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Despite the significant growth of online education worldwide, the online educational experiences of students living with disabilites (SWDs) have been largely overlooked. This research presents an analysis of themes that emerged from in-depth interviews related to the authentic experiences of SWDs. Derived from the experience territory matrix three types of educational experiences that students encounter in their online journey (enchantment, re-enchantment, and disenchantment) were contextualised using the psycho-emotional model of disability. The study identified varying degrees of both enabling and disabling factors (i.e., perceived student-customer orientation, respect, experience quality, structural barriers, and internalised oppression). These factors contribute to the education experiences of SWDs that go beyond the curriculum with implications for institutional guidelines and the design of specific interventions targeting the needs of SWDs. Findings revealed how educational experiences can be improved for SWDs when addressing structural barriers, social interactions, internalised oppressions, and by enhancing student-customer orientation dimensions, and respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hate Crime Statistics Act (HCSA) of 1990 requires the federal government to publicly release official hate crime statistics annually; the HCSA does not, however, mandate that local agencies submit hate crime reports to the government in the first place. Although research has evaluated the reporting of hate crime statistics in a dichotomous fashion (compliance vs. noncompliance), the current study suggests that the consistent and invariable reporting of zero hate crimes in a particular jurisdiction over time is unlikely and thus better conceptualized as a third response strategy: ceremonious compliance. We examine this strategy as a potentially unique institutional behavior, structured by local political and historical contexts, including discursive differences in the identification of hate crime as an important social problem, and localized histories of racial oppression. This research then uses multilevel multinomial logistic regression models to estimate variation in the likelihood of differential compliance strategies (i.e., true compliance, ceremonious compliance, noncompliance), according to several political and historical factors, including Republican vote share, location in the Confederate South, and historical lynchings. Findings reveal that political and historical contexts are important predictors of agency responses to hate crime, with a particular tendency toward ceremonious compliance in Republican‐leaning locales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify the patterns of change in contemporary resistance formation in the West Bank, focusing on «Jenin Brigade» and the «Lion's Den». The study suggests that there are signs of transformation in Palestinian activism that have produced new patterns of resistance, influenced by the Palestinian environment, Israeli policies, and the success of such contemporary patterns influencing Palestinian activism. The study hypothesizes that Palestinian activism is undergoing a maturation phase, which inturn led to the maturation of Palestinian resistance that is strongly tied to ideological transcendence thought. The study concludes that there is a growth in resistance in the West Bank and an Israeli failure to subdue the new Palestinian identity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an exploration of possible journeys towards freedom from colonial states of mind. These inner worlds are the distorting forms of self‐observation brought about by living under oppressive conditions, and includes those associated with colonialism itself, and also coloniality, the enduring legacy left behind by colonial regimes. Fanon describes the effect of colonialism on subjectivity as creating "a zone of nonbeing" and suggests freedom from it requires internally "an authentic upheaval." This paper draws the parallels between Fanon's zone of nonbeing and states of mind untethered from the shackles of colonial definition. These states, akin to reverie are potentially the place from which the quest for a new authenticity of being might be found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper outlines a genealogy of interracial alliances forged in different parts of the world between organisations and social movements in order to show their potential and the challenges they face. Next, I focus on creating a typology of anti-racist alliances in order to illuminate the Mexican case, specifically during the years 2017 and 2018. I highlight the consequences for anti-racist struggles of the ambiguities around Mestizo identification: contexts of mestizaje (mixture) prevent Mestizo people from locating themselves in relation to practices of racism, and from identifying the role they play in the reproduction or elimination of racism. Finally, using two case studies, I explain the nuances of the strengths and the challenges involved in developing alliances, solidarities or, simply, coalitions for common causes, which very rarely imply having the fight against racism as a common cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although clinical social work seeks to center the transformative potential of human relationships, practitioners are experiencing heightened systemic and organizational impingements from the dehumanizing pressures of neoliberalism. Neoliberalism and racism diminish the vitality and transformative potential of human relationships, disproportionately affecting Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) communities. Practitioners are also experiencing increased stress and burnout related to increased caseloads and decreased professional autonomy and organizational practitioner support. Holistic, culturally responsive, and anti-oppressive processes seek to counter these oppressive forces but need further development to synthesize antioppressive structural understandings with embodied relational interactions. Practitioners can potentially contribute to efforts that apply critical theories and antioppressive understandings within their practice and workplace. Through an iterative flow of three sets of practices, the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic supports practitioners' efforts to respond in those challenging everyday moments where oppressive forms of power are imposed and embedded within systemic processes. With themselves and other colleagues, practitioners engage in compassionate REcover practices; use curious, critical reflection to UNcover full understandings of power dynamics, impacts, and meanings; and draw on creative courage to DIScover and enact socially just and humanizing responses. This paper describes how practitioners can use the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic in two common challenging moments of clinical practice: systemic practice impingements and implementing a new training or practice model. The heuristic seeks to support practitioners' efforts to preserve and expand socially just, relational spaces for themselves and those with whom they work within the context of systemic dehumanizing neoliberal forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While much has been said on the connection between dominant rationality standards and systemic oppression, the specific role of logic in supporting epistemic injustice has not received much explicit attention. In this paper I highlight several ways in which it is possible for logic – as a discipline, as a particular system and as a gloss for rational common sense – to be implicated in epistemic injustice. Concrete examples are given for testimonial, content-based, hermeneutical and contributory injustices. I conclude by elaborating on how the need to address these injustices affects the attitudes we should carry toward logic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social justice is a very old concept, which germinated in its mature forms during the era of Gautam Buddha, Plato and Aristotle, and has undergone continual academic and sociopolitical refinements over the centuries through rich contributions of many Kings, Queens, Social Workers, Scholars and others. The concept social justice has always been placed at prominent places by the academic community whether discussing of the colonialism, globalism, communism or other issues. Karl Marx reignited the notion of social justice among the intellectuals. After WWII, most of the nations gained independence, and thus the significance of the social justice increased manifold than ever before—to see that how far these countries deliver justice to the marginalized communities at their territories, since they are no more under the clutch of their erstwhile colonial masters. Thus, during the entire period starting from Plato to Rawls and beyond many scholars have contributed through various perspectives on the issue of justice. The major theories have been grouped here into various perspectives and briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on the previously somewhat neglected Ambedkarism, as the author found that this ideology to be even more relevant and practical in the modern context of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender eliminativism, also known as gender abolitionism, is the view that we should get rid of gender. I defend gender eliminativism by suggesting that many arguments that ostensibly call for rejecting it are in fact just arguments for delaying it. Although it may be true that presently gender eliminativism should not occur because of the role gender plays in people's identities, because of the need for gender to remedy oppression, because elimination is not pragmatic, because elimination is utopian, and because we should have more rather than fewer genders, these are all reasons to delay, rather than deny, gender eliminativism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The struggle for a dignified life is an extensive path that includes different dimensions of living, inhabiting and building, of disputing space and property. Frequently it begins with the search for access to housing, but it is fed by struggles for access to health, education, work. In response to these demands, in the last decade, in Ecuador, the production of social interest housing has increased while the sense of struggle of the population has been limited. Through an ethnographic approach to the beneficiaries of the "Casa para Todos" project in the Ecuadorian Amazon, and a detailed analysis of the form of government and housing policies, the question is answered, in what way has the Ecuadorian State generated oppression and subordination to through the production of social interest housing and its parallel public policies? The results show that the way of acting of the State and its strategy, consciously or unconsciously to create a subordination of the poor, is successful. The action of the State through agreements with the beneficiaries is aimed at generating powerless people, who remain in a constant state of uncertainty and arbitrariness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foucault's corpus is animated by an ethical or political impulse: to liberate individuals from a kind of oppression, one which does not involve the familiar tyranny of the totalitarian state but exploits instead values that the victim of oppression herself accepts, and which then leads the oppressed agent to be complicit in her own subjugation. Foucault's critique also depends on a skeptical thesis about the epistemological authority of the social sciences that is supposed to be supported by his genealogies of those sciences. It is this conjunction of claims – that individuals oppress themselves in virtue of certain normative claims they accept because of their supposed epistemic merits – that marks Foucault's uniquely disturbing contribution to the literature whose diagnostic aim is, with Weber, to understand the oppressive character of modernity, and whose moral aim is, with the Frankfurt School, human liberation. Foucault is also a kind of 'realist' in his approach: he does not offer moral arguments to persuade people that they ought to behave differently than they do, but instead shows people the actual history of the institutions and norms to which they subjugate themselves. This essay explains Foucault's critical and realist project, and concludes with critical reflections on its plausibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent empirical work attempts to investigate how implicit biases target those facing intersectional oppression. This is welcome, since early work on implicit biases focused on single axes of discrimination, such as race, gender, or age. However, the success of such empirical work on how biases target those facing intersectional oppressions depends on adequate conceptualizations of intersectionality and empirical measures that are responsive to these conceptualizations. Surveying prominent recent empirical work, we identify failures in conceptualizations of intersectionality that inform the design of empirical measures. These failures generate unsupported conclusions about the kinds of biases that those experiencing multiple oppressions face, and render proposed interventions to combat biases useless at best, harmful at worst. We also diagnose unwarranted assumptions about how stereotypes combine in complex concepts: first, that when "simple" social concepts combine the complex concepts inherit the associated stereotypes of their simpler constituent concepts; second that studies which focus on cognition about single social categories are investigating "simple" social concepts (cf. Goff and Khan 2013). We tease out recommendations to guide future investigations into biases that target those who experience multiple oppressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes its departure from Rebecca Solnit's idea that there should be “hope in darkness” as we work towards a shared preferred future that resists gendered and racial inequities and oppressions. We put forward “actionable” hope which embodies hope as an everyday action, an activism enacted by “tempered radicals” (Meyerson & Scully, 1995). This thinking about the relationship between hope and activism emerged through our coming together and was bound by our learning and privileging of Indigenous knowledges and a strengths and hope perspective. The paper is presented in the form and style of polyphonic writing conveying the openness and generosity of spirit that the strengths and hope perspective carries for tempered radicals. Our “insider” and “outsider” positionings unfold as we engage in unsettling discussions of “privilege.” Our practices give recognition to being sensitive to issues of belonging, care, and collective hope, while working towards transformative social change that addresses systemic inequalities. Belonging is seen as essential for collective everyday activism which requires affective actional hope for realizing shared preferred futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Experiencing gender‐based violence (GBV) is common among refugees. Intersecting systems of oppression can increase the risk of GBV and of suffering detrimental consequences, while concurrently creating barriers to meaningful support. Despite this, refugees with lived experience of GBV are rarely involved in the development, planning and adaptation of services and policies. Methods: This article reports on a formative research process that aimed to involve public contributors (refugee victim‐survivors of GBV) and relevant stakeholders in co‐designing a service model aimed at improving psychosocial support in Sweden. Led by a partnership of public contributors and academic researchers, the research process consisted of iterative cycles of co‐design workshops, complemented by scoping of existing literature. Results: The co‐design process resulted in a characterisation of the psychosocial service system needs, as perceived by the survivor co‐researchers and stakeholders, and a two‐level empowerment and support service model. The model included (i) a community‐based intervention to promote help‐seeking and (ii) psychosocial group support delivered in specialist clinics. Outcomes of the project included perceived benefits for those involved, service‐led direct changes and acquisition of funding for continued research on the co‐designed model. Conclusion: Improving psychosocial support for refugees in Sweden affected by GBV requires safe spaces to connect with peers and familiarise with available services, laws and rights in the society. Further, strengthened collaborations across sectors are necessary to meet the variety of needs. Co‐design workshops were an effective way to initiate changes in the service delivery model for psychosocial support for refugees in Sweden affected by GBV. Patient or Public Contributions: This is a participatory reflection on a participatory process. The survivor co‐researchers contributed to designing and carrying out the PPI process and have co‐authored this manuscript. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to provide a description of the intersectionality approach and to offer an overview of the transformation and appropriation processes within the context of the transatlantic journey of this approach. Additionally, the current state of the discussion within the context of biblical studies will be outlined. An application of an intersectional analysis to a New Testament text example will be conducted based on the dialog at Jacob's well between the Samaritan woman and Jesus in John 4. When applying the intersectionality approach, an attempt will be made to critically examine power and oppression structures on all three levels: the world of the text, the context of the New Testament, and the world of interpretation and interpretation history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

4E approaches to affective technology tend to focus on how 'users' manage their situated affectivity, analogously to how they help themselves cognitively through epistemic actions or using artefacts and scaffolding. Here I focus on cases where the function of affective technology is to exploit or manipulate the agent engaging with it. My opening example is the cigarette, where technological refinements have harmfully transformed the affective process of consuming nicotine. I proceed to develop case studies of two very different but also harmful affective technologies. Casinos and electronic gambling machines deploy computationally intensive scaffolding to shape the onset and continuation of gambling episodes. High-heeled shoes affectively engineer wearers' relationships to their own embodied capacities and are predominantly expected to be worn by women. I conclude with a discussion of the need for study of affective technology to focus other-directed applications, some of which will serve competing or antagonistic interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore patriarchy and inferiority as social oppression experienced by Muslim women, as well as the reconstruction of selfhood that Muslim women achieved despite the oppression inflicted upon them by patriarchy and inferiority. To achieve this aim, the novel Brick Lane (2003) by the contemporary Bangladeshi-British author Ali will be analysed, with a focus on the social dilemmas faced by the Muslim female character, Nazneen. Through the analysis of the selected novel, this study will underscore the powerful role of inferiority and patriarchy in unjustly oppressing Muslim women, while also highlighting the reconstruction of selfhood as a crucial pathway to their liberation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roma in Europe are suffering from manifold injustices and are subject to serious discrimination; carried out both interpersonally as well as institutionally. As with most forms of oppression, the oppression of Roma has a long history in Europe. This paper shows how a genealogy of the oppression of Roma in Europe provides a more adequate understanding of the oppression that Roma face within Europe nowadays. Furthermore, the paper delineates the particular epistemic features of said oppression with the help of some examples and argues that it takes three forms: epistemic segregation, dominant intelligibility frameworks of white supremacy, and dismissal of ‘the right to be known’. The paper then uses the epistemic dimension of the ongoing oppression to argue that Roma can be accurately described as (a) internally colonized subjects and (b) as suffering from internal colonization – in the midst of Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within feminism there is no unified perspective on surrogate pregnancy (sp). Feminist disagreement generally translates into a debate between the defense of autonomy and the protection from exploitation and oppression. This formula, however, overlooks the common feminist framework of the debate, within which limiting oppression and promoting women's autonomy should be considered shared goals. I will advance the debate by analyzing these shared objectives by appealing to contemporary literature on personal autonomy. I will argue that the models of autonomy assumed by those who defend sp as a form of self-determination mask significant forms of oppression in contemporary contexts and that it is only by adopting a particular conception of autonomy that feminist proposals contrary to sp can be seen as hostile to autonomy. I conclude that reflecting and legislating on sp requires models of autonomy that are sensitive to different forms of oppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complexity in the structure of power relations is a fruitful site of analysis that an intersectional framework brings to bear in articulating radical Black feminisms. The psychological literature utilizing an intersectional approach to study stereotyping has illuminated the importance of moving beyond a single-identity or single-axis lens. For instance, there is burgeoning literature showing that there are unique social categorizations and perceptions that vary by combinations of multiple group memberships (e.g., race and gender together). Further, an intersectional approach also draws attention to similarities and connections across different groups with unique relationships to systems of power and oppression. Focusing on these areas of similarities across difference provides insight into contexts that reinforce social inequality and are powerful avenues for building collective power through coalitions to address inequity. Therefore, the current investigation sought to address how Black and Latinx people in New York City discuss these sites of similarities and differences in power and privilege as they relate to their understanding of sexual stereotypes and their consequences in their everyday lives. We conducted 11 focus groups with 75 participants. Using thematic analysis, we identified four major themes highlighting shared and distinct stereotype-based experiences, including microaggressions and discrimination, double standards, interpersonal relationships, and emotional and behavioral responses. Beyond illuminating harmful consequences of sexual stereotypes, findings underscore the radical potential for achieving collective liberation by amplifying oppressed groups' commonalities and differences simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the idea of how an individual's sociocultural intersectional identities influence the amount of power and influence they can wield in their position as a leader in groups. Based on her experiences of facilitating international process groups, the author introduces the new concept of system imago and compares and contrasts it to the concept of group imago. The notion of system imago invites the reader to look at how systems self-organize and the different unconscious roles individuals end up taking in perpetuating systems that only promote people with certain intersectional identities. This article emphasizes how social conditioning and unconscious biases can continue to perpetuate cycles of systemic oppression and render leaders from an underprivileged background in a powerless position despite their positional power in systems. The article concludes with reflective questions to invite readers to look at how they might work as allies to support leaders from nonprivileged backgrounds and bring about social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay takes a radical-relational perspective on systemic, institutional, and individual leadership. It identifies the function of intersectionality and feminism in decoding normative mindsets in leadership. Then, using the ideas of power, authority, and responsibility, the author describes the relational psychodynamics between the powerful and the vulnerable. Two examples are offered to illustrate how these dynamics operate. The first describes mental health provision in the United Kingdom, and the second is a personal example from the author's experiences as a young teacher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In 2018, The Live Well Allegheny: Lifting Wellness for African Americans (LWA2) Initiative was developed to support six priority, Black communities in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania to address health equity in chronic disease. The LWA2 coalition members participated in ongoing anti-racism and racial equity sessions with a nationally recognized anti-racist facilitation team. The sessions included a 2-days experience in January 2020 along with follow up meetings throughout 2020. Methods: Surveys were administered to understand their perceptions related to anti-racism and oppression and subsequent actions as a result of the sessions. Additionally, we conducted nine in-depth interviews with organizational partners (January -May 2020) to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the coalition and inform future activities. Results: Ten participants completed the post session surveys. Seven out of 10 survey respondents felt they had a good understanding of how oppression (racism, sexism, capitalism) influenced their life and work. However, the majority indicated needing the tools to implement anti-racist strategies in their work. The in-depth interviews with organizational partners revealed that racial equity was of concern to all partners but there was variability in intentionality around racial equity as a core element of each organization's mission, goals and subsequent actions. Discussion: As a result of the interviews, coalition members developed a racial equity statement and theory of change for implementation in the coalition work and within individual organizations along with a plan for implementing an equity audit of the coalition. Coalitions of this kind should be intentional about implementing continuous strategies related to anti-racism for structural changes toward achieving racial equity in their overall work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welma Odendaal's Getuie vir die naaktes (1974) and Miriam Tlali's Muriel at Metropolitan (1975) were published around the same time and played a pioneering role. Both were not only literary debuts, but also made an innovative contribution to the wider South African literary scene because of their early focus on intersecting social categories of race, gender, class, age and sexuality in the characters' everyday lives. The ensuing interlocking forms of oppression and privilege are connected with the apartheid regime, capitalism and patriarchy, and correlate with power, social and financial status. This article wants to provide insight into these intertwined dynamics by comparing Tlali's novel and Odendaal's short story "Die pro van Wes-Einde" using an intersectional lens, combined with critical discourse analysis. The juxtaposition of these narratives in terms of lexical choices, including figures of speech and word patterns, in interaction with social categories illustrates how lexical power mechanisms function similarly or differently across various constellations of intersectionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Drawing on ethnographic data of an urban school, this paper contrasts how two White female teachers take up the idea of 'teaching for social justice.' Fourth-grade teacher Maestra Rachel enacts a superficial understanding focused solely on curricular topics, while third-grade teacher Maestra Jennifer roots her teaching in an understanding of how students experience racial oppression in school. These cases demonstrate that a praxis of justice attends to curriculum and power, relationships, pedagogy, achievement, and identity. White teachers, specifically, must interrogate the role of Whiteness in their teaching, or they risk engaging in virtue signaling that reproduces injustice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary What Is Known on the Subject What the Paper Adds to Existing Knowledge What Are the Implications for Practice Introduction Methods Findings Discussion Conclusion Following their experience, patients with physical restraints often experienced traumatic sensations. The experiences of healthcare professionals' (HCPs') are primarily concerned with moral distress or conflicts between loyalty to the treatment and oppression of the patient's freedom when implementing RIs. Improving the competency of HCPs can help establish therapeutic relationships rooted in compassionate care and facilitate appropriate assessments to determine whether and how often RIs are necessary. Furthermore, fostering an environment that guarantees patient safety and dignity, assuring a sufficient staffing ratio, and providing opportunities to share RI experiences can help improve the quality of care and build safe environments for RIs. Effective interaction between HCPs and patients, thorough patient assessment, and compassionate patient care may improve competency of HCPs intervene RIs procedures. Creating a safe therapeutic environment, including improvements to structural environments, increasing the staff‐to‐patient ratio, establishing organizational policies that guarantee staff debriefing, provide emotional support, provide appropriate training programs to HCPs to their coping skills during RIs also reduce the use of RIs and improve the quality of mental health care. Restrictive interventions (RIs) are used in psychiatric inpatient units for ensuring safety. However, few studies have comprehensively reviewed physical restraint and seclusion experiences from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare professionals' (HCPs'). This study aims to gain an in‐depth understanding of the RI experiences of mental health inpatients and HCPs.A meta‐synthesis was undertaken of qualitative studies exploring the RI experiences. Five electronic databases were searched and additional manual searches were performed for studies published within the last decade. Twelve articles were included, and a thematic analysis was conducted. The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) checklist was used to assess data quality.Two main subthemes were identified: ‘Competency of HCPs’ (three subthemes: interaction between patients and HCPs, assessment methods, and care) and ‘systems’ (three subthemes: environment, protocols with training, and debriefing), including both positive and negative experiences.The Competency of HCPs and the ward environment are critical factors related to patients' unmet needs. Effective interactions between HCPs and patients, thorough patient assessments, and compassionate patient care are important elements of RI implementation.An environment that guarantees safety and care with dignity, sufficient staffing ratios, and opportunities to share RI experiences may improve quality of care and create safe environments for RIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study focuses on a pragmatic analysis and interpretation of the language that portrays oppression and injustice against women in Flora Nwapa’s One Is Enough and Ifeoma Okoye’s Behind The Clouds. In order to attain the set objectives for this study, Acheoah’s model of pragma-crafting theory was adopted. The study focused on manifestations of the linguistic, extra-linguistic, and psychological acts and pragma-crafting features in the chosen data. It was found that all three acts (linguistic, extra-linguistic, and psychological acts), together with the pragma-crafting features were used in all the selected data and some elements of speech acts, supra-segmental features, semiotic particulars like silencing, and so on were hugely utilized in the interactants’ expressions. Also, the pragma-crafting elements manifested in context presupposition, shared macro knowledge, contextual knowledge, behavioral implicature, and operational language. The study concludes that the speakers’ choice of words was in order to perform oppressive acts against women in our society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aimed to provide insight into how people with a non-Christian background experience Christian privilege in Northern Ireland (NI) and to consider implications for the counseling profession. The current qualitative study was located in a transformative paradigm; it intended to advance a social justice agenda in counseling. Data were collected in five mini focus groups and one individual interview from 15 participants with a non-Christian background. Braun and Clarke's (2006) reflexive thematic analysis (TA) was used to analyze the data, focusing on semantic level content. Analysis of data led to one overarching theme and five related themes. The overarching theme Outsiders captured how non-Christian participants often experienced the normalization of Christianity as the dominant worldview as oppression; they frequently felt they were treated as strangers who did not belong. Related themes included: Systemic Invisibility, Different and Alienated, Treated as an Enemy, Demeaned, Attacked, and Under Threat, and Attempts to Force Religious Conformity. The urgent need for the counseling profession in Christian hegemonic societies to critically engage with the phenomenon of Christian privilege was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding power and resistance dynamics from below requires focusing on the micropolitics of oppressed group existence. This involves exploring the ways members of the oppressed and resisting groups make sense of power in terms of identity, community, culture, and politics. As Kurdish researchers living in Turkey and Bakurê Kurdistan, we conducted in‐depth interviews with 16 Kurds in Van and Istanbul. We explored contemporary Kurdish epistemologies and praxis of racial critical consciousness toward contents and sources of Kurdish power. In this pursuit, we contextualized and synergized tenets of Critical Race Theory (CRT) and anticolonial approaches. Our analysis shows that Kurdish understandings of power involve both representations and boundaries. Both themes are influenced by the multifaceted Kurdishness as an exteriority, a reclaimed racialized identity, an epistemology of existence, and a praxis of resisting in response to Turkish coloniality. Furthermore, the sub‐themes of power highlighted senses of agency, capacity, resources, community bonds, and social organization. We suggest that Kurdish power is constituted beyond a dualistic understanding of power, capable of creating subaltern strategies. We contribute to the transnational extensions of CRT and provide a contextualized account of antiracist and anticolonial resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay David Shuang Song uses Bourdieusian theory and its contemporary reapplications to address theoretical problems in Tara Yosso's concept of community cultural wealth and to propose a rethinking of the influential model. He argues for redirecting attention to how agents both make exchangeable and exchange the legitimized practices and objects in a marginalized ethnic/racial community with those of the formal education system. Song illustrates this reconceptualization through a sketch of his ethnographic research on a community school in one large city's Chinatown. His approach emphasizes key Bourdieusian concepts that are sometimes missing in education research and sociology of education, resituates Bourdieusian theory as capable of offering insights into racialization and racial oppression in the United States, and offers insights for the study of community-based education projects among people of color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ongoing debate between 'procedural' and 'substantive' theorists of personal autonomy addresses the following question: should agents have the final say on their own autonomy or should the objective circumstances in which agents live take prevalence when assessing their autonomy? Proceduralists favour the first strategy and substantive theorists restrict more explicitly the conditions under which autonomy is possible. I focus on forms of heteronomy which derive from oppressive circumstances and accept that substantive theorists are correct in contending that (i) forms of oppression common in contemporary liberal societies (e.g. gender or racial oppression) tend to increase heteronomy; and (ii) the heteronomy which derives from social oppression tends to fly below the radar of procedural accounts. Still, I argue that a revised procedural strategy could limit these forms of heteronomy as long as it avoids the injunctions to 'authenticity' common in procedural models. I proceed by reconstructing John Christman's model which, I argue, constitutes the most promising procedural account to assess autonomy under oppression. Christman's theory, however, needs to be reinforced to ensure self-problematisation in light of a social perspective. I show that the latter is necessary to experience the forms of alienation which are markers of heteronomy according to Christman. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on unjust credibility deficits in cases of testimony about emotional reactions towards acts of oppression. It argues that the injustice in these cases is not rooted in the hearer's identity prejudices against the speaker, but the hearer's problematic way of dealing with his simulation of being in the speaker's situation. The simulation is in itself not morally problematic. However, I focus on a case where the hearer either recklessly or negligently fails to consider knowledge about the differences in people's emotional reactions and comes to believe that his simulated reaction is the only possible reaction, thus believing that the speaker does not report her emotions truthfully.In this case, the 'epistemic poison' results from the recklessness or negligence not necessarily from identity prejudice against the speaker. This credibility deficit is unjust, yet its persistent and systematic nature stems from the fact that a hearer who is not from the same marginalized or oppressed group as the speaker will simulate different emotional reactions to those reported by the speaker. Hence, the unjust credibility deficit can be connected to other forms of social injustices suffered by the speaker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Gothic genre has historically been adopted by women writers to express their subversive gender views. In The Tenancy, Figes depicts the systematic oppression of the patriarchal society against women during the latter half of the twentieth century. She also revises the traditional Gothic topos of "oppression" in terms of three aspects: victim, intersectionality, and the source of oppression. Female victims no longer hold traditional gender values; they are new women who are oppressed for their nonconformity. This novel also shows that, with the development of technology and urbanization, patriarchal oppression has become more anonymous and more systematic, during which process gender and class parameters intersect with each other. Figes's revision upon the "oppression" topos reveals a more revolutionary insight than most Gothic novels in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. As a result, The Tenancy marks a significant transition from the female Gothic to the feminist Gothic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, social workers serve a growing number of clients who are culturally and linguistically diverse. The importance of cultural competence in the quality of social work is evident. There is a greater need for different educational models and approaches to enhance the teaching of cultural competence in social work students. The present research study was carried out as an intervention study with a pretest and posttest design, with both experimental(n = 29) and control(n = 29) groups. For this study, we developed the Cultural Competence Education Model (CCEM) in the context of Turkey by examining various preexisting social work education models. We used CCEM in the intervention phase of the study. The results of this study confirm the effectiveness of the CCEM. In particular, the data obtained from the pretest and posttest measurements show that the content of the training contributes to the cultural knowledge, self-awareness, awareness and cultural sensitivity of the participants on pressure and diversity. To conclude, the study provides offers recommendations for the development of basic knowledge for cultural competence skills and culturally effective practices in the future, and concludes with a call that additionally calls for the integration of integrating cultural competence education into the general social work education curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whiteness is a pernicious and pervasive problem deeply rooted in the fabric of public institutions and organizations. This article critically examines the intricate interplay between whiteness, black oppression, consciousness, power dynamics, and liberation within academe. The authors interrogate the historical and socio-political foundations of whiteness and its pervasive influence on systemic marginalization and oppression. We draw from Black studies, whiteness studies, and critical race theory to both theorize constructions of whiteness and analyze its impact on Black oppression in the academy. We advocate for shifts in institutional practice preceded by shifts in consciousness that would then influence behavior. We propose two alternative models to analyze whiteness: Framework 1: explores the nature of whiteness and white normativity as embedded in a paradigm that centers power in privilege, fear, and fragility; Framework 2 puts forth a liberatory vision, one that requires a shift from privilege to environmentally sustainable living, from fragility to internal resilience, and from fear to the decolonization of the mind. These frameworks call out and seek to disrupt oppressive structures, intending to decolonize and emancipate our minds and envision ways to dismantle and disentangle ourselves from blindly obeying norms perpetrated by whiteness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased visibility, legal protections, and the affirmative paradigm of care have changed the living conditions of transgender people in liberal areas in the United States. Grounding our investigation in an intersectional framework (Ben Hagai et al., 2020), we ask how transgender people of different generations describe their gender identity, experience of oppression, and engage with community support. An in-depth analysis of 28 interviews with racially diverse, predominantly low-income, transgender participants living in the San Francisco Bay Area indicates a shifting understanding of trans identity across generations. Transgender participants who are part of the Baby Boomer generation described their gender as a journey that begins with gender dissonance and ends with an expression of one's true gendered self. The participants of the Millennial generation used a narrative in which their gender was a space to be explored without a particular desired endpoint. Participants of both generations reported transphobic abuse, but those of the older generation experienced more violence and felt less agency combating family abuse; older participants tended to engage with the LGBTQ + community more than younger participants who relied on peer support. These findings can assist therapists, doctors, and educators in better serving trans people by providing inclusive care that affirms different ways of being trans across generational cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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