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(1) Background: To reduce the incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs) following median sternotomy in cardiac surgery, we compared an occlusive hydrocolloid silver-containing wound dressing (OHSCWD) with a standard wound dressing. (2) Methods: This study was designed as a single-center randomized controlled trial. The primary endpoint was the overall rate of incidence of any kind of SSI. Secondary endpoints were the number of dressing changes, the severity of SSIs, and whether there was a need for treatment. Wounds were monitored daily until the seventh and on the 30th postoperative day. (3) Results: Of the 423 patients included, 352 were analyzed. No differences in demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, intraoperative processes, and postoperative care were found between both groups. Additionally, the incidence or extent of SSI showed no significant differences between the two groups. (4) Conclusions: In summary, out of all pre-, intra-, and postoperative factors, the contribution of postoperative wound care to the development of SSIs appears to play a subordinate role. However, by offering equivalent wound protection and a reduced number of dressing changes, OHSCWD after median sternotomy in cardiac surgery patients could be a good alternative to standard dressings from the point of view of the patient, the staff, and the clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remote extracorporeal life support (ECLS) implantation and mobile ECLS are increasingly applied to enable the treatment of patients with refractory heart failure at specialized care centers. Giant left atrium (GLA) is a rare cause but may lead to acute and devastating heart failure.

Minimalist approaches have evolved for TAVR over the last years with impact on in‐hospital stay and patient safety. As part of this concept, transradial secondary arterial access is capable of reducing vascular and bleeding complications. Yet, steering of the marker pigtail catheter in the descending aorta might by fluoroscopic imaging sometimes be challenging. In our manuscript, we present a very simple "piggyback" technique, simplifying management of transradial secondary access in transfemoral TAVR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transfemoral aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become a standard therapeutic option for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Special anatomies can pose distinct challenges for vascular access and later closure of the access site, for example, in preoperated patients. Here, we elucidate a case of transfemoral TAVR with vascular access by direct puncture of an aorto‐bifemoral bypass graft and illustrate the feasibility of vascular closure by an anchored collagen‐plug vascular closure device (Teleflex MANTA®). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obtaining hemostasis during cardiovascular procedures can be a challenge, particularly around areas with a complex geometry or that are difficult to access. While several topical hemostats are currently on the market, most have caveats that limit their use in certain clinical scenarios such as pulsatile arterial bleeding. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of Veriset™ hemostatic patch in treating cardiovascular bleeding., Methods: Patients (N=90) scheduled for cardiac or vascular surgery at 12 European institutions were randomized 1:1 to treatment with either Veriset™ hemostatic patch (investigational device) or TachoSil ® (control). After application of the hemostat, according to manufacturer instructions for use, time to hemostasis was monitored. Follow-up occurred up to 90 days post-surgery., Results: Median time to hemostasis was 1.5 min with Veriset™ hemostatic patch, compared to 3.0 min with TachoSil ® ( p <0.0001). Serious adverse events within 30 days post-surgery were experienced by 12/44 (27.3%) patients treated with Veriset™ hemostatic patch and 10/45 (22.2%) in the TachoSil ® group ( p =0.6295). None of these adverse events were device-related, and no reoperations for bleeding were required within 5 days post-surgery in either treatment group., Conclusion: This study reinforces the difference in minimum recommended application time between Veriset™ hemostatic patch and TachoSil ® (30 s versus 3 min respectively). When compared directly at 3 min, Veriset™ displayed no significant difference, showing similar hemostasis and safety profiles on the cardiovascular bleeding sites included in this study., Competing Interests: Disclosure All authors or their institutions received support from Covidien (the manufacturer of Veriset™) to conduct this study. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

Introduction: Haemostasis is a critical part of surgery. Haemostatic agent selection is based upon a number of factors including surgeon's experience and choice. This post-marketing survey determined surgeons' intraoperative use and perception of Hemopatch® (Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, IL), a resorbable collagen-based sealing haemostat., Methods and Participants: A one-arm questionnaire was distributed to European general, cardiac, pulmonary, and urologic surgeons who used Hemopatch® to achieve haemostasis in situations where bleeding control by pressure, ligature, or conventional procedures had been ineffective or was impractical. Responses were summarized for patient characteristics, surgical procedures/techniques, and surgeons' assessment of Hemopatch® regarding their overall satisfaction and utilization characteristics of Hemopatch®., Results: Of 1028 responses received from seven European countries, the majority were from Germany (47.3%) or Italy (36%). Most cases were in males (60.7%), 50-75 years of age (61.8%), performed by an open approach (82.5%), with 52.7% general-, 16.2% cardiac-, 7.5% lung, 19.5% urologic-type procedures and 3.7% other/unknown. Successful haemostasis after two minutes of approximation occurred in 93.3% of patients (86.8%-96.9% across surgical subtypes), with similar rates by approach (93.1% open; 94.1% minimally-invasive), and patient's use of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet agents (87.9% - 93.1%). Over 92% of surgeon's rated Hemopatch® as "excellent" or "good" in assessments of overall satisfaction, haemostasis efficacy, ease of preparation, ease of handling, flexibility/pliability, and tissue adherence. These characteristics were rated as excellent or good by 81% or more of surgeons in analyses by surgical subspecialty and surgical approach of open or minimally invasive., Conclusions: Hemopatch® provides effective haemostasis across a variety of surgical procedures, both in open- and minimally-invasive, as well as in patients receiving anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet agents. Surgeon's generally rated their overall satisfaction with Hemopatch®, its haemostatic efficacy, and other characteristics as "much better" or "better" than their previously used haemostat.

Topical hemostatic agents that can seal tissues and assist in the coagulation cascade of patients undergoing surgery have been readily available for several decades. Using either synthetic or animal/plant-derived materials, these agents represent a powerful tool to reduce postoperative bleeding complications in cases where mechanical or energy-driven hemostasis is not possible or insufficient. Recently, a novel sealing hemostatic patch, HEMOPATCH (Baxter International, Deerfield, IL), was developed. The device is a thin and flexible patch consisting of a specifically-formulated porous collagen matrix, coated on one side with a thin protein-binding layer. This gives the patch a dual mechanism of action, in which the two components interact to achieve hemostasis by sealing off the bleeding surface and initiating the body's own clotting mechanisms. Here we present a series of case reports that outline the quick, effective hemostatic sealing of HEMOPATCH in a variety of clinical applications, including solid organ, gastrointestinal, biliopancreatic, endocrine, cardiovascular, and urologic surgeries. Essentially a feasibility study, these reports demonstrate how HEMOPATCH can be applied to seal almost any bleeding surface encountered during a range of procedures. Our results show that the device is eminently capable in both via laparotomy and laparoscopic approaches, and in patients with impaired coagulation or highly variable anatomies. In conclusion, our cases document the ease-of-use, application, and immediate hemostatic effect of the patch across a broad range of surgical settings and paves the way for future randomized clinical trials with more extensive follow-up.

Objective: Recent data suggest continuous monitoring by implanted loop recorder (ILR) to be the criterion standard for rhythm surveillance after atrial ablation. Studies describing patient compliance and pitfalls in the perioperative period are lacking. It was the aim of this study to evaluate patient compliance and time invested by physicians for obtaining data during the follow-up period after implanting an ILR., Methods: We prospectively collected data of 70 consecutive patients undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery, atrial ablation, and implantation of an ILR. Patient compliance was calculated as the ratio of incoming/expected data transmission. We documented total time spent by physicians with preoperative and postoperative supervision., Results: Between February 2012 and February 2013, a total of 70 patients had an ILR implanted; 49 of 70 patients were eligible for evaluation of data at 3-month follow-up. The ratio of incoming/expected data transmission was 12/49 (24%). The mean ± SD time spent with ILR-related issues during hospital stay was 88 ± 19 minutes. Assessment of incoming data and information of the patient and the general practitioner took 132 ± 13 minutes per patient. Overall, a mean ± SD of 220 ± 16 minutes per patient was needed for appropriate data acquisition, from implantation to first data transmission., Conclusions: In the patients having an ILR after surgical atrial ablation, initial compliance regarding data transmission was low. A substantial time effort was necessary to obtain sufficient data on cardiac rhythm. Device-related complications were observed. Patient selection should therefore be handled with care. Beneficial therapeutic decisions can be expected only when reliable data are obtained by efficient management.

Background and Aim of the Study: Aortic valve replacement (AVR) in younger patients is conventionally performed using a mechanical prosthesis (MP), although homograft (HG) implantation is an accepted alternative. This study compares, retrospectively, the follow up of these two dissimilar prostheses., Methods: Since 1990, a total of 147 Sorin Bicarbon MPs and 285 HGs have been implanted at the authors' institution, and compared statistically for survival, reoperation rate and valve-dependent complications. Only patients aged <70 years were included in the study., Results: The demographic parameters of both patient groups differed with regards to gender, age at the time of implantation, and duration of follow up. Survival was superior in the HG group (log-rank, p = 0.01). Sixteen of 42 late deaths in the MP group were valve-related due to cerebral infarction (n = 7), ventricular arrhythmias (n = 3), or ventricular failure (n = 6). Six of 24 deaths after HG implantation were valve-related (all prosthesis infections). The choice of valve type and patient age were independent risk factors in the multivariate analysis. Freedom from reoperation was superior after MP implantation (log rank, p = 0.007); in six MP patients the indications for redo surgery were prosthesis infection (n = 2) and paravalvular leak (n = 4). In 20 HG patients, redo surgery was required due to prosthesis infection (n = 12), stenotic degeneration (n = 2), regurgitation > grade II (n = 4), or paravalvular leak (n = 2). Age at the time of implantation and valve type were independent risk factors. Thromboembolic complications were mainly seen in MP patients (log rank, p <0.001): there were five ischemic infarctions and 11 transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) compared to three TIAs among HG patients. Cerebral bleeding was found in only 18 cases after MP implantation, and in no cases after HG implantation. In the multivariate analysis, the type of prosthesis was an independent risk factor., Conclusion: As expected, these data confirm a longer time period without need for reoperation after MP implantation, but demonstrate a significantly higher survival and fewer complications after AVR with HG.

Background and Aim of the Study: Aortic valve replacement using homografts is an accepted alternative to the use of other replacement devices, and has been established at the authors' institution for more than 10 years., Methods: Since 1992, a total of 389 homografts was implanted, and 332 patients (mean age 54 years, 72% males) were followed up. The initial patients (n = 75) had subcoronary implantation, all subsequent patients had root replacement. Both aortic grafts (AG) and pulmonary grafts (PG) were used. Follow up was conducted with regard to the factors 'graft origin', 'implantation technique' and 'gender', and included clinical examination, ECG and transthoracic echocardiography on an annual basis., Results: Overall 30-day mortality was 5.4% (AG patients 3.9%, PG patients 13.5%; p = 0.09). Among late deaths (n = 22), six were valve-related (all prosthetic infection). Four minor thrombembolic events were recorded due to amaurosis fugax and transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Freedom from reoperation was 86.5%. Indication for graft replacement was greater after subcoronary implantation than after root implantation (p = 0.04). Reoperation was necessary in 24 patients due to restenosis (n = 4), regurgitation grade >II (n = 5), paravalvular leak (n = 2) and prosthetic infection (n = 13). At the latest echocardiographic follow up, mean peak pressure gradient was 15.60 +/- 11.76 mmHg, homograft regurgitation grade was 0.82 +/- 0.66, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (EDD) was 49.1 +/- 7.54 mm, and mean aortic root diameter was 30.54 +/- 5.48 mm. When comparing parameters at a mean of five years postoperatively, the pressure gradient increased from 10.26 to 15.02 mmHg, regurgitation grade increased from 0.53 to 0.81, and EDD decreased from 52.3 to 50.4 mm. Other variables showed no significant differences., Conclusion: The present results confirmed good midterm-results for aortic valve replacement with homografts. These prostheses are vulnerable to infection, and root replacement was superior to the subcoronary implantation technique.