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5 results on '"OBSTACLE A LA MIGRATION"'

1. La technologie RFID pour évaluer le franchissement piscicole d'une buse aménagée de grande dimension

Author

A. CAUDRON, J. BERGÉ, A. RICHARD, and C. HEURTEBISE

Subjects
radiopistage, truite, connectivité écologique, obstacle à la migration, cours d'eau, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

En 2016, une buse autoroutière de plus de cent mètres de long a été aménagée avec un dispositif hydraulique unique composé d'une semelle rugueuse et de ralentisseurs préfabriqués afin de restaurer la libre circulation des poissons. Ce dispositif a été conçu par simulation hydraulique pour permettre le franchissement par la truite pour des débits compris entre le QMNA5 (valeur du débit mensuel d'étiage atteint par un cours d'eau pour une année donnée calculé pour 5 ans) et 2,5 fois le module. Le module correspond au débit hydrologique moyen inter-annuel sur une période de référence (au moins 30 ans de mesures consécutives). La fonctionnalité réelle de ce dispositif, a été évaluée entre 2017 et 2019, en utilisant la technologie RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) et en suivant les déplacements de truites marquées à l'aide de transpondeurs (dispositifs électroniques qui émettent une réponse quand ils reçoivent une interrogation par radio). Au total, 815 truites ont été marquées sur un linéaire de 1 680 mètres en aval de la buse. Un dispositif RFID fixe à double antenne localisé en amont immédiat de la buse a permis de détecter pendant toute la durée du suivi les individus ayant franchi la buse. En complément, sept prospections mobiles ont été menées pour caractériser les déplacements des truites marquées sur près de deux kilomètres en aval de la buse. Les données de franchissement ont été analysées en lien avec les caractéristiques des individus et deux facteurs environnementaux : l'hydrologie et la température de l'eau.

Published
2020
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2. Influence of dams on population persistence in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar).

Author

Lawrence, Elizabeth R., Kuparinen, Anna, and Hutchings, Jeffrey A.

Subjects
*ATLANTIC salmon, *DIADROMOUS fishes, *MIGRATORY fishes, *PROBABILITY theory, *STOCHASTIC models
Abstract

Barriers to migration can negatively affect population persistence. To explore how dams can influence the viability of a diadromous fish, we developed an empirically based stochastic model to estimate per-capita population growth rate ( r) and probability of population decline (Pr( r < 0)). Our simulations incorporated life-history parameters common for many populations of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L., 1758), particularly in the southern part of the species range. Additionally, we explored the influence of individuals that reproduce more than once, i.e., 'kelts', on r and Pr( r < 0). For the life-history scenarios examined here, dams are forecast to negatively affect persistence, even at the comparatively high per-dam smolt survival rate of 90%. As the number of dams increases from one to four, the probability of negative population growth increases four-fold from 10% to 47%. Kelt survival rate, number of dams, and smolt dam-passage survival were all found to be significant factors in predicting population persistence. The present study suggests two primary conclusions: (1) dams are likely to have a negative influence on Atlantic salmon and (2) kelts can have considerable and positive influence on population viability. Our work provides compelling support for the hypothesis that mortality attributable to dam facilities can adversely affect survival, persistence, and recovery of depleted migratory fish populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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3. Silver eel downstream migration in fragmented rivers: use of a Bayesian model to track movements triggering and duration

Author

Hilaire Drouineau, Alain Alric, Peggy Gomes, Pierre Sagnes, Frederique Bau, Nicolas Deligne, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Pôle Écohydraulique ONEMA-Irstea-INP, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut national de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies pour l'Environnement et l'Agriculture - IRSTEA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse - IMFT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, MIGRATION, Biodiversité et Ecologie, Silver eel, Ingénierie de l'environnement, Aquatic Science, Track (rail transport), 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Movement ecology, Downstream (manufacturing), STATISTIQUE BAYESIENNE, Hydroelectricity, 14. Life underwater, Escapement, Hydropower, bayesian statistics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Fish migration, biology, Anguilla anguilla, Discharge, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Dynamique des Fluides, State-space model, ANGUILLA ANGUILLA, biology.organism_classification, Fishery, OBSTACLE A LA MIGRATION, River fragmentation, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Migration delay
Abstract

International audience; Obstacles in rivers are considered to be one of the main threats to diadromous fish. As a result of the recent collapse of the European eel, the European Commission introduced a Regulation, requiring to reduce all sources of anthropogenic mortality, including those caused by passing through hydropower turbines. Improving knowledge about migration triggers and processes is crucial to assess and mitigate the impact of obstacles. In our study, we tracked 97 tagged silver eels in a fragmented river situated in the Western France (the River Dronne). Using the movement ecology framework, and implementing a Bayesian state-space model, we confirmed the influence of river discharge on migration triggering and the distance travelled by fish. We also demonstrated that, in our studied area, there is a small window of opportunity for migration. Moreover, we found that obstacles have a significant impact on distance travelled. Combined with the small window, this suggests that assessment of obstacles impact on downstream migration should not be limited to quantifying mortality at hydroelectric facilities, but should also consider the delay induced by obstacles, and its effects on escapement. The study also suggests that temporary turbines shutdown may mitigate the impacts of hydropower facilities in rivers with migration process similar to those observed here.

Published
2017
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4. Les différences dans l'expression génétique du cerveau plaident pour un rôle important de la fonction cognitive dans la migration de montaison et l'ascension des obstacles chez l'anguille européenne

Author

Podgorniak, T., Milan, M., Pujolar, J.M., Maes, G.E., Bargelloni, L., De Oliveira, E., Pierron, F., Daverat, F., Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University (JCU), HYNES, Laboratoire National d’Hydraulique et Environnement (EDF R&D LNHE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF)-EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
OBSTACLE A LA MIGRATION, BIODIVERSITE, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, COGNITION, BIODIVERSITY, ANGUILLA ANGUILLA, PASSE A POISSONS, FISHWAYS
Abstract

International audience; Background: European eel is a panmictic species, whose decline has been recorded since the last 20 years. Amonghuman-induced environmental factors of decline, the impact of water dams during species migration is questioned. The main issue of this study was to pinpoint phenotypic traits that predisposed glass eels to successful passage by water barriers. The approach of the study was individual-centred and without any a priori hypothesis on traits involved in the putative obstacles selective pressure. We analyzed the transcription level of 14,913 genes.Results: Transcriptome analysis of three tissues (brain, liver and muscle) from individuals sampled on three successive forebays separated by water obstacles indicated different gene transcription profiles in brain between the two upstream forebays. No differences in gene transcription levels were observed in liver and muscle samples among segments. A total of 26 genes were differentially transcribed in brain. These genes encode for, among others, keratins, cytokeratins, calcium binding proteins (S100 family), cofilin, calmodulin, claudin and thy-1 membrane glycoprotein. The functional analysis of these genes highlighted a putative role of cytoskeletal dynamics and synaptic plasticity in fish upstream migration.Conclusion: Synaptic connections in brain are solicited while eels are climbing the obstacles with poorly designedfishways. Successful passage by such barriers can be related to spatial learning and spatial orientation abilities when fish is out of the water.

Published
2015
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5. To boldly climb: behavioural and cognitive differences in migrating European glass eels

Author

Fabien Pierron, Françoise Daverat, Simon Blanchet, T. Podgorniak, E. de Oliveira, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Simulation et Traitement de l'information pour l'Exploitation des systèmes de Production (EDF R&D STEP), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Station d’Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis (SEEM), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
cognition, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Operations research, brain, eel, Population, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Environmental stress, 03 medical and health sciences, BARRAGE, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, 14. Life underwater, lcsh:Science, education, DAMS, education.field_of_study, Fish migration, Multidisciplinary, Habitat fragmentation, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Biology (Whole Organism), COMPORTEMENT ANIMAL, Cognition, ANGUILLA ANGUILLA, ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR, behaviour, Exploratory behaviour, Fishery, POPULATION DYNAMICS, OBSTACLE A LA MIGRATION, 030104 developmental biology, Climbing, DYNAMIQUE DE POPULATION, lcsh:Q, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, human activities, Research Article
Abstract

European eel ( Anguilla anguilla ) is a catadromous fish species that received substantial attention as its population has markedly declined in the last three decades. The possible causes of this decline include habitat fragmentation factors such as dams and weirs. In some cases, these obstacles are equipped with fish friendly passage devices that may select young eels according to their climbing behaviour. We tested how individual climbing tendency was related to the event of fishway passage experienced in the field and classified fish climbing profiles as climbing ‘leaders’, ‘followers’, ‘finishers’ and ‘no climbers’. Moreover, we analysed the brain transcription level of genes related to neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity and compared it to climbing profiles. We found that fish from the upstream segments of an impounded river had a higher climbing propensity. Their behaviour was also more repeatable throughout the whole test than the obstacle-naive fish from the downstream segment. Moreover, we found that boldly climbing ‘leaders’ had lower levels of transcription of synapse-related genes than the climbing ‘followers’. These differences could be related to coping styles of fish, where proactive ‘leaders’ express a routine and risky behaviour, whereas reactive fish need an environmental assessment before exploratory behaviour. Our study showed that differences in climbing propensity exist in glass eels separated by water obstacles. Moreover, eels could adopt climbing different strategies according to the way they deal with environmental stress and to the cognitive abilities they possess.

Published
2016
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