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Introduction. The article deals with the actual problem of disposal of industrial waste (sewage sludge). According to the literature data, possible directions of the use of sewage sludge in the production of building materials are identified and considered. Special attention is paid to the proposed variant of systematization of materials, which is based on the dependence of the aggregate state of the sediment on the type of building material. It is proposed to use sewage sludge as a complex additive to improve rheological properties at all stages of heavy concrete hardening.Methods and materials. Studies of the basic properties of raw materials and concrete based on them were determined using standard methods and the requirements of national standards. The material and chemical composition of the sediments, their physical and mechanical characteristics were determined on the basis of the laboratory of the plant of chemical concentrates (Novosibirsk).Results. As a result of the experimental work, the optimal percentage of sewage sludge in the composition of heavy concrete was determined, as well as the ratio of the chemical modifying additive, the optimal composition of concrete was investigated.Conclusion. As a result of the experimental work, the influence of the introduction of sewage sludge modified with plasticizing additives into the concrete composition was established. It has been established that sewage sludge is advisable to use in heavy concrete as a corrective additive without reducing the strength characteristics. In further studies, it is planned to solve the problems of structure formation and study of the interface between the phases of sewage sludge in the composition of concrete; to investigate the relationship between the chemical composition of precipitation and the physical and mechanical properties of a building material.

This article examines the effect of IL-4 on the contraction of the muscles of the trachea and bronchi of rats, demonstrates the results of studies of the levels of expression of the IL4R gene and the levels of expression of molecular IL4R in the trachea of control and sensitized rats. The choice of this interleukin and its receptors is due to the great importance of these structures in the sensitization and pathogenesis of allergic bronchial asthma. The trachea of 20 Wistar rats were studied using real-time PCR, immunohistochemical method, and mechanography using electrical stimulation of nerve fibers. As a result of the studies, it was found that under sensitization conditions in the rat trachea tissues there is a pronounced expression of IL4R genes, a significant expression of the molecular receptor for interleukin-4, and an increase in the constrictor effect on smooth muscle due to the influence of the cytokine interleukin-4 on it. In tracheal regions containing intramural ganglia (bifurcation region), the level of expression of IL4R genes, the level of expression of the molecular receptor IL4R, and the magnitude of muscle contractile responses in response to interleukin-4 administration were significantly higher than in trachea samples without ganglia.

The author of the article addresses the issues of obtaining insulation products based on flax shives. The article suggests a systematization method for the flax shives based materials, which takes into account the principle of obtaining construction materials based on flax processing waste on various types of binders. It is based on the literature data and the existing research. The possibility of using flax shives as a large structure-forming aggregate of concrete is determined along with the composition and properties of organic aggregate - flax shives. The article presents the optimal ratios selection of flax and binding bonfires in the preparation of granular materials. The characteristics of granulated aggregates on the basis of flax shives are given. The manufacture of cob granules was carried out in two technological ways: on a complex binder and on mineral binders with “dusting” with portland cement. The the method involving the coating of granules with a cement shell was used to produce a granulated material with higher rates of adhesion to the hardened stone of mineral binders in the concrete composition. The technological parameters of the granulation process are determined for two technological methods.

Для реконструкции и восстановления объектов курорта «Озеро Карачи» были разработаны и использованы бетонные и растворные смеси с добавками направленного действия, включая наноразмерные растворы. Для предотвращения отслаивания материалов фасада было предложено использовать в строительных растворах отходы хризотилцементного производства (ХЦП), обеспечивающие за счет микроармирования изменение коэффициента линейного температурного расширения. Кроме того, были проведены положительные эксперименты с применением дегидрола, позволившим повысить адгезию минеральных композиций к каменным и бетонным поверхностям из новых материалов. Кроме того, были определены и другие пути совершенствования ранее рекомендованных бетонных и растворных смесей путем введения в них растворов многослойных углеродных нанотрубок (УНТ) и кремнезоля (КЗ) в качестве наноразмерных добавок направленного действия. В ходе исследования были определены рациональные составы и разработаны рекомендации по применению добавок на практике. Отмечается, что для каждых ремонтных бетонных и каменных оснований необходимо разрабатывать индивидуальные бетонные и растворные смеси с учетом их физико-механических и физико-химических показателей, что обеспечит возможность длительной эксплуатации в суровых условиях Сибири.

In the article we considered the technological modes of obtaining heat-insulating materials on the basis of flax boon. The technology of gas-concrete blocks on the basis of flax boon production is given. The data on the structure and properties of organic aggregate (flax boon) are presented.