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Multiple approaches utilizing viral and DNA vectors have shown promise in the development of an effective vaccine against HIV. In this study, an alternative replication-defective flavivirus vector, RepliVax (RV), was evaluated for the delivery of HIV-1 immunogens. Recombinant RV-HIV viruses were engineered to stably express clade C virus Gag and Env (gp120TM) proteins and propagated in Vero helper cells. RV-based vectors enabled efficient expression and correct maturation of Gag and gp120TM proteins, were apathogenic in a sensitive suckling mouse neurovirulence test, and were similar in immunogenicity to recombinant poxvirus NYVAC-HIV vectors in homologous or heterologous prime-boost combinations in mice. In a pilot NHP study, immunogenicity of RV-HIV viruses used as a prime or boost for DNA or NYVAC candidates was compared to a DNA prime/NYVAC boost benchmark scheme when administered together with adjuvanted gp120 protein. Similar neutralizing antibody titers, binding IgG titers measured against a broad panel of Env and Gag antigens, and ADCC responses were observed in the groups throughout the course of the study, and T cell responses were elicited. The entire data demonstrate that RV vectors have the potential as novel HIV-1 vaccine components for use in combination with other promising candidates to develop new effective vaccination strategies.

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a debilitating overuse injury of the tibia sustained by individuals who perform recurrent impact exercise such as athletes and military recruits. Characterised by diffuse tibial anteromedial or posteromedial surface subcutaneous periostitis, in most cases it is also an injury involving underlying cortical bone microtrauma, although it is not clear if the soft tissue or cortical bone reaction occurs first. Nuclear bone scans and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can both be used for the diagnosis of MTSS, but the patient's history and clinical symptoms need to be considered in conjunction with the imaging findings for a correct interpretation of the results, as both imaging modalities have demonstrated positive findings in the absence of injury. However, MRI is rapidly becoming the preferred imaging modality for the diagnosis of bone stress injuries. It can also be used for the early diagnosis of MTSS, as the developing periosteal oedema can be identified. Retrospective studies have demonstrated that MTSS patients have lower bone mineral density (BMD) at the injury site than exercising controls, and preliminary data indicates the BMD is lower in MTSS subjects than tibial stress fracture (TSF) subjects. The values of a number of tibial geometric parameters such as cross-sectional area and section modulus are also lower in MTSS subjects than exercising controls, but not as low as the values in TSF subjects. Thus, the balance between BMD and cortical bone geometry may predict an individual's likelihood of developing MTSS. However, prospective longitudinal studies are needed to determine how these factors alter during the development of the injury and to find the detailed structural cause, which is still unknown. Finite element analysis has recently been used to examine the mechanisms involved in tibial stress injuries and offer a promising future tool to understand the mechanisms involved in MTSS. Contemporary accurate diagnosis of

Two microcomputers, a Digital Equipment Corporation VT-103 and an Octagon Systems Corporation SYS-1, were interfaced with a General Motors Model 1-53X3 single cylinder diesel engine to provide automated data acquisition and data reduction and engine control while running classroom experiments. Engine inlet and exhaust temperatures and pressures, RPM, torque and fuel flow along with additional engine parameters can be measured with the aid of a computer. Values for parameters such as specific fuel consumption, air-to-fuel ratio, and thermal efficiency can then be computed and both measured and computed values can be displayed and recorded. The Digital Equipment Corporation Computer is the parent computer and is used interactively for data acquisition and data reduction and for feedback control through the Octagon computer to which it is linked. The Octagon computer is used exclusively for control of the engine speed and load. (Author)

The deposit was discovered in 1968 and between 1977 and 1985 geotechnical surveys and metallurgical testing culminated in an ore reserve calculation of 12 523 000 tonnes of ore grading 6.36 g/t Au. The deposit lies on a NW-trending regional fault in the Ala Tau range of the Northern Tien Shan Mountains at an elevation of 3 800 m. It is hosted by a large, lower Palaeozoic quartz diorite and quartz syenite complex with later porphyritic and aplitic intrusions, and metasediments and volcanogenic sediments occurring as inliers. The deposit shows a transition from massive quartz veining to quartz stockworks to quartz veining and stringer zones. All geological, metallurgical, engineering, social and financial aspects of the project are currently being assessed. It is likely that the deposit will be mined initially by open pit methods to produce about 1 320 000 oz of Au with the remainder (810 000 oz) being produced by underground methods., The deposit was discovered in 1968 and between 1977 and 1985 geotechnical surveys and metallurgical testing culminated in an ore reserve calculation of 12 523 000 tonnes of ore grading 6.36 g/t Au. The deposit lies on a NW-trending regional fault in the Ala Tau range of the Northern Tien Shan Mountains at an elevation of 3 800 m. It is hosted by a large, lower Palaeozoic quartz diorite and quartz syenite complex with later porphyritic and aplitic intrusions, and metasediments and volcanogenic sediments occurring as inliers. The deposit shows a transition from massive quartz veining to quartz stockworks to quartz veining and stringer zones. All geological, metallurgical, engineering, social and financial aspects of the project are currently being assessed. It is likely that the deposit will be mined initially by open pit methods to produce about 1 320 000 oz of Au with the remainder (810 000 oz) being produced by underground methods.