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1. Comparative analysis of anticholinergic burden scales to explain iatrogenic cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: results from the multicenter FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Nathan Vidal, Paul Roux, Mathieu Urbach, Cristobal Belmonte, Laurent Boyer, Delphine Capdevielle, Julie Clauss-Kobayashi, Thierry D’Amato, Romane Dassing, Caroline Dubertret, Julien Dubreucq, Guillaume Fond, Roxana-Mihaela Honciuc, Sylvain Leignier, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Jasmina Mallet, David Misdrahi, Baptiste Pignon, Romain Rey, Franck Schürhoff, Arnaud Tessier, the FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise—Schizophrenia) Group, Christine Passerieux, Eric Brunet-Gouet, B. Aouizerate, V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, F. Berna, O. Blanc, E. Bourguignon, L. Boyer, D. CapdevielleI. Chéreau, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, T. D’Amato, A. Deloge, H. Denizot, JM. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, S. Esselin, C. Faget, C. Fluttaz, G. Fond, F. Gabayet, O. Godin, E. Haffen, RM. Honciuc, M. Jarroir, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, PM Llorca, J. Mallet, E. Metairie, D. Misdrahi, C. Passerieux, J. Petrucci, P. Peri, B. Pignon, S. Pires, C. Portalier, R. Rey, C. Roman, F. Schürhoff, K. Souryis, A. Szöke, M. Urbach, F. Vaillant, A, Vehier, P. Vidailhet, E. Vilà, G. Wahiche, H. Yazbek, and A. Zinetti-Bertschy
Subjects: neuropsychological test, schizophrenia, cholinergic antagonist, psychotropic drug, polypharmacy, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: AimThe anticholinergic properties of medications are associated with poorer cognitive performance in schizophrenia. Numerous scales have been developed to assess anticholinergic burden and yet, there is no consensus indicating which anticholinergic burden scale is more relevant for patients with schizophrenia. We aimed to identify valid scales for estimating the risk of iatrogenic cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.MethodsWe identified 27 scales in a literature review. The responses to neuropsychological tests of 839 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder in the FACE-SZ database were collected between 2010 and 2021. We estimated the association between objective global cognitive performance and the 27 scales, the number of psychotropic drugs, and chlorpromazine and lorazepam equivalents in bivariable regressions in a cross-sectional design. We then adjusted the bivariable models with covariates: the predictors significantly associated with cognitive performance in multiple linear regressions were considered to have good concurrent validity to assess cognitive performance.ResultsEight scales, the number of psychotropic drugs, and drug equivalents were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. The number of psychotropic drugs, the most convenient predictor to compute, was associated with worse executive function (Standardized β = −0.12, p = .004) and reasoning (Standardized β = −0.08, p = .037).ConclusionAnticholinergic burden, the number of psychotropic drugs, and drug equivalents were weakly associated with cognition, thus suggesting that cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder is explained by factors other than medication. The number of psychotropic drugs was the most parsimonious method to assess the risk of iatrogenic cognitive impairment.
Published: 2024
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2. Immuno-metabolic profile of patients with psychotic disorders and metabolic syndrome. Results from the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Marianne Foiselle, Susana Barbosa, Ophélia Godin, Ching-Lien Wu, Wahid Boukouaci, Myrtille Andre, Bruno Aouizerate, Fabrice Berna, Caroline Barau, Delphine Capdevielle, Pierre Vidailhet, Isabelle Chereau, Laetitia Davidovic, Jean-Michel Dorey, Caroline Dubertret, Julien Dubreucq, Catherine Faget, Guillaume Fond, Sylvain Leigner, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Jasmina Mallet, David Misdrahi, Emanuela Martinuzzi, Christine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Baptiste Pignon, Mathieu Urbach, Franck Schürhoff, Nicolas Glaichenhaus, Marion Leboyer, Ryad Tamouza, F. Berna, E. Haffen, M. Leboyer, P.M. Llorca, F. Schürhoff, V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, O. Godin, H. Laouamri, K. Souryis, I. Offerlin-Meyer, B. Pignon, A. Szöke, B. Aouizerate, A. Deloge, D. Misdrahi, E. Vilà, O. Blanc, I. Chéreau, H. Denizot, R.M. Honciuc, D. Lacelle, S. Pires, C. Dubertret, J. Mallet, C. Portalier, J. Dubreucq, C. Fluttaz, F. Gabayet, C. Roman, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, T. D'Amato, J.M. Dorey, R. Rey, A. Vehier, C. Lançon, C. Faget, E. Metairie, P. Peri, F. Vaillant, L. Boyer, G. Fond, P. Vidailhet, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, D. Capdevielle, H. Yazbek, S. Esselin, M. Jarroir, C. Passerieux, and M. Urbach
Subjects: Metabolic syndrome, Schizophrenia, Psychosis, Inflammation, Machine learning, Precision medicine, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a highly prevalent and harmful medical disorder often comorbid with psychosis where it can contribute to cardiovascular complications. As immune dysfunction is a key shared component of both MetS and schizophrenia (SZ), this study investigated the relationship between immune alterations and MetS in patients with SZ, whilst controlling the impact of confounding clinical characteristics including psychiatric symptoms and comorbidities, history of childhood maltreatment and psychotropic treatments. Method: A total of 310 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for SZ or schizoaffective disorders (SZA), with or without MetS, were systematically assessed and included in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) cohort. Detailed clinical characteristics of patients, including psychotic symptomatology, psychiatric comorbidities and history of childhood maltreatment were recorded and the serum levels of 18 cytokines were measured. A penalized regression method was performed to analyze associations between inflammation and MetS, whilst controlling for confounding factors. Results: Of the total sample, 25% of patients had MetS. Eight cytokines were above the lower limit of detection (LLOD) in more than 90% of the samples and retained in downstream analysis. Using a conservative Variable Inclusion Probability (VIP) of 75%, we found that elevated levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-7, IL-12/23 p40 and IL-16 and lower levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were associated with MetS. As for clinical variables, age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diagnosis of SZ (not SZA), age at the first episode of psychosis (FEP), alcohol abuse, current tobacco smoking, and treatment with antidepressants and anxiolytics were all associated with MetS. Conclusion: We have identified five cytokines associated with MetS in SZ suggesting that patients with psychotic disorders and MetS are characterized by a specific “immuno-metabolic” profile. This may help to design tailored treatments for this subgroup of patients with both psychotic disorders and MetS, taking one more step towards precision medicine in psychiatry.
Published: 2022
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3. Self-stigma in serious mental illness and autism spectrum disorder: Results from the REHABase national psychiatric rehabilitation cohort

Author: J. Dubreucq, J. Plasse, F. Gabayet, M. Faraldo, O. Blanc, I. Chereau, S. Cervello, G. Couhet, C. Demily, N. Guillard-Bouhet, B. Gouache, N. Jaafari, G. Legrand, E. Legros-Lafarge, R. Pommier, C. Quilès, D. Straub, H. Verdoux, F. Vignaga, C. Massoubre, and N. Franck
Subjects: Self-stigma, serious mental illness, autism spectrum disorders, prevalence, psychiatric rehabilitation, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: AbstractBackground.Self-stigma is a major issue in serious mental illness (SMI) and is negatively associated with patient outcomes. Most studies have been conducted in schizophrenia (SZ). Less is known about self-stigma in other SMI and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The objectives of this study are: (i) to assess the frequency of self-stigma in a multicentric nonselected psychiatric rehabilitation SMI and ASD sample; and (ii) to investigate the correlates of elevated self-stigma in different SMI conditions and in ASD.Methods.A total of 738 SMI or ASD outpatients were recruited from the French National Centers of Reference for Psychiatric Rehabilitation cohort (REHABase). Evaluations included sociodemographic data, illness characteristics, and standardized scales for clinical severity, quality of life, satisfaction with life, wellbeing, personal recovery, a large cognitive battery, and daily functioning assessment.Results. 31.2% of the total sample had elevated self-stigma. The highest prevalence (43.8%) was found in borderline personality disorder and the lowest (22.2%) in ASD. In the multivariate analysis, elevated self-stigma was best predicted by early stages of personal recovery (moratorium, p = 0.001, OR = 4.0 [1.78–8.98]; awareness, p = 0.011, OR = 2.87 [1.28–6.44]), history of suicide attempt (p = 0.001, OR = 2.27 [1.37–3.76]), insight (p = 0.002, OR = 1.22 [1.08–1.38]), wellbeing (p = 0.037, OR = 0.77 [0.60–0.98]), and satisfaction with interpersonal relationships (p
Published: 2020
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4. Efficacy of shared decision-making on treatment adherence of patients with bipolar disorder: a cluster randomized trial (ShareD-BD)

Author: L. Samalin, M. Honciuc, L. Boyer, I. de Chazeron, O. Blanc, M. Abbar, and P. M. Llorca
Subjects: Bipolar disorder, Shared decision-making, Decision aid, Maintenance treatment, Medication adherence, Cluster randomized trial, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Abstract Background Shared decision-making (SDM) is a model of interaction between doctors and patients in which both actors contribute to the medical decision-making process. SDM has raised great interest in mental healthcare over the last decade, as it is considered a fundamental part of patient-centered care. However, there is no research evaluating the efficacy of SDM compared to usual care (CAU), as it relates to quality of care and more specifically treatment adherence, in bipolar disorder (BD). Methods/Design This is a 12-month multi-centre, cluster-randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of SDM to CAU. Adult BD patients (n = 300) will be eligible after stabilization for at least 4 weeks following an acute mood episode. The intervention will consist of applying the standardized SDM process as developed by the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute in order to choose the maintenance treatment of BD. A multidisciplinary team developed a decision aid “choose my long-term treatment with my doctor” for BD patients to clarify possible therapeutic options. Primary outcome will assess the patient’s level of adherence (based on hetero-evaluation) of ongoing treatment at 12 months. Secondary outcomes will assess the difference between the 2 groups of patients in terms of adherence to maintenance drug therapy based on other measures (self-assessment scale and plasma levels of mood stabilizers). Additionally, other dimensions will be assessed: decisional conflict, satisfaction with care and involvement in decision making, beliefs about treatment, therapeutic relationship, knowledge about information for medical decision and clinical outcomes (depression, mania, functioning and quality of life). The primary endpoint will be analysed without adjustment by comparison of adherence scores between the two groups using Student t-tests or Mann–Whitney tests according to the variable distribution. A set of secondary analyses will be adjusted for covariates of clinical interest using generalized linear mixed regression models. Discussion This will be the first study evaluating the effect of an SDM intervention on patient adherence in BD. This is also an innovative protocol because it proposes the development of an evidence-based tool that should help patients and clinicians to initiate discussions regarding the use of BD treatment. Trial registration The study has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03245593.
Published: 2018
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5. Clinical and pharmacological correlates of caffeine consumption in subjects with schizophrenia – Data from the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: Andrei Szoke, Jean-Romain Richard, Guillaume Fond, David Misdrahi, Mohamed Lajnef, Bruno Aouizerate, Laurent Boyer, Fabrice Berna, Delphine Capdevielle, Myrtille André, Isabelle Chereau, Julie Clauss-Kobayashi, Nathalie Coulon, Caroline Dubertret, Sylvain Leignier, Pierre Michel Llorca, Jasmina Mallet, Christine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Benoit Schorr, Mathieu Urbach, Marion Leboyer, Baptiste Pignon, Franck Schürhoff, M. Andre, C. Andrieu-Haller, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, O. Blanc, E. Bourguignon, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau-Boudet, J. Clauss-Kobayashi, N. Coulon, R. Dassing, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, A. Esselin, G. Fond, F. Gabayet, M. Jarroir, D. Lacelle, M. Leboyer, S. Leignier, P.M. Llorca, J. Mallet, E. Metairie, T. Michel, D. Misdrahi, C. Passerieux, J. Petrucci, B. Pignon, P. Peri, C. Portalier, R. Rey, C. Roman, B. Schorr, F. Schürhoff, A. Szoke, A. Tessier, M. Urbach, G. Wachiche, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Grenoble, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Subjects: Psychiatry and Mental health, Caffeine, Sedation, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, Negative dimension, Biological Psychiatry
Abstract: International audience; Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive substance worldwide. Previous studies suggested higher caffeine consumption in subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) as well as associations with symptoms, medication and medication side-effects. In a large and well-characterized sample of SSD subjects we explored the association between caffeine consumption and clinical (psychosis related, severity, general health) as well as pharmacological (antipsychotic treatment, sedation potential) variables. Eight hundred four subjects with data on their caffeine (coffee and tea) consumption successively recruited were included in this study. After controlling for potential confounders (demographic variables, smoking) only the negative dimension of psychosis was associated with the amount of caffeine ingested. Less severe negative symptoms were associated with higher caffeine consumption. The effect size of this association was small (partial correlation coefficient = −0.12) but significant.
Published: 2023

6. Que pensent les prescripteurs de nos interventions pharmaceutiques ?

Author: S. Riou, C. Maillard, C. Louet, and O. Blanc-Lobreaux
Subjects: Pharmacology (medical)
Published: 2022

7. A multi-dimensional approach to the relationship between insight and aggressiveness in schizophrenia: Findings from the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: A. Schandrin, J. Norton, S. Raffard, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, L. Brunel, I. Chereau-Boudet, T. D'Amato, H. Denizot, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, G. Fond, F. Gabayet, P.M. Llorca, J. Mallet, D. Misdrahi, C. Passerieux, R. Rey, F. Schurhoff, M. Urbach, S. Bonnet, D. Capdevielle, M. Andrianarisoa, N. Bazin, O. Blanc, E. Bulzacka, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, L. Ramet, L. Rey, C. Roman, F. Schürhoff, A. Tessier, A.M. Tronche, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, P. Vidailhet, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Psychopathologie et pharmacologie de la cognition, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Mécanique des Fluides, Energies et Environnement (EDF R&D MFEE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Hôpital de la Colombière, Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, CHU Strasbourg, Pôle de psychiatrie et d'addictologie des Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor [Créteil], Centre hospitalier universitaire Henri-Mondor [Créteil], CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Montpellier (UM), FACE-SZ (FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia) group: M Andrianarisoa 16 , B Aouizerate 17 , N Bazin 18 , F Berna 19 , O Blanc 20 , L Brunel 16 , E Bulzacka 16 , D Capdevielle 21 , I Chereau-Boudet 20 , G Chesnoy-Servanin 22 , J M Danion 19 , T D'Amato 22 , A Deloge 23 , C Delorme 24 , H Denizot 20 , J M Dorey 22 , C Dubertret 25 , J Dubreucq 24 , C Faget 26 , C Fluttaz 24 , G Fond 27 , S Fonteneau 18 , F Gabayet 24 , E Giraud-Baro 24 , D Lacelle 20 , C Lançon 26 , H Laouamri 27 , M Leboyer 16 , T Le Gloahec 16 , Y Le Strat 25 , P M Llorca 20 , J Mallet 25 , E Metairie 26 , D Misdrahi 23 , I Offerlin-Meyer 19 , C Passerieux 18 , P Peri 26 , S Pires 20 , C Portalier 25 , L Ramet 18 , L Rey 22 , C Roman 24 , A Schandrin 28 , F Schürhoff 16 , A Tessier 23 , A M Tronche 20 , M Urbach 18 , F Vaillant 26 , A Vehier 22 , P Vidailhet 19 , E Vilà 23 , H Yazbek 21 , A Zinetti-Bertschy 19, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (Neurocentre Magendie - U1215 Inserm), and Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Hostility, Anger, Cohort Studies, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Aggressiveness, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Spectrum disorder, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Biological Psychiatry, media_common, Aggression, Middle Aged, Awareness, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Schizophrenia, Multi dimensional, Female, medicine.symptom, Insight, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diagnosis of schizophrenia, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; Background: Aggressiveness is a stigma frequently associated with schizophrenia. The role of insight as a risk factor of aggressiveness remains contradictory; mainly because single measures of these states mask their complexity and heterogeneity.Methods: This study was conducted on 666 patients aged 15 and above with a DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorder, drawn from the French national network of schizophrenia expert center database. Collected data comprised socio-demographics and standardized psychiatric assessments. Aggressiveness was evaluated using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and insight using the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) and Birchwood Insight Scale (BIS).Results: Hostility was the aggressiveness dimension the most strongly associated with SUMD insight dimensions. Patients aware of their illness were nearly twice as likely to show hostility than those seriously unaware (OR = 1.95, 95% CI.: 1.08-3.5), but not when further adjusting for depression. Similarly, those aware of the consequences of their illness and of their symptoms were more hostile. Patients moderately aware of illness consequences had a higher risk of both anger and physical aggressiveness than those unaware (OR = 2.63, 95% CI.: 1.42-4.86, OR = 2.47, 95% CI.: 1.33-4.60, respectively), even when adjusting for depression for anger.Conclusion: Our study confirms that a multi-dimensional approach to insight and aggressiveness is essential to understand the types of links between these clinical states. Insight may trigger the expression of an underlying hostile tendency, maybe via depression and self-stigmatisation. This should be taken into account in therapeutic approaches to improve insight.
Published: 2019

8. Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study

Author: Elise Morlet, Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste, Emmanuel Poulet, Kibby McMahon, Nicolas Hoertel, Frédéric Limosin, J Adès, C Alezrah, I Amado, G Amar, O Andréi, D Arbault, G Archambault, G Aurifeuille, S Barrière, C Béra-Potelle, Y Blumenstock, H Bardou, M Bareil-Guérin, P Barrau, C Barrouillet, E Baup, N Bazin, B Beaufils, J Ben Ayed, M Benoit, K Benyacoub, T Bichet, F Blanadet, O Blanc, J Blanc-Comiti, D Boussiron, AM Bouysse, A Brochard, O Brochart, B Bucheron, M Cabot, V Camus, JM Chabannes, V Charlot, T Charpeaud, C Clad-Mor, C Combes, M Comisu, B Cordier, F Costi, JP Courcelles, M Creixell, H Cuche, C Cuervo-Lombard, A Dammak, D Da Rin, JB Denis, H Denizot, A Deperthuis, E Diers, S Dirami, D Donneau, P Dreano, C Dubertret, E Duprat, D Duthoit, C Fernandez, P Fonfrede, N Freitas, P Gasnier, J Gauillard, F Getten, F Gierski, F Godart, R Gourevitch, A Grassin Delyle, J Gremion, H Gres, V Griner, C Guerin-Langlois, C Guggiari, O Guillin, H Hadaoui, E Haffen, C Hanon, S Haouzir, C Hazif-Thomas, A Heron, B Hubsch, I Jalenques, D Januel, A Kaladjian, JF Karnycheff, O Kebir, MO Krebs, C Lajugie, M Leboyer, P Legrand, M Lejoyeux, V Lemaire, E Leroy, D Levy-Chavagnat, A Leydier, C Liling, PM Llorca, P Loeffel, P Louville, S Lucas Navarro, N Mages, M Mahi, O Maillet, A Manetti, C Martelli, P Martin, M Masson, I Maurs-Ferrer, J Mauvieux, S Mazmanian, E Mechin, L Mekaoui, M Meniai, A Metton, A Mihoubi, M Miron, G Mora, V Niro Adès, P Nubukpo, C Omnes, S Papin, P Paris, C Passerieux, J Pellerin, J Perlbarg, S Perron, A Petit, F Petitjean, C Portefaix, D Pringuey, A Radtchenko, H Rahiou, D Raucher-Chéné, A Rauzy, L Reinheimer, M Renard, M René, CE Rengade, P Reynaud, D Robin, C Rodrigues, A Rollet, F Rondepierre, B Rousselot, S Rubingher, G Saba, JP Salvarelli, JC Samuelian, C Scemama-Ammar, F Schurhoff, JP Schuster, D Sechter, B Segalas, T Seguret, AS Seigneurie, A Semmak, F Slama, S Taisne, M Taleb, JL Terra, D Thefenne, E Tran, R Tourtauchaux, MN Vacheron, P Vandel, V Vanhoucke, E Venet, H Verdoux, A Viala, G Vidon, M Vitre, JL Vurpas, C Wagermez, M Walter, L Yon, X. Zendjidjian, Service de psychiatrie [Le Kremlin-Bicêtre], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), PELLENC S.A., Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d'Informatique Fondamentale de Lille (LIFL), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), French Society for Biological Psychiatry and Neuropsychopharmacology, Partenaires INRAE, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Fédération Française de Triathlon (FFTRI), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service hospitalo-universitaire, centre hospitalier du Rouvray, 4, rue Paul-Eluard, 76300 Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France., CHRU Brest - Psychiatrie Adulte (CHU - Brest- Psychiatrie), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centres d'addictologies - Région Centre, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de recherche clinique 93G03, établissement public de santé de Ville Evrard, 93330 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France., Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers (LPL), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), CEA-Direction des Energies (ex-Direction de l'Energie Nucléaire) (CEA-DES (ex-DEN)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Sonatrach Exploration, Monash University [Clayton], Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication - EA 3804 (CRESTIC), Clinique de Psychiatrie et de Psychologie Médicale, Hôpital Pasteur, Nice, France, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), Department of Engineering Cybernetics [Trondheim] (ITK NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)-Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Jeune Equipe Hémopathogènes Vectorisés, VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Silicon-on-Insulator Technologies (SOITEC), Parc Technologique des Fontaines, Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social (EA 4050), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Agriculture et forêt méditerranéenne (UR AFAX), Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF), Kantar – Health Division, Institut National de Recherche en Génie Rural Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Ecole Nationale du Génie Rural, des Eaux et des Forêts (ENGREF)-Institution de la Recherche et de l'Enseignement Supérieur Agricoles [Tunis] (IRESA), Département de psychiatrie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie Adulte, Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Universita degli studi di Genova, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Maison des Sciences Humaines de Champagne-Ardenne (MSH-URCA), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées
Subjects: Male, Aging, medicine.medical_specialty, Bipolar Disorder, Lithium (medication), Population, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Comorbidity, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, law.invention, Benzodiazepines, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, education, Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Aged, Depressive Disorder, Major, education.field_of_study, Depression, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antidepressive Agents, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Hospitalization, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mood disorders, Tolerability, Schizophrenia, Lithium Compounds, Major depressive disorder, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Antipsychotic Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: Although lithium is widely used in current practice to treat bipolar disorder (BD) and treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (MDD) among older adults, little is known about its efficacy and tolerability in this population, which is generally excluded from randomized clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of long-term use of lithium among older adults with BD and MDD.Data from the Cohort of individuals with Schizophrenia and mood disorders Aged 55 years or more (CSA) were used. Two groups of patients with BD and MDD were compared: those who were currently receiving lithium versus those who were not. The effects of lithium on psychiatric (i.e., depressive symptoms severity, perceived clinical severity, rates of psychiatric admissions in the past-year), geriatric (overall and cognitive functioning) and physical outcomes (i.e., rates of non-psychiatric medical comorbidities and general hospital admissions in the past-year) were evaluated. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, duration of disorder, diagnosis, smoking status, alcohol use, and use of antipsychotics, antiepileptics or antidepressants.Among the 281 older participants with BD or MDD, 15.7% were taking lithium for a mean duration of 12.5(SD = 11.6) years. Lithium use was associated with lower intensity of depressive symptoms, reduced perceived clinical global severity and lower benzodiazepine use (all p 0.05), without being linked to greater rates of medical comorbidities, except for hypothyroidism.Data were cross-sectional and data on lifetime history of psychotropic medications was not assessed.Our results suggest that long-term lithium use may be efficient and relatively well-tolerated in older adults with BD or treatment-resistant MDD.
Published: 2019

9. Hémolyse intravasculaire de bas grade associée aux complications neurologiques du diabète de type 2 : résultats de l’étude multicentrique DIABELYSE

Author: S. Le Jeune, S. Sadoudi, D. Charue, S. Abid, D. Helley, H. Bihan, C. Baudry, H. Lelong, T. Mirault, E. Vicaut, R. Dhôte, J.J. Mourad, C. Boulanger, and O. Blanc-Brude
Subjects: Gastroenterology, Internal Medicine
Published: 2022

10. Évaluation de la pertinence des interventions pharmaceutiques en santé mentale avec deux méthodes complémentaires : l’échelle CLEO et la méthode des number needed to treat (NNT) et number needed to harm (NNH)

Author: S. Riou, O. Blanc-Lobreaux, F.-X. Rose, and C. Maillard
Subjects: 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy
Abstract: Resume Introduction L’evaluation de la pertinence des interventions pharmaceutiques (IP) est complexe. L’objectif etait d’evaluer leur pertinence avec la methode des number needed to treat (NNT) et number needed to harm (NNH) et avec l’echelle CLinique, Economique et Organisationnel (CLEO). Materiel et methodes Evaluation de 30 IP avec l’echelle CLEO par six professionnels (medecins et pharmaciens). Calcul du NNT et du NNH pour les IP relatives aux redondances de psychotropes. Resultats Echelle CLEO : 540 cotations obtenues. L’impact clinique etait positif pour 83 %, les impacts economique et organisationnel etaient positifs ou nuls pour 90 % et 94 % des cotations. Methode des NNT/NNH : 664 IP analysees. Trois cent quarante-huit IP ont rapproche les prescriptions des recommandations : NNT = 1,9 (664/348). Quarante et un IP les en ont eloignees : NNH = 16,2 (664/41). Discussion Ces methodes sont complementaires dans les resultats qu’elles offrent et les notions qu’elles apportent. L’echelle CLEO donne une impression de precision avec la cotation tridimensionnelle. Les NNT/NNH discriminent les IP dont la balance benefice/risque est favorable ou non. Conclusion Cette premiere evaluation de la pertinence de nos IP a mis en evidence notre marge de progression ainsi que des axes d’amelioration a mettre en place.
Published: 2019

11. Immune Signatures of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A FondaMental Academic Centers of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) Study

Author: Guillaume Fond, Philippe Le Corvoisier, F Schürhoff, A Szöke, Face-Sz Groups, I Offerlin-Meyer, Ryad Tamouza, T D′Amato, I Chéreau, J Dubreucq, E Vilà, F Gabayet, Julien Dubreucq, C Fluttaz, Wahid Boukouaci, D Misdrahi, P Vidailhet, David Misdrahi, J Mallet, B Pignon, Caroline Barau, A Vehier, C Lançon, Myrtille André, Jasmina Mallet, Baptiste Pignon, H Yazbek, Julie Clauss-Kobayashi, Christine Passerieux, J M Dorey, Caroline Dubertret, Sylvain Leignier, K Souryis, P Peri, Isabelle Chereau, F Berna, O Blanc, G Chesnoy-Servanin, S Pires, D Lacelle, A Deloge, Franck Schürhoff, Hakim Laouamri, P M Llorca, O Godin, Bruno Aouizerate, C. Portalier, Pierre-Michel Llorca, R Rey, A Zinetti-Bertschy, H Denizot, Mathieu Urbach, M Jarroir, V Barteau, C Roman, B Aouizerate, C Passerieux, S Esselin, R M Honciuc, C Dubertret, Christophe Lançon, H. Laouamri, F Vaillant, Andrei Szöke, E Metairie, Marion Leboyer, Ching-lieng Lu, M Urbach, Fabrice Berna, C Faget, Romain Rey, Ophélia Godin, E Haffen, M Leboyer, D Capdevielle, Delphine Capdevielle, Thierry D′Amato, S Bensalem, and Emilie Terro
Subjects: profile, medicine.medical_specialty, AcademicSubjects/MED00800, clozapine, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, immuno-inflammatory, Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming), treatment-resistant, 030227 psychiatry, schizophrenia, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, signatures, medicine, Treatment resistant schizophrenia, Psychology, Psychiatry, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clozapine, Regular Articles, medicine.drug
Abstract: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) affects around 30% of patients with schizophrenia (SZ) resulting in poor functioning, relapses, and reduced quality of life. Convergent findings show that inflammation could contribute to resistance. We thus search for immune signatures of patients with TRS/ultra TRS (UTRS) in a sample of community-dwelling outpatients with SZ. In total, 195 stabilized SZ patients (mean age = 31.2 years, 73% male gender) were consecutively included in the network of the FondaMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia in France and received a thorough clinical assessment. At inclusion, psychotic symptomatology was evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Circulating serum/plasma levels of a large panel of markers reflecting the main inflammatory pathways were evaluated. TRS was defined by current treatment by clozapine (CLZ) and UTRS by current CLZ treatment + PANSS total score ≥ 70. The frequency of TRS and UTRS patients was, respectively, 20% and 7.7% and was defined using multivariable analysis elevated by high levels of interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23p40, IL-17A, IL-10, and beta 2 microglobulin (B2M) and IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-10, IFNγ, and B2M, respectively. These observations suggest that resistance and ultra resistance to CLZ treatment are underpinned by pro-inflammatory molecules mainly belonging to the T helper 17 pathway, a finding making sense given the interplay between inflammation and antipsychotic treatment responses. If confirmed, our findings may allow us to consider IL-23/IL-17 pathway as a therapeutic target for patients with resistance to antipsychotics.
Published: 2021

12. Childhood Trauma increases suicidal behaviour in a treatment-resistant depression population: a FACE-DR report

Author: Antoine Yrondi, Guillaume Vaiva, Michel Walter, Thierry D Amato, Frank Bellivier, Djamila Bennabi, Thierry Bougerol, Vincent Camus, Olivier Doumy, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Emmanuel Haffen, Jérôme Holtzmann, Mathilde Horn, Christophe Lançon, Marion Leboyer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Julia Maruani, Rémi Moirand, Fanny Molière, Jean Petrucci, Raphaelle Richieri, Ludovic Samalin, Laurent Schmitt, Florian Stephan, Philippe Courtet, Wissam El-Hage, Bruno Aouizerate, B. Aouizerate, D. Bennabi, M. Leboyer, E. Haffen, P.M. Llorca, V. Barteau, S. Bensalem, H. Laouamri, Karmene Souryis, L. Mallet, L. Yon, J. Petrucci, J.B. Genty, A. Yrondi, D. Pierre, L. Schmitt, M. Sarrail, I. Ryff, E. Beuchet, G. Tio, C. Cappe, E. Clerc, M. Garnier, R.M. Honciuc, E. Allauze, O. Blanc, F. Bellivier, N. Allaili, I. Nieto, J. Meheust, Y. Sunthavy, J. Maruani, T. Bougerol, M. Polosan, P. Courvoisier, J. Holtzmann, B. Fredembach, S. Foubert-Andreani, V. Camus, W. El Hage, T. D’Amato, F. Haesebaert, C. Dubien, M. Lefebvre, A. Meznad, J. Brunelin, R. Moirand, O. Doumy, C. Lancon, R. Richieri, P. Peri, M. Faugere, C. Faget-Agius, P. Courtet, J.P. Boulenger, F. Moliere, F. Stephan, M. Walter, C. Mesmeur, G. Vaiva, M. Horn, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (SPURBO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie (OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Besançon (Inserm CIC 1431), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté]), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (EA 481) (NEURO), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), [GIN] Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), CHU Grenoble, Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d’Investigation Clinique [Tours] CIC 1415 (CIC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Henri Mondor, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Soins Primaires, Santé Publique, Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale (EA7479 SPURBO), Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (CHRU Brest)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481) (NEURO), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours)-Hôpital Bretonneau-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Depressive disorders, MESH: Depression, MESH: Violence, Population, Poison control, Violence, Suicide prevention, Childhood trauma, MESH: Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, Suicidal Ideation, Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Rating scale, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Medicine, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk factor, education, Suicidal ideation, Childhood neglect, Biological Psychiatry, education.field_of_study, MESH: Humans, MESH: Suicidal Ideation, Depression, business.industry, Childhood abuse, CTQ tree, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Suicide, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Treatment-resistant depression, medicine.symptom, Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; Objective: In addition to heredity, exposure to early-life adversity is an important predisposing risk factor of suicidal behaviour. Although the association between Childhood Trauma (CT) and suicide risk is well documented, interactions between CT and suicidal behaviour in Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) populations have received little coverage. This study aimed to evaluate i) association between CT and suicidal behaviour in a TRD population, and ii) the role of personality traits and impulsiveness as potential factors of mediation in these associations.Methods: Patients were recruited from a cohort of the French network of TRD expert centers. Depressive symptom severity, CT, suicidal behaviour, personality traits, and impulsiveness were assessed with the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (CSSRS), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV, the Big Five Inventory, and the Barratt Impulsivness Scale (BIS) respectively.Results: Among the 256 patients with a baseline CTQ, in relation to suicide risk for the current depressive episode, we found an association with the total CTQ scores mediated by the intensity of the current episode in a model adjusted for age and sex (total effect: β = 0.171; p = 0.011, direct effect: β = 0.135; p = 0.043; indirect effect: β = 0.036; p = 0.048). Focusing on CT subtypes, we detected an association between suicide risk and physical neglect in a model adjusted for age and sex (β = 0.301; p = 0.002), without any mediation by the intensity of the current episode. There was no mediation effect from personality traits nor impulsiveness. With regards to CSSRS to assess suicidal ideation, we did not find any association with the total CTQ score and CT subtype scores.Conclusion: We report a strong association between suicidal behaviour and CT (in particular childhood physical neglect) in a TRD population.
Published: 2021

13. DEVELOPPEMENT DE NOUVEAUX MICROCAPTEURS BASÉS SUR UN SYSTÈME D'IMAGERIE POUR LA MESURE DES PARTICULES ET DES POLLENS

Author: A. CHANG, R. KARNIK, H. DUPREZ, O. BLANC, C. PAULUS, J.M. ROUX, J. ALLARD, and P. JALLON
Subjects: systèmes d'imagerie, pollen sensor, microcapteur optique de particules, optical particle microsensor, imaging system, capteur de pollen
Abstract: Les microcapteurs de particules sont très généralement des compteurs optiques avec un flux d'air libre. La mesure du nombre et des concentrations massiques de particules repose sur les propriétés de diffusion de la lumière et sur des hypothèses concernant la sphéricité et densité des particules. La précision des mesures des concentrations massiques des particules (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) issues de ces capteurs est fortement dépendante de la stabilité du débit d'air, des hypothèses concernant la nature des particules mais également de la limite de détection des particules supérieure à 0.3 µm. D'autre part, les particules telles que les pollens, outre leurs concentrations, nécessitent l'identification des espèces allergisantes réalisée généralement par un système de microscopie optique volumineux et non automatisé. En fixant les particules sur un support, un nouveau prototype pour la mesure des particules est développé lors d'une collaboration entre le MIT et eLichens permettant de diminuer la limite de détection des particules (PM supérieur à 0.1 µm) et de les imager. Le système compact d'imagerie sans lentille du CEA a également été testé pour l'identification des pollens. Les résultats étant concluant, un démonstrateur temps-réel de microcapteur de pollen basé sur ce système est en cours d'élaboration., Particle microsensors are generally optical counters with free air flow. The particle number and mass concentrations measurements are based on light scattering and assumptions about the sphericity and density of particles. These sensors accuracy regarding the particles mass concentration (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) is strongly dependent on the airflow stability, assumptions about the nature of particles but also on the particles detection limit superior to 0.3 µm. On the other hand, for particles such as pollens, not only the concentration is needed but also the identification of allergenic species which is generally performed through a large and non-automated optical microscopy system. By fixing the particles on a support, a new prototype for the particles measurement is developed in a collaboration between MIT and eLichens, allowing to image the particles thus decreasing their detection limit (PM superior to 0.1 µm). CEA's compact lensfree imaging system has been tested for pollen identification. The results being conclusive, a real-time demonstrator of pollen microsensor based on this system is currently under development.
Published: 2021
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14. Comparison of three scales (BIS, SUMD and BCIS) for measuring insight dimensions and their evolution after one-year of follow-up: Findings from the FACE-SZ Cohort

Author: Delphine Capdevielle, Joanna Norton, Bruno Aouizerate, Fabrice Berna, Isabelle Chereau, Thierry D'Amato, Caroline Dubertret, Julien Dubreucq, Guillaume Fond, Lançon C, Jasmina Mallet, David Misdrahi, Catherine Passerieux, Romain Rey, Franck Schurhoff, Mathieu Urbach, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Stéphane Raffard, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, O. Blanc, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau-Boudet, N. Coulon, T. D'Amato, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, G. Fond, F. Gabayet, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, P.M. Llorca, J. Mallet, E. Metairie, D. Misdrahi, C. Passerieux, B. Pignon, P. Peri, C. Portalier, R. Rey, C. Roman, F. Schürhoff, A. Szöke, M. Urbach, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiophatologie de la Schizophrénie (Inserm U1114 - UNISTRA), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine (UGA UFRM), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM), This work was funded by AP-HP (Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris), Fondation FondaMental (RTRS Santé Mentale), by the Investissements d'Avenir program managed by the ANR under reference ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02 and ANR-10-COHO-10-01, and by INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale)., Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), INSERM, Neurocentre Magendie, U1215, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, F-33000 Bordeaux, France, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Psychometrics, Composite score, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical state, Cognitive Insight, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognitive dimensions of notations, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Cognition, Awareness, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, Clinical Insight, Schizophrenia, Cohort, Schizophrenic Psychology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Insight, Psychology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Treatment need, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; The aim of our study was to compare the performance of three different instruments measuring clinical and cognitive dimensions of insight. Data on 182 outpatients with schizophrenia and one-year follow-up assessments was drawn from the FACE-SZ cohort. Awareness of clinical state (« clinical insight ») was measured using both a clinician-rated measure (the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD)), and a self-report measure (the Birchwood Insight Scale (BIS). Cognitive insight was measured using a self-report measure (the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS)). For each scale, change in insight was examined at the follow-up. Correlations between SUMD and BIS subscales measuring same dimensions were significant. BIS-BCIS correlations were weak for all combinations except between BIS illness dimension and BCIS composite score. At the follow-up, BIS and SUMD awareness of treatment need improved whereas illness and symptom awareness increased only on the SUMD. Conversely, cognitive insight composite scores decreased. Despite relatively good overall agreement between the two clinical insight instruments, considerable variability for similar insight dimensions measured by different instruments was found. Agreement between cognitive and clinical insight is moderate. Our study strengthens the argument that insight is harder to operationalize than other symptoms and may explain why it is so seldom explicitly targeted in schizophrenia treatment.
Published: 2021

15. The 10-year findings from the FondaMental Academic Center of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ): Review and recommendations for clinical practice

Author: F. Schürhoff, G. Fond, F. Berna, E. Bulzacka, O. Godin, L. Boyer, D. Misdrahi, M. Andrianarisoa, L. Brunel, N. Coulon, B. Aouizerate, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, T. D’Amato, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, J. Mallet, R. Rey, C. Lancon, C. Passerieux, A. Schandrin, M. Urbach, P. Vidailhet, M. Leboyer, P.M. Llorca, N. Bazin, O. Blanc, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M. Jarroir, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, L. Ramet, C. Roman, A. Tessier, A.M. Tronche, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Image Science for Interventional Techniques (ISIT), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nutrition et Neurobiologie intégrée (NutriNeuro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, biologie et physique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), IMRB - 'Neuropsychiatrie translationnelle' [Créteil] (U955 Inserm - UPEC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Hôpital Henri Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, CCSD, Accord Elsevier, Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Clermont Université-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Psychopathologie et pharmacologie de la cognition, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Mécanique des Fluides, Energies et Environnement (EDF R&D MFEE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), IHU-LIRYC, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], and CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)
Subjects: Inflammation, Depression, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Dépression, Syndrome métabolique, Centre expert, Metabolic syndrome, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Expert centre, Treatment, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, Schizophrénie, Traitement, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience; Objectives The present article is a synthesis of the first 10 years of follow-up of the FondaMental Academic Center of Expertise for Schizophrenia (FACE-SZ) cohort. Methods More than 700 community-dwelling stabilized subjects have been recruited and evaluated to date. The mean age was 32 years with 75 % males, the mean illness duration was 11 years, the mean age at illness onset was 21 years, the mean duration of untreated psychosis was 1.5 years and 55 % were current daily tobacco smokers. Results The major findings of the FACE-SZ cohort may be summarized as follows: the metabolic syndrome is twice more frequent in schizophrenia as compared to the general population and is not correctly assessed and treated; cognitive disturbances have been found in benzodiazepine consumers and in patients with chronic low-grade peripheral inflammation; major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common current comorbid condition in about 20% of the subjects at the evaluation. MDD is associated with impaired quality of life and with increased nicotine dependency in SZ daily tobacco smokers. Improving depression and negative symptoms may be the most effective strategies to improve quality of life in schizophrenia; the duration of untreated psychosis is much longer in cannabis smokers and in subjects with an age at illness onset < 19 years. Adherence to treatment is diminished in subjects who report a subjective negative feeling after treatment intake independent of objective side effects (extrapyramidal syndrome and weight gain). Akathisia has been found in 18% of the subjects and has been associated with antipsychotic polytherapy. Conclusions In the light of these results, some recommendations for clinical care may be suggested. The early detection of schizophrenia should be specifically increased in adolescents and/or cannabis smokers. All patients should be administered a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation at the beginning of the illness and after stabilization under treatment. Improving metabolic parameters and lifestyle (diet and physical activity) should be reinforced. The benefit/risk ratio of benzodiazepine and antipsychotic polytherapy should be regularly reevaluated and withdrawn as soon as possible. If MDD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, improving depression may strongly improve the quality of life of SZ subjects. In the end, Cognitive Remediation Therapy and anti-inflammatory strategies should be more frequently included in therapeutic strategies.; Objectifs Le présent article propose de faire un retour sur les 10 ans d’expérience du réseau national des 10 centres experts schizophrénie Français, à travers une revue des principales publications scientifiques qui en sont issues. Méthodes À ce jour, les données de plus de 700 patients ont pu être analysées. Globalement, cette population est composée de trois quarts d’hommes, est âgée en moyenne de 32 ans, la durée moyenne de maladie est d’environ 11 ans, l’âge moyen de début de maladie est de 21 ans, la durée de psychose non traitée est d’environ un an et demi. 55 % des sujets sont consommateurs de tabac au moment de l’évaluation. Enfin, un focus sera fait sur les projets de recherche multicentriques collaboratifs déployés au sein de ce réseau. Résultats Les principales données obtenues peuvent être résumées comme suit : le syndrome métabolique reste deux fois plus fréquent dans la schizophrénie qu’en population générale et n’est pas correctement pris en charge ; des troubles cognitifs spécifiques ont été identifiés chez les patients consommateurs de benzodiazépines et chez les patients présentant une inflammation périphérique. Des spécificités liées au sexe ont également été observées ; la dépression comorbide reste très fréquente, elle est associée à une diminution de la qualité de vie et à une augmentation de la dépendance nicotinique chez les fumeurs. Prendre en charge la dépression et les symptômes négatifs pourraient fortement améliorer la qualité de vie des patients ; le délai à l’instauration du traitement est plus long pour les schizophrénies se déclenchant avant 19 ans et chez les consommateurs de cannabis. L’adhésion au traitement est diminuée chez les patients rapportant un ressenti subjectif négatif du traitement, indépendamment de la prise de poids ou d’un syndrome extrapyramidal. Enfin, l’akathisie est très fréquente et fortement associée à la polythérapie antipsychotique. Conclusions Ces résultats conduisent à formuler plusieurs recommandations. Le dépistage du trouble et le traitement devraient être renforcés chez les adolescents et les consommateurs de cannabis. Tous les patients devraient bénéficier d’une évaluation neuropsychologique au début de leur trouble, après stabilisation sous traitement, puis de façon plus espacée au cours de leur suivi. La prise en charge des paramètres métaboliques, de l’alimentation et de l’activité physique devrait être renforcée. La balance bénéfice/risque de la prescription de benzodiazépines doit être réévaluée régulièrement au regard de son impact notamment sur la cognition. La monothérapie antipsychotique est recommandée autant que possible pour limiter les effets indésirables. La dépression reste sous-diagnostiquée et doit faire l’objet d’une évaluation systématique et d’un traitement spécifique. La remédiation cognitive doit également être plus largement proposée chez les patients présentant des troubles cognitifs.
Published: 2019

16. Relationship between childhood trauma and level of insight in schizophrenia: A path-analysis in the national FACE-SZ dataset

Author: Baptiste Pignon, Mohamed Lajnef, Ophélia Godin, Marie-Maud Geoffray, Romain Rey, Jasmina Mallet, Caroline Dubertret, Paul Roux, Christine Passerieux, Laurent Marulaz, Lore Brunel, Julien Dubreucq, Sylvain Leignier, Delphine Capdevielle, Myrtille André, Bruno Aouizerate, David Misdrahi, Fabrice Berna, Pierre Vidailhet, Isabelle Chereau, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Guillaume Fond, Christophe Lançon, Marion Leboyer, Franck Schürhoff, M.D. Andrianarisoa, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, O. Blanc, L. Brunel, E. Bulzacka, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, Jm Danion, T. D'Amato, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, C. Fluttaz, G. Fond, S. Fonteneau, F. Gabayet, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, P.M. Llorca, J. Mallet, E. Metairie, D. Misdrahi, I. Offerlin-Meyer, C. Passerieux, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, R. Rey, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, A. Schandrin, F. Schurhoff, A. Tessier, Am Tronche, M. Urbach, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, P. Vidailhet, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Service de psychiatrie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine (UGA UFRM), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Mécanique des Fluides, Energies et Environnement (EDF R&D MFEE), EDF R&D (EDF R&D), EDF (EDF)-EDF (EDF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Pôle de psychiatrie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-CHU Marseille, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Hôpital Henri Mondor], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Faculté de médecine (UPEC Médecine), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Psychological Trauma, Neglect, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Humans, Medicine, Path analysis (statistics), Psychological abuse, Biological Psychiatry, Physical neglect, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, business.industry, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse, CTQ tree, Awareness, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Physical abuse, Adult Survivors of Child Adverse Events, Psychotic Disorders, Sexual abuse, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, Female, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Psychopathology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Introduction This study aimed was to investigate the relationship between different types of childhood trauma and the level of insight (i.e., awareness of having a psychiatric disorder) in subjects suffering from schizophrenia, as well as the putative role of clinical mediators. Methods 294 community-dwelling subjects with stable schizophrenia were included into FACE-SZ, a multicentre cross-sectional study. All patients were assessed by specialized multidisciplinary teams. The level of insight was assessed by the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD), and childhood trauma by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Path analyses from the five CTQ subscales (physical abuse and neglect, emotional abuse and neglect, and sexual abuse) and the SUMD, with current symptomatology (i.e., positive, negative, global psychopathology and depression) as mediator, was performed. Results Physical neglect (β = 0.14) and abuse (β = 0.13) were significantly associated with poor insight. Negative symptoms were a clinical mediator of the relationship between physical neglect and poor insight. Moreover, positive (β = 0.21) and negative (β = 0.30) symptoms were associated with poor insight, whereas depression (β = −0.14) was associated with higher levels of insight. Discussion For the first time, this study shows a significant relationship between childhood trauma, specifically physical neglect and abuse, and poor insight. The level of insight was linked to different clinical dimensions. Among subjects with schizophrenia, these results provide support for a role of childhood trauma in poorer management outcomes, and the need to provide treatment, including psycho-education that better targets the consequences of childhood trauma.
Published: 2019

17. Management of Athletic Turf Toe Using Biologics

Author: Ryan Schreiter, Aaron V. Mares, Robert O. Blanc, Carola F. van Eck, and Volker Musahl
Subjects: Hyperextension injury, 030222 orthopedics, medicine.medical_specialty, Sports injury, Nonsteroidal, business.industry, 030229 sport sciences, Walking boot, Turf toe, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, medicine, Physical therapy, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, business, human activities
Abstract: Turf toe is a common injury in a variety of different athletes, especially those involved in contact sports played on rigid surfaces. It is caused by a hyperextension injury to the hallux metatarsophalangeal joint resulting in attenuation or tearing of the plantar capsular ligamentous complex. Treatment generally consists of nonoperative measures such as rest, ice, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, taping, a stiff-sole shoe, walking boot, or casting. There has been a recent increase in the use of biologics, such as platelet-rich plasma and autologous conditioned plasma for the treatment of a variety of orthopaedic conditions. This study reports on 2 cases of turf toe treated with a combination of Toradol and autologous conditioned plasma. These case presentations are followed by a literature review on the use of biologics in the treatment of sports injuries.
Published: 2016

18. Risk factors for increased duration of untreated psychosis. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset

Author: G. Fond, L. Boyer, M. Andrianarisoa, O. Godin, L. Brunel, E. Bulzacka, N. Coulon, P.M. Llorca, F. Berna, B. Aouizerate, D. Capdevielle, T. D'Amato, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, J. Mallet, D. Misdrahi, R. Rey, R. Richieri, P. Roux, C. Passerieux, A. Schandrin, A.M. Tronche, P. Vidailhet, M. Leboyer, F. Schürhoff, O. Blanc, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, F. Schurhoff, A. Tessier, M. Urbach, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Departement de Psychiatrie, Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION ), Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Hospitalier d'Annecy, Centre hospitalier d'Annecy, IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM] (LA CONCEPTION), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894)
Subjects: Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Multivariate analysis, Delayed Diagnosis, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Untreated psychosis, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Prognosis of schizophrenia, Risk Factors, medicine, Humans, Bipolar disorder, Age of Onset, Psychiatry, Antipsychotic, Biological Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, biology, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, dup, Educational Status, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Cannabis, France, Independent Living, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objectives Reducing the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) may improve the prognosis of schizophrenia. This study investigated the prevalence, and associated risk factors, of long DUP in a large, non-selected sample of community-dwelling schizophrenia patients (SZ). Method 478 community-dwelling stable SZ participants (122 women and 356 men; mean age 32.37 ± 9.86 years) were recruited between 2010 and 2016. The mean retrospective DUP was evaluated from both patient and family reports, as well as hospital/psychiatrists records. Long DUP was defined as > 2 years. Results The mean DUP was 1.5 years. 80 participants (16.7%) had a DUP > 2 years. In multivariate analyses, after adjustment for sex, education level, history of childhood trauma and history of maternal schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, long DUP was associated with a younger age of illness onset (19.3 ± 6.67 years vs. 22.0 ± 6.51 years, adjusted odd ratio aOR = 0.91, 95%CI [0.86; 0.97], p = 0.003) and cannabis use disorder (20.0% vs. 10.3%, aOR = 2.41, 95%CI [1.14–5.09], p = 0.02). Conclusion A high proportion of SZ patients still have a long DUP. The present results suggest that illness onset before age 19 years and cannabis use are associated with long DUP in schizophrenia patients. Early psychosis detection programs should prioritize the targeting of these populations.
Published: 2018

19. Psychiatric disability as mediator of the neurocognition-functioning link in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: SEM analysis using the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia (ECPDS) scale

Author: Paul Roux, Mathieu Urbach, Sandrine Fonteneau, Fabrice Berna, Lore Brunel, Delphine Capdevielle, Isabelle Chereau, Julien Dubreucq, Catherine Faget-Agius, Guillaume Fond, Sylvain Leignier, Claire-Cécile Perier, Raphaëlle Richieri, Priscille Schneider, Franck Schürhoff, Anne-Marie Tronche, Hanan Yazbek, Anna Zinetti-Bertschy, Christine Passerieux, Eric Brunet-Gouet, M. Andrianarisoa, B. Aouizerate, N. Bazin, F. Berna, O. Blanc, L. Brunel, E. Bulzacka, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, Jm Danion, T. D'Amato, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, C. Fluttaz, G. Fond, S. Fonteneau, F. Gabayet, E. Giraud-Baro, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, null Llorca, J. Mallet, E. Metairie, D. Misdrahi, I. Offerlin-Meyer, C. Passerieux, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, L. Ramet, R. Rey, C. Roman, A. Schandrin, F. Schürhoff, A. Tessier, Am Tronche, M. Urbach, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, P. Vidailhet, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Psychometrics, media_common.quotation_subject, Metacognition, Remediation, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Disability Evaluation, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Visual memory, Neuropsychology, medicine, Humans, Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance, Functioning, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, media_common, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Disability, Middle Aged, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Psychotic Disorders, Cognitive remediation therapy, Latent Class Analysis, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Psychology, Neurocognitive, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Vigilance (psychology)
Abstract: International audience; The functional outcome in schizophrenia spectrum disorders is affected by multiple factors such as cognitive performance and clinical symptoms. Psychiatric disability may be another important determinant of functional outcome. The purpose of this study was to test whether schizophrenia symptoms and psychiatric disability mediated the association between cognition and functioning. Between April 2013 and July 2017, we included 108 community-dwelling adults with stable schizophrenia spectrum disorder in a multicenter study. Psychiatric disability was assessed with the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia (ECPDS) scale by relatives of patients. ECPDS focused on the broad array of motivational, neurocognitive, sociocognitive, and metacognitive impairments that result in activity restrictions. We used a battery of tests to assess seven cognition domains (processing speed, attention/vigilance, working, verbal and visual memory, reasoning and problem solving, and executive functioning) and cross-sectional structural equation modeling (SEM) for the mediation analyses. We estimated the one-year temporal stability of ECPDS scores in 45 participants. The model provided showed good fit and explained 43.9% of the variance in functioning. The effect of neurocognition on functioning was fully mediated by symptoms (proportion mediated: 36.5%) and psychiatric disability (proportion mediated: 31.3%). The ECPDS score had acceptable one-year temporal stability. The ECPDS scale has satisfactory psychometric properties, and shows significant convergence with neurocognition and functioning, suggesting a role for this tool in the routine evaluation of cognitive remediation needs. Our model validates psychiatric disability as a crucial step from cognitive impairment to restricted participation in life situations.
Published: 2018

20. Supplemental_Material – Supplemental material for Screening for cognitive deficits with the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia scale

Author: Roux, Paul, Urbach, Mathieu, Fonteneau, Sandrine, Berna, Fabrice, Brunel, Lore, Capdevielle, Delphine, Chereau, Isabelle, Dubreucq, Julien, Faget-Agius, Catherine, Fond, Guillaume, Leignier, Sylvain, Claire-Cécile Perier, Richieri, Raphaëlle, Schneider, Priscille, Schürhoff, Franck, Tronche, Anne Marie, Yazbek, Hanan, Zinetti-Bertschy, Anna, Passerieux, Christine, Brunet-Gouet, Eric, M Andrianarisoa, B Aouizerate, N Bazin, F Berna, O Blanc, L Brunel, E Bulzacka, D Capdevielle, I Chereau-Boudet, G Chesnoy-Servanin, JM Danion, T D’Amato, A Deloge, C Delorme, H Denizot, JM Dorey, C Dubertret, J Dubreucq, C Faget, C Fluttaz, G Fond, S Fonteneau, F Gabayet, E Giraud-Baro, D Lacelle, C Lançon, H Laouamri, M Leboyer, T Le Gloahec, Y Le Strat, PM Llorca, J Mallet, E Metairie, D Misdrahi, I Offerlin-Meyer, C Passerieux, P Peri, S Pires, C Portalier, L Ramet, R Rey, C Roman, A Schandrin, F Schürhoff, A Tessier, AM Tronche, M Urbach, F Vaillant, A Vehier, P Vidailhet, E Vilà, H Yazbek, and A Zinetti-Bertschy
Subjects: FOS: Clinical medicine, 110604 Sports Medicine, FOS: Health sciences, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases, 110314 Orthopaedics
Abstract: Supplemental material, Supplemental_Material for Screening for cognitive deficits with the Evaluation of Cognitive Processes involved in Disability in Schizophrenia scale by Paul Roux, Mathieu Urbach, Sandrine Fonteneau, Fabrice Berna, Lore Brunel, Delphine Capdevielle, Isabelle Chereau, Julien Dubreucq, Catherine Faget-Agius, Guillaume Fond, Sylvain Leignier, Claire-Cécile Perier, Raphaëlle Richieri, Priscille Schneider, Franck Schürhoff, Anne Marie Tronche, Hanan Yazbek, Anna Zinetti-Bertschy, the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Schizophrenia (FACE-SCZ) Collaborators, Christine Passerieux, Eric Brunet-Gouet, M Andrianarisoa, B Aouizerate, N Bazin, F Berna, O Blanc, L Brunel, E Bulzacka, D Capdevielle, I Chereau-Boudet, G Chesnoy-Servanin, JM Danion, T D’Amato, A Deloge, C Delorme, H Denizot, JM Dorey, C Dubertret, J Dubreucq, C Faget, C Fluttaz, G Fond, S Fonteneau, F Gabayet, E Giraud-Baro, D Lacelle, C Lançon, H Laouamri, M Leboyer, T Le Gloahec, Y Le Strat, PM Llorca, J Mallet, E Metairie, D Misdrahi, I Offerlin-Meyer, C Passerieux, P Peri, S Pires, C Portalier, L Ramet, R Rey, C Roman, A Schandrin, F Schürhoff, A Tessier, AM Tronche, M Urbach, F Vaillant, A Vehier, P Vidailhet, E Vilà, H Yazbek and A Zinetti-Bertschy in Clinical Rehabilitation
Published: 2018
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21. Latent toxoplasma infection in real-world schizophrenia: Results from the national FACE-SZ cohort

Author: G. Fond, L. Boyer, F. Schürhoff, F. Berna, O. Godin, E. Bulzacka, M. Andrianarisoa, L. Brunel, B. Aouizerate, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, N. Coulon, T. D'Amato, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, C. Lançon, S. Leignier, J. Mallet, D. Misdrahi, C. Passerieux, R. Rey, A. Schandrin, M. Urbach, P. Vidailhet, P.M. Llorca, M. Leboyer, N. Bazin, O. Blanc, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, A. Deloge, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, F. Gabayet, E. Giraud-Baro, M. Jarroir, D. Lacelle, H. Laouamri, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, L. Ramet, C. Roman, A. Tessier, A.M. Tronche, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Centre d'études et de recherche sur les services de santé et la qualité de vie (CEReSS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Hôpital de la Colombière, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Hôpital Henri Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Alogia, Population, Toxoplasma gondii, Antigens, Protozoan, Inflammation, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Extrapyramidal symptoms, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Cognitive Dysfunction, education, Biological Psychiatry, education.field_of_study, biology, Depression, business.industry, C-reactive protein, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Treatment, Psychiatry and Mental health, C-Reactive Protein, Cross-Sectional Studies, Schizophrenia, Immunoglobulin G, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Immunology, Symptoms, biology.protein, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, medicine.symptom, business, Toxoplasma, Toxoplasmosis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective Latent Toxoplasma infection has been associated with widespread brain immune activation, increased blood brain barrier permeability, neural disruption, increased dopamine release in dopaminergic neurons, with NMDA activation and with schizophrenia (SZ) onset risk. Toxoplasma has been suggested to be a source of chronic low-grade inflammation and this inflammation has been associated with cognitive impairment in SZ. The objective of the present study were (i) to determine if latent Toxoplasma infection was associated with specific clinical features in stabilized SZ subjects, with cognitive impairment and with increased low-grade peripheral inflammation and (ii) to determine if Treatments with Anti-Toxoplasmic Activity (TATA) were associated with improved outcomes in subjects with latent Toxoplasma infection. Methods A comprehensive 2 daylong clinical and neuropsychological battery was administered in 250 SZ subjects included between 2015 and 2017 in the national FondaMental Expert Center (FACE-SZ) Cohort. Solid phase-enzyme microplate immunoassay methods were used to measure IgG class of antibodies to T. gondii in blood sample. Latent Toxoplasma infection was defined by T . gondii IgG ratio ≥0.8, equivalent to ≥10 international units. Chronic peripheral inflammation was defined by highly sensitive C reactive protein blood level ≥ 3 mg/L. Results Latent Toxoplasma infection has been found in 184 (73.6%) of this national multicentric sample. In the multivariate analyses, latent Toxoplasma infection has been significantly associated with higher PANSS negative (aOR = 1.1 [1.1–1.1], p = 0.04) and excitement subscores (aOR = 1.3 [1.1–1.6], p = 0.01), with two specific symptoms (i.e., reference delusion (aOR = 3.6 [1.2–10.6] p = 0.01) and alogia (aOR = 16.7 [2.0–134.7], p = 0.008)) and with chronic low-grade peripheral inflammation (27.2% vs. 7.6%, aOR = 3.8 [1.4–10.3], p = 0.004). Extrapyramidal symptoms remained significantly associated with latent Toxoplasma infection. On the opposite, no significant association of latent Toxoplasma infection with age, gender, age at SZ onset, suicide behavior or cognitive deficits has been found in these models (all p > 0.05). TATA were associated with lower depressive symptoms (aOR = 0.8[0.7–0.9], p = 0.01), and with lower rates of chronic peripheral inflammation (20.9% vs. 48.6%, aOR = 3.5 [1.5–7.9], p = 0.003) but not with higher cognitive scores (p > 0.05). Conclusion The present findings suggest that Toxoplasma is almost 3 times more frequent in SZ population compared to general population in France. The potential cerebral underpinnings of the association of latent Toxoplasma infection and the above-mentioned outcomes have been discussed. Future studies should confirm that TATA may be effective to reduce Toxoplasma-associated depressive symptoms and low-grade peripheral inflammation.
Published: 2018

22. Cigarette smoking and schizophrenia: a specific clinical and therapeutic profile? Results from the FACE-Schizophrenia cohort

Author: J. Mallet, Y. Le Strat, F. Schürhoff, N. Mazer, C. Portalier, M. Andrianarisoa, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, L. Brunel, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, T. D'Amato, H. Denizot, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, C. Lançon, P.M. Llorca, D. Misdrahi, R. Rey, P. Roux, A. Schandrin, M. Urbach, P. Vidailhet, G. Fond, C. Dubertret, N. Bazin, O. Blanc, E. Bulzacka, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, D. Lacelle, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, C. Passerieux, P. Peri, S. Pires, L. Ramet, C. Roman, A. Tessier, A.M. Tronche, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Hospitalier d'Annecy, Centre hospitalier d'Annecy, IHU-LIRYC, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Population, Comorbidity, Anticholinergic agents, Cigarette Smoking, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Antipsychotic, education, Psychiatry, Biological Psychiatry, Clozapine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Confounding, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Schizophrenia, Multivariate Analysis, Cohort, Educational Status, Female, Aripiprazole, France, Independent Living, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Antipsychotic Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Tobacco use is common in patients with schizophrenia (SZ) but little is known on the role of tobacco in the physiopathology or on the course of the disease. Only few studies embrace an extensive examination of clinical and therapeutic characteristics in stabilized patients. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking in stabilized SZ outpatients and the clinical and treatment characteristics associated with daily tobacco use in a large community-dwelling sample of patients. Methods Three-hundred-and-sixty-one patients were included in the network of the FondaMental Expert Centers for Schizophrenia. Current tobacco status was self-declared. Results 53.7% were smokers. Mean age at tobacco onset was 17.2 years old. In multivariate analyses, after adjustment for confounding factors, positive symptoms and mean daily antipsychotic dose were associated with a higher frequency of tobacco use (OR = 1.06 95%IC[1.02–1.12], for positive symptoms, OR = 1.1, 95%IC[1.02–1.18] for daily antipsychotic dose). Education level, negative symptoms, anticholinergic agents, clozapine or aripiprazole administration were independently associated with a lower frequency of tobacco use (respectively OR = 0.87, 95%IC [0.79, 0.95], OR = 0.95, 95%IC[0.91–0.98], OR = 0.41, 95%IC[0.22–0.76], OR = 0.56, 95%IC = [0.32, 0.99] and OR = 0.49, 95%IC [0.26–0.91]). Conclusion The prevalence of current tobacco smoking in a French community-dwelling SZ patients is higher that observed in the general population. Patients with tobacco use present clinical and therapeutic specificities that may involve interaction between cholinergic-nicotinic and dopaminergic systems. The present study suggests that some therapeutics may improve daily smoking behavior in smokers. These results should be confirmed in longitudinal studies.
Published: 2017

23. Exact reconstruction with directional wavelets on the sphere

Author: Jason D. McEwen, Yves Wiaux, Pierre Vandergheynst, and O. Blanc
Subjects: Physics, Harmonic space, Discretization, Noise reduction, LTS2, Mathematical analysis, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics (astro-ph), filter banks, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Topological defect, Cosmic string, Wavelet, Space and Planetary Science, Deconvolution, wavelet on the sphere, cosmology
Abstract: A new formalism is derived for the analysis and exact reconstruction of band-limited signals on the sphere with directional wavelets. It represents an evolution of the wavelet formalism developed by Antoine & Vandergheynst (1999) and Wiaux et al. (2005). The translations of the wavelets at any point on the sphere and their proper rotations are still defined through the continuous three-dimensional rotations. The dilations of the wavelets are directly defined in harmonic space through a new kernel dilation, which is a modification of an existing harmonic dilation. A family of factorized steerable functions with compact harmonic support which are suitable for this kernel dilation is firstly identified. A scale discretized wavelet formalism is then derived, relying on this dilation. The discrete nature of the analysis scales allows the exact reconstruction of band-limited signals. A corresponding exact multi-resolution algorithm is finally described and an implementation is tested. The formalism is of interest notably for the denoising or the deconvolution of signals on the sphere with a sparse expansion in wavelets. In astrophysics, it finds a particular application for the identification of localized directional features in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, such as the imprint of topological defects, in particular cosmic strings, and for their reconstruction after separation from the other signal components., 22 pages, 2 figures. Version 2 matches version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Version 3 (identical to version 2) posted for code release announcement - "Steerable scale discretised wavelets on the sphere" - S2DW code available for download at http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/~jdm57/software.html
Published: 2017

24. Childhood trauma, depression and negative symptoms are independently associated with impaired quality of life in schizophrenia. Results from the national FACE-SZ cohort

Author: M. Andrianarisoa, L. Boyer, O. Godin, L. Brunel, E. Bulzacka, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, D. Capdevielle, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, P.M. Llorca, J. Mallet, D. Misdrahi, R. Rey, R. Richieri, C. Passerieux, A. Schandrin, A.M. Tronche, M. Urbach, P. Vidailhet, F. Schürhoff, G. Fond, O. Blanc, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, T. D'Amato, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, F. Schurhoff, A. Tessier, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Pôle de Psychiatrie [Hôpital Henri Mondor], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Physiopathologie du système nerveux central - Institut François Magendie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-IFR8-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Strasbourg, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Département de psychiatrie adulte, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital La Colombière, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Jeanne d'Arc, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital H. Mondor - A. Chenevier, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles (CHV), UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
Subjects: Child abuse, Adult, Male, Quality of life, medicine.medical_specialty, Childhood trauma, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, Child Abuse, Major depressive episode, Psychiatry, Child, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Depression, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Cohort, Multivariate Analysis, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Negative symptoms, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cohort study
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVES:Depression and negative symptoms have been associated with impaired Quality of life (QoL) in schizophrenia (SZ). However, childhood trauma may influence both QoL and depression in SZ patients, with consequences for the management of impaired QoL in SZ patients. The aim of the present study was to determine if childhood trauma was associated with impaired QoL in schizophrenia.METHOD:A sample of 544 community-dwelling stabilized SZ patients enrolled in FACE-SZ cohort were utilized in this study (74.1% males, mean aged 32.3years, mean illness duration 10.6years). QoL was self-reported with the S-QoL18 questionnaire. Childhood trauma was self-reported with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Depression was measured by the Calgary Depression Rating Scale for Schizophrenia. Psychotic severity was measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS). Other clinical factors, treatments, comorbidities, functioning and sociodemographical variables were also recorded, with validated scales.RESULTS:Overall, 151 participants (27.8%) had a current major depressive episode and 406 (82.5%) reported at least one episode of historical childhood trauma. In multivariate analyses, lower QoL total score was associated with a history of childhood trauma (β=-0.21, p
Published: 2017

25. Influence of Venus and Mars in the cognitive sky of schizophrenia. Results from the first-step national FACE-SZ cohort

Author: G. Fond, L. Boyer, M. Leboyer, O. Godin, P.M. Llorca, M. Andrianarisoa, F. Berna, L. Brunel, B. Aouizerate, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, T. D'Amato, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, J. Mallet, D. Misdrahi, R. Rey, C. Lancon, C. Passerieux, P. Roux, P. Vidailhet, H. Yazbek, F. Schürhoff, E. Bulzacka, O. Blanc, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, Jm Danion, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, J.M. Dorey, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, null Llorca, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, A. Schandrin, F. Schurhoff, A. Tessier, Am Tronche, M. Urbach, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, E. Vilà, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Génétique moléculaire de la neurotransmission et des processus neurodégénératifs (LGMNPN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Information – Technologies – Analyse Environnementale – Procédés Agricoles (UMR ITAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre Hospitalier d'Annecy, Centre hospitalier d'Annecy, IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-IFR10, and CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2
Subjects: Adult, Male, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Neuropsychological Tests, Verbal learning, Developmental psychology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, 0302 clinical medicine, Borderline intellectual functioning, medicine, Verbal fluency test, Humans, Biological Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Analysis of Variance, Sex Characteristics, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Neuropsychology, Cognitive flexibility, [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences, Cognition, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Executive functions, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Female, Schizophrenic Psychology, Independent Living, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Objectives Sex differences can yield important clues regarding illness pathophysiology and its treatment. Schizophrenia (SZ) has a lower incidence rate, and a better prognosis, in women versus men. The present study investigated the cognitive profiles of both sexes in a large multi-centre sample of community-dwelling SZ patients. Method 544 community-dwelling stable SZ subjects (141 women and 403 men; mean age 34.5 ± 12.1 and 31.6 ± 8.7 years, respectively) were tested with a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. Results Although community-dwelling SZ men had more risk factors for impaired cognition (including first-generation antipsychotics administration and comorbid addictive disorders), women had lower scores on a wide range of cognitive functions, including current and premorbid intellectual functioning, working memory, semantic memory, non-verbal abstract thinking and aspects of visual exploration. However, women scored higher in tests of processing speed and verbal learning, as well as having a lower verbal learning bias. No sex difference were evident for visuospatial learning abilities, cued verbal recall, sustained attention and tests of executive functions, including cognitive flexibility, verbal abstract thinking, verbal fluency and planning abilities. Conclusion Sex differences are evident in the cognitive profiles of SZ patients. The impact on daily functioning and prognosis, as well as longitudinal trajectory, should be further investigated in the FACE-SZ follow-up study. Sex differences in cognition have implications for precision-medicine determined therapeutic strategies. Limits Given the restricted age range of the sample, future research will have to determine cognitive profiles across gender in late onset SZ.
Published: 2017

26. Akathisia: prevalence and risk factors in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset

Author: F. Berna, D. Misdrahi, L. Boyer, B. Aouizerate, L. Brunel, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, J.M. Danion, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, C. Lancon, J. Mallet, R. Rey, C. Passerieux, A. Schandrin, F. Schurhoff, A.M. Tronche, M. Urbach, P. Vidailhet, P.M. Llorca, G. Fond, O. Blanc, E. Bulzacka, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, T. D'Amato, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, M. De Pradier, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, M. Leboyer, T. Le Gloahec, Y. Le Strat, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, A. Tessier, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, J. Vilain, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], CHU Strasbourg, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Databases, Factual, Psychomotor agitation, medicine.medical_treatment, Schizoaffective disorder, Antidepressant, Akathisia, Severity of Illness Index, Antipsychotic, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Anticholinergic drug, Severity of illness, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, Psychomotor Agitation, Biological Psychiatry, Benzodiazepine, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, 3. Good health, Barnes Akathisia Scale, Psychiatry and Mental health, Psychotic Disorders, Schizophrenia, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Female, Independent Living, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Antipsychotic Agents
Abstract: International audience; The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of akathisia in a community-dwelling sample of patients with schizophrenia, and to determine the effects of treatments and the clinical variables associated with akathisia. 372 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were systematically included in the network of FondaMental Expert Center for Schizophrenia and assessed with validated scales. Akathisia was measured with the Barnes Akathisia Scale (BAS). Ongoing psychotropic treatment was recorded. The global prevalence of akathisia (as defined by a score of 2 or more on the global akathisia subscale of the BAS) in our sample was 18.5%. Patients who received antipsychotic polytherapy were at higher risk of akathisia and this result remained significant (adjusted odd ratio=2.04, p=.025) after controlling the influence of age, gender, level of education, level of psychotic symptoms, substance use comorbidities, current administration of antidepressant, anticholinergic drugs, benzodiazepines, and daily-administered antipsychotic dose. The combination of second-generation antipsychotics was associated with a 3-fold risk of akathisia compared to second-generation antipsychotics used in monotherapy. Our results indicate that antipsychotic polytherapy should be at best avoided and suggest that monotherapy should be recommended in cases of akathisia. Long-term administration of benzodiazepines or anticholinergic drugs does not seem to be advisable in cases of akathisia, given the potential side effects of these medications.
Published: 2015

27. Talocrural Dislocation With Associated Weber Type C Fibular Fracture in a Collegiate Football Player: A Case Report

Author: Patrick J. McMahon, Anthony M. Buoncritiani, Freddie H. Fu, David A. Stone, R. Daniel Ricci, James Cerullo, and Robert O. Blanc
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Engineering, Universities, business.industry, Football, Joint Dislocations, Subtalar Joint, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Case Reports, General Medicine, Fractures, Bone, Fibula, Fibular fracture, Dislocation (syntax), Athletic Injuries, Physical therapy, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, business
Abstract: Objective: To present the case of a talocrural dislocation with a Weber type C fibular fracture in a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football athlete. Background: The athlete, while attempting to make a tackle during a game, collided with an opponent, who in turn stepped on the lateral aspect of the athlete's ankle, resulting in forced ankle eversion and external rotation. On-field evaluation showed a laterally displaced talocrural dislocation. Immediate reduction was performed in the athletic training room to maintain skin integrity. Post-reduction radiographs revealed a Weber type C fibular fracture and increased medial joint clear space. A below-knee, fiberglass splint was applied to stabilize the ankle joint complex. Differential Diagnosis: Subtalar dislocation, Maisonneuve fracture, malleolar fracture, deltoid ligament rupture, syndesmosis disruption. Treatment: The sports medicine staff immediately splinted and transported the athlete to the athletic training room to reduce the dislocation. The athlete then underwent an open reduction and internal fixation procedure to stabilize the injury: 2 syndesmosis screws and a fibular plate were placed to keep the ankle joint in an anatomically reduced position. With the guidance of the athletic training staff, the athlete underwent an accelerated physical rehabilitation protocol in an effort to return to sport as quickly and safely as possible. Uniqueness: Most talocrural dislocations and associated Weber type C fibular fractures are due to motor vehicle accidents or falls. We are the first to describe this injury in a Division I football player and to present a general rehabilitation protocol for a high-level athlete. Conclusions: Sports medicine practitioners must recognize that this injury can occur in the athletic environment. Prompt reduction, early surgical intervention, sufficient resources, and an accelerated rehabilitation protocol all contributed to a successful outcome in the patient.
Published: 2008

28. Metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia in schizophrenia: Results from the FACE-SZ cohort

Author: O. Godin, M. Leboyer, A. Gaman, B. Aouizerate, F. Berna, L. Brunel, D. Capdevielle, I. Chereau, J.M. Dorey, C. Dubertret, J. Dubreucq, C. Faget, F. Gabayet, Y. Le Strat, P.M. Llorca, D. Misdrahi, R. Rey, R. Richieri, C. Passerieux, A. Schandrin, F. Schürhoff, M. Urbach, P. Vidalhet, N. Girerd, G. Fond, O. Blanc, E. Bulzacka, I. Chereau-Boudet, G. Chesnoy-Servanin, J.M. Danion, T. D'Amato, A. Deloge, C. Delorme, H. Denizot, M. Depradier, C. Fluttaz, S. Fonteneau, E. Giraud-Baro, M.C. Hardy-Bayle, D. Lacelle, C. Lançon, H. Laouamri, T. Le Gloahec, E. Metairie, I. Offerlin-Meyer, P. Peri, S. Pires, C. Portalier, C. Roman, M. Sebilleau, A. Tessier, A.M. Tronche, F. Vaillant, A. Vehier, P. Vidailhet, E. Vilà, H. Yazbek, A. Zinetti-Bertschy, Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Psychiatrie et Neurologie personnalisées [AP-HP Hôpital Henri-Mondor] (DHU PePsy), Hôpital Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Charles PERRENS, Physiopathologie du système nerveux central - Institut François Magendie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-IFR8-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie (NCPS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Hôpital de la Colombière, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Référent de Réhabilitation Psychosociale [CH Alpes Isère], Centre Hospitalier Alpes Isère, Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin [Nancy] (CIC-P), Centre d'investigation clinique [Nancy] (CIC), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique (DCAC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), AP-HP Hôpital Henri Mondor (Créteil), Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux - Clermont Auvergne (NPsy-Sydo), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Hopital Louis Mourier - AP-HP [Colombes], Pôle de Psychiatrie Universitaire Solaris, Marseille, Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Centre Hospitalier de Versailles (CHV), UFR des Sciences de la Santé Simone Veil, Centre d'investigation clinique plurithématique Pierre Drouin (CIC-P), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL)
Subjects: Male, MESH: Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, MESH: Chi-Square Distribution, Blood Pressure, MESH: Metabolic Diseases, Comorbidity, MESH: Lipoproteins, HDL, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Hyperuricemia, MESH: Cohort Studies, Abdominal obesity, Anthropometry, MESH: Blood Pressure, MESH: Hyperuricemia, Metabolic syndrome, 3. Good health, Psychiatry and Mental health, MESH: Young Adult, Obesity, Abdominal, Cohort, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Lipoproteins, HDL, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Obesity, Abdominal, MESH: Body Mass Index, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolic Diseases, MESH: Anthropometry, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Biological Psychiatry, MESH: Prevalence, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Chi-Square Distribution, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Schizophrenia, 030227 psychiatry, MESH: France, Endocrinology, Schizophrenia, business, Body mass index, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Dyslipidemia
Abstract: Objective Abdominal obesity was suggested to be a better predictor than Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) for cardiovascular mortality, however this is has not been extensively studied in schizophrenia. Hyperuricemia (HU) was also suggested to be both an independent risk factor for greater somatic comorbidity and a global metabolic stress marker in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and HU, to examine the association between metabolic parameters with HU in a cohort of French patients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder (SZ), and to estimate the prevalence rates of treatment of cardio-vascular risk factors. Method 240 SZ patients (age = 31.4 years, male gender 74.3%) were systematically included. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation and HU if serum uric acid level was above 360 μmol/L. Results MetS, abdominal obesity and HU were found respectively in 24.2%, 21.3% and 19.6% of patients. In terms of risk factors, multiple logistic regression showed that after taking into account the potential confounders, the risk for HU was higher in males (OR = 5.9, IC95 [1.7–21.4]) and in subjects with high waist circumference (OR = 3.1, IC95 [1.1–8.3]) or hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 4.9, IC95 [1.9–13]). No association with hypertension, low HDL cholesterol or high fasting glucose was observed. Only 10% of patients with hypertension received a specific treatment, 18% for high fasting glucose and 8% for dyslipidemia. Conclusions The prevalence of MetS, abdominal obesity and hyperuricemia is elevated in French patients with schizophrenia, all of which are considerably under-diagnosed and undertreated. HU is strongly associated with abdominal obesity but not with psychiatric symptomatology.
Published: 2015

29. Study of atrial arrhythmias in a computer model based on magnetic resonance images of human atria

Author: Jean-Marc Vesin, Nathalie Virag, Vincent Jacquemet, Etienne Pruvot, Lukas Kappenberger, O. Blanc, Steeve Zozor, Craig S. Henriquez, Laboratoire de Traitement du signal [EPFL] / Signal Processing Laboratories (SP Lab), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Medtronic Europe SA, Division de cardiologie [CHU Vaudois] (CHUV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Department of Biomedical Engineering [Durham], Duke University [Durham], Laboratoire des images et des signaux (LIS), Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)
Subjects: Physics, medicine.diagnostic_test, Applied Mathematics, 0206 medical engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics, Magnetic resonance imaging, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Thermal conduction, 020601 biomedical engineering, Restitution, 03 medical and health sciences, Electrophysiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Wavelet, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, PACS: 87.19.Hh, 87.19.Nn, 87.10.+e, 05.45.-a, medicine, Transient (oscillation), Anisotropy, Electrocardiography, Mathematical Physics, Simulation
Abstract: special issue on "Mapping, Control of Complex Cardiac Electrophysiological Dynamics"; The maintenance of multiple wavelets appears to be a consistent feature of atrial fibrillation (AF). In this paper, we investigate possible mechanisms of initiation and perpetuation of multiple wavelets in a computer model of AF. We developed a simplified model of human atria that uses an ionic-based membrane model and whose geometry is derived from a segmented magnetic resonance imaging data set. The three-dimensional surface has a realistic size and includes obstacles corresponding to the location of major vessels and valves, but it does not take into account anisotropy. The main advantage of this approach is its ability to simulate long duration arrhythmias (up to 40 s). Clinically relevant initiation protocols, such as single-site burst pacing, were used. The dynamics of simulated AF were investigated in models with different action potential durations and restitution properties, controlled by the conductance of the slow inward current in a modified Luo–Rudy model. The simulation studies show that (1) single-site burst pacing protocol can be used to induce wave breaks even in tissue with uniform membrane properties, (2) the restitution-based wave breaks in an atrial model with realistic size and conduction velocities are transient, and (3) a significant reduction in action potential duration (even with apparently flat restitution) increases the duration of AF.
Published: 2002

30. A computer model of human atria with reasonable computation load and realistic anatomical properties

Author: Lukas Kappenberger, Jean-Marc Vesin, O. Blanc, and Nathalie Virag
Subjects: Models, Anatomic, Programmed stimulation, Computation, Biomedical Engineering, User-Computer Interface, Atrial Fibrillation, medicine, Humans, Computer Simulation, Heart Atria, cardiovascular diseases, Simulation, Fibrillation, Atrium (architecture), business.industry, Computer aid, Models, Cardiovascular, Heart, Atrial fibrillation, Atrial arrhythmias, Atrial Function, medicine.disease, Electrophysiology, cardiovascular system, Flutter, LTS1, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent arrhythmia, provoking discomfort, heart failure and arterial embolisms. The aim of this work is to develop a simplified anatomical computer model of human atria for the study of atrial arrhythmias and the understanding of electrical propagation mechanisms. With the model the authors propose, up to 40 s of real-time propagation have been simulated on a single-processor computer. The size and the electrophysiological properties of the simulated atria are within realistic values and information about anatomy has been taken into account in a three-dimensional structure. Besides normal sinus beat, pathological phenomena such as flutter and fibrillation have been induced using a programmed stimulation protocol. One important observation in the authors' model is that atrial arrhythmias are a combination of functional and anatomical reentries and that the geometry plays an important role. This virtual atrium can reproduce electrophysiological observations made in humans but with the advantage of showing in great detail how arrhythmias are initiated and sustained. Such details are difficult or impossible to study in humans. This model will serve one as a tool to evaluate the impact of new therapeutic strategies and to improve them.
Published: 2001

31. Helmet and Shoulder Pad Removal From a Player With Suspected Cervical Spine Injury

Author: William C. Lauerman, Robert O. Blanc, Brian V. Heil, William F. Donaldson, and Todd M. Swenson
Subjects: Joint Instability, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Movement, medicine.medical_treatment, education, Football, Cervical spine injury, Osteotomy, Models, Biological, Sports Equipment, Cadaver, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Displacement (orthopedic surgery), Reduction (orthopedic surgery), Orthodontics, business.industry, Videotape Recording, Cervical spine, Chin, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Injuries, Fluoroscopy, Cervical Vertebrae, Head Protective Devices, Neurology (clinical), business, Cadaveric spasm, human activities
Abstract: Study design Video fluoroscopy was used to evaluate the motion in an unstable spine during helmet and shoulder pad removal. Objective To observe the amount of motion that occurs during the removal of helmet and shoulder pads in an injured spine. Summary of background data Removal of shoulder pads and helmet from a football player with suspected cervical spine injury can be particularly hazardous. How much flexion occurs at the unstable level during removal of equipment is unknown. Methods Six fresh cadavers were used in the study. In three, an unstable C1-C2 segment was created by transoral osteotomy of the base of C2. In the remaining three, instability was created at C5-C6 by a posterior release. Under fluoroscopic recording, the helmets were removed by first removing the chin strap, face mask, and ear pieces. With the neck stabilized, the helmet was carefully removed. The shoulder pads were carefully removed, with the head stabilized. Angulation, distraction, and space available for the cord were measured at C1-C2. Translation, angulation, distraction, and change in disc height were measured in the specimens with unstable C5-C6. Results In cadavers with C1-C2 instability, the mean change in angulation was 5.47 degrees, and space available for the cord was 3.91 mm. Shoulder pads were removed while the head was stabilized. The mean change in angulation at C1-C2 was less during removal of shoulder pads than during helmet removal at 2.9 degrees. Space available for the cord was 2.64 mm. Distraction was also greater during helmet removal (2.98 mm) than during shoulder pad removal (1.76 mm). In the unstable spine, the change in displacement in translation was greater during shoulder pad removal (3.87 mm), than during helmet removal (0.41 mm). Disc height change was similar. Distraction of the spinous processes was greater during helmet removal (3.68 mm) than during shoulder pad removal (1.37 mm). Angulation was similar in both maneuvers. Conclusions Helmet and shoulder pad removal in the unstable cervical spine is a complex maneuver. In the unstable C1-C2 segment, helmet removal causes more angulation in flexion, more distraction, and more narrowing of the space available for the cord. In the lower cervical spine (C5-C6), helmet removal causes flexion of 9.32 degrees, and during shoulder pad removal the neck extends 8.95 degrees, a total of approximately 18 degrees. Disc height changes from 1.24 mm of distraction to 1.06 mm of compression during helmet removal and shoulder pad removal for a total 2.3-mm change. Translation, which correlates with the change in the space available for the cord, is greater at C5-C6 during shoulder pad removal. Because most of the cadavers had C5 anteriorly displaced on C6 to begin with, the extension force during shoulder pad removal caused a 3.87-mm change in reduction of C5 on C6. Because of the motion observed in the unstable spine, helmet and shoulder pad removal should be performed in a carefully monitored setting. They should be removed together by at least three, preferably four, trained people.
Published: 1998

32. Luminescence of levitated Zr-Ba-La-Al-Na fluoride glass

Author: N. Can, B. Yang, J. Granier, A. Janke, O. Blanc, P. Baniel, and P.D. Townsend
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials science, chemistry, Impurity, ZBLAN, Exciton, Analytical chemistry, Physics::Optics, Cathodoluminescence, Radioluminescence, Crystallite, Luminescence, Thermoluminescence
Abstract: Radioluminescence, cathodoluminescence, and thermoluminescence of Zr-Ba-La-Al-Na (ZBLAN) fluoride glass reveal different aspects of the intrinsic imperfections and impurities which control the emission. Except for weak low-temperature thermoluminescence signals which could be attributed to rare-earth impurities, the majority of the emission bands were common to all samples. These are considered to arise from intrinsic electron-hole recombination processes, either during relaxed exciton emission or at intrinsic defect sites in the glass network. Deconvolution of the spectra indicates that six emission bands occur in all the samples. Production of crystallite inclusions or intrinsic defects enhance the signal intensities. The luminescence is shown to be a useful probe of the quality of the ZBLAN glass, both in the preform stage, and after fiber drawing, even when working with the very high grade material produced by gas film levitation growth.
Published: 1997

33. Cervical Spine Alignment in the Immobilized Football Player

Author: Freddie H. Fu, William C. Lauerman, William F. Donaldson, Todd M. Swenson, and Robert O. Blanc
Subjects: Adult, Male, musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Lordosis, Radiography, education, Football, Kyphosis, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Immobilization, medicine, Humans, Sagittal alignment, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Orthodontics, business.industry, Significant difference, medicine.disease, Cervical spine, Sagittal plane, Surgery, Transportation of Patients, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinal Injuries, Cervical Vertebrae, Head Protective Devices, business, human activities
Abstract: We investigated the effect of football helmet removal on the sagittal alignment of the cervical spine. A quan titative radiographic assessment of relative cervical spine position in subjects immobilized to a standard backboard wearing shoulder pads either with or with out a helmet was performed. Comparison was made to a control situation with subjects on a backboard wear ing no equipment. Ten subjects were studied using lateral computed tomographic scout films; each subject served as his own control. Radiographs were meas ured for overall sagittal cervical alignment and the amount of lordosis or kyphosis present within specific segments of the cervical spine. Mean values for each of the three defined situations (no equipment, shoulder pads and helmet, shoulder pads alone after helmet removal) were calculated and subjected to statistical analysis. No statistically significant difference in cervi cal sagittal alignment was noted when either no equip ment or both shoulder pads and helmet were worn. In contrast, a statistically significant increase in cervical lordosis (extension) was found when comparing the control situation to that when only shoulder pads were worn after the helmet had been removed. The majority of this increase occurred in the subaxial spine. There fore, the authors recommend that football players with a potential cervical spine injury be immobilized for transport with both their helmet and shoulder pads left in place, thereby maintaining the neck in a position most closely approximating "normal."
Published: 1997

34. Diagnostic criteria for apathy in clinical practice

Author: Ricardo S. Osorio, M. Delliaux, Kathy Dujardin, O. Tible, F.Rj. Verhey, O. Blanc, A. F. G. Leentjens, J. Yessavage, Philippe Robert, Barbara Dessi, Emmanuel Mulin, Alfonso J. Cruz Jentoft, D. Dachevsky, Flavio Nobili, Elsa Leone, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Luis Agüera-Ortiz, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, and RS: MHeNs School for Mental Health and Neuroscience
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Apathy, Behavioral Symptoms, Neuropsychological Tests, mental disorders, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, medicine, 80 and over, Prevalence, Dementia, Humans, Major depressive episode, education, Psychiatry, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Geriatrics, education.field_of_study, Mental Disorders, Reproducibility of Results, Alzheimer's disease, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, apathy, dementia, diagnostic criteria, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Psychiatry and Mental Health, Schizophrenia, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract: Background Apathy is an important and distressing behavioural symptom in Alzheimer's disease and in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, diagnostic criteria for apathy have been proposed. Objectives In groups of patients suffering from different neuropsychiatric diseases, (i) to estimate the prevalence of patients meeting the proposed diagnostic criteria; (ii) to estimate the concurrent validity of the criteria with the neuropsychiatric inventory (NPI) apathy item; (iii) to identify the most frequently met criteria or sub-criteria in each specific neuropsychiatric disease and (iv) to estimate the inter-observer reliability of the diagnostic criteria for apathy. Methods This cross-sectional, multicentric, observational study was performed on 306 patients. Each of the participating centres had to check the presence of apathy according to the diagnostic criteria for apathy in consecutive patients belonging to the following diagnoses list: Alzheimer disease (AD), mixed dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), Schizophrenia (DSM-IV) and major depressive episode. In addition to the clinical interview, the assessment included the Mini Mental Score Examination (MMSE) and the NPI. At the end of the visit, clinicians were required to check the diagnostic criteria for apathy. Results Using the diagnostic criteria for apathy, the frequency of apathy was of 53% in the whole population, 55% in AD, 70% in mixed dementia, 43% in MCI, 27% in PD, 53% in schizophrenia and 94% in major depressive episode. In AD, mixed dementia, MCI and PD, the NPI apathy score was significantly higher for patient fulfilling the apathy criteria. Goal-directed cognitive activity (criteria B2-Cognition) was the most frequently observed domain followed by goal-directed behaviour (criteria B1—Behaviour) and emotion (criteria B3), respectively. Inter-rater reliability was high for the overall diagnostic (κ coefficient = 0.93; p = 0.0001) and for each criteria. Conclusion This study is the first one to test the diagnostic criteria for apathy in clinical practice. Results make the diagnostic criteria useful for clinical practice and research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Published: 2011

35. Design and Experimental Validation of an Augmented Reality System With Wireless Integration for Context Aware Enhanced Show Experience in Auditoriums

Author: I. Picallo, A. Vidal-Balea, O. Blanco-Novoa, P. Lopez-Iturri, P. Fraga-Lamas, H. Klaina, T. M. Fernandez-Carames, L. Azpilicueta, and F. Falcone
Subjects: Auditorium, wireless channel, augmented reality, HoloLens, impaired persons, enhanced show experience, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: The development of multiple cultural and social related activities, such as shows related with the performing arts, conferences or presentations rely on facilities such as auditoriums, theatres and conference sites, which are progressively including multiple technological features in order to enhance user experience. There are still however situations in which user experience is limited owing to lack of environment adaption, such as people with disabilities. In this sense, the adoption of Context Aware paradigms within auditoriums can provide adequate functionalities in order to comply with specific needs. This work is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility in enhancing user experience (e.g., improving the autonomy of disabled people) within auditorium and theatre environments, by means of an Augmented Reality (AR) device (HoloLens smart glasses) with wireless system integration. To carry out the demonstration, different elements to build AR applications are described and tested. First, an intensive measurement campaign was performed in a real auditorium in the city of Pamplona (Baluarte Congress Center) in order to evaluate the feasibility of using Wi-Fi enabled AR devices in a complex wireless propagation scenario. The results show that these environments exhibit high levels of interference, owing to the co-existence and non-coordinated operation of multiple wireless communication systems, such as on site and temporary Wi-Fi access points, wireless microphones or communications systems used by performers, staff and users. Deterministic wireless channel estimation based in volumetric 3D Ray Launching have been obtained for the complete scenario volume, in order to assess quality of service metrics. For illustration purposes, a user-friendly application to help hearing impaired people was developed and its main features were tested in the auditorium. Such an application provides users with a 3D virtual space to visualize useful multimedia content like subtitles or additional information about the show, as well as an integrated call button.
Published: 2021
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36. [Aspiration and ingestion of dental instruments--diagnosis, treatment and prevention]

Author: O, Emodi, A E, Imad, O, Blanc, and D, Aizenbud
Subjects: Adult, Male, Dental Instruments, Respiratory Aspiration, Suction, Foreign Bodies, Deglutition, Gastrointestinal Tract, Radiography, Orthodontic Appliances, Bronchoscopy, Humans, Female, Child, Lung, Aged
Abstract: Aspiration and ingestion of foreign bodies of dental origin during treatment may cause a gastrointestinal and airway obstruction or perforation, and may constitute a life threatening situation. Ingestion occurs more often than aspiration and usually does not cause any clinical signs or symptoms. Most often it will spontaneously rejected from the gastrointestinal tract by peristaltic movement without any coimplication. However aspiration always requires treatment since foreign bodies there may cause inflammatory reaction and even severe obstruction and death. This article describes one case of aspiration and 3 cases of ingestion of dental instruments and materials. We discuss the diagnostic procedure: evidence of clinical signs and plain radiography, CT and the use of contrast material in case of radiolucent foreign bodies. The modern technique of endoscopy is successfully performed for diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in case of aspiration with minimal complications. We suggest a step by step protocol of treatment at the dental clinic in the case of ingestion/aspiration of foreign body and discuss several prevention techniques.
Published: 2006

37. [Pre-septal orbital cellulitis from odentogenic origin--combined surgical and endodontic approach: a case report]

Author: O, Blanc, N, Steinbock, I, Rabinovich, A, Rachmiel, and M, Peled
Subjects: Cuspid, Periapical Abscess, Adolescent, Focal Infection, Dental, Orbital Diseases, Drainage, Humans, Cellulitis, Female, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Root Canal Therapy
Abstract: Orbital abscesses are common infectious diseases. The etiology of orbital abscesses may vary from common sinusitis in most of the cases, to cocaine sniffing. As a result of the proximity to the brain, orbital abscesses may complicate to life threatening situations. The infectious process spreads to the orbit in several ways: hematogenous, via anatomic spaces in the maxillofacial region, direct invasion. The treatment philosophy combines surgical and Antibiotic therapy to resolve the acute phase of the disease, followed by elimination of the source. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of pre septal orbital cellulitis, that was treated surgically combined with endodontic therapy. To describe the different subtypes of orbital abscesses, differential diagnosis, imaging and treatment options.
Published: 2004

38. Evaluation of ablation patterns by means of a computer model of human atria

Author: Lam Dang, J.-M. Vesin, O. Blanc, Lukas Kappenberger, Nathalie Virag, Z. Ihara, and V. Jacquemet
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Left atrium, Atrial fibrillation, Catheter ablation, Ablation, medicine.disease, Clot formation, Embolic stroke, Radiation therapy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Medicine, Ablation Therapy, LTS1, cardiovascular diseases, business
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most common form of arrhythmia. Consequences for patients are discomfort, blood clot formation and a high risk of embolic stroke. The choice of therapy is patient-dependent and is usually based on the degree of disability and the associated symptoms. Surgical/catheter ablation is a therapeutical procedure, which consists in creating lines of conduction block to interrupt maintenance of atrial fibrillation. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate different ablation patterns by means of a computer model of human atria. The importance of ablation lines in the right or left atrium is studied and compared to Maze-type procedures, which represent the standard in ablation therapy.
Published: 2004

39. 3D computer model of atrial arrhythmias

Author: Lukas Kappenberger, Nathalie Virag, J.-M. Vesin, and O. Blanc
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, Atrial arrhythmias, medicine.disease, Electrical conduction, Internal medicine, Anesthesia, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, medicine, LTS1, cardiovascular diseases, Controlling Chaos and Bifurcations in Engineering Systems, business, Atrial flutter
Abstract: Based on a 2D heterogeneous and anisotropic computer model of electrical conduction in the cardiac tissue, we have developed a 3D anatomical model of human atria of about 250'000 cardiac cells. We have been able to initiate atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation and to reproduce observations made in clinical experiments.
Published: 2003

40. Study of the mechanisms of arrhythmias in an anatomical computer model of human atria

Author: Nathalie Virag, J. Koerfer, J.-M. Vesin, Lukas Kappenberger, and O. Blanc
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Programmed stimulation, Atrium (architecture), business.industry, Atrial fibrillation, medicine.disease, Electrophysiology, Embolism, Heart failure, Internal medicine, Random pattern, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Medicine, cardiovascular diseases, business, Atrial flutter
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation is the most frequent arrhythmia, provoking discomfort, heart failure and embolism. Based on a 20 heterogeneous and anisotropic model of cardiac tissue using the Beeler-Reuter and the Luo-Rudy models, a realistic 30 anatomical computer model of human atria containing about 250000 cardiac cells has been designed. The simulated size is 3 cm/spl times/3 cm/spl times/7 cm and holes of appropriate size have been placed for the veins and the valves. Using a programmed stimulation protocol similar to those of clinical electrophysiological studies, sustained atrial flutter with a periodic pattern has been induced as well as atrial fibrillation with a random pattern containing up to 6 independent wavelets. This virtual atrium can reproduce electrophysiological observations made in humans but with the advantage of showing details difficult to study in nature and of being reproducible.
Published: 2003

41. Virtual RF ablation in a 3D computer model of atrial arrhythmias

Author: Lukas Kappenberger, Nathalie Virag, J.-M. Vesin, and O. Blanc
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Atrial arrhythmias, Ablation, medicine.disease, Pharmacological treatment, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, Radiofrequency heating, cardiovascular diseases, business, Rf ablation, Atrial flutter, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: A realistic 3D anatomical computer model of human atria has been designed, which simulates the cellular and tissue electrophysiology of atria. After having initiated sustained atrial flutter, the authors have tested some antiarrhythmic interventions, like pharmacological treatment and RF ablation. The virtual RF ablation simulations have a behavior similar to that reported in biological experiments. Therefore this anatomical model constitutes a new tool to study the impact of ablation for atrial arrhythmias.
Published: 2003

42. Study of Unipolar Electrogram Morphology in a Computer Model of Atrial Fibrillation

Author: Zenichi Ihara, Jean-Marc Vesin, Lukas Kappenberger, O. Blanc, Craig S. Henriquez, Lam Dang, Vincent Jacquemet, Steeve Zozor, Nathalie Virag, Laboratoire de Traitement du signal [EPFL] / Signal Processing Laboratories (SP Lab), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Medtronic Europe SA, Laboratoire des images et des signaux (LIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Division de cardiologie [CHU Vaudois] (CHUV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Department of Biomedical Engineering [Durham], Duke University [Durham], and Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Web of science, 0206 medical engineering, 02 engineering and technology, anisotropy, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Models, Biological, Electrocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Heart Conduction System, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, electrograms, Humans, Computer Simulation, Myocytes, Cardiac, atrial fibrillation, computer modeling, Membranes, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Myocardium, Magnetic resonance imaging, Atrial fibrillation, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 020601 biomedical engineering, Cardiology, cardiovascular system, LTS1, Extracellular Space, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Algorithms
Abstract: Introduction: Electrograms exhibit a wide variety of morphologies during atrial fibrillation (AF). The basis of these time courses, however, is not completely understood. In this study, data from computer models were studied to relate features of the signals to the underlying dynamics and tissue substrate. Methods and Results: A computer model of entire human atria with a gross fiber architecture based on histology and membrane kinetics based on the Courtemanche et al. atrial model was developed to simulate paced activation and simulated AF. Unipolar electrograms were computed using a current source approximation at 256 sites in right atrium, to simulate a mapping array. The results show the following: (1) In a homogeneous and isotropic tissue, the presence of highly asymmetric electrograms is rare (
Published: 2003

43. A numerical scheme for modeling wavefront propagation on a monolayer of arbitrary geometry

Author: Vincent Jacquemet, Jean-Marc Vesin, Nathalie Virag, Steeve Zozor, Craig S. Henriquez, O. Blanc, Lukas Kappenberger, Etienne Pruvot, Laboratoire de Traitement du signal [EPFL] / Signal Processing Laboratories (SP Lab), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire des images et des signaux (LIS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Medtronic Europe SA, Division de cardiologie [CHU Vaudois] (CHUV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Department of Biomedical Engineering [Durham], Duke University [Durham], and Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Computation, 0206 medical engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Geometry, 02 engineering and technology, Solid modeling, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, triangular mesh, Membrane Potentials, Electrocardiography, 03 medical and health sciences, Matrix (mathematics), Electromagnetic Fields, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Heart Conduction System, Triangle mesh, Humans, Computer Simulation, Myocytes, Cardiac, Atrial modeling, finite difference methods, Mathematics, Wavefront, Finite volume method, Body Surface Potential Mapping, Models, Cardiovascular, Finite difference method, Heart, 020601 biomedical engineering, cardiac propagation, LTS1, Algorithms, Curse of dimensionality
Abstract: The majority of models of wavefront propagation in cardiac tissue have assumed relatively simple geometries. Extensions to complicated three-dimensional (3-D) representations are computationally challenging due to issues related both to problem size and to the correct implementation of flux conservation. In this paper, we present a generalized finite difference scheme (GDFS) to simulate the reaction-diffusion system on a 3-D monolayer of arbitrary shape. GDFS is a vertex-centered variant of the finite-volume method that ensures local flux conservation. Owing to an effectively lower dimensionality, the overall computation time is reduced compared to full 3-D models at the same spatial resolution. We present the theoretical background to compute both the wavefront conduction and local electrograms using a matrix formulation. The same matrix is used for both these quantities. We then give some results of simulation for simple monolayers and complex monolayers resembling a human atria.
Published: 2003

44. Study of the defibrillation process in a computer model of human atria

Author: O. Blanc, Lukas Kappenberger, Nathalie Virag, M. Boegli, and J.-M. Vesin
Subjects: Fibrillation, medicine.medical_specialty, Defibrillation, Computer science, Electric shock, medicine.medical_treatment, Atrial fibrillation, Electrical shock, Atrial arrhythmias, medicine.disease, Internal medicine, cardiovascular system, medicine, Cardiology, LTS1, cardiovascular diseases, medicine.symptom, Atrial flutter, Biomedical engineering
Abstract: A realistic 3D anatomical model of human atria has been designed to study and better understand electrical propagation mechanisms. Besides normal sinus beat, pathological phenomena such as atrial flutter and fibrillation have been simulated. Having initiated atrial arrhythmias, the authors' main objective is to test different defibrillation techniques by means of electrical shock application. Varying intensity and duration of electrical shocks, as well as the area of excited tissue, the authors were able to reproduce a curve of defibrillation success versus shock strength comparable to the ones obtained in human atria.
Published: 2002

45. Observations of the Crab Nebula and Pulsar with the Large-sized Telescope Prototype of the Cherenkov Telescope Array

Author: H. Abe, K. Abe, S. Abe, A. Aguasca-Cabot, I. Agudo, N. Alvarez Crespo, L. A. Antonelli, C. Aramo, A. Arbet-Engels, C. Arcaro, M. Artero, K. Asano, P. Aubert, A. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, L. Baroncelli, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, I. Batkovic, J. Baxter, J. Becerra González, E. Bernardini, M. I. Bernardos, J. Bernete Medrano, A. Berti, P. Bhattacharjee, N. Biederbeck, C. Bigongiari, E. Bissaldi, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, P. Bordas, A. Borghese, A. Bulgarelli, I. Burelli, M. Buscemi, M. Cardillo, S. Caroff, A. Carosi, F. Cassol, D. Cauz, G. Ceribella, Y. Chai, K. Cheng, A. Chiavassa, M. Chikawa, L. Chytka, A. Cifuentes, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, H. Costantini, G. D’Amico, M. Dalchenko, A. De Angelis, M. de Bony de Lavergne, B. De Lotto, R. de Menezes, G. Deleglise, C. Delgado, J. Delgado Mengual, D. della Volpe, M. Dellaiera, D. Depaoli, A. Di Piano, F. Di Pierro, R. Di Tria, L. Di Venere, C. Díaz, R. M. Dominik, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsässer, G. Emery, J. Escudero, V. Fallah Ramazani, G. Ferrara, F. Ferrarotto, A. Fiasson, L. Freixas Coromina, S. Fröse, S. Fukami, Y. Fukazawa, E. Garcia, R. Garcia López, C. Gasbarra, D. Gasparrini, F. Geyer, J. Giesbrecht Paiva, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, E. Giro, P. Gliwny, N. Godinovic, R. Grau, D. Green, J. Green, S. Gunji, J. Hackfeld, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, K. Hashiyama, T. Hassan, K. Hayashi, L. Heckmann, M. Heller, J. Herrera Llorente, K. Hirotani, D. Hoffmann, D. Horns, J. Houles, M. Hrabovsky, D. Hrupec, D. Hui, M. Hütten, M. Iarlori, R. Imazawa, T. Inada, Y. Inome, K. Ioka, M. Iori, K. Ishio, Y. Iwamura, M. Jacquemont, I. Jimenez Martinez, J. Jurysek, M. Kagaya, V. Karas, H. Katagiri, J. Kataoka, D. Kerszberg, Y. Kobayashi, A. Kong, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, M. Lainez, G. Lamanna, A. Lamastra, T. Le Flour, M. Linhoff, F. Longo, R. López-Coto, M. López-Moya, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, A. Lorini, P. L. Luque-Escamilla, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, D. Mandat, M. Manganaro, G. Manicò, K. Mannheim, M. Mariotti, P. Marquez, G. Marsella, J. Martí, O. Martinez, G. Martínez, M. Martínez, P. Marusevec, A. Mas-Aguilar, G. Maurin, D. Mazin, E. Mestre Guillen, S. Micanovic, D. Miceli, T. Miener, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, T. Mizuno, M. Molero Gonzalez, E. Molina, T. Montaruli, I. Monteiro, A. Moralejo, D. Morcuende, A. Morselli, K. Mrakovcic, K. Murase, A. Nagai, S. Nagataki, T. Nakamori, L. Nickel, M. Nievas, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, D. Nosek, S. Nozaki, M. Ohishi, Y. Ohtani, T. Oka, N. Okazaki, A. Okumura, R. Orito, J. Otero-Santos, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, F. R. Pantaleo, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, M. Pech, M. Pecimotika, M. Peresano, A. Pérez, E. Pietropaolo, G. Pirola, C. Plard, F. Podobnik, V. Poireau, M. Polo, E. Pons, E. Prandini, J. Prast, G. Principe, C. Priyadarshi, M. Prouza, R. Rando, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, V. Rizi, G. Rodriguez Fernandez, J. E. Ruiz, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, D. A. Sanchez, T. Šarić, Y. Sato, F. G. Saturni, B. Schleicher, F. Schmuckermaier, J. L. Schubert, F. Schussler, T. Schweizer, M. Seglar Arroyo, R. Silvia, J. Sitarek, V. Sliusar, A. Spolon, J. Strišković, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, Y. Sunada, H. Tajima, H. Takahashi, M. Takahashi, J. Takata, R. Takeishi, P. H. T. Tam, S. J. Tanaka, D. Tateishi, L. A. Tejedor, P. Temnikov, Y. Terada, K. Terauchi, T. Terzic, M. Teshima, M. Tluczykont, F. Tokanai, D. F. Torres, P. Travnicek, S. Truzzi, A. Tutone, G. Uhlrich, M. Vacula, P. Vallania, J. van Scherpenberg, M. Vázquez Acosta, V. Verguilov, I. Viale, A. Vigliano, C. F. Vigorito, V. Vitale, G. Voutsinas, I. Vovk, T. Vuillaume, R. Walter, M. Will, T. Yamamoto, R. Yamazaki, T. Yoshida, T. Yoshikoshi, N. Zywucka, K. Bernlöhr, O. Gueta, K. Kosack, G. Maier, and J. Watson
Subjects: Gamma-ray astronomy, Gamma-ray sources, Astronomy data analysis, Pulsar wind nebulae, Pulsars, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is a next-generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very high energies. The Large-Sized Telescope prototype (LST-1) is located at the CTA-North site, on the Canary Island of La Palma. LSTs are designed to provide optimal performance in the lowest part of the energy range covered by CTA, down to ≃20 GeV. LST-1 started performing astronomical observations in 2019 November, during its commissioning phase, and it has been taking data ever since. We present the first LST-1 observations of the Crab Nebula, the standard candle of very-high-energy gamma-ray astronomy, and use them, together with simulations, to assess the performance of the telescope. LST-1 has reached the expected performance during its commissioning period—only a minor adjustment of the preexisting simulations was needed to match the telescope’s behavior. The energy threshold at trigger level is around 20 GeV, rising to ≃30 GeV after data analysis. Performance parameters depend strongly on energy, and on the strength of the gamma-ray selection cuts in the analysis: angular resolution ranges from 0.°12–0.°40, and energy resolution from 15%–50%. Flux sensitivity is around 1.1% of the Crab Nebula flux above 250 GeV for a 50 hr observation (12% for 30 minutes). The spectral energy distribution (in the 0.03–30 TeV range) and the light curve obtained for the Crab Nebula agree with previous measurements, considering statistical and systematic uncertainties. A clear periodic signal is also detected from the pulsar at the center of the Nebula.
Published: 2023
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46. Multimessenger Characterization of Markarian 501 during Historically Low X-Ray and γ-Ray Activity

Author: H. Abe, S. Abe, V. A. Acciari, I. Agudo, T. Aniello, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, A. Arbet-Engels, C. Arcaro, M. Artero, K. Asano, D. Baack, A. Babić, A. Baquero, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, I. Batković, J. Baxter, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, E. Bernardini, M. Bernardos, A. Berti, J. Besenrieder, W. Bhattacharyya, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, Ž. Bošnjak, I. Burelli, G. Busetto, R. Carosi, M. Carretero-Castrillo, A. J. Castro-Tirado, G. Ceribella, Y. Chai, A. Chilingarian, S. Cikota, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, G. D’Amico, V. D’Elia, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, B. De Lotto, A. Del Popolo, M. Delfino, J. Delgado, C. Delgado Mendez, D. Depaoli, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsaesser, G. Emery, J. Escudero, V. Fallah Ramazani, L. Fariña, A. Fattorini, L. Foffano, L. Font, C. Fruck, S. Fukami, Y. Fukazawa, R. J. García López, M. Garczarczyk, S. Gasparyan, M. Gaug, J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, P. Gliwny, N. Godinović, R. Grau, D. Green, J. G. Green, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, T. Hassan, L. Heckmann, J. Herrera, D. Hrupec, M. Hütten, R. Imazawa, T. Inada, R. Iotov, K. Ishio, I. Jiménez Martínez, J. Jormanainen, D. Kerszberg, Y. Kobayashi, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, A. Lamastra, D. Lelas, F. Leone, E. Lindfors, L. Linhoff, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, R. López-Coto, M. López-Moya, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, A. Lorini, E. Lyard, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, G. Maneva, N. Mang, M. Manganaro, S. Mangano, K. Mannheim, M. Mariotti, M. Martínez, A. Mas-Aguilar, D. Mazin, S. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Mićanović, D. Miceli, T. Miener, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, E. Molina, H. A. Mondal, A. Moralejo, D. Morcuende, V. Moreno, T. Nakamori, C. Nanci, L. Nava, V. Neustroev, M. Nievas Rosillo, C. Nigro, K. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, T. Njoh Ekoume, K. Noda, S. Nozaki, Y. Ohtani, T. Oka, A. Okumura, J. Otero-Santos, S. Paiano, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, L. Pavletić, M. Persic, M. Pihet, G. Pirola, F. Podobnik, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, G. Principe, C. Priyadarshi, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, C. Righi, A. Rugliancich, N. Sahakyan, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, K. Satalecka, F. G. Saturni, B. Schleicher, K. Schmidt, F. Schmuckermaier, J. L. Schubert, T. Schweizer, J. Sitarek, V. Sliusar, D. Sobczynska, A. Spolon, A. Stamerra, J. Strišković, D. Strom, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, T. Surić, H. Tajima, M. Takahashi, R. Takeishi, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, K. Terauchi, T. Terzić, M. Teshima, L. Tosti, S. Truzzi, A. Tutone, S. Ubach, J. van Scherpenberg, M. Vazquez Acosta, S. Ventura, V. Verguilov, I. Viale, C. F. Vigorito, V. Vitale, I. Vovk, R. Walter, M. Will, C. Wunderlich, T. Yamamoto, D. Zarić, The MAGIC Collaboration, M. Cerruti, J. A. Acosta-Pulido, G. Apolonio, R. Bachev, M. Baloković, E. Benítez, I. Björklund, V. Bozhilov, L. F. Brown, A. Bugg, W. Carbonell, M. I. Carnerero, D. Carosati, C. Casadio, W. Chamani, W. P. Chen, R. A. Chigladze, G. Damljanovic, K. Epps, A. Erkenov, M. Feige, J. Finke, A. Fuentes, K. Gazeas, M. Giroletti, T. S. Grishina, A. C. Gupta, M. A. Gurwell,, E. Heidemann, D. Hiriart, W. J. Hou, T. Hovatta, S. Ibryamov, M. D. Joner, S. G. Jorstad, J. Kania, S. Kiehlmann, G. N. Kimeridze, E. N. Kopatskaya, M. Kopp, M. Korte, B. Kotas, S. Koyama, J. A. Kramer, L. Kunkel, S. O. Kurtanidze, O. M. Kurtanidze, A. Lähteenmäki, J. M. López, V. M. Larionov, E. G. Larionova, L. V. Larionova, C. Leto, C. Lorey, R. Mújica, G. M. Madejski, N. Marchili, A. P. Marscher, M. Minev, A. Modaressi, D. A. Morozova, T. Mufakharov, I. Myserlis, A. A. Nikiforova, M. G. Nikolashvili, E. Ovcharov, M. Perri, C. M. Raiteri, A. C. S. Readhead, A. Reimer, D. Reinhart, S. Righini, K. Rosenlehner, A. C. Sadun, S. S. Savchenko, A. Scherbantin, L. Schneider, K. Schoch, D. Seifert, E. Semkov, L. A. Sigua, C. Singh, P. Sola, Y. Sotnikova, M. Spencer, R. Steineke, M. Stojanovic, A. Strigachev, M. Tornikoski, E. Traianou, A. Tramacere, Yu. V. Troitskaya, I. S. Troitskiy, J. B. Trump, A. Tsai, A. Valcheva, A. A. Vasilyev, F. Verrecchia, M. Villata, O. Vince, K. Vrontaki, Z. R. Weaver, E. Zaharieva, and N. Zottmann
Subjects: Active galaxies, BL Lacertae objects, Markarian galaxies, Active galactic nuclei, Blazars, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract: We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multiwavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi's Large Area Telescope (LAT), NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wave bands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) γ -rays. A significant correlation (>3 σ ) between X-rays and VHE γ -rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between the Swift X-Ray Telescope and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy γ -rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the γ -ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE γ -rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux (>0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2 yr long low state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED toward the low state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock.
Published: 2023
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47. Rupture of the pectoralis major muscle in a collegiate football player

Author: Robert O. Blanc, F. L. Thaete, Freddie H. Fu, Mark D. Miller, and D. L. Johnson
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sports medicine, Football, Poison control, Hemorrhage, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Pectoralis Muscles, Immobilization, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Tendon Injuries, medicine, Edema, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Suture anchors, 030222 orthopedics, Unusual case, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Pectoralis major muscle, Magnetic resonance imaging, 030229 sport sciences, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Exercise Therapy, Surgery, Tendon, medicine.anatomical_structure, business
Abstract: We have reported an unusual case of pectoralis major muscle rupture and repair. There were three interesting aspects of this case. First, the injury occurred in a football player with an unusual mechanism of injury. Second, MRI using special techniques was valuable in confirming the diagnosis acutely and in planning treatment. Finally, we reported on the use of suture anchors to secure the avulsed tendon. We recommend the early use of MRI for diagnosis and in planning treatment of suspected pectoralis major muscle ruptures. Language: en
Published: 1993

48. The impact of local control on overall survival after stereotactic body radiotherapy for liver and lung metastases from colorectal cancer: a combined analysis of 388 patients with 500 metastases

Author: Rainer J. Klement, N. Abbasi-Senger, S. Adebahr, H. Alheid, M. Allgaeuer, G. Becker, O. Blanck, J. Boda-Heggemann, T. Brunner, M. Duma, M. J. Eble, I. Ernst, S. Gerum, D. Habermehl, P. Hass, C. Henkenberens, G. Hildebrandt, D. Imhoff, H. Kahl, N. D. Klass, R. Krempien, V. Lewitzki, F. Lohaus, C. Ostheimer, A. Papachristofilou, C. Petersen, J. Rieber, T. Schneider, E. Schrade, R. Semrau, S. Wachter, A. Wittig, M. Guckenberger, and N. Andratschke
Subjects: Colorectal cancer, Illness-death model, Liver metastases, Lung metastases, Tumor control probability, Stereotactic body radiation therapy, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Abstract Background The aim of this analysis was to model the effect of local control (LC) on overall survival (OS) in patients treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for liver or lung metastases from colorectal cancer. Methods The analysis is based on pooled data from two retrospective SBRT databases for pulmonary and hepatic metastases from 27 centers from Germany and Switzerland. Only patients with metastases from colorectal cancer were considered to avoid histology as a confounding factor. An illness-death model was employed to model the relationship between LC and OS. Results Three hundred eighty-eight patients with 500 metastatic lesions (lung n = 209, liver n = 291) were included and analyzed. Median follow-up time for local recurrence assessment was 12.1 months. Ninety-nine patients with 112 lesions experienced local failure. Seventy-one of these patients died after local failure. Median survival time was 27.9 months in all patients and 25.4 months versus 30.6 months in patients with and without local failure after SBRT. The baseline risk of death after local failure exceeds the baseline risk of death without local failure at 10 months indicating better survival with LC. Conclusion In CRC patients with lung or liver metastases, our findings suggest improved long-term OS by achieving metastatic disease control using SBRT in patients with a projected OS estimate of > 12 months.
Published: 2019
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49. ALCOHOL SF 9 FOR MEASURING QUALITY OF LIFE IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE

Author: O Blanc, Laurent Malet, P.-M. Llorca, Bruno Falissard, and Raymund Schwan
Subjects: Psychiatry and Mental health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Quality of life (healthcare), chemistry, business.industry, Environmental health, Alcohol dependence, Medicine (miscellaneous), Medicine, Alcohol, Toxicology, business
Published: 2004

50. Fluoride ion toxicity in rabbit kidney thick ascending limb cells

Author: F. Wahbe, P. M. Ronco, Marie-Christine Verpont, L. Estepa, O. Blanc, M.L. Cittanova, Pierre Coriat, R. Bourbouze, and Michel Daudon
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters, Sodium, chemistry.chemical_element, Fluorides, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fluoride toxicity, Internal medicine, Lactate dehydrogenase, Acetylglucosaminidase, medicine, Loop of Henle, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Ultrasonography, Kidney, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, business.industry, Phosphate, Microscopy, Electron, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Anesthetics, Inhalation, Toxicity, Rabbits, business, Fluoride, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: Background and objective: Some halogenated agents, especially methoxyflurane, because of a higher level of fluoride production, induce a renal concentrating defect that could be related to an ascending limb impairment. We investigated the mechanisms of fluoride toxicity on an immortalized cell line. Methods: Cells were cultured for 2, 6 or 24 h in the presence of fluoride. Toxicity evaluation was based on: cell numbers, protein content, leucine-incorporation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) releases, Na-K-ATPase and Na-K-2Cl activities, electron microscope studies. Infra-red analysis and fluoride microdetermination allowed crystal components. Results: At 5 mmol after 24 h, fluoride decreased cell numbers (-14%, * P < 0.05), protein content (-16% * ), leucine incorporation (-54% * ), Na-K-2Cl activity (-84% * ), increased LDH (+145% * ) and NAG release (+190% * ). Na-K-ATPase was more sensitive and impaired from 1 mmol for 24 h and after 2 h at 5 mmol. Crystal formation in mitochondria occurred after 6 h at 5 mmol. Infra-red analysis and fluoride microdetermination established that crystals contained sodium, phosphate and fluoride. Conclusions: The results suggest that the Na-K-ATPase pump is a major target for fluoride toxicity in Henle's loop.
Published: 2002

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