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The established practice of making a decision on the construction of a new nuclear power plant occurs after the approval of the technical and economic requirements for it, taking into account the need to ensure them during the construction process. It is no secret that the most important indicators of technical and economic requirements, such as capital costs and construction time, are currently not kept for almost all nuclear power plant projects. As a rule, this indicates an insufficiently good elaboration of the project, imperfection of the estimate documentation, and management problems during construction. A distinctive feature of the construction of nuclear power plants in the Russian Federation is that the operating organisation is at the same time the customer of the project, taking part in ensuring all stages of the life cycle of the nuclear power plant, and bearing responsibility for achieving the technical and economic requirements of the project. In this regard, an urgent task is to provide expert support to the project customer from an expert organisation capable of independently assessing the quality of the project and the progress of its implementation. The necessity of support of the technical customer's activity by an expert organisation - architect-engineer is outlined on the basis of positive experience. Taking into account the world practice of designing, building and operating engineering-complex and capital-intensive projects, it is necessary for the architect-engineer to substantiate a number of optimisation measures based on the use of modern methods (requirements management, application of technical, economic and mathematical models, development and application of digital models and digital twins of nuclear power plants). The necessity of using decision expertise in managing and quality control of nuclear power plant design and construction is substantiated using a technical and economic model and digital twins for new nuclear power plant projects at all stages of their life cycle.

A diverse fish assemblage was reported from the Mazalovskiy Kitat and Alchedat beds (Givetian, Middle Devonian) of the Kuznetsk Basin (Siberia, Russia). Ptyctodontid and acanthothoracid placoderms; chondrichthyans such as the phoedodontiforms Phoebodus fastigatus and Ph. sophiae, the omalodontiform Omalodus grabaui, the cladodontomorph Cladodoides, euselachian Protacrodus, “Ohiolepis, and “Cladolepis”; Cheiracanthoides and acanthodiform acanthodians; actinopterygian Moythomasia; and struniiform sarcopterygians occur in the assemblage. The teeth of phoebodontiforms and omalodontiform are dominant among the fish microremains. The assemblage contains widely distributed taxa. The occurrences of Cladodoides and Protacrodus in the Givetian of Kuznetsk Basin are the oldest in the world.

Introduction. Adrenal insufficiency is often found in critical conditions of the neonatal period and has nonspecific symptoms, which greatly complicates its diagnosis. The objective was to study the hormonal status of newborns with congenital malformations (CM according to the outcome of treatment in the intensive care unit.Materials and methods. Study design – observational, dynamic retrospective comparative study. 60 newborns were examined: 26 healthy and 34 with CM. Depending on the severity of the condition, children with CM were divided into two groups. Group I included patients in an extremely severe condition, and in group II – in a stable condition. We studied the concentration of 17-hydroxypregnenolone, aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, progesterone, testosterone, estradiol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone upon admission to the ICU, immediately after surgery and on the first day after it.Results. In all children with CM, the concentration of 17-hydroxypregnenolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone before surgery was significantly lower compared to healthy newborns, while in group I, it was minimal. After surgery, the concentration of cortisol precursors remained low, but its level increased significantly, especially in children of group I. A risk factor for lethal outcome in newborns with CM needing treatment in the ICU is the 17-OH-pregnenolone/dehydroepiandrosterone ratio, both at the time of admission to the ICU (AUC = 0.821; sensitivity = 68.97; specificity = 100; p = 0.0002; cut-off < 1,52); and on the first day after surgery (AUC = 0.807; sensitivity = 79.3; specificity = 80; р = 0.025; cut-off = 0).Conclusion. The increase in the concentration of cortisol against the background of low level of hormone precursors and the reduction of the 17-OH-pregnenolone/dehydroepiandrosterone ratio in the first day after surgery is a marker of an adverse course of the postoperative period and outcome.

The article outlines the pedagogical technologies for teaching environmental engineering in the online learning system of higher education institutions. There are proposed ways of developing educational technologies for teaching environmental engineering: active and collaborative learning, individualisation of training, use of video and audio materials, using electronic tools for evaluation of educational results, development of digital literacy, implementation of interactive online courses and professional communication and mentoring. There are presented the use of these technologies in the different aspects of environmental engineering, such as analysing water quality parameters, soil quality assessment, studying waste management practices, and studying the integration of renewable energy into the practice through virtual labs, online tests, video lectures, and collaborative projects. The proposed pedagogical technologies for teaching environmental engineering in the online learning system of higher education institutions were tested in the educational process. The Student's t-test was used for statistical calculation of the obtained experimental data. At the end of the experiment, there is a statistically significant difference between the mean values of the experimental and control groups. It can be claimed that the use of pedagogical technologies for teaching environmental engineering in the online learning system of higher education institutions is perspective.

This study investigates the avifauna of the Irtysh floodplain from June 1 to September 1, 2022–2023, revealing a rich diversity of 117 bird species across 14 groups. A notable discovery was the first documented nesting of the blackbird Turdus merula in the Uvat region. Additionally, the presence of 11 rare and declining bird species, as listed in the Red List of the Russian Federation and the Tyumen Oblast, was confirmed. The research delves into the ecological and faunal characteristics of bird communities within the key biotopes of the Uvat region, analyzing species composition, total bird population, diversity indices, and community stability. The findings indicated a direct correlation between these parameters and the heterogeneity of plant cover, spatial distribution, and food availability in critical habitats. Despite various anthropogenic activities like habitat fragmentation, tree and shrub cutting, burning, oil field operations, and recreational pursuits observed in the surveyed areas of the Irtysh floodplain, the overall stability of the bird community remained intact.

Background. Despite the clear trend towards infant mortality decrease in our country, there are significant differences in values in some federal districts and regions of Russian Federation. Thus, the assessment of infant mortality rates and health indicators is crucial topic of scientific analysis. Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate selected child health indicators and infant mortality rates in the Chechen Republic. Methods. We have conducted the retrospective cross-sectional study of infant mortality rates, prematurity incidence, infant and newborn morbidity, and mortality of children born sick or got sick. The study was based on the data from official statistics and from the extraction of statistical reporting forms No. 12 and No. 32. Results. The Chechen Republic belongs to the regions with high infant mortality rate, however, it has decreased by 11.6% from 6.9 to 6.1‰ in 2018–2022. The major diseases causing lethal outcomes in infants in this region, and in Russia as a whole, were certain conditions that occur in the perinatal period, and congenital disorders. Meanwhile, mortality from respiratory diseases and some infectious and parasitic diseases exceeded the national average. Prematurity incidence in the republic was 1.5 times lower than the national average, newborns morbidity was 1.7 times lower, infants morbidity was 4.0 times lower. Trend analysis has revealed that prematurity incidence and newborns morbidity have slightly changed over 5 years (+2.2% and –1.0%), while infants morbidity had significant trend (–40.2%). All morbidity rates of children who died at the age under 1 year were significantly lower than the national average for all classes of diseases that are the most common for infants mortality. The mortality rates among children born sick or got sick were on average 5.4 times higher than similar indicators in Russia. The highest mortality rate was observed among children who died from perinatal conditions, congenital disorders, external causes, and some infectious and parasitic diseases. The level of the maternal and child health service performance was 0.44 on average over the 5-year interval, that corresponds to the average level of efficacy. Conclusion. This study has allowed to reveal that there is an urge to improve the organization of medical care for infants in the Chechen Republic.

Introduction. Respiratory distress of newborns is one of the most common causes of complications, irreversible damage to the central nervous system and deaths in the neonatal period.The objective was to analyze the current features of epidemiology, risk factors and outcomes of respiratory distress (RD) in newborns according to the literature.Materials and methods. The analysis includes 112 publications included in the abstract PubMed database for the period from 2017 to 2023. The search was carried out using keywords: respiratory distress, respiratory distress syndrome, newborns, favorable outcome, unfavorable outcome, risk factor, epidemiology. After the initial study of abstracts, 62 articles were excluded from the review on predicting disease outcomes and the effect of therapeutic measures on the course of respiratory failure in the neonatal period.Results. Studies on the epidemiology of respiratory distress in newborns are very numerous, but the information available in them is extremely heterogeneous and cannot be extrapolated to patients with neonatal ICUs all over the world. Low weight and short gestation at the time of birth are the main risk factors for an unfavorable neonatal period outcome, especially in developing countries. A special risk group is prematurity with extremely low body weight, especially if they have severe infections and sepsis. Severe hypoxemic respiratory failure in the neonatal period in full-term newborns, in most cases, is noted in persistent pulmonary hypertension, which requires significant costs of all health care resources. Therapeutic strategies that have significantly reduced mortality in newborns with RD are surfactant replacement therapy and various options for non-invasive respiratory support.Conclusion. The most frequent cause of hypoxemic respiratory failure in the neonatal period is respiratory distress syndrome and transient tachypnea of newborns, which is due to nursing full-term newborns and increasing indications for surgical delivery.

Background. According to the hypothesis of the study, the therapeutic efficacy of measures to treat hypoxic (ischemic) emergencies can be significantly increased by using an artificial gas mixture with normal or increased oxygen content and a high content of argon, being bioactive despite its chemical inertness.Objective. To experimentally evaluate the antihypoxic effects of argon on the example of acute massive blood loss in experimental animals.Methods. The study was carried out on 72 albino male gray rats with a baseline body weight of 220–250 g. The experiments were performed at the premises of the Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute of the Kurchatov Institute and the Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza (Russia). Prior to the experiment, the animals were quarantined for 2 weeks in the vivariums of the performing organizations. Acute massive blood loss in rats was formed by taking blood (12 ± 1% of body weight on average) using syringe method by transcutaneous cardiac puncture. Rats were randomized into 3 groups (24 individuals each) depending on the gaseous medium where the animal was placed after artificial blood loss. Composition of the applied gaseous medium in the comparison groups: medium No. 1 — oxygen 21% vol.; argon — 30% vol.; nitrogen — the rest; medium No. 2 — oxygen 21% vol.; argon — the rest; medium No. 3 (control) — air. The postoperative follow-up (post-conditioning) for 8 hours involved assessing and recording the following indicators: survival/lethality rates; recovery rates (anesthesia recovery, somatic mobilization); clinical symptoms of possible intoxication with the gas mixture during inhalation exposure. The surviving animals were then monitored for 4 days to evaluate their health and behavioral performance. Upon completing the observation period, the animals were euthanized.Results. After artificially-induced blood loss, all the non-survivors died within 1.5–8 hours after the operation. In group 1 (post-conditioning in medium No. 1), the lethality of laboratory animals amounted to 4 individuals out of 24 (16%); in group 2 (post-conditioning in medium No. 2) — 2 individuals out of 24 (8%). In the control group, the lethality rate was significantly higher — 10 animals out of 24 (42%). The surviving animals demonstrated no lethality or morbidity within 4 days after the exposure. Analysis of outcomes between experimental groups and controls revealed that the significance of differences in the lethality index between group 1 and control (by Fisher’s two-sided criterion) comprised p = 0.06; between group 2 and control — p = 0.017. When the statistical “power” of the experimental group was increased (by combining samples 1 and 2), the significance of differences in outcomes in this group compared to the control accounted for p < 0.001.Conclusion. The conducted studies confirmed the hypothesis about the pronounced antihypoxic effect of argon, which significantly increased the survival rate of experimental animals after massive artificially-induced blood loss.

Unfortunately, the state of law and order on the roads of Ukraine is extremely disappointing, and the sad statistics of road accidents and people injured in them are quite convincing. It is clear that this situation is not normal and poses a threat to individuals, including Ukrainian citizens, as well as to the public and state interests in general. The urgency and importance of road safety issues is emphasised by both academics and the official authorities, who have a strategic vision of the key issues in this area and ways to address them. However, despite this, no significant positive results have been achieved so far. There are many problems that prevent effective road safety, not least of which is the large number of gaps and shortcomings in the current legislation that need to be addressed. Particular attention should be paid to improving administrative liability for violations of vehicle operation rules by drivers and passengers. The relevance of these particular aspects of road safety is due to the fact that the use of vehicles with technical malfunctions, converted in violation of the requirements established by law, causes a significant number of road accidents, and violation of the rules for the use of passive safety equipment (in particular, seat belts) leads to an increase in the number of people injured in road accidents, as evidenced by the statistics provided by the Department of Patrol Police of Ukraine In view of the above, the article proposes some steps to improve administrative liability under Article 121 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offences. Obviously, improvement of the road traffic safety regime requires improvement of various preventive measures, which are undoubtedly of a priority nature, but legal liability, which is an important tool for maintaining the rule of law in this area, cannot be neglected. Expanding the scope of liability for drivers who operate vehicles with technical problems and whose use is prohibited by law, as well as imposing sanctions for improper use of seat belts not only on drivers but also on passengers, should, in our opinion, have a positive impact on the state of lawfulness in the field of vehicle safety and, as a result, on the dynamics of road accidents and the number of people injured in them.

Introduction The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the quality of life and emotional well-being of the Russian population, with increased emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety. This study focuses on the specific context of Russian university students studying humanities disciplines, who had to adapt to remote learning and self-education during the pandemic. Objectives This study aimed to assess the quality of life and measure the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among Russian humanities students. Additionally, it examined the correlations between quality of life and emotional disorders. Methods Data collection was conducted between January and April 2021 using a customized Google form. The study included 35 students from Russian universities. Quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress were determined using the DASS-21 methodology, both adapted for use in Russia. Results The mean values for the quality of life domains were as follows: “physical and psychological well-being” (M = 20.65±3.85), “self-image” (M = 19.21±3.54), “microsocial support” (M = 10.39±2.36), and “social well-being” (M = 27.93±4.15). Notably, 54% of respondents exhibited no symptoms of depression, 66% showed no signs of anxiety, and 69% reported no stress. Correlation analysis revealed that there was no statistically significant relationship between stress and quality of life, and social well-being did not correlate with emotional disturbances. Conclusions During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of Russian humanities students did not experience clinical manifestations of depression, anxiety, or stress. To improve their emotional well-being, students should prioritize their physical and psychological health, self-perception, self-esteem, and relationships with their immediate social circles, particularly their families. In this pandemic context, broader social factors such as recreational opportunities took a back seat in students’ priorities. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction A pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus is an immensely traumatic event. Researches indicate that such events significantly impact various aspects of individuals, including their physical, emotional, cognitive, behavioural, and social functions, affecting different components of their personality structure. However, the experience of trauma itself is influenced by implicit internal structures known as underlying beliefs. Consequently, emotional responses to traumatic events may be interconnected with these core beliefs. Objectives This study aimed to explore fundamental beliefs among Russian university students and analyze their associations with emotional reactions such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Methods Data collection took place from January to April 2021 using a custom-designed Google form. The study involved 35 Russian university students. We employed the WAS-37 methodology to investigate fundamental beliefs and the DASS-21 methodology to assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We found that the mean values of the “Benevolence of the surrounding world” (M = 35.5±7.3) and “Luck” (M = 31.7±5.1) scales are higher than the normative mean values for the Russian population. In contrast, the mean values of the “Fairness” (M = 21.0±3.7), “Self-image” (M = 26.6±7.0) and “Beliefs about control” (M = 26.6±4.8) scales are generally not different from the normative values. Depression has negative correlations with Self-image (rs = -0.590, p < 0.01) and Beliefs about control (rs = -0.509, p < 0.01). No statistically significant correlations of anxiety and stress with baseline beliefs were obtained. Conclusions During the second wave of the pandemic, Russian university students tend to view the world around them as less perilous than the broader population does, and they perceive themselves as more fortunate. Depressive feelings among students are linked to their lower beliefs in the value and importance of their self, as well as their perception that the world around them is not sufficiently controllable. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on people’s lives, affecting various aspects of society and potentially altering the quality of life of certain groups. The World Health Organisation defines quality of life as an individual’s physical, psychological, emotional, and social health as perceived by themselves in relation to society. It appears that the pandemic disproportionately affected the most susceptible societal segments, comprising university students who encountered significant stress due to the shift to remote learning, and individuals living with HIV who faced difficulties in accessing medical assistance. Objectives The study aimed to investigate the quality of life of students studying the humanities disciplines and HIV patients during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Methods Data collection was conducted from January to July 2021, using a Google form developed by the researchers. The study included 35 students from Russian universities studying humanities specialities and 59 HIV-positive patients. To check the quality of life, we used the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, adapted for use in Russia. Results We found that on the domains “physical and psychological well-being” (M = 20.26±3.89 - students, M = 21.43±3.62 - patients, p = 0.144) and “self-image” (M = 19.11±3.53 vs M = 19.52±2.92, p = 0.553) respondents from the two groups did not differ from each other. The domain “microsocial support” was more pronounced in students than patients (M = 10.71±2.48 vs M = 9.17±2.96, p = 0.011). A similar situation was observed in “social well-being” (M = 27.23±4.33 vs M = 24.97±5.24, p = 0.034). Conclusions During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, individuals living with HIV experienced a lower quality of life compared to students in humanities disciplines. Individuals living with HIV reported lower satisfaction with their relationships within their immediate environment, including family and friends, as well as their overall social well-being, encompassing factors like safety, material wealth, access to medical care, and transportation. In these pandemic conditions, it became evident that individuals with HIV required more extensive social support measures than students. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Baseline beliefs, as conceptualized by R. Janoff-Bulman in her cognitive theory of mental trauma, represent an inherent internal framework that shapes how individuals perceive and assess traumatic events. It is widely acknowledged that the pandemic has had a profound impact on the global economy and the living conditions of individuals. Consequently, it is reasonable to assume that during a pandemic, one’s ability to adapt to these altered circumstances is influenced by their foundational beliefs. Consequently, exploring these fundamental beliefs in two at-risk groups, namely university students and individuals with confirmed HIV, becomes a subject of significant interest. Objectives This study aims to examine the fundamental beliefs of patients with HIV and university students in the context of the second wave of the new coronavirus pandemic in Russia. Methods Data collection took place from January to July 2021 using a custom-developed Google form. The study involved 35 Russian university students majoring in humanities and 59 HIV-positive patients. We employed the WAS-37 methodology, adapted for use in Russia, to assess their baseline beliefs. Results We found that on the scales “Fairness” (M = 21.00±3.73 - students, M = 20.53±4.63 - patients, p = 0.616), “Luck” (M = 31.74±5.06 vs M = 29.59±7.33, p = 0.129) and “Control beliefs” (M = 26.66±4.80 vs M = 27.12±4.42, p = 0.636) students did not differ from patients. Scores on the Environment Benevolence scale were higher in students (M = 35.46±7.33 vs M = 30.50±7.09, p = 0.002) and on the Self Image scale were higher in HIV patients (M = 26.63±6.97 vs M = 30.03±5.41, p = 0.010). Conclusions During the latter stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, individuals living with HIV, when compared to students, tended to perceive the world around them as being more perilous and unfriendly, while simultaneously viewing themselves as possessing greater integrity. From our perspective, this latter observation could be interpreted as a means of self-defence against the perceived hostility of the external world. In such pandemic circumstances, it may be advisable to consider the use of supportive psychotherapy for individuals living with HIV. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction During a pandemic, the population is required to adapt effectively to drastically altered environmental conditions to avoid the development of psychiatric disorders or other maladaptive responses. This adaptation is closely linked to an individual’s ability to regulate their behaviour effectively and to develop traits such as pliability and autonomy. Objectives The research aims to investigate individual self-regulation among students studying humanities disciplines and individuals living with HIV during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Methods Data collection took place from January to July 2021 using a custom-designed Google form. The study involved 35 university students in Russia specializing in humanities and 59 individuals living with HIV. To assess the development of individual self-regulation and determine its specific profile, we utilized the “Behavioural Self-Regulation Style” questionnaire developed by V.I. Morosanova. Results We found that 43% of students have an average level of self-regulation, 37% - high and 20% - low. Among people living with HIV the distribution is similar: 53 % have an average level of self-regulation, 37 % - high and 10 % - low. The analysis of average results of the scales did not reveal statistically significant differences among the groups of respondents. The average profiles have no pronounced peaks and look as follows: planning (M = 5.77±2.16 - students, M = 6.24±1.90 - patients, p > 0.05), modelling (M = 5.26±1.80 vs M = 5.69±1.90, p > 0.05), programming (M = 6.00±1.50 vs M = 5.93±1.66, p > 0.05), performance evaluation (M = 6.26±1.42 vs M = 5.78±1.60, p > 0.05), pliability (M = 6.17±1.87 vs M = 6.58±1.90, p > 0.05) and autonomy (M = 5.00±2.33 vs M = 5.56±2.08, p > 0.05) were almost at the same level in both the student and patient groups. Conclusions During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia, there were no significant distinctions observed in the self-regulation behaviour styles between students and individuals living with HIV. The majority of participants from these chosen groups demonstrated a similar average level of effectiveness in self-regulating their behaviour, as well as comparable degrees of pliability and autonomy development. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

SummaryA 12-year-old girl with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type I (Gurler-Scheie syndrome, Q70X/del C683 of the IDUA gene in the compound heterozygous state) regularly received enzyme replacement therapy (laronidase) since the preclinical stage (6 months old) due to positive family history, and started etanercept treatment due to progression of joint pain and decreasing capability to walk. The patient had a significant reduction of pain in the joints and an expansion of daily physical activity without adverse events. A decrease in bone marrow edema without foci progression compared to baseline assessment was observed in the whole-body MRI.During the treatment (baseline/6 months/12 months) the following was observed: childhood health assessment questionnaire (CHAQ) index of 1.88/2.13/1.63 points; patient’s pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) of 37/30/31 points; parental PedsQL of 26/27/34 points; and patient’s pain visual-analog scale (VAS) of 75/45/40, with no VAS recorded for the mother. Juvenile arthritis functional assessment report (JAFAR) scores of 35/34/8 points were observed. A significant reduction in the taking of NSAIDs was observed. In the second half of the year, the nasal breathing became normal, and remission in chronic rhinitis and adenoiditis was achieved (no infection episodes) without otitis episodes.ConclusionEtanercept in mucopolysaccharidosis type 1 is safe and well tolerated. The reduction of joint pain and increased walking capacity were observed. A decreased number of respiratory infection episodes and nasal breathing improvement were noted during the treatment. The observation shows the role of inflammation in the different aspects of MPS. Further investigations on immune system dysregulation in patients with MPS I are needed. Additional studies on the efficacy and safety of anti-rheumatic biological drugs in patients with MPSI are required.

The relevance of the topic of the article is due, first, to the growing geopolitical challenges and threats, escalation of international sanctions that undermine the foundations of economic and financial sovereignty of Russia, and, second, to the need to develop science-based solutions, ensuring the ability of the national financial system to maintain stability and independence from external shocks. The purpose of the research is to identify the current problems of Russia’s financial sovereignty and to develop reasoned proposals to ensure it in the context of the international sanction’s matrix. The novelty of the research is that the authors for the first time presented and described a matrix of international sanctions against the financial sovereignty of Russia, as well as developed economically feasible recommendations for its protection in modern conditions. When preparing the theoretical section of the publication, a group of general scientific methods was used: observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, method of logical reasoning, critical review of scientific literature and professional publications. In the preparation of the analytical section and development specific recommendations, specific scientific methods (static analysis, graphical method) were used, expert method was used to form scenarios for assessing the future state of the financial sovereignty. The essence of the concept of “financial sovereignty” in the context of the international sanction’s matrix was considered. Available official state and other verified statistics of the number and structure of sanctions against the financial system was collected and processed, as well as points (zones) of application of their destructive influence was identified. As conclusions, expert judgments were formulated on possible tools to protect financial sovereignty and assessed their positive and negative effects, taking into account the volatility of sanctions. The materials of this research can be used as a basis for further justification of promising solutions to protect national financial sovereignty, taking into account foreign economic and military-political trends. The results of the research will be useful to experts in the sphere of state regulation of the national financial system, as well as specialists in the formation of forecasts of socio-economic development of the state.

Background. Despite the decrease in fetoinfantile losses, the levels of perinatal mortality and stillbirth remain quite high. One of the medical criteria for viability is the anthropometric indicators of the child, therefore, their relevant medical and statistical assessment may allow us to establish potential opportunities for reducing the loss of viable children at perinatal period.Objective. The aim of the study is to assess anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period.Methods. We have analyzed 277 cases of children deaths at ante- and intranatal periods and 197 cases of newborns deaths during first 7 days of life. Assessment of anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period was presented via the method of sigmal deviations and the centile method.Results. Anthropometric data of premature infants died at perinatal period in 90–94% of cases corresponded to the physical development for children of this gestational age. Anthropometric data of full-term children died during the first 168 hours of life, in 70.0% of cases, corresponded to 3–6 corridors of physical development (P10–P90), in 20.0% of cases — 7–8 corridors. 58.3% of full-term children died at perinatal period have harmonious development which significantly exceeds the proportion of children with sharply disharmonious development (19.5%) and with disharmonious development (22.2%). 79.0% of all neonatal deaths occur in the first 72 hours of life (for the early neonatal period), while losses on the first day account for 54.0% of all deaths in children during the first week.Conclusion. This study has shown that the anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period significantly corresponded to the standard indicators established for children of this gestation age.

The materials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the National Police of Ukraine leadership reports on the challenges and problems that the bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs had to face as a result of military aggression by the Russian Federation have been considered, as well as on the available results and successes in countering the threats of war by the police and implementing their normal tasks and functions under martial law. It has been emphasized that one of the main areas of the National Police of Ukraine activity was and remains preventive activity, the high efficiency and effectiveness of which are especially important in the conditions of martial law. At the same time, in such a situation, it is quite difficult to ensure the appropriate level of quality and effectiveness of the specified activity due to the objective conditions of wartime, which significantly complicate the work of the police. The key, in our opinion, factors that create difficulties and complications in the implementation of preventive activities by police bodies in conditions of martial law have been identified. In particular, these are changes in the trends and structure of illegal activity in the country; the growth of migration flows, both of an internal and external nature; increase in the number of firearms in civilian circulation; activation of social movement; the need for the police to perform a number of previously uncharacteristic tasks, etc. The author's vision of priority directions for further improvement and development of preventive activities of police bodies in the conditions of wartime and post-war reconstruction of Ukraine has been expressed.

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Оценка тяжести состояния новорожденных и раннее выявление инфекций являются крайне важной проблемой интенсивной терапии. ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Изучить клинико-лабораторные признаки полиорганной дисфункции у новорожденных с внутриамниотической инфекцией при поступлении в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Обследовано 165 новорожденных, находящихся на лечении в отделении реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ). Масса детей составила 1870 (1480–2550) г, оценка по шкале Апгар на 1-й мин — 7 (6–7), на 5-й — 8 (7–8) баллов. В зависимости от срока гестации дети были разделены на 4 группы: I группа — 26–29, II — 30–33, III — 34–37, IV — 38–40 нед. В I–III группах преобладали дети с респираторным дистресс-синдромом и внутриамниотической инфекцией, в IV — с асфиксией. Длительность неинвазивной искусственной вентиляции легких составила 96 (2–600) ч, инвазивной — 120 (24–720) ч. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Максимальная оценка по шкале NEOMOD (Neonatal Multiple Organ Dysfunction) была характерна для детей I и IV групп: 4 (3–5) и 3 (1–4) балла соответственно. Количество лейкоцитов у новорожденных IV группы в 1-е сут лечения было статистически значимо выше, чем во II и в III группах: 19,6 (8,5–43,7) vs 12,4 (5,8–33,1) и 12,5 (6,4–32,5) соответственно (p = 0,003). Дефицит оснований (BE) в I группе были статистически значимо выше, чем в IV группе: −7,2 vs −4,2 ммоль/л (р

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most common forms of hereditary muscular dystrophies in childhood and is characterized by steady progression and early disability. It is known that physical therapy can slow down the rate of progression of the disease. According to global recommendations, pool exercises, along with stretching, are preferable for children with DMD, as these types of activities have a balanced effect on skeletal muscles and allow simultaneous breathing exercises. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of regular pool exercises in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy who are capable of independent movement during 4 months of training. 28 patients with genetically confirmed Duchenne muscular dystrophy, who were aged 6.9 ± 0.2 years, were examined. A 6-min distance walking test and timed tests, namely, rising from the floor, 10-meter running, and stair climbing and descending, muscle strength of the upper and lower extremities were assessed on the baseline and during dynamic observation at 2 and 4 months. Hydrorehabilitation course lasted 4 months and was divided into two stages: preparatory and training (depend on individual functional heart reserve (IFHR)). Set of exercises included pool dynamic aerobic exercises. Quantitative muscle MRI of the pelvic girdle and thigh was performed six times: before training (further BT) and after training (further AT) during all course. According to the results of the study, a statistically significant improvement was identified in a 6-min walking test, with 462.7 ± 6.2 m on the baseline and 492.0 ± 6.4 m after 4 months (p < 0.001). The results from the timed functional tests were as follows: rising from the floor test, 4.5 ± 0.3 s on the baseline and 3.8 ± 0.2 s after 4 months (p < 0.001); 10 meter distance running test, 4.9 ± 0.1 s on the baseline and 4.3 ± 0.1 s after 4 months (p < 0.001); 4-stair climbing test, 3.7 ± 0.2 s on the baseline and 3.2 ± 0.2 s after 4 months (p < 0.001); and 4-stair descent test, 3.9 ± 0.1 s on the baseline and 3.2 ± 0.1 s after 4 months (p < 0.001). Skeletal muscle quantitative MRI was performed in the pelvis and the thighs in order to assess the impact of the procedures on the muscle structure. Muscle water T2, a biomarker of disease activity, did not show any change during the training period, suggesting the absence of deleterious effects and negative impact on disease activity. Thus, a set of dynamic aerobic exercises in water can be regarded as effective and safe for patients with DMD.

Hemophagocytic syndrome is a key point in the pathogenesis of severe forms of multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19 in children (MIS-C). The factors associated with hemophagocytosis in patients with MIS-C were assessed in the present study of 94 boys and 64 girls ranging in age from 4 months to 17 years, each of whose HScore was calculated. In accordance with a previous analysis, patients with HScore ≤ 91 (n = 79) and HScore > 91 (n = 79) were compared. Patients with HScore > 91 had a higher frequency of symptoms such as cervical lymphadenopathy, dry cracked lips, bright mucous, erythema/swelling of hands and feet, peeling of fingers, edematous syndrome, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and hypotension/shock. They also had a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer levels, and a tendency to anemia, thrombocytopenia, and hypofibrinogenemia. They more often needed acetylsalicylic acid and biological treatment and were admitted to ICU in 70.9% of cases. Conclusion: The following signs of severe MIS-C were associated with HScore > 91: myocardial involvement, pericarditis, hypotension/shock, and ICU admission.

Introduction The pandemic is an undeniably stressful factor on a planetary scale. Life meaning, specific meaning-life orientations, and aspects of locus of control mediate one’s relationship to one’s life circumstances. Thus, the noetic part of human existence can relate to the perception of the pandemic. Objectives The study aimed to examine the relationship between life-meaning orientations and nonspecific emotional reactions in HIV-infected patients during the second wave of the pandemic. Methods The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. We used the Purpose-in-Life Test to examine life-meaning orientations and the DASS-21 to diagnose depression, anxiety, and stress. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We obtained the following mean values on the PiLT scales: “general index of life meaningfulness” — M = 94.39±19.71; “goals in life” — M = 30.80±7.75; “life process” — M = 26.93±6.66; “life performance” — M = 23.69±6.66; “locus of control — Me” — M = 19. 61±5.05; “locus of control — life” — M = 25.90±7.43. All PiLT scales had statistically significant negative correlations with depression, anxiety, and stress, except “life process,” which was not associated with anxiety (rxy = -0.215, p > 0.05). Conclusions In the COVID-19 pandemic, life meaningfulness, ability to manage life, and freedom of choice may be considered as predictors of emotional well-being among patients living with HIV. The method of the existential psychotherapy can be effective apply among this group of patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need to adapt to rapidly changing external conditions has increased dramatically. Predictors of successful adaptation can be the degree of development of individual self-regulation and its profile. The emotional state depends on successful adaptation. Objectives The study aimed to examine the individual self-regulation of behaviour and emotional reactions among patients living with HIV in Russia. Methods The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form developed by us. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. To diagnose the development of individual self-regulation and its profile, we used the Self-Regulation Style Questionnaire, to study depression, anxiety, and stress — DASS-21 adapted for use in Russia. Results We found that 10 % of respondents had a low overall level of self-regulation, 53 % had an average level, and 37 % had a high level. The average individual profile was as follows: predominance of planning (M = 6.24±1.90) over modelling (M = 5.69±1.90), programming (M = 5.93±1.66), and evaluating results (M = 5.78±1.60), which were approximately at the same level. Flexibility (M = 6.58±1.90) and autonomy (M = 5.56±2.08) scores were in the average normal range. Only two correlations were found: modelling was negatively associated with depression (rxy = -0.336, p < 0.01) and anxiety (rxy = -0.275, p < 0.05). Conclusions Awareness and adequacy of perceptions of changes in external and internal significant conditions contribute to a favourable emotional status among people living with HIV. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction People living with HIV are at risk to develop depression, anxiety, and stress. During the pandemic, their access to medical and social care has decreased. Baseline beliefs affect the experience of mental trauma. Objectives The study aimed to determine the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress and assess the baseline beliefs among people living with HIV. In addition, the relationship of emotional reactions to baseline beliefs was analysed. Methods Data were collected from February 28 to July 11, 2021, using a Google form that we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. The DASS-21 was used to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels, and the WAS-37 was used to examine baseline beliefs. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We found that 64 % of the respondents had no symptoms of depression, 61 % of patients reported no anxiety, and 71 % had no stress. Mean values on the scales of “Benevolence in the World” (M = 30.4±7.1) and “Justice” (M = 20.5±4.6) were below the mean normative values for the Russian population. In contrast, the scales of “Self-Image” (M = 30.1±5.4), “Luck” (M = 29.5±7.3), and “Controlling beliefs” (M = 27.1±4.4) were above the mean. Depression was associated with all types of baseline beliefs, anxiety was associated only with benevolence in the world (rxy = -0.309, p < 0.05), and stress was associated with benevolence (rxy = -0.281, p < 0.05) and luck (rxy = -0.258, p < 0.05). Conclusions During the COVID-19, beliefs about the world’s benevolence are associated with emotional well-being among people living with HIV. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction The new coronavirus pandemic has brought the issue of life quality to the forefront. Among HIV-infected patients, life quality may be associated with fear of death. Objectives The study aimed to investigate the life quality and death fear among HIV-infected patients during the pandemic second wave in Russia. Methods The data were collected from February to July 2021 using a Google form that we developed. Fifty-nine patients living with HIV participated in the study. We used the WHOQOL-BREF to examine the quality of life and the Fear of Personal Death Scale to explore fear of death. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We found the following mean values for the domains: “physical and psychological well-being” — M = 21.39±3.61; “self-perception” — M = 17.51±2.28; “microsocial support” — M = 9.15±2.94; “social well-being” — M = 24.81±5.33. We found that physical and psychological well-being were associated with the transcendental consequences of death (rxy = 0.274, p < 0.05), self-perception with body consequences (rxy = -0.304, p < 0.05) and fear of forgetting (rxy = -0.287, p < 0.05), and social well-being with body consequences (rxy = -0.310, p < 0.05). Conclusions Life quality is related to intrapersonal, interpersonal, and supra-personal dimensions of death fear during the second wave of the pandemic among patients living with HIV. Such fact may indicate possible psychotherapeutic targets when working with this group of patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Introduction Different areas of life quality are associated with emotional status. In pandemic conditions, the index of life quality may contribute to emotional stability. However, HIV-infected patients are at risk for affective disorders and are often characterized by a low life rate. Objectives The study aimed to examine the relationship between life quality and emotional status among HIV-infected patients during the second wave of the pandemic. Methods Data were collected between February and July 2021 using a Google form we developed. Fifty-nine HIV-positive patients participated in the study. We used the WHOQOL-BREF to examine the quality of life and the DASS-21 to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels. Both questionnaires were adapted for use in Russia. Results We found that 64 % of the respondents had no symptoms of depression, 61 % of the patients reported no anxiety, and 71 % had no detectable stress. We found that physical and psychological well-being was associated with depression (rxy = -0.318, p < 0.05) and anxiety (rxy = -0.308, p < 0.05), microsocial support was associated with depression (rxy = -0.430, p < 0.01) and anxiety (rxy = -0.330, p < 0.05), social well-being with depression (rxy = -0.375, p < 0.01), anxiety (rxy = -0.448, p < 0.01) and stress (rxy = -0.362, p < 0.01). Conclusions During the second pandemic wave, the social well-being was most strongly associated with emotional well-being among patients living with HIV. This indicates that different types of social support are essential for this group of patients. Therefore, state authorities should pay special attention to the social welfare of this group of patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared

Clarification of etiology and identification of infectious agents in critically ill newborns is a very urgent problem of neonatal resuscitation.The objective. To study the characteristics of microbiota in critically ill newborns at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a specialized hospital.Subjects and Methods. 165 critically ill newborns were examined, and bacteriological tests of blood, feces, and saliva were performed.Results. Positive culture results were obtained in 40 (24%) patients. The most frequent causative agent was S. epidermidis (47.5%). The detection rate of E. faecalis amounted to 15%, S. haemolyticus ‒ 15%, C. albicans – 12.5%, and K. pneumoniae ‒ 10%. Microorganisms were isolated from feces in 70% of cases, from the oral cavity in 62.5%, and from blood in 12.5%. E. faecalis was equally frequent at all three sites (5%).Conclusion. In 76% of patients, no neonatal infectious agent was isolated at admission to ICU of a specialized hospital that is most likely associated with the early administration of antibacterial drugs in the first hours of life of the newborn.

The problem of the non-smooth course of COVID-19 and deaths in children with severe comorbid pathology is urgent. Among all registered cases of a new coronavirus infection in the Russian Federation, children account for up to 8,6%, of which severe forms are noted, as a rule, in patients with concomitant diseases. A clinical observation of the course of a new coronavirus infection in a child with a severe form of idiopathic aplastic anemia complicated by pancytopenia is presented. COVID-19 infection caused a sharp deterioration in the child’s condition. Despite the use of modern methods of therapy, there was a rapid deterioration of clinical and laboratory parameters: an increase in febrility, respiratory failure, interstitial changes in the lungs, a decrease in oxygen saturation to 70%, hemorrhagic, anemic syndromes and multiple organ failure with the development of a fatal outcome. Aplastic anemia is a factor predisposing to the severe course of COVID-19 and contributing to an unfavorable outcome.

Although the World Health Organization has declared the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, doctors continue to register new cases of the disease among both adults and children. Unfortunately, the course of COVID-19 in children can have a severe form, with death being a potential outcome. The absence of published works discussing the pathological morphology of COVID-19 in children prevents the objective analysis of the disease’s pathogenesis, including among the adult population. In this vein, the objective of our study is to identify the morphological features of the lungs’ involvement and evaluate virus–host interactions in the case of COVID-19 in patients at a pediatric medical practice. We present the results of the study of the lungs of three children who died due to COVID-19, highlighting the predominant involvement of their respiratory organs at different stages of the disease (5, 21, and 50 days). This article presents data obtained from histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations, taking into account the results of clinical and laboratory indicators and intravital and postmortem SARS-CoV-2 PCR investigations. The common finding of all of the examined COVID-19 cases is the involvement of the endothelium in microcirculation vessels, which are considered to be a primary target of various pathogenic influencing factors. We also discuss both the significance of apoptosis as a result of virus–host interactions and the most likely cause of endothelium cell destruction. The results of this study could be useful for the development of endothelium-protective therapy to prevent the progression of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome.

Transport of vesicles and organelles inside cells consists of constant-speed bidirectional movement along cytoskeletal filaments interspersed by periods of idling. This transport shows many features of anomalous diffusion. In this paper, we develop a non-Markovian persistent random walk model for intracellular transport that incorporates the removal rate of organelles. The model consists of two active states with different speeds and one resting state. The organelle transitions between states with switching rates that depend on the residence time the organelle spends in each state. The mesoscopic master equations that describe the average densities of intracellular transport in each of the three states are the main results of the paper. We also derive ordinary differential equations for the dynamics for the first and second moments of the organelles’ position along the cell. Furthermore, we analyse models with power-law distributed random times, which reveal the prevalence of the Mittag-Leffler resting state and its contribution to subdiffusive and superdiffusive behaviour. Finally, we demonstrate a non-Markovian non-additivity effect when the switching rates and transport characteristics depend on the rate of organelles removal. The analytical calculations are in good agreement with numerical Monte Carlo simulations. Our results shed light on the dynamics of intracellular transport and emphasise the effects of rest times on the persistence of random walks in complex biological systems.

Computed tomography is associated with high patient doses. CT is actively used for pediatric, however, currently there is no reliable data on the pediatric patient doses in the Russian Federation. The current study presents the data on the anthropometric characteristics of 5, 10 and 15-year-old pediatric patients, as well as the results of a comparative assessment of the effective doses of these patients during CT-examinations of chest, considering their anthropometric data. The effective doses were calculated using three methods: based on the actual guidelines (MU 2.6.1.3584-19) using the age specific conversion coefficients; using the conversion coefficients considered patient body mass and effective diameter; using a specialized software NCICT 3.0. The difference between effective doses according to actual guidelines and considering patient body mass and effective diameter was about 7.1 % (max-65 %). High deviations were observed in patients with abnormally large or abnormally low body mass. Effective doses calculated using NCICT 3.0 were higher compared to doses calculated according to actual guidelines on average by 18 % (max — 53 %). Such differences are explained by the fact that in MU 2.6.1.3584-19 conversion coefficients are presented for the most common CT-scan parameters of protocols, and in NCICT 3.0 the calculation considers individual scan parameters for each patient. The difference between effective doses according to NCICT 3.0 and considering patient body mass and effective diameter was about 32 % (max-70 %). This difference can be explained by the differences in the anthropometric data of some patients, and by the use of different types of phantoms: a stylized phantom (Golikov et al) and a voxel phantom in NCICT 3.0.

Urolithiasis is currently one of the most urgent problems in the world. Every eleventh worldwide inhabitant suffers from this disease. Previously, the only way to get rid of kidney stones and the urinary tract was open surgery, which was characterized by high trauma. Over the past decades, the development of technologies has made a significant contribution to the development of new methods of urolithiasis treatment. One of these methods is extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The first lithotripter Dornier HM-1 was produced in 1980. Subsequent models have got many changes, both in terms of ergonomics and power. The researchers noticed that the efficiency of stone crushing in the Dornier HM-1 lithotripter was higher than in newer models since the lower power provided the less intensive formation of cavitation bubbles that prevent the effective transit of subsequent waves through the stone. Nowadays, a new method of remote stone crushing is being developed based on low-amplitude high-frequency technology combined with ultrasonic propulsion, which is the main difference from traditional shock-wave lithotripters. The new technology of stone crushing is called «burst wave lithotripsy» (BWL). Currently, the data have been obtained that this method is more effective in terms of crushing quality and less traumatic.

Emphasis is placed on the fact that one of the topical and urgent issues of reforming the system of public administration in Ukraine in general and the institution of civil service in particular is to improve the mechanism of stimulating the work of civil servants. It is noted that the approach chosen by the official authorities to improve the effectiveness of incentives for civil servants is limited mainly to the revision of approaches to their remuneration. At the same time, such important elements of the mechanism of stimulating employment, such as guaranteed career growth, protection from administrative pressure and illegal disciplinary action, guaranteed application of incentives and rational organization of the work process, do not receive due attention and development. It is emphasized that one of the problems of improving the incentives for civil servants is the lack of a clear understanding of the nature and objectives of incentives, its relationship with such phenomena as motivation and encouragement of employees. Scientific views on the understanding of the essence and content of work incentives, as well as its relationship with such related phenomena as motivation and encouragement are considered. Attention is paid to the conceptual and legislative principles of stimulating the work of civil servants. The problematic aspects of the legislative regulation of stimulating the work of civil servants are identified, as well as the important conditions, the implementation of which is necessary to ensure effective stimulation of the work of civil servants, are outlined. Attention is paid to the role of professional growth and guaranteed career advancement as important elements of stimulating employment. It is emphasized that the requirements of legality and professional ethics cannot be violated for reasons of ensuring high efficiency and effectiveness of civil servants. Particular attention is paid to strengthening legislative guarantees for incentives for civil servants who have made a significant personal contribution to the activities of the state bodies where they work, to reforming and developing the public administration system in general and the civil service in particular.

Since March 2020, the first reports have appeared about the increasing, almost everywhere, number of children who have undergone a new coronovirus infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 with a symptom complex resembling the manifestations of Kawasaki disease. A special feature of the clinical manifestations of this syndrome, which is called “Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19”, is the high incidence of life-threatening conditions caused by the sharp development of arterial hypotension against the background of cardiogenic or vasogenic shock.In St. Petersburg, since the end of November 2020, there has been a sharp surge in admissions of children to the ICU of various hospitals with the clinic of Pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, who have laboratory confirmation of the transferred COVID-19.The purpose of this article is to attract the attention of doctors of various profiles, to combine efforts to study this pathology, to determine the criteria for verifying the diagnosis, optimal treatment regimens and dispensary monitoring of patients who have been ill.

Polymer film capacitors are widely used in modern power equipment, because of excellent volumetric characteristics in combination with high-voltage application ability. Using segmented electrodes of nanometer thickness increased the capacitor’s performance and reliability because of the self-healing feature. In this paper, we present the results of the experimental investigation and numerical simulation of electrothermal destruction of the metallized film capacitors segmented electrodes during the self-healing process. The destruction processes were investigated for both a single gate and single segment, comprising four parallel gates connected to the segment. The numerical simulation was conducted by means of COMSOL Multiphysics software. The model takes into account the heat flow from metal layer to polymer film since it has significant influence on the destruction process. Based on a good agreement of experimental and numerical results, the simulation model was proposed for the real metallized film capacitor segmented electrodes design. The model allows evaluating the single segment isolating time during self-healing, the energy required for the isolating, effective value of segmented electrodes surface resistance.

In Russia, Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) takes the leading place among all natural focal infections, the incidence rate in 2018 was 3,99 per 100 thousand population. In the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, HFRS occurs much less frequently – 1,46 cases per 100 thousand population. The disease is more susceptible to men aged 16–50 years, children rarely get sick. In 2019, 73 cases of HFRS (1,36 per 100 thousand population) were registered in St. Petersburg, among them only 2 episodes – in children under 18 years of age. A clinical case of HFRS in a child aged 1 year and 8 months is presented. The diagnosis was established on the basis of clinical and epidemiological data (acute onset of the disease, the presence of fever, thrombohemorrhagic syndrome, oliguria, anuria, information on cases of HFRS at the place of residence of the child) and laboratory data (detection of specific IgM antibodies to the Hantaan virus) in the later stages of the disease. The described case should alert pediatricians regarding possible natural focal diseases, including HFRS. A thorough analysis of the anamnestic, epidemiological and clinical data of the patient will help in the early stages of the disease to suggest a diagnosis, conduct laboratory diagnostics and prescribe appropriate therapy.

Recently collated scientific data on the management of C1 clinical class of chronic venous disorders; wide prevalence of the disease and high variability amongst medical practitioners in relation to managing this category of patients and absence of any regulatory documents has prompted the development of clinical guidelines for the treatment of patients with reticular varicose veins and telangiectasias of the lower extremities and various parts of the body. These guidelines have been developed by a self-regulated organization Association “The National College of Phlebology”. The purpose of the de novo guidelines is to systematize the existing evidence and offer minimal standards of care for chronic venous disorders in C1 patients.

The article gives an overview, performs analysis and classification of successful managerial practices applied at Russian industrial enterprises in the framework of the national project “Labour productivity and employment support”. The paper emphasizes the main factors of labour productivity growth as follows: investment policy, growth of human capital, and efficient use of managerial capital of enterprise. In order to determine the need of enterprises to increase labour productivity, the author proposes four universal criteria that signal the existing inefficiency even before the loss of competitiveness: 1) the dynamics of labour productivity in the company is not positive during a given period; 2) the company is behind competitors by labour productivity indicator; 3) the company is behind competitors by labour productivity growth rates indicator for a certain period; 4) unit production costs rise. These criteria allow you to take into account the situation both within the enterprise and in comparison with other enterprises. Each criteria can be considered separately or in combination with the others, applied to enterprises of different industries, specialization, and scale. Criteria indicate the direction of development in which the company is experiencing difficulties at the moment, or may experience them in the future.

Objective: to evaluate the intensity of measles immunity in students of I–VI courses of the pediatric faculty of St. Petersburg State Medical University.Materials and methods: titers of antibodies to measles virus were determined in 986 students of I–VI courses in May –June 2019. The level of measles antibodies was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: positive (protective) titres of measles antibodies were detected in 555 people. (56.4%), the absence of measles immunity was found in 431 people. (43.6%), including 57 people. (5.8%) specific antibodies were not detected. The relationship between the level of collective immunity and the duration of the period after the last vaccination against measles was revealed.Conclusions: in the majority of examined students (96.2%), protective titers of measles antibodies remained for 10 years after the last vaccination. Subsequently, a significant decrease in the level of measles antibodies was noted. All students who do not have a protective IgG titer are shown measles vaccination with live measles vaccine in accordance with the instructions for use.

Slowdown in global economic growth and in productivity growth complicates socio-economic development of Russia and other countries. Raising income inequalities and their continued stagnation lead to an increase in economic, social, and political tensions in society. Automation and robotization of production processes stimulate uncertainty increase in the labour market. Labour productivity improvement at both micro- and macroeconomic levels is the factor of intensive economic growth, which is caused by the improvement of efficiency of use of available resources. Results of the implementation of the Russian national project “Labour productivity and employment support” show that the key part of successful innovations is related to the transformation of organizational culture of enterprise. Specifically, through reorganization of working space of employees and their working hours, reduction in the share of “unnecessary” actions and movements of workers, improvement of self-organization skills, and focus on long-term development.The article concludes that labour productivity management includes management of organizational culture of enterprise. Labour productivity management model has been presented, consisting of three phases: diagnostics, development, and implementation. Each phase involves a sequence of actions, gradually leading to its realization. The model is cyclic and can be repeated unlimited number of times. Use of the model allows you to structure the process of labour productivity improvement, determine the optimal set of resources for its realization, monitor its realization, and make timely adjustments. Specification of system elements of the model has been presented, including: goal, functions, principles of effective functioning of the model, informational support, human resources and organizational structure, methods and tools. The criteria for the following results of using the model: effective, limitedly effective, and ineffective have been defined. The model for use to enterprises of any scale and specification that intend to make organizational changes in order to improve labour productivity has been recommended.

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has revised guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.

Socio-economic development of Russia involves active scientific and technological development that stimulates economic growth. State priority is given to areas of scientific and technological development, which stimulate innovative development of the domestic market and strengthen Russia’s position in the international arena. Scientific and technological development may face a number of administrative, technological and institutional threats, levelling of which is possible through the creation of conditions, leading to an increase in labor productivity. The mechanisms of labor productivity increase, distributed according to the following factors of labor productivity growth, have been presented in the article, such as: material and technical, organizational and economic, socio-psychological, natural, socio-economic. The developed mechanisms of labor productivity increase take into account modern level of scientific and technological development and seem useful both in creating the policy of labor productivity increase in the framework of an individual enterprise, and in the development and implementation of state economic policy and national projects.

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has developed guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.

Improvement of patients` knowledge about their disease is an important part of management of chronic diseases. One of the effective methods to increase the level of medical education of the population is to hold regular meetings with patients within the framework of «schools for patients». Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases (3.5‒9.6% of the population). In addition to its high prevalence, Urolithiasis has a high recurrence rate (50‒75% over 5‒10 years). The most common prostate diseases are prostatitis, benign hyperplasia, and cancer. These diseases have a chronic course and require а long-term observation. Treatment of urolithiasis and prostatic diseases is one of the priority fields for the urology department of the Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University. In addition to surgical treatment, the specialists of urology department take measures aimed at prevention of recurrence and complications of these diseases. Schools for patients with urolithiasis and prostate diseases are held every 3 months. The topics for discussion are chosen by the patients themselves. In addition to reports, patients undergo ultrasound of the kidneys, bladder and prostate, as well as consultations. Participation in schools of patients creates a conscious attitude to their disease, increases adherence to treatment and improves the prognosis of the disease. The distribution of such programs corresponds to the modern concept of preventive medicine and increases the efficiency of providing medical care to the population.

Improving the quality of hydrometeorological products and services for different categories of end users today is the most important task of the Hydrometeorological Service of Ukraine. Implementation of these measures involves a widespread use of modern technologies of hydrometeorological measurements as well as information and computing technologies such as Internet of Things, Big Data, Cloud Computing. The paper studies the current state and prospects of Internet of Things (IoT) application in hydrometeorological activities, particularly, in the work of hydrometeorological organizations of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine, in order to improve the quality of hydrometeorological products and services. Emergence of IoT became a new step in Internet and Web technologies use and ensured transition from static network to dynamic array of devices of all types and sizes employing electronics, software, sensors and network connectivity. It offers recommendations for intensifying the efforts aimed at implementation of this promising information technology into routine instrumental measurements, data collection and processing, as well as delivery of services to users. The recommendations present solutions to a number of technological, organizational and legal problems. Transition to a new technology should be carried out in stages and in the course of sensors and devices improvement, increase of speed and a reliability of communication channels. The most optimum solution may include a program-target approach based on a comprehensive program of development of the Hydrometeorological Service for the period of up to 5 years. This approach will make it possible to consider development of information technologies in a close relation with development of other activities of the Hydrometeorological Service: technical re-equipment of observation networks, improvement of the Hydrometeorological Service management as a whole and with regard to its separate units; strengthening its material and technical base, personnel potential etc.

Abstract Heterogeneous Pd‐containing nanocatalysts, based on poly (propylene imine) dendrimers immobilized in silica pores and networks, obtained by co‐hydrolysis in situ, have been synthesized and examined in the hydrogenation of various unsaturated compounds. The catalyst activity and selectivity were found to strongly depend on the carrier structure as well as on the substrate electron and geometric features. Thus, mesoporous catalyst, synthesized in presence of both polymeric template and tetraethoxysilane, revealed the maximum activity in the hydrogenation of various styrenes, including bulky and rigid stilbene and its isomers, reaching TOF values of about 230000 h−1. Other mesoporous catalyst, synthesized in the presence of polymeric template, but without addition of Si(OEt)4, provided the trans‐cyclooctene formation with the selectivity of 90–95 %, appearing as similar to homogeneous dendrimer‐based catalysts. Microporous catalyst, obtained only on the presence of Si(OEt)4, while dendrimer molecules acting as both anchored ligands and template, demonstrated the maximum activity in the hydrogenation of terminal linear alkynes and conjugated dienes, reaching TOF values up to 400000 h−1. Herein the total selectivity on alkene in the case of terminal alkynes and conjugated dienes reached 95–99 % even at hydrogen pressure of 30 atm. The catalysts synthesized can be easily isolated from reaction products and recycled without significant loss of activity.