia entre mujeres que estaban en atención nutricional en un servicio-escuela interdisciplinario. Método: Se trata de una investigación descriptiva y correlacional, de abordaje cuantitativo y corte trans- versal, de la cual participaron 24 mujeres adultas con sobrepeso y obesidad, que respondieron al Cuestio- nario en Datos Sociodemográficos y Clínicos; Weigth Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnarie (WEL- Bellace, 2005; Clark et al., 1991); y Escala Modos de Enfrentamiento de problemas (Seidl, Trócolli, & Zannon, 2001). Resultados: Los análisis descriptivos indicaron mayores medias en el afrontamiento enfocado en el problema, mayor autoeficacia frente a actividades positivas y menor autoeficacia en resistir al alimento frente a emociones negativas. También hubo asociación negativa entre focalización en la emoción y emociones negativas, incomodidad física y presión social. Discusión y Conclusión: Se destaca la importancia de la promoción de estrategias de afrontamiento que propicien mayor percepción de autoeficacia, con el objetivo de promover mayor adhesión al tratamiento y mantenimiento de ganancias.

Background : Rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is an anthocyanin-rich plant that has good antioxidant capacity. However, the utilization was limited to red roselle, while previous studies showed that anthocyanin content was found to be higher in the thick roselle.therefore, this is an opportunity to develop purple roselle products as a preventive effort for degenerative diseases in men with fatness. Subjects in this study were male by considering the effect of estrogen on women which could play a role in suppressing oxidative stress. Objectives : This study aimed to analyze antioxidant (SOD/Superoxide dismutase) and oxidative status (MDA/ malondialdehyde ) level in obese adult men after administration of purple rosela drinks . Methods : This study was quasi-experimental with pre-post test. Eighteen obese subjects in the security unit were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group and control group. Intervention group (n = 9) was given purple rosela drink in the amount of 480 mL/day, while the control group (n = 9) was given an equivalent amount of purple rosela drink without rosela . The subjects were daily administered for 6 weeks. Characteristic, anthropometric, food consumption and blood sample data were collected at the beginning and end of the intervention. Data analysis was performed by descriptively, paired t-test, independent t-test, ANCOVA. Results : The analysis show ed that purple rosela drink tend to increase SOD levels (0.45 ± 0.14; 1.35 ± 0.71; p-value = 0.008) but this value was not significantly different from the control group (p-value = 0.128). MDA levels did not significantly different between the intervention and control groups (0.025 ± 0.083;-0.125 ± 0.60; p-value = 0.473). Conclusion : These results show ed that administering 480 ml of purple rosela drink did not improve antioxidant and oxidative status in obese adult men.

PURPOSE To provide recommendations for appropriate dosing of systemic antineoplastic agents in obese adults with cancer. METHODS A systematic review of the literature collected evidence regarding dosing of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies in obese adults with cancer. PubMed and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, or cohort studies published from November 1, 2010, through March 27, 2020. ASCO convened an Expert Panel to review the evidence and formulate recommendations. RESULTS Sixty studies, primarily retrospective, were included in the review. Overall, the evidence supported previous findings that obese adult patients tolerate full, body-size–based dosing of chemotherapy as well as nonobese patients. Fewer studies have addressed the dosing of targeted therapies and immunotherapies in relation to safety and efficacy in obese patients. RECOMMENDATIONS The Panel continues to recommend that full, weight-based cytotoxic chemotherapy doses be used to treat obese adults with cancer. New to this version of the guideline, the Panel also recommends that full, approved doses of immunotherapy and targeted therapies be offered to obese adults with cancer. In the event of toxicity, the consensus of the Panel is that dose modifications of systemic antineoplastic therapies should be handled similarly for obese and nonobese patients. Important areas for future research include the impact of sarcopenia and other measures of body composition on optimal antineoplastic dosing, and more customized dosing based on pharmacokinetic or pharmacogenetic factors. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/supportive-care-guidelines .

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has been challenging for health services and systems around the world, including Peru. A viable alternative in the telemedicine field to guarantee patient nutritional care is telenutrition. Telenutrition involves the interactive use of electronic information and telecommunications technologies to implement the nutrition care process with patients at a remote location. Information regarding the experience with this methodology and its potential effect on patients’ nutritional goals, does not exist in Peru. The aim of the study was to report the effect of the evaluation type (telenutrition vs. in-person) on weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and relative fat mass (RFM) in overweight and obese adult patients. Methods: This retrospective study included 100 eligible patients in a single nutritional center, from January 2019 to March 2021. Telenutrition and in-person continuous variables were compared with independent sample t-test or U Mann-Whitney test. Results: There were significant differences in weight, BMI, WC and RFM by the end of follow-up period, in both evaluation modalities. Patients on the telenutrition group had a mean decrease of 6.80 ± 4.87 cm in WC, whereas the mean difference observed for the in-person group was 6.74 ± 4.55 cm. There were no significant differences in the changes of any anthropometric parameters when comparing both systems. Reductions were observed in weight (5.93 ± 3.88 kg vs. 4.92 ± 3.29 kg), BMI (2.23 ± 1.39 kg/ m2 vs. 1.83 ± 1.23 kg/ m2), WC (6.80 ± 4.87 cm vs. 6.74 ± 4.55 cm) and RFM (2.43 ± 1.78 vs. 2.63 ± 1.73) in telenutrition and in-person evaluation, respectively by the end of the follow-up period. Conclusions: Telenutrition may be regarded as an alternative to in-person evaluation offering anthropometric changes and nutritional goals similar to those reported through the in-person modality, in overweight and obese adult people.

Obesity is endemic in the United States. As the rate of obese adult Americans continues to rise, so too does the number of bariatric procedures performed annually in the United States. Herein, we detail our perioperative evaluation and management of bariatric patients as well as our surgical technique for performance of the laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Introduction. Modest weight loss (5 to 7%) reduced the incidenceof type II diabetes in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DDP) trial.A DPP-inspired lifestyle intervention requiring minimal patientself-data collection and tailored to low-SES patients throughminimal cost was developed for our indigent, obese patients. Methods. Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), indigent (≤ 200% FederalPoverty Level) adults (age 18 - 70) were offered a nocostweight loss intervention as an adjunct to their usual primarycare in a residency outpatient clinic. The interventionprovided options for diet plans and social support. The goalwas to achieve a 5% loss of body weight over six months. Results. The sample (n = 158) was 86% female and 62% white,with a median age of 45 and median BMI of 40.9. Two-thirds ofsubjects chose the 50% diet; YMCA membership was selected byall but one. The 5% weight loss goal was met by 12.8%; another8.7% gained that amount. Subjects who either had pre-existingYMCA membership or used their provided membership weresuccessful, relative to those who received but never used theirmembership (0.6% loss vs 0.9% gain; p < 0.05). Changes in weightover six months were observed in the youngest (gain of 3.9 lbs.,p < 0.05) and the oldest (loss of 4.0 lbs., p < 0.05) age quartiles. Conclusions. A DPP-inspired lifestyle intervention tailoredto low-SES patients did not lead to overall weight loss, reinforcingthat weight reduction programs must provide a significantamount of support for participants to see success.Older age and a behavioral commitment to physical activityimproved the likelihood of success. KS J Med 2016;9(4):83-87.

Linda Tahaineh,1 Sahar M Edaily,1 Shadi F Gharaibeh2 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jerash University, Jerash, Jordan Objectives: To evaluate the degree of anticoagulation achieved with different enoxaparin dosing regimens used in obese and morbidly obese patients in a hospital setting in Jordan.Methods: All obese adult patients who were prescribed enoxaparin for various indications were invited to participate in the study. The anti-factor Xa (anti-Xa) level was checked once after 4–6 hours of the third or fourth dose of enoxaparin (at steady state). Patients were followed daily to evaluate drug efficacy and safety through their hospital course.Results: Enoxaparin daily dose used for prophylaxis indications ranged from 0.3 to 0.85 mg/kg and from 0.31 to 2.25 mg/kg in case of certain treatment indications. Most participants who received enoxaparin for treatment indications (76.9%) were on capping dosing regimens, which was 0.05). No bleeding events or thrombocytopenia were noticed, and there was one case of recurrent thrombosis.Conclusion: Enoxaparin dosing regimens that were used for obese patients varied based on prescribing physicians. Regardless of the regimen used, the majority of participants had nontherapeutic anti-Xa. Individualized dosing regimens based on anti-Xa levels are warranted for obese patients on enoxaparin. Keywords: anti-factor Xa, anticoagulation, enoxaparin, obesity

The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased substantially over the past three decades. Childhood obesity is a serious public health concern. Changes in the dietary pattern and sedentary lifestyle contribute towards childhood obesity. Obese children grow into obese adult. Effective strategies must be taken for its prevention. Enhancing nutrition knowledge by means of nutrition education contributes towards healthier lifestyle choice that includes proper diet management and physical activity and thus helps to prevent childhood obesity to a great extent. In the present study, nutrition knowledge was assessed and then two exposures were given by means of nutrition education video. Result of the study shows that after repeated exposure, there was gain in knowledge among the children.

Annually, over 350,000 persons require cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), either in or outside of the hospital. With obesity a rising health issue in the United States, concerns exist regarding the efficacy of quality compressions for CPR in obese patients. The aims of this study were to determine if the compressions for three adult simulation manikins (normal, obese, and morbidly obese) met quality guidelines; to examine any differences in quality of chest compressions performed by health care providers between the three manikins; and to examine the effect of participant characteristics on the quality of chest compressions in obese and morbidly obese manikins. A randomized controlled design was used. Sixty-one health care providers performed chest compressions on the three simulation manikins. Results showed that performance on the normal-sized manikin was significantly better than that on both obese and morbidly obese manikins. Participant characteristics were significantly associated with quality of chest compressions. The effectiveness of compressions in obese and morbidly obese CPR recipients has yet to be determined.

Aim of the studyIn the present study, we aimed to examine the construct validity of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 (TFEQ-R18) and to investigate variables of the following phenomena such as cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating and emotional eating in normal weight women and women with obesity.Subject or material and methodsThe research sample comprised 237 participants (200 with normal weight and 37 obese): the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 was distributed to all participants at the same time.ResultsWe have found that the three-factor structure is invariant at each level— configural, metric, scalar, and strict. Individuals with obesity scored significantly higher than individuals within normal weight range in uncontrolled eating (p = .005) and emotional eating (p = .053).DiscussionObserved ambiguities between the results provided by the current and other studies may be explained in terms of the controlling of the shared variance and measurement error, since only up to date summarized scores were compared across groups.ConclusionsThese results broaden knowledge of eating behaviours in normal weight individuals as well as those with obesity.

Seven species of coronavirus cause acute respiratory illness in humans. Coronavirus HKU 1 (CoV HKU 1) was first described in 2005 in an adult patient with pneumonia in Hong Kong. Although it is a well-known respiratory tract pathogen, there is not much information about its role in hospitalized adults, especially in southern Europe. Here, we describe a case of radiologically demonstrated CoV HKU 1-related bronchiolitis with acute respiratory failure in an adult female without significant comorbidities except obesity.

The prevalence of obesity in adults is increasing worldwide, which is problematic since obesity is associated with degenerative diseases. Nowadays Indonesia is facing an interesting phenomenon since there are adults who have been obese since childhood and others who conversely were undernourished while young. The biological differences of these two types of obesities are not well understood. This study aims to analyse the difference in the size and number of visceral adipocytes, HIF-1α, HIF-2α and MAP1LC3A/LC3 in obese adult rat groups that were undernourished at a young age compared to groups who were normal or even already fat from childhood. We analyzed Hif-1α, Hif-2α, Lc3 mRNA by RT-qPCR; HIF-1α, HIF-2α, MAP1LC3A/LC3 protein level by ELISA. The HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein level of visceral adipocytes derived from the group of rat which were undernourished while young increased significantly compared to the group which was overnourished. The visceral adipocytes of the group which was overnourished since childhood showed an increase in Hif-2α mRNA level. The Lc3 mRNA of the rat group which were undernourished since young increased significantly compared to rat group which was obese since childhood.

People with obesity in Romania are often under medical supervision, which is aimed to decrease body weight and treat accompanying metabolic disorders and cardiovascular implications. However, there is limited information regarding the implementation of dietary recommendations in adults with obesity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of reaching the recommended intakes of macro- and micro-nutrients in adults with obesity under medical supervision. Individuals with obesity, recruited in the context of a study with a larger scope (NutriGen ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02837367), who were under medical supervision underwent four 24 h recalls in order to assess daily food intakes. Macro- and micro-nutrient intakes were computed, and the prevalence of reaching recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for each nutrient was calculated. The majority of subjects did not meet the recommended intakes for most nutrients. Energy from fat exceeded the threshold of 35% recommended intake, even in the lowest quartile of energy intake. The micronutrients with less than 5% of individuals reaching the RDAs were vitamin D, vitamin E, fluoride, and omega-3 fatty acids for both males and females, and choline, magnesium, and potassium in females. The burden of inadequate nutrition in individuals with obesity should be acknowledged and properly addressed within efforts to reduce obesity rates and associated disorders.

Background: Consuming large doses of whey protein (WP) ∼30 minutes before high-glycemic load meals reduces postprandial glycemia (PPG). However, it is unclear if this effect is retained at smaller doses of WP, ingested at realistic times before typical meals. Moreover, as central obesity is associated with elevated PPG, WP may offer benefit in improving PPG within such individuals. We examined the PPG responses to breakfast following consumption of a small WP shot in centrally obese and lean males. Methods: In a randomized-crossover design, 7 lean (BMI 24.3±1.5; waist circumference 79.3±7.1 cm; waist/hip ratio [WHR] 0.83±0.04) and 9 centrally obese (34.6±1.9; 112.8±10.2 cm; 0.97±0.1) age-matched, adult males performed two 240 minutes mixed-meal tests, 7d apart. After an overnight fast, participants consumed either a 100ml ready-to-drink WP shot (15g Protein) or 100ml water (CON) 10 minutes before a typical breakfast meal. Interval blood samples were collected for the measurement of plasma glucose. Data (mean±SD) were analyzed by a mixed-design ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation with significance accepted as p≤0.05. Results: WP reduced early PPG AUC0-60min by 22±9.3% and 13.1±10% in lean and obese males, respectively, vs. CON (p0.05). WP reduced peak PPG vs. CON (lean: -26.5±7% [p Conclusion: Consuming a palatable, ready-to-drink WP shot before breakfast attenuates early elevations in PPG and reduces hyperglycemia in lean and centrally obese males. Central obesity predicts the glucose lowering effect of WP and may limit its application in this group. Disclosure K. Smith: None. G.S. Taylor: None. N. Okwose: None. D.M. Allerton: None. L.H. Brunsgaard: Employee; Self; Arla Foods Ingredients. E.J. Stevenson: None. D.J. West: Research Support; Self; Arla Foods Ingredients, Dexcom, Inc. Funding Arla Foods Ingredients Group P/S

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES:Introduction Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is an independent risk factor for prevalent and incident incontinence. The prevalence of incontinence has been reported to be as high as 60% to 70% among severely obese women.Objective:Determine the urinary incontinence in women with obesity and the effect of bariatric surgery at 3, 6 and 12 months later.METHODS:Materials and Methods: The present study is observational, analitic, prospective and longitudinal. Obese adult women, who underwent bariatric surgery from May 2017 to February 2018, were included. Performing a bivariate statistical analysis using Chi square and inferential statistics.RESULTS:Results: 67 patients in total, 73.1% had some type of UI, average age 42.7 years, pre-surgical weight 108.3 kg and BMI of 42.7kg / m2 (Table1). Stres UI (55.1%). 73% had UI, stress UI is the most frequent type in 55%. In 65% mild incontinence was present, 30% affecting their quality of life.At 12 months after surgery: weig...

Introduction With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) have also increased. Adding routine transcutaneous carbon dioxide (TcCO2) or end-tidal carbon dioxide sensors (EtCO2) may add beneficial information to the polysomnogram (PSG) and expand the diagnostic and treatment capabilities in this population. Our study looks at the use of this parameter in obese adults on whom CO2monitoring has been used. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of obese adult patients (body mass index [BMI] >30) undergoing a PSG. We documented the EtCO2 values at baseline (supine awake) and during sleep. Correlations between the EtCO2 readings and BMI were reviewed. We excluded patients that had poor EtCO2 waveforms and patients with known preexisting hypoventilation syndromes, such a COPD. Results Fifty patients were identified between January and November 2020 at the Memorial Hermann Sleep Center. 54% were female and 46% were male with an average age of 55.3 years (range 26–73) and an average BMI for the cohort of 40.1 (SD +/-9.5). The average AHI on the diagnostic study (CMS criteria) was 30.9 events/hour (SD +/- 43) and the average oxygen desaturation nadir was 79%. Sixteen patients (32%) met diagnostic criteria for OHS based on the baseline awake EtCO2 which would have otherwise been missed without CO2 monitoring. When comparing the mean values of the ETCO2 between Group 1 whose BMI was less than 40 kg/m2 (39.9 mmHg) to Group 2 whose BMI was greater than 40 kg/m2 (45.9 mm Hg), the difference was statistically significant with a p-value is 0.001. Conclusion OHS is reported to have greater mortality when compared to OSA. CO2 monitoring is currently only routinely required in pediatric PSGs. Our review suggests a higher diagnostic yield of OHS in adults with the use of CO2 monitoring especially when morbidly obese. Given the alarming trend towards obesity in the US, this advocates for the routine use of CO2 monitoring in adult obese patients. Although more research is needed, we may draw a conclusion that there is meaningful data to support the use of routine ETCO2 monitoring in this adult patient population. Support (if any)

Effect of intermittent fasting 5:2 on plasma malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesity Background: Obesity is a major risk factor for various non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In obesity, the free radical product will be produced, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) which plays a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Intermittent fasting (IF) is an alternative way to reduce free radical levels in the body therefore it can prevent complications of obesity. However, the effect of IF on MDA level in an obese adult male in Jakarta has not been reported. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of IF on malondialdehyde levels in adult male employees with obesity in Jakarta. Methods: This study used a randomized controlled clinical trial. The subjects were men aged 19-59 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , divided into fasting and control groups, each group consists of 25 subjects. Intermittent fasting 5:2 is calorie restriction up to 20-25% was done every Monday and Thursday, and not allowed to eat and drink during 14 hours of fasting . Before the intervention, both groups were given education about balanced nutrition. Association of intermittent fasting with MDA and catalase was analyzed by means of difference formula with a significance limit of 5%. Results: MDA levels post-intervention significantly decreased compared to the pre-intervention both in the fasting group [1,3(0,9-2) nmol/mL to 0,4(0,3-0,6) nmol/mL] and in the control groups [1,4(0,9-1,9) nmol/mL to 0,5(0,3-0,7) nmol/mL]. MDA level post-intervention in the fasting group was significantly lower (p

Introduction. Efficacy of interventions in research settings maynot translate to usual-care settings. The impact of interventionsvaries depending upon factors, such as the proportion andcomposition of the population reached and engaged, as well asparticipation and implementation characteristics of providers. Methods. A lifestyle intervention meant to achieve a 5%loss of body weight in six months was offered to obese, indigentadult patients in a Family Medicine residency outpatientclinic. Implementation variables were assessed, includingdetermination of individual patient penetrationand participation rate, demographic representativeness,completion rate, outcomes, and differential impact, as wellas setting participation rates and implementation fidelity. Results. From a population of 743 potentially eligible patients,356 were invited to participate (48% penetration) and158 were enrolled (44% participation). Those enrolled wereheavier (BMI of 42.6 vs 39.0), younger (43.5 vs 47.0 years)and more likely female (87% vs 69%) than those not enrolled.Individual completion rate was 81%; overall weightloss was negligible. Setting participation was broad, butfidelity to background standard of care was only 50%. Conclusions. Providers were eager for a tool to help their obese,indigent patients lose weight, but the intervention proved ineffectiveand the usual care of enrolled patients was not stronglysupportive of their weight loss efforts. KS J Med 2016;9(4):77-82.

This paper evaluates effective dose (ED) of overweight and obese patients who undergo body computed tomography (CT) examinations. ED calculations were based on tissue weight factors in the International Commission on Radiological Protection Publication 103 (ICRP 103). ED per unit dose length product (DLP) are reported as a function of the tube voltage, body mass index (BMI) of patient. The VirtualDose software was used to calculate ED for male and female obese phantoms representing normal weight, overweight, obese 1, obese 2 and obese 3 patients. Five anatomic regions (chest, abdomen, pelvis, abdomen/pelvis and chest/abdomen/pelvis) were investigated for each phantom. The conversion factors were computed from the DLP, and then compared with data previously reported by other groups. It was observed that tube voltage and BMI are the major factors that influence conversion factors of obese patients, and that ED computed using ICRP 103 tissue weight factors were 24% higher for a CT chest examination and 21% lower for a CT pelvis examination than the ED using ICRP 60 factors. For body CT scans, increasing the tube voltage from 80 to 140 kVp would increase the conversion factors by as much as 19–54% depending on the patient's BMI. Conversion factor of female patients was ~7% higher than the factors of male patients. DLP and conversion factors were used to estimate ED, where conversion factors depended on tube voltage, sex, BMI and tissue weight factors. With increasing number of obese individuals, using size-dependence conversion factors will improve accuracy, in estimating patient radiation dose.

Obesity and weight gain is one of the problems that human beings face today. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of three months volleyball training on serum levels of ghrelin in overweight and obese men.

OBJECTIVES: The Individualized Diet Improvement Program (iDip) is a year-long, group session-based weight loss program to help participants experiment and discover a sustainable dietary modification. We observed a large difference among participants in weight loss success. The objective is to identify factors that explain the difference in weight loss magnitude among participants. METHODS: 30 participants (25–70y) enrolled in an ongoing iDip study. A self-reflection survey was designed and administrated at eight months to determine the factors that could account for the differential weight loss outcome. The survey consisted of 19 dietary implementation statements and 19 behavior change statements. A degree of dietary implementation was scored from 0 (Have not tried) to 3 (Well implemented). Difficulty in a behavior change was scored from 0 (Strongly agree) to 4 (Strongly disagree). The survey scores were compared between top and bottom tertile groups in weight loss success. Two-tailed t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 21 out of 24 remaining participants returned the survey. Mean weight loss of the top, middle, and bottom tertiles (n = 7 each) was −14.8 ± 2.9, −5.2 ± 0.6 and −1.3 ± 0.6 kg (mean ± SEM) at eight months, respectively. The sum of dietary implementation statement scores in the bottom tertile group (14.5 ± 1.2) was significantly lower (P