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Introduction. Preeclampsia (PE) is a serious complication of pregnancy that occurs in 3-8% of pregnant women and is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.Aim. To evaluate the role of vascular homeostasis gene polymorphism in the formation of preeclampsia.Materials and methods. The sample for this study included 250 women with preeclampsia and 209 women with normal gestation (control group). Five polymorphic loci of vascular homeostasis genes were selected for analysis: α-adducin (G460W ADD1), β2-adrenoceptor (+46G/A ADRB2), endothelin-1 (Lys198Asn EDN1) encoding the β3 G protein subunit (G/A GNB3), cytochrome 3A5 (+6986G/A CYP3A5). The molecular genetic study of all SNPs was carried out by polymerase chain reaction.Results. It was found that genetic variants determine the risk of developing preeclampsia. The allelic variant 198Lys EDN1 (84.80%) occurs in women with a clinical diagnosis of PE significantly more often than in women of the control group (79.67%) (p = 0.05; OR = 1.43; 95%CI 1.01–2.03). At the same time, among pregnant women without PE, combinations of 198Asn EDN1 x +46 A ADRB2 (23.65%) and 198Asn EDN1 x 460 ADD1 x +46 A ADRB2 (23.65%) are registered 1.6–1.7 times more often than among women with PE (14.46 and 13.65%, respectively, рperm = 0.032). Conclusion. The risk factor for the formation of preeclampsia is the 198Lys EDN1 allele (OR = 1.43), and combinations of genetic variants 198Asn EDN1 х +46 A ADRB2 (OR = 0.55) and 198Asn EDN1 х +46 A ADRB2 х 460G ADD1 (OR = 0.51) have a protective value.

Introduction. Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth retardation (FGR), the main mechanism of which is the pathology of the placenta, directly affect the structure of both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, which determines the medical and social significance of the study of PE and FGR, especially genetic predictors of the development of these complications of gestation. Objective. To study the involvement of GWAS polymorphism of significant arterial hypertension candidate genes in the formation of FGR in pregnant women with PE. Materials and methods. The samples for the study included 83 pregnant women with PE in combination with FGR and 369 women with isolated PE who were included in the control group. All women underwent a molecular genetic study of four polymorphisms: rs932764 PLCE1, rs167479 RGL3, rs633185 ARHGAP42, rs7302981 CERS5, and studied their relationship with the development of FGR in pregnant women with PE. The functional effects of polymorphic markers, which showed significant associations with the formation of FGR in pregnant women with PE, were examined using international bioinformatic projects on functional genomics (HaploReg, GTExportal, PolyPhen-2). Results and discussion. The AA genotype of the rs9327643 locus of the PLCE1 gene significantly reduces the risk of FGR formation in pregnant women with PE according to the recessive model (OR = 0.37; p = 0.01; pperm = 0.01). The rs932764 polymorphic variant of the PLCE1 gene is located in the region of regulatory DNA motifs for 2 Hdx and Zic transcription factors, localized in the region of histone protein encoding H3K4me1 enhancers in the brain and associated with the expression of the HDAC1P1 gene in male gonad tissues. Conclusions. The polymorphic locus rs9327643 of the PLCE1 gene is associated with the risk of developing FGR in pregnant women with PE.

Introduction. Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is a chronic recurrent multifactorial disease, the ethiopathogenesis of which is significantly contributed by hereditary predisposition. With this disease, a chronic inflammatory process develops, in which cell adhesion molecules take part. The incidence of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) depends on gender: men get sick 2-7 times more often than women. There are few works on the analysis of gender-specific features of associations of polymorphic loci of candidate genes of YB, therefore, further study of this issue is necessary.Aim: To study the role of two groups of candidate genes of PUD specially selected for the study of 9 polymorphic loci (SNPs): the first – GWAS-significant for peptic ulcer disease (rs2294008 PSCA, rs505922 ABO), the second - genes of cell adhesion molecules pathogenetically significant for the development of PUD (rs6136 SELP; rs8176720, rs2519093, rs507666 ABO; rs651007, rs579459, rs649129 ABO/RF00019), - in the formation of peptic ulcer disease in men and women of the Central Chernozem region of Russia. The sample consisted of 305 men (188 patients, 117 controls) and 441 women (211 patients, 230 controls).Methods. The regulatory potential of SNPs was assessed using Internet resources (HaploReg v4.1, PolyPhen-2, GTEx Portal), the analysis of associations was carried out by the method of logistic regression in the framework of allelic, additive, dominant and recessive genetic models.Results. The allele T rs2294008 of the PSCA gene in the group of men is a protective factor in the development of peptic ulcer disease (OR = 0.39-0.64). This pattern was not revealed in women. The rs2294008 polymorphism of the PSCA gene is located in the regions of histone proteins marking promoters and enhancers in the gastric and esophageal mucosa, in the area of hypersensitivity to DNAse in the stomach, binding sites with the POL2 regulatory protein and the CTCF regulatory motif; it affects the expression of 10 genes, including 4 (LY6K, LYNX1, PSCA, THEM6) in the target organ (stomach), alternative splicing of 3 genes, including 2 genes (JRK, LYNX1) in the tissues of the stomach and esophagus.

The authors observed Kazabach–Merritt syndrome in an infant with an intrathoracic localization of the tumor without vascular manifestations on the skin. The disease was detected by signs of hemopericardium during screening echocardiography in combination with thrombocytopenia and relapses of intrathoracic bleeding. The diagnosis was confirmed by MSCT and biopsy data. Treatment with beta-blockers and chemotherapy resulted in tumor reduction and the disappearance of clinical symptoms.

The authors evaluated the significance of paratypic factors in fat variability in the article. The study looked at the role of fixed effects such as: “Calving Season”, “Calving Year”, “Starting Season”, “Starting Year” and their interacting factors: “Calving Season: Calving Year”, “Starting Season: Starting Year”, “Calving Season: Starting Season”, “Calving Year: Starting Year”. The authors used data from Irmen’s primary zootechnical census of black-and-white cattle (n = 319210) from 2000 to 2020. The role of genetic and paratypical factors was assessed using linear mixed regression models and appropriate statistical methods and criteria. The following were selected as random effects: father, age of fertile insemination and animal identification data. The influence of the fixed characteristics of the prospective mathematical model was evaluated using an analysis of variance. But beforehand, the authors identified different combinations with adjustment for the proportion of random contribution. The grant levels of the estimated factors to the variability of the dependent trait were determined. The authors note the high conjugate variability between predicted and actual milk yields (r = 0,905; p˂ 0,001). A relatively high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0,819) was observed for the test sample. In this case, only phenotypic data were considered in the example when constructing the model. Application of the resulting model to other subpopulations may require additional correction factors as part of regional or federal breeding value index programs.

The most challenging problems in the field of chemico- and bioanalytical measurements are described. These problems are being solved, in particular, by participating in new international comparisons organized by the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance: Metrology in Chemistry and Biology of the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CCQM CIPM). Solutions of these challenging problems are presented. The objectives and tasks of developing key comparisons in the following areas are described: isotopic measurements; determination of the purity of substances; organic analysis; bioanalytical measurements; measurements of aerosol particle parameters; measurements in the field of gas analysis and electrochemistry. It is shown that participation in international key comparisons allows obtaining valid and reliable results of measurements of the composition and properties of gas and liquid media, as well as solid substances and materials.

Objective We investigated the association between the pattern and duration of pelvic venous reflux (PVR) and pelvic pain severity in patients with pelvic varicose veins (PVVs). Methods The present retrospective study included 600 female patients with PVVs. Of the 600 patients, 453 had had PVVs and pelvic congestion syndrome (group 1) and 147 had had an asymptomatic disease course (group 2). Pelvic venous pain (PVP) was assessed using a visual analog scale. All the patients had undergone duplex ultrasound of the left and right renal veins, external, internal, and common iliac veins, and parametrial, uterine, gonadal, and vulvar veins (PV, UV, GV, and VV, respectively), with an assessment of their patency and diameter and the presence and duration of reflux. Reflux in the pelvic veins was considered pathologic if it lasted for >1 second. Results In group 1, PVR type I (1-2 seconds), II (3-5 seconds), and III (>5 seconds or spontaneous reflux in the absence of a loading test) was found in 31%, 58%, and 11% of the patients, respectively. Moderate and severe reflux (types II and III) was associated with severe PVP (mean score, 8.3 ± 0.5) in 69% of the group 1 patients. A combination of reflux in the GV, PV, UV, and internal iliac vein was associated with severe PVP (mean score, 8.1 ± 0.3) in 51% of these patients. A combination of reflux in the PVs, UVs, and VVs was associated with moderate pain (mean score, 5.3 ± 0.2) in 49.2% of group 1. In group 2, PVR type I, II, and III was present in 95%, 4%, and 1% of the patients, respectively, and was observed in the PV only in patients with type I; in the GVs, PVs, UVs, and internal iliac veins in those with type II; and in the PVs and GVs in the patients with type III reflux. Reflux in the GVs and UVs was significantly more prevalent in group 1 than in group 2 (GVs, 51% vs 6%; P = .0001; UVs, 57% vs 7%; P = .0001). A combination of reflux in the GVs and UVs was a predictor of severe PVVs (odds ratio, 19.7; 95% confidence interval, 11.3-34.6). Conclusions In patients with PVVs, the presence and severity of pelvic pain will be determined by the type of PVR and its distribution in the pelvic veins. The combination of moderate to severe reflux (types II and III) in the PVs, UVs, and GVs was a predictor of severe PVP. Patients with asymptomatic PVVs were characterized by mild reflux (type I) in the PVs, with rare involvement of the GVs and UVs.

Objective Compression stockings and bandages are widely used after invasive treatment of varicose veins. The goals of compression after venous interventions are to reduce pain, bruising, and ecchymosis. Nevertheless, patients often report discomfort with the compression. To make postprocedural compression more tolerable, foot-sparing bandages were tested in a randomized clinical trial of noninferiority. Methods A total of 187 patients were randomized to use class II foot-sparing compression sleeves for the full leg or class II stockings after radiofrequency ablation with concomitant phlebectomy. The primary endpoint was the quality of life, measured using the Chronic Venous Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire 20-item scale 30 days after intervention. The secondary endpoints were pain in the leg and discomfort related to the compression garment, which were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) at 2, 7, 14, and 30 days. Results The global index score of the questionnaire was 66.1 and 70.6 and 83.8 and 87.7 for the sleeve and stocking groups before and 30 days after intervention, respectively (P = .542 and P = .150, respectively). The VAS for pain score in the operated leg was slightly higher in the sleeve group the day after the intervention (score, 2.1 vs 1.6; P = .03). At 7, 14, and 30 days, the VAS for pain scores did not differ significantly (score, 0.7 vs 0.5; 0.5 vs 0.3; and 0.1 vs 0.1, respectively; P = NS for all). The VAS for discomfort score was not significantly different statistically in the study group at 2 days (sleeve, 1.9; vs stocking, 1.4; P = .08) but was higher after 7 days (sleeve, 0.9; vs stocking, 0.6; P = .008). No difference in discomfort was found between the study and control groups at 14 or 30 days (sleeve, 0.6; vs stocking, 0.4; and sleeve, 0.4; vs stocking, 0.4, respectively; P = NS for both). Conclusions Quality of life after thermal ablation with phlebectomy improved equivalently in patients who had used class II compression sleeves for full legs and those who had used class II compression stockings. Pain and discomfort were slightly higher in the sleeve group.

The most challenging goals in the field of chemico- and bioanalytical measurements are described. Solutions of these problems are presented, which are being solved in particular by participating in new international comparisons organized by the Cosultative Committee on the Amount of Substance of the International Committee on Weights and Measures (CCQM CIPM). The purposes and tasks of developing key comparisons in the following areas are described: isotopic measurements; determination of the purity of substances; organic analysis; bioanalytical measurements; measurements of aerosol particle parameters; measurements in the field of gas analysis and electrochemistry. It is shown that participation in international key comparisons makes it possible to obtain valid and reliable results of measurements of the composition and properties of gas and liquid media, as well as solid substances and materials.

The results of modeling the variability of the complex trait "body volume" by linear traits measured on a 10-point scale in accordance with the current instructions for cattle grading of dairy and dairy-beef breeds are presented. The object of research is the complex indicator "body volume" of Irmen type cattle. The exterior of the livestock was evaluated by experts on a collegial basis. The models obtained made it possible to identify a group of exterior features associated with the variability of the studied trait and to identify errors in the work of the evaluators. The tasks were solved using multiple linear, polynomial, power and logarithmic regression models. It was found that multiple linear regression models accurately describe the norm reaction of the body volume response. Residue distribution diagrams made it possible to control the quality of appraisers' assessment and adjust their further work. The logarithmic model was marked as closest to linear. The residues in most cases turned out to be close to zero, which was explained by the low level of variability of the traits used. It was revealed that the use of different levels of power orders in modeling the variability of the body volume in points can lead to the emergence of biologically inexplicable relationships with such linear features as the location of the front teats, the location of the rear teats, attachment of the anterior lobes and the position of the bottom of the udder. The construction of the scatter diagram revealed a high level of variation in the residues and led to the conclusion that it was inexpedient to introduce power series models into the practical work of livestock breeders. The insignificant contribution of the studied linear features to the variation of the complex feature under study is shown. High intra-group variance in the construction of second- and fourth-order polynomial models was reflected in the lowest values of the Fisher criterion.

Долгое время единственным эффективным способом хирургического лечения варикозной болезни нижних конечностей считалось полное удаление ствола подкожной вены. Со временем помимо модификаций удаления вен с помощью зондов появились также эндовенозные термические методы облитерации, однако общим во всех этих методиках оставалось полное иссечение\облитерация несостоятельного сегмента ствола. Данная концепция начала претерпевать изменения только после появления и развития дуплексного ультразвукового сканирования сосудов, благодаря которому появилась возможность более глубокой оценки гемодинамики венозной системы и, как следствие, определения дальнейшего необходимого способа лечения отдельно взятого пациента. Именно благодаря подробному изучению венозной гемодинамики в 1988 г. французский ангиолог Клод Франчески предложил метод амбулаторной консервативной гемодинамической коррекции венозной недостаточности (Conservatrice et Hémodynamique de l’Insuffisance Veineuse en Ambulatoire), ставший известным в мире как метод CHIVA. Данный способ подразумевает устранение столба гидростатического давления в вене, устранение механизма рециркуляции крови, сохранение механизма re-entry и удаление притоков, не имеющих связи с точкой re-entry. В результате выполнения CHIVA происходит восстановление нормального физиологического тока крови путем устранения рефлюкса из глубокой вены в поверхностную и сохранения дренажа из поверхностных вен в глубокие. В представленном обзоре подробно рассматриваются достоинства и недостатки метода CHIVA, а также проведен сравнительный анализ методики с другими существующими на данный момент способами лечения варикозной болезни.

During the COVD-19 pandemic, some pediatric patients in many countries around the world experienced a syndrome resembling a severe Kawasaki disease (KD), often accompanied by shock Due to the incomplete signs of the classic KD in the era before the present pandemic, in many publications from European countries and the United States, this condition was called «multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children - MIS-C» or «hyperinflammatory shock» or «Kawasaki-like syndrome» This syndrome with a new coronavirus infection is characterized by refractory fever, frequent gastrointestinal symptoms, heart damage (including coronary dilation in some patients, and acute left ventricular failure in the majority), increased ESR and CRP levels, neutrophilia, extremely high troponin levels, increased ferritin, AST, ALT, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphate kinase, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, coagulopathy with an increase in D-dimer and fibrinogen, thrombocytopenia, sometimes procalcitonin increase The manifestations of a cytokine storm may meet the criteria for secondary hemophagocytic syndrome The mechanism of myocardial damage remains unclear Treatment with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin is effective, and in the presence of signs of hemophagocytic syndrome, dexamethasone or methylprednisolone Further research is needed to understand the pathogenesis, resemblance and differences of this syndrome with classic KD, understanding of heart injuiry and early recognition for the need of urgent care В ходе пандемии COVD-19 у части пациентов детского возраста во многих странах мира отмечен синдром, напоминающий тяжелый вариант болезни Кавасаки (БК), часто сопровождаемый шоком Ввиду неполного его соответствия классической БК в эру до настоящей пандемии во многих публикациях из европейских стран и США это состояние получило название «мультисистемный воспалительный синдром», либо «гипервоспалительный шок», либо «Кавасаки-подобный синдром» Для данного синдрома при новой коронавирусной инфекции характерны рефрактерная лихорадка, частые гастроинтестинальные симптомы, поражение сердца (включая коронарную дилатацию у части больных и острую левожелудочковую недостаточность у большинства), повышение уровня СОЭ и СРБ, нейтрофилез, экстремально высокий уровень тропонина, рост ферритина, АСТ, АЛТ, лактатдегидрогеназы, креатинфосфаткиназы, интерлейкина-6 и интерлейкина-10, коагулопатия с увеличением Д-димера и фибриногена, тромбоцитопения, иногда рост прокальцитонина Проявления цитокинового шторма могут отвечать критериям вторичного гемофагоцитарного синдрома (ГФС) Механизм поражения миокарда остается неясным Эффективно лечение высокодозным внутривенным иммуноглобулином, при наличии признаков ГФС - дексаметазоном либо метилпреднизолоном Дальнейшие исследования необходимы для понимания патогенеза, сходства и различия данного синдрома с классической БК, механизма поражения сердца, раннего распознавания для оказания ургентной помощи

Purpose The aim of the study was to assess the inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) utilization in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) in tertiary care. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of database of a tertiary hospital in 2016–2017. All the records of patients admitted for VTE or diagnosed with VTE being hospitalized for other reasons were extracted. The data collected were number of patients, who received IVCF, indications to filter insertion, PE and death rate after procedure, frequency of IVCF occlusion. Results 2399 patients with VTE were admitted to hospital. 442 (18,4%) of them received IVCF (239 in 2016 and 203 in 2017). Retrievable models were used in most cases (98,8%). In 119 (5,0%) patients cava filters were used due to contraindications for anticoagulation, while in 184 (7,7%) patients’ anticoagulation was not effective and thrombosis progression was registered. 101 (4,2%) patients received IVCF due to high PE risk (length of floating thrombus ≥7 cm, in proximal location), high pulmonary hypertension was indication to IVCF insertion in 38 (1,6%) patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in combination with pulmonary embolism (PE). Overall mortality rate after IVCF insertion was 5 (0,2%). No fatal PE was registered. IVCF occlusion during hospitalization occurred in 116 (4,8%) cases. Only 29 (1,2%) of patients were admitted back for IVCF removal. Conclusions Every one in five patients with proximal DVT and/or PE receives IVCF in a routine practice in tertiary hospital. The most common indications for IVCF implantation were inability for anticoagulation or anticoagulation failure. Removal rate of retrievable cava filters is low.

In the practical activities of institutions and bodies of the criminal executive system, situations arise in which their normal life activity may be temporarily interrupted, and they move into the so-called special order of functioning. Such situations include: natural disasters; mass riots of convicts; accidents; introduction of a state of emergency or martial law; group disobedience of convicts; capture and release of hostages on the territory of the correctional institution; search and detention of convicts who escaped from the correctional institution; fires. In case of occurrence of these emergency situations the operational situation in correctional institutions sharply becomes complicated. And in this regard, according to the legislation, the above circumstances may become grounds for the introduction of special conditions in correctional institutions, as well as jail. The study of problematic issues of the introduction of the regime of special conditions is quite relevant for modern penitentiary science. In the presented article the attempt of complex consideration of practical questions of introduction in establishments of penal system of a mode of special conditions is made. In addition to the grounds fi xed in the law for the introduction of the regime of special conditions, the author proposed other grounds, as well as made proposals to improve the current criminal executive legislation.

У статті представлено результати дослідження впливу комплексного методу лікування гіперестезії твердих тканин зубів у дітей 12 років. Мета дослідження – вивчити ефективність застосування комплексного методу лікування гіперестезії зубів у дітей 12 років. Матеріали і методи. У дослідженнях взяли участь 44 дитини віком 12 років із гіперестезією зубів ІІ ступеня тяжкості. Дітей, залежно від методу лікування, поділили на 2 групи. До групи порівняння ввійшли 23 дитини 12 років обох статей, яким застосовували стандартну схему лікування гіперестезії. До основної групи увійшли 23 дитини віком 12 років обох статей. До початку лікування їм проводили санацію та професійну гігієну ротової порожнини. У дітей основної групи застосовували комплексний метод лікування, який ми розробили. У дітей кожної групи визначали індекси розповсюдження гіперестезії зубів та інтенсивності гіперестезії зубів. Для визначення електрозбудливості пульпи зубів із гіперчутливістю ми використовували апарат «PulpTester-P». Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. У результаті проведених досліджень ми встановили достовірне зниження індексу розповсюдження гіперестезії зубів у дітей основної групи та групи порівняння після проведеного курсу лікування, але цей індекс у дітей основної групи через півроку був в 9,31 раза менше, ніж показник групи порівняння. Показники індексу інтенсивності гіперестезії зубів через 6 місяців, рік та півтора року засвідчують пролонгований ефект після застосування запропонованого нами методу лікування. Висновки. Використання комплексного методу лікування дозволяє зменшити прояви гіперестезії зубів у дітей, що підтверджується показниками індексів розповсюдження, інтенсивності гіперестезії зубів та показниками електроодонтометрії. У дітей, яким використовували розроблений метод лікування гіперчутливості зубів, зменшувалась кількість рецидивів захворювання.

Main text The key comparison CCQM-K68.2019 was aimed at evaluating the level of comparability of laboratories' capabilities for preparing nitrous oxide in air primary reference mixtures at ambient amount fractions, in the range 320 nmol mol−1 to 350 nmol mol−1. The comparison was coordinated by the BIPM and the KRISS. It consisted in the simultaneous comparison of a suite of 2n primary gas standards, two standards to be prepared by each of the n participating laboratories. Two independent analytical methods were used by the BIPM to analyse the amount fraction of N2O in air, namely Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector (GC−ECD) and Quantum Cascade Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (QCLAS). Since the circulation of the Draft A report in April 2021, four meetings took place with participants to discuss the mathematical treatment of the comparisons results, and several models were proposed. The model chosen by participants is the Bayesian Errors−In−Variables regression with shades of dark uncertainty. In this final report, the Key Comparison Reference Values were obtained with this model, with calculations performed by B Toman and A Possolo. The key comparison CCQM-K68.2019 is considered to present an analytical challenge and therefore classified as Track C comparison in the CCQM nomenclature. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

The preparation of formaldehyde gas mixtures required for metrological assurance of air pollution control is an urgent task. Methods for the preparation of gas mixtures of formaldehyde for metrological purposes are considered. The 2 μmol/mol-level gas mixtures of formaldehyde in nitrogen have been obtained by a dynamic-gravimetric method with the depolymerization of trioxane vapor. The efficiency of the trioxane conversion process was experimentally studied. The sources of uncertainty are analyzed in detail. The reference gas mixtures obtained were used for the formaldehyde mole fraction measurements during the CCQM-K90 key comparison. The relative expanded uncertainty of the measurement U = 3.3% was achieved, confi rmed by the comparison results.

Objectives. To study the interaction of polymorphic markers for matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and chronic stress on formation of stroke on the background of hypertensive disease. Materials and methods. A total of 830 patients were studied: 303 patients with ischemic stroke on the background of hypertensive disease and 527 patients with hypertensive disease without stroke. SNP for metalloproteinases were studied using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The functional significance and influences of polymorphic loci on gene expression were studied using the HaploReg (v4.1) (http://archive.broadinstitute.org) and GTEx-portal (http://gtexportal.org) services. Results and conclusions. An association was found between the GG rs11568818 genotype of the MMP7 gene and a high risk of developing stroke in patients experiencing regular stress (odds ratio (OR) 1.71). The 5A allele and the 5A/5A genotype of rs3025058 of the MMP3 gene had protective effects on development of stroke in people without histories of chronic stress (OR 0.73 and OR 0.60, respectively). The SNP studied here were located in the histone protein H3K4me1 and H3K4me3 region, which is hypersensitive to DNase 1 and binds regulatory proteins and transcription factors, while the polymorphic rs11568818 locus is linked with the level of expression of the MMP7 gene.

The purpose of this work was to study the contents of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) in the blood plasma of patients with pelvic varicose veins. Thirty women with pelvic varicosities and a reflux blood flow were investigated using duplex ultrasonography. Group 1 included 18 patients with clinical signs of the pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS), including venous pelvic pain (VPP). Group 2 consisted of 12 patients with pelvic varicosities with no clinical signs of PCS. Group 1. The score of VPP intensity ranged from 4 to 8; the mean score being 4.84 0.43. The CGRP level in the studied group ranged from 0.39 to 1.01 ng/mL; the SP level ranged from 0.005 to 1.33 ng/mL. Group 2. The CGRP values were 0.15-0.32 ng/mL, and the SP range was 0.003-0.3 ng/mL. In this group, the levels of the studied peptides were 3-5 times lower than those for the patients with VPP. Group 3. The mean CGRP values were 0.06 0.003 ng/mL, and the mean SP values were 0.03 0.001 ng/mL. These values were considered as the reference parameters; a statistical analysis was performed for them. The correlation analysis revealed a strong relationship between the CGRP and VPP levels (r = 0.82) and a medium correlation between the SP level and pelvic pain in Group 1. The CGRP and SP levels in blood plasma highly correlate with the presence of pelvic venous pain.

The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and safety of ART regimens that included different doses of the drug 6НР with the reception of QD, in comparison with the scheme of ART, containing, PhAZT, to select the daily dose 6НР in conducting phase III clinical trials.Patients and methods. 125 patients were randomized to 25 people in 4 groups, depending on the daily dose of the drug 6НР (600, 800, 1000, 1200 mg), and in the comparison group (phosphazide). For a daily dose of the drug 6НР the study was blind. All patients, in addition to the studied drugs were receiving 3TC and EFV. The effectiveness of ART regimens was assessed by the proportion of patients with HIV RNA Results. The use of ART scheme, which included 6НР + 3TС + EFV, was highly effective regardless of the daily dose of the drug 6НР, and is comparable to the effectiveness of the comparison mode (PhAZT+3TC+EFV). More than 95.5% of patients receiving 600 mg and 800 mg of the drug 6НР QD, after 24 weeks of therapy, the level of HIV RNA was < 50 copies/ml (in the comparison group – 87.5%). In patients of all groups there was a significant increase in the median CD4+lymphocytes. The maximum result of increasing the median CD4 + lymphocyte count (164 cells/µl) was observed in patients receiving the drug 6НР – 600 mg/day. All the studied modes was safe because of the 24-week study made up 94% of the patients receiving 6НР, and 96% of receiving PhAZT. Only 1 patient (1%) receiving the maximum daily dose 6НР (1200 mg), marked AES possibly related to study medication, and which led to the cancellation of the treatment.Conclusions. The effectiveness and safety of all modes of ART did not depend on the daily dose of the drug 6НР and was comparable to the comparison scheme, which included PhAZT. The maximum virological and immunological response after 24 weeks of therapy was achieved in patients receiving the drug 6НР at a dose of 600 mg QD in the ART scheme. The drug 6HP is recommended for phase III study in a daily dose of 600 mg in the ART.

Objective. To evaluate the incidence of post-embolization syndrome (PES) and the effect of venoactive therapy on its development, severity, and duration after endovascular embolization of gonadal veins (EEGV) with coils in patients with pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS). Materials and Methods. We analyzed the outcomes of EEGV with coils in 70 female patients who received (n = 38, group 1) or did not receive (n = 32, group 2) treatment with a venoactive drug (VAD) before and after the procedure. Assessments of the EEGV efficacy and for possible signs of PES were done on days 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 after the intervention. All patients underwent transvaginal and transabdominal duplex ultrasound scanning (DUS) after EEGV. In addition, patients with PES were examined using the computed tomography of the pelvic veins in the postprocedural period. Results. Technical success of EEGV was achieved in 100% of patients. Pelvic venous pain (PVP) reduction after EEGV was observed in 77.1% of patients. The PES was diagnosed in 18.6% of cases (10.5% in group 1 vs. 28.1% in group 2, p &gt, 0.05). In three patients of group 1, the protrusion of coils was suspected and eventually verified during the resection of the left gonadal vein with coils. The group 1 patients had less severe post-embolization pain (6.2 ± 0.4 vs. 7.8 ± 0.3 scores in group 2, p = 0.009) and three times shorter duration of PES (5.0 ± 1.2 vs. 16.2 ± 2.7 days, p = 0.003). No significant differences in the diameters of gonadal veins, side of embolization, and number of coils were revealed between patients with and without PES. The rate of parametrium vein thrombosis was found to be significantly higher in patients with PES than in those without PES (30.7% vs. 18.5%, respectively, p &lt, 0.05). Conclusion. The PES is a frequent complication of EEGV with coils and occurs in 18.6% of patients. Venoactive treatment does not effect the incidence of this complication but reduces the PES severity and duration.

The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ART regimens, which included TDF or PhAZT, in patients with HIV infection who had not received treatment previously. Patients. The study included 85 adult patients with HIV infection. Group 1 consisted of 60 patients who received TDF/FTC + EFV. The second group included 25 patients who received PhAZT + 3TC + EFV. The study was not randomized, comparative, patient groups were similar in terms of the main indicators. The efficacy and safety of the treatment was assessed during the first 24 weeks of therapy. Results. After 24 weeks of therapy, 74,5% of patients in Group 1 and 87,5% of patients in Group 2 had less than 50 copies/ml of HIV RNA (MITT analysis). The increase in the median CD4 + lymphocytes after 24 weeks of treatment was 143 and 135 cells/μl, respectively. Most of the AE (including all AE that caused change or cancellation of the treatment regimen) were associated with the use of EFV. In 22,4% of patients receiving TDF, transient proteinuria was noted, and in 17,2% – deviation of blood creatinine level deviation of mild severity. The safest drugs included PhAZT, FTC and 3TC. The most frequent AE associated with the use of PhAZT, there was a slight decrease in hemoglobin and red blood cell count. Conclusion. The study conducted in the conditions close to real clinical practice showed that both first-line ART regimens, including TDF or Phosphazide in addition to 3TC (FTC) and EFV antiretroviral drugs, were highly effective and safe during the first 24 weeks of treatment. PhAZT is a drug of choice in the schemes of ART of the first line in the presence of contraindications to the prescription of TDF and/or ABC.

Aim. The generalization of the modern data on the influence of comorbidities on cardiac remodeling and heart dysfunction in chronic heart failure (CHF) with preserved ejection fraction (EF). The objectives of the study included the analysis of the pathogenesis of CHF with preserved ejection fraction. Material and methods. Analyzed all Russian and English literature, submitted to the search engines. Results. Analysis of scientific literature showed that the increase in systemic vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress lead to reduced bioavailability of nitric oxide , which leads to increased stiffness of the left ventricle and adverse remodeling of the heart in CHF with preserved ejection fraction. Comorbidities such as overweight /obesity, diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anaemia and chronic renal dysfunction leads to coronary remodeling in microvascular endothelial inflammation. The negative contribution is also made by demographic factors such as older age and female gender. In the present review substantiates the crucial role of comorbidities in the pathophysiology of CHF with preserved ejection fraction. Conclusion. Summarizing the analysis of literature sources, devoted to the pathogenesis of CHF with comorbidity, the findings that, in addition to diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle, there are other patofiziologiia mechanisms: the violation of backup functions, the violation of jeludochno-blood relationship, the energy deficit of the myocardium, pulmonary hypertension, chronotropic imbalance, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. With CHF with preserved ejection fraction comorbidities contribute to systemic inflammation which causes oxidative stress in the coronary microvascular endothelium. This reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide in the myocardium and leads to reduced activity of protein kinase G in cardiomyocytes, which therefore become stiff and hypertrophied. In addition, with increasing age and postmenopausal hormonal changes may lead to additional structural and functional changes.

Main text The CCQM-K10.2018 comparison aimed to evaluate the capabilities of national metrology institutes (NMIs) to prepare and/or value assign primary reference mixtures containing benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p-xylene, m-xylene and o-xylene (subsequently referred to as BTEX) in nitrogen. This key comparison was separated into two parallel studies. The first study, deemed the "gravimetric study", evaluated the level of compatibility of BTEX standards provided by NMIs. Seven participating laboratories each submitted one standard at nominal 5 nmol mol-1 BTEX in nitrogen. Comparison measurements were performed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) from July to October 2018. The second study, deemed the "comparative study", compared the capabilities of NMIs to measure the amount fractions of BTEX in a mixture provided by NIST. NIST prepared one standard at nominal 5 nmol mol-1 BTEX in nitrogen, which was measured consecutively by three participating laboratories. The participants' measurements took place from August 2018 to March 2019. The comparison protocol adopted for CCQM-K10.2018 was more challenging than for the original comparison, CCQM-K10 in 2001, and the results provide an extended evaluation of the level of compatibility of BTEX in nitrogen standards. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

Main text Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is produced mainly by the metabolic activities of oceanic phytoplankton and the most abundant natural sulfur compound in the atmosphere. DMS plays an important role for climate change since it is oxidized and forms sulfate aerosols in the atmosphere, affecting the Earth's radiation budget directly and indirectly. DMS is designated as one of the target reactive gases and monitored in the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) programme. It is important to accurately monitor its global background levels with SI traceability for better understanding of the role of DMS in climate change. This comparison is organized by Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS). Gas mixtures gravimetrically prepared by KRISS are used for demonstrating measurement equivalence at the highest metrological level. This comparison (Track C) is designed to underpin participants' measurement capabilities of trace level DMS in nitrogen at the nominal amount fraction of 5 nmol mol-1. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

Main text CCQM-K118 was an international key comparison on natural gas composition with two types of gases, i.e., a low calorific hydrogen-enriched natural gas and a high calorific LNG type of gas. There were 14 participating laboratories. The traveling standards (i.e., 14 mixtures each) were obtained from an external source and checked for homogeneity and stability before and after the participants' measurements at the two coordinating laboratories. The data evaluation was performed using a consensus value and a laboratory effect model. The results of the participants were benchmarked against a key comparison reference value computed from the largest consistent subset (LCS) of the submitted results, adjusted for the differences between the travelling standards. For the first time in a key comparison in gas analysis, the model included a term to account for excess variability in the LCS. Most of the participants reported one or a few (slightly) discrepant results. Partly this is due to the heterogeneity and heteroscedasticity of the datasets. In all, the results in this key comparison demonstrate the good comparability of the national measurement standards for natural gas composition maintained by the participating NMIs. Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA). To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

The guidelines for treatment of patients with HIV infection developed in the United States (DHHS) and the European Union (EACS) are the most globally recognised. They are used in the development of many national guidelines, including those in Russia. The guidelines of the European Union and the United States are specific in that they are characterized by high scientific validity and target countries with high income per capita. In the process of the guidelines evolution, they tended to update the recommended drugs with more efficient, safe and easy to use medications; they expanded the list of indications for antiretroviral therapy to the extent that it was recommended to all HIV patients regardless of clinical manifestations and the level of CD4 cells. The article also analyzes the changes that the guidelines underwent over the past 6 years. There are recent versions of the guidelines.

New esters of N-benzoyl-3-phenoxyphenylcarboxamide acid and N-benzoyl-N′-4-bromophenyl-3-phenoxybenzamidine were synthesized. Some of the synthesized compounds were shown to inhibit the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and nonenzymatic glycosylation of proteins and manifested antiplatelet and antioxidant properties. The compounds tested did not display the antagonistic effect toward angiotensin II type 1 receptor, did not influence the activity of glycogen phosphorylase and had very little ability to break cross-links of the glycated proteins. The derivatives with the biological activity of two types were found, which can serve as basic molecules in the search for new drug products.

This review presents modern information on the anatomy of pelvic veins, mechanisms of development of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) and venous pelvic pain (VPP), methods for verifying the venous nature of pelvic pain, as well as opportunities of various surgical interventions on the gonadal veins in treatment of PCS and relief of its most severe symptom, VPP. A comparative analysis of resection and embolization treatment methods and their effects on VPP, as well as rates of postprocedural complications, was carried out. The issues of elimination of specific compression syndromes causing occurrence of VPP, by using open, endoscopic and endovascular techniques are addressed.

The goal of this paper is to evaluate some general trends of species range shifts in the steppe areas of the south-eastern West Siberian Plain. Two sets of distribution data of grasshoppers are compared: (1) for the first half of 20th century and (2) for 1972 – 2019. A series of digital maps was generated by Map Info. Shifts of species distribution patterns are discussed. All grasshopper species may be split into three groups: (1) acridids without evident changes in their distribution; (2) species with local range boundaries shifted northwards and northeastwards; new colonies of such forms are usually found in the northern steppe and even in the forest-steppe and/or on the right side of the Ob River; (3) grasshoppers which became rare. Among them is the Siberian grasshopper, the very common pest in the first half of the 20th century. Some changes into grasshopper distribution may be associated with global warming, but others can be explained by regional and local variations in human activities. Extension, intensification, and changes of human activities may result in continuous elimination of some local populations. This means that the general strategy of management of acridid assemblages and populations should incorporate both data and technologies concerning rare species populations and new approaches to pest control and monitoring.

The results of observation of 17 patients aged 2 monthsto 16 years with acute and fulminant myocarditis(FM) were analyzed. Patients were observed in the period 2013-2016. Diagnostics used clinical data, laboratory and instrumental studies. Of 17 patients, acute myocarditis was diagnosed in 14 children, fulminant in 3. Therapy included, first of all, measures for the treatment of heart failure – diuretics (furosemide, verospiron, triampur), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (captopril), beta-blockers, digoxin inotropic agents. Intravenous human immunoglobulin was administered at a dose of 1-2 g/kg/course in 5 of 17 (29.4%) patients. When the pathogen was verified, specific antiviral therapy (acyclovir, ganciclovir, cymevene) was administered in a standard mode. Immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone, delagil) was prescribed for two of them. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, diclofenac) was obtained in children with acute myocarditis duration of over 2 weeks (13 children) prior to 2016. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs were not administered to hemodynamically unstable patients, regardless of the time period of observation. Overall, 16 out of 17 (94.4%) patients recovered with apparent regression of signs of myocarditis on the background of treatment – the symptoms of acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock were treated, and then manifestations of chronic congestive heart failure gradually decreased. 1 (5,6%) child with fulminant myocarditis died. After 6 months to 3 years, 14 children were observed. Follow-up within 6 months to 3 years showed that the diameter of the left ventricle normalized in 10 out of 14 (71.4%). Two out of 14 children (14.3%) formed postmyocardial dilated cardiomyopathy.

Main text At the highest metrological level, ammonia gas standards are commonly prepared gravimetrically as Primary Standard Mixtures or using a dynamic standard. This international key comparison addressed the measurement of the amount fraction ammonia in nitrogen, to support calibration and measurement services for mainly environmental applications. The nominal amount fraction was 14 μmol mol-1. The results in this Track C key comparison on the composition of biogas are generally good. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

At the highest metrological level, biogas standards are commonly prepared gravimetrically as PSMs (primary standard mixtures). This international key comparison addresses the composition of biogas, to support calibration and measurement services for this renewable energy gas. The mixtures contain nitrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, hydrogen and oxygen and represent the composition of biogas from landfills. The results in this Track C key comparison on the composition of biogas are generally good. Some of the datasets, especially that of oxygen, showed substantial extra dispersion, that could not be explained by the stated uncertainties. Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).

The key comparison CCQM-K137 was aimed at evaluating the level of compatibility of laboratories' preparative capabilities for gravimetric nitrogen monoxide/nitrogen primary reference mixtures at mole fractions of 30 μmol mol-1 and 70 μmol mol-1. The comparison was organised by the BIPM. It consisted in the simultaneous comparison of a suite of 2n primary gas standards, two standards to be prepared by each of the n participating laboratories at the nominal values of 30 μmol mol-1 and 70 μmol mol-1. Two independent analytical methods were used by the BIPM to analyse the amount fraction of nitrogen monoxide (NO) in nitrogen; UV spectrophotometry and chemiluminescence (CLD). The agreement between the results obtained with the two main techniques served to highlight possible issues in the preparation of the standards. During this comparison, standards prepared by two participants appeared to result in a larger bias between the analysers than observed for others. These observations were explained by the analysis of all standards by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) which identified the presence of a larger amounts of water vapour (H2O), nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in these standards, which are the three main impurities which can appear in mixtures of NO in nitrogen. The above observations were used to underpin the selection of standards (at each nominal NO mole fraction) which can be considered as a consistent set, allowing the calculation of a calibration line by a Generalised Least-Square regression. Key Comparison Reference Values were then proposed for all participants as predicted values from the calibration lines. Interferences caused in the response of the CLD analyser by impurities (verified by FTIR measurements) led to only the results from the UV analyser being proposed for the KCRV and Degrees of Equivalence calculations. Good agreement was observed between all participants who could prepare their standards with minimum levels of impurities. The key comparison CCQM-K137 is considered to present an analytical challenge at both nominal mole fractions and therefore considered as a Specialised (Track C) comparison in the CCQM nomenclature. Main text To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).