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To describe the epidemiology and management of oculoplastic disorders at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.This was a retrospective review of patients with oculoplastic disorders at the Department of Ophthalmology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, IleIfe, Nigeria from January 2013 to December 2016. The general ophthalmology service records were reviewed to identify patients with oculoplastic disorders. Data retrieved from patient records included date of initial visit, age at presentation, gender, oculoplastic diagnosis and aetiology, modality of treatment given, and indications for patient referrals.There were 563 (7.4%) patients with oculoplastic disorders, out of 7,575 ophthalmology department patients. They had 573 oculoplastic disorders in all. There were 281 (49.9%) males and 282 (50.1%) females. The median age at presentation was 28 years (range, 1 day to 100 years). Eyelid laceration (n=68; 11.9%) and chalazion (n=63; 11%) were the commonest disorders. Trauma (n=125; 21.8%) was the commonest aetiology, followed by inflammatory (n=121; 21.1%) and infective (n=108; 18.8%) causes. There were 162 (28.3%) surgical interventions; eyelid repair (n=67; 41.4%) was the commonest, followed by evisceration (n=25; 15.4%), and excisional biopsy (n=25; 15.4%). No patient had ptosis or lacrimal surgery. Orbital disorders (n=21; 42.9%) were the commonest indication for a referral elsewhere.Eyelid laceration was the commonest oculoplastic disorder, trauma was the commonest aetiology, and eyelid repair was the commonest oculoplastic surgery done. Further training in oculoplastics with emphasis on ptosis, lacrimal and orbital surgery, as well as the provision of equipment needed for optimal oculoplastic service delivery are recommended.Décrire l’épidémiologie et la gestion des troubles oculoplastiques dans un hôpital tertiaire du Nigeria.Il s’agissait d’un examen rétrospectif des patients atteints de troubles oculoplastiques au département d’ophtalmologie, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, de janvier 2013 à décembre 2016. Les dossiers du service d’ophtalmologie générale ont été examinés afin d’identifier les patients souffrant de troubles oculoplastiques. Les données extraites des dossiers des patients comprenaient la date de la première visite, l’âge au moment de la présentation, le sexe, le diagnostic oculoplastique et l’étiologie, la modalité du traitement administré et les indications pour le renvoi des patients.563 (7,4 %) des 7 575 patients du service d’ophtalmologie présentaient des troubles oculoplastiques. Ils présentaient 573 troubles oculoplastiques au total. Il y avait 281 (49,9%) hommes et 282 (50,1%) femmes. L’âge médian à la présentation était de 28 ans (intervalle de 1 jour à 100 ans). Paupière (n=68 ; 11,9%) et le chalazion (n=63 ; 11%) étaient les troubles les plus courants. Le traumatisme (n=125 ; 21,8%) était l’étiologie la plus fréquente, suivie par les causes inflammatoires (n=121 ; 21,1%) et infectieuses (n=108 ; 18,8%). Il y a eu 162 (28,8 %) interventions chirurgicales ; la réparation de la paupière (n=67 ; 41,4 %) était la plus courante, suivie de l’éviscération (n=25 ; 15,4%) et de la biopsie excisionnelle (n=25 ; 15,4%). Aucun patient n’a subi de ptose ou de chirurgie lacrymale. Les troubles orbitaux (n=21 ; 42,9%) étaient l’indication la plus fréquente d’un renvoi ailleurs.La lacération de la paupière était le trouble oculoplastique le plus courant, le traumatisme était l’étiologie la plus courante et la réparation de la paupière était la chirurgie oculoplastique la plus courante. Il est recommandé de poursuivre la formation en oculoplastie en mettant l’accent sur le ptosis, la chirurgie lacrymale et orbitale, ainsi que de fournir l’équipement nécessaire à une prestation optimale des services oculoplastiques.Troubles oculoplastiques, prévalence, chirurgie, traumatisme.

This research investigated the cointegration and causal relationships between children’s quality and quantity in Nigeria. The research was based on secondary data obtained from the World Development Indicator database (1980-2014), United Nations Statistics Division's Statistical Yearbook, and the UNESCO Institute for statistics online database. Children’s quality denoted by the education of the child was proxied by government education expenditure and life expectancy rate, while the quantity of the children denoted by the size of the family was proxied by total fertility rate, infant mortality rate, and the adolescent fertility rate. For analysis, Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test, Johansen-Juselius cointegration analysis, and Granger causality tests were conducted. Johansen-Juselius cointegration test results indicate that there is a long-term relationship among the selected variables. Meanwhile, the Granger causality test shows that the causation between the quality and quantity of children is both unidirectional and bi-directional depending on the variable of the quantity of children. The quantity of the children is the cause in the unidirectional causation. Furthermore, a trade-off is established between the quality and quantity of children. Therefore, the policies of the government in encouraging and promoting the reduction of the rate of fertility should be pursued further for an increased level of education of the child.

The elastic constants are paramount to determine the strength of alloys. The elastic constants of [Formula: see text]–Ir, [Formula: see text]–Ir, and [Formula: see text]–Ir3 where [Formula: see text] represents [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] were computed at room temperature using the embedded atom method (EAM) and the alloy mixing potentials. The potential parameters of the selected pure metals were fitted to the experimental values to compute some properties of Ni–Al, Ni3–Al, Ni–Al3, Cu–Au, Cu3–Au and Cu–Au3, and by comparing the experimental data with our predictions, the employed potential predicted some results in reasonable agreement to available experimental data with discrepancies in some cases, and these discrepancies linked to the dependence of the computed elastic constants on the fitting parameters. The potential with the metallic parameters was used as alloy parameters in computing the elastic constants, bulk modulus, and the shear modulus of the iridium binary alloy. It was generally observed that, the selected metals improve the ductility of Iridium with the highest value, recorded for Pd–Ir, and consequently the minimum value for Al–Ir, and Rh–Ir which characterized them to be ductile. The balance orders for the binary alloys were provided through the formation enthalpy.

Introduction: Congenital cleft lip and palate (CLP) defects usually present in childhood, especially in places with available and affordable care. In Nigeria, their incidence is low but late presentation in Adult life have been reported. This article aims at reviewing adolescent and adult CLP patients in our center, with the advent of free and available care, and to document the patterns and management outcomes of these patients as an addition to existing literature on the subject of adult CLP. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of adolescent and adult CLP patients managed from May 2006 to April 2010. Demographic data as well as clinical information were retrieved from the hospital records and include the type of cleft deformity, surgical intervention prior to presentation, the type of surgery performed and postoperative outcomes. Some pertinent clinical photos were also reviewed. Results: Adolescent and adults constituted 24% of the 137 patients, their age ranged from 13 to 76 years, with a mean, median and modal age of 28, 22 and 20 years respectively. Unilateral cleft of primary palate was commonest with female preponderance. Most never had surgery, others desired revision surgery or secondary procedures. The outcomes were satisfactory in the 37 procedures performed on 33 patients. Conclusion: A relatively high ratio of adolescent and adult clefts is observed. Most of them have never had surgical intervention. Some had failed surgical intervention prior to presentation. Satisfactory outcomes were achieved despite late intervention but failed initial intervention was associated with poorer outcomes.

Olfactory cues play an important role in the attraction of major disease vectors towards their host. Hence we intend to investigate the contribution of selected parts of the human host on the behavioural biting preference of Culex quinquefasciatus.Two volunteers were trained to collect host seeking female mosquitoes landing to feed on different parts of the lower limbs. The Cx. quinquefasciatus were collected in paper cups with the aid of a flash-light and aspirator. Each paper cup was labeled to represent the selected parts where the mosquitoes were collected.The composition of Cx. quinquefasciatus from the total mosquitoes collected showed that Cx. quinquefasciatus was more predominant (90%) over other species present. The average minimum and maximum atmospheric temperature recorded during the night catches were 27 and 29.5 degrees C while the average relative humidity range was 78-81.6%. The behavioural biting preference results obtained showed that the density of Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes preferring the foot region (298) was significantly higher (p0.05) when compared with other different parts of the human host such as the ankle, calf and the thigh.The study indicates that the foot region of the human host has a stronger influence in orientating mosquitoes towards the human host. Hence, the exploitation of the characteristic human odour will add to the existing vector control strategies.