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The purpose of this paper is to compare the results of immunological tests (tests with recombinant allergen TB in standard dilution (RAT) and the Mantoux tuberculin test) in children at risk of developing tuberculosis in Tomsk Region. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 1204 outpatient medical records of children and adolescents at the age from 1 to 16 was performed. Results. When two tests are carried out at the same time (skin test with RAT (Diaskin-test) and Mantoux tuberculin test), the proportion of positive reactions to tuberculin was 92,4%, including 6,6% of hyperergic reactions, while there were 6,0% of positive reactions to RAT, including 3,2% of hyperergic reactions. The biggest number of positive reactions to RAT was recorded among children with severe and hyperergic tuberculin sensitivity (28,7%) and children from tuberculosis prevalence areas (17,5%). The lowest number of positive reactions to RAT was recorded among children with conversion of tubercular tests and children with latent TB infection (LTBI) – 2,8% and 1,5% respectively. Conclusions. The results of skin tests with RAT as compared to the tests with tuberculin are different. When there is a conversion of tubercular test the positive reaction to Diaskintest was detected only in a few cases (2,8% of cases) as compared to prevailing (in 96,4% of cases) positive reaction to tuberculin; in children with severe and hyperergic results the tuberculin reaction to RAT was the same in every third child (28,7%); in children with increasing sensitivity to tuberculin the immunological response during Diaskintest was detected in 4,7% of cases. More often local forms of tuberculosis were detected among children with hyperergic reactions to skin tests with RAT (12 of 38 children, 31,6%), χ2 = 306,3; p

Since 2013 physics of TPU and oncologists from the TCRI with participation of the “ConMet” company (Moscow) and the “Sintel” company (Tomsk Special Economic Zone resident) have been working on the theme entitled “Development of the composite implants for reconstructive surgery of a craniofacial areas of the traumatological and oncological patients” supported with the Federal Program ”R&D, part 1.3”. The goal was to develop the maxillo-facial implants on the basis of the transformable titanium mesh with PLA & hydroxyapatite coating. According to the Contract No. 14.578.21.0031, the team of developers had to start supplying these advanced implants to the industrial partners up to 2017. This research was supported with the preliminary market researches by the ISPMS SB RAS and the TP “MF”. The stages of preliminary market researches were: 1) research of the Worldwide CMF market; 2) forecasting the BRIC CMF market up to 2020; 3) the total Russian market (epidemiology) estimation as a sum of official calculations and statistics; 4) looking for the best foreign analogue prices, comparing their and our implant properties; 5) search for the best Russian analogues; 6) the investigation of the world patent databaseEspacenet for the last years, and finding the owners and applicants of patents of CMF osteosynthesis plates on the basis of titanium coated with PLA & hydroxyapatite; 7) comparison of the domestic implants, and making conclusions. Several variants of the meshes have got the equal quality with the best foreign and Russian implants. The closest analogues were titanium, polyethylene, PEEK composite meshes suited to the patient shape by the Synthes company in 2014, and the only hybrid titanium "Grey" implant with layers of gelatin, dextran, collagen, HAP & BMP-2 was found. This implant was produced by Russian institution, and it was mentioned in the report on clinical trials by L.A. Pavlova et al., 2014 [1]. There are no manufacturers of the coated implants in Russia. The average price of the similar foreign implants varies from 12 up to 40

The results of the first Russian study of polymorphisms of tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility genes SLC11A1, VDR, IL12B, IL1B, IL1RN in Tuvinians from Tuva Republic and Russians from Tomsk city are presented. In Tuvinians, as compared with Russians, the significantly higher prevalence of potentially disease-associated alleles of the genes studied was shown: SLC11A1*543N (0.139 and 0.043, respectively, p = 4.6E-5), IL12B*1188C (0.378 and 0.174, respectively, p = 1.1E-8), VDR*b (0.825 and 0.532, respectively, p = 3.2E-16), IL1B*(+3953A1) (0.865 and 0.806, respectively, p = 0.035). However, no one of these alleles was associated with TB in Tuvinians, whereas, in Russians TB patients, in comparison with the controls, there was a higher prevalence of the following markers: IL1RN*A2 (0.258 and 0.186, respectively, p = 0.024), SLC11A1*274T (0.251 and 0.164, respectively, p = 0.009), IL12B*1188C (0.240 and 0.174, respectively, p = 0.044), ILIB*(+3953A2) (0.259 and 0.194, respectively, p = 0.044). Distinct patterns of linkage disequilibrium between pairs of the polymorphisms studied in Tuvinians and Russians were shown. At whole, the data obtained demonstrate the ethnic specificity of the distribution and pathogenetic significance of the alleles of the TB susceptibility genes.

summary Objectives: Atypical familial mycobacteriosis (AFM, OMIM #209950) is caused by mutations in genes regulating IL12/IFNG pathway. Some of the mutations exhibit incomplete penetrance, and they have been proposed to be involved in the common (polygenic) predisposition to tuberculosis (TB). We set out to test this hypothesis in two populations from Siberian region of Russia with high prevalence of TB. Material and methods: The prevalence of twelve mutations in IL12/IFNG pathway genes of were analysed in 331 Russians and 238 Tuvinians TB patients and in 279 healthy Russians and 265 healthy Tuvinians. A screening for new mutations and rare polymorphisms was carried out in 10 children with severe generalized TB and severe BCG-vaccine complications using Sanger's bidirectional sequencing. Results: Twelve mutations most commonly identified in AFM patients appeared to be “wild-type” monomorphic in the studied groups. No new mutations or rare polymorphisms were identified by sequencing. However, 15 common single nucleotide polymorphisms were found, none of which was associated with TB after correction for multiple testing. Conclusion: The results of the study contradict with a hypothesis that mutations underlying AFM syndrome are involved in the predisposition to TB.

The 469+14 G/C (INT4), 1465-85 G/A, and C274T polymorphisms of NRAMP1 and the A/C polymorphism of IL12 3"UTR were analyzed in ethnic Russians with (N = 58) or without (N = 127) tuberculosis (TB) from Tomsk. On evidence of allele and genotype frequencies, none of the polymorphisms was associated with TB. In the healthy controls, the three NRAMP1 polymorphisms were in linkage disequilibrium with each other (p < 0.001) but not with the IL12 polymorphism. Still the four polymorphisms are potentially informative as concerns their association with TB.

gene andtuberculosis and salmonellosis in Russians. Both case-control and family-based association studies data suggestthat this gene variant is a risk factor of common suscepti-bility to infection due to intracellular bacteria.Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is the key cytokine of Th1-mediated immunity in humans. It is secreted by antigen-presenting dendritic cells and phagocytes and activatesCD4+ T cells to differentiate to Th1, IFN- γ-secreting cells,associated with cellular immune responses. IL-12 plays acrucial role in immunity to intracellular bacteria, such as