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This qualitative study examined the interplay between teacher facilitation, children's uptake of vocabulary and reasoning strategies, and the roles children assumed as learners as they experienced instruction grounded in Connected Teaching and Learning ([CTL] an interdisciplinary instructional framework that leverages key practices from culturally responsive pedagogies and meaningful use of multimodal text sets. Analyses suggest (1) students assumed more active roles in their learning as they "enacted" the work of scientists and (2) varied teacher facilitation practices and children's vocabulary and reasoning uptake were key factors in children's shift to more active roles. Although findings suggest CTL is a promising instructional framework, findings also underscore the significance of how teachers act on the instructional framework.

Science texts tend to privilege the voices, perspectives, and practices of White males (e.g., Ford, 2006), reinforcing widely-held perceptions of scientists as White men. This narrow portrayal of who "does science" discourages BIPOC or female students from building a science identity (Archer et al., 2015), with many such students also viewing science as difficult or undesirable (Brickhouse et al., 2000). We argue that intentional positioning of science text written by or about BIPOC or female figures in science and literacy instruction not only helps all students develop science and literacy skills and knowledge, but leads to more expansive views of who "does science" and fosters students' science identities. Our purpose in this article is to help teachers identify and incorporate expansive informational texts and position these texts within sound science and literacy instruction. We draw from the Next Generation Science Standards to describe ways to develop students' science identities and then provide teachers guidance for selecting and intentionally positioning expansive science texts in their instruction, with examples of text sets that teachers can use in their classrooms.

The research-to-practice gap is a well-known phenomenon. The adoption of evidence into clinical practice needs to consider the complexity of the health care system and a multitude of contextual issues. Research evidence is usually a form of extrinsic motivation for practice change, but works best when it aligns with the intrinsic values of the system and the people in it. Health professionals tend to refer to internal, local policies, information sources and procedures more than external academic research evidence. This protocol paper describes a mixed-methods study with a quasi-experimental design that seeks to investigate how involvement in research might impact the uptake or implementation of recommendations arising from that research. Research evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of mobilisation alarms for falls prevention will be disseminated at 36 hospital wards in Victoria, Australia. Eighteen of these wards will be sites where this research evidence was generated; another 18 wards will not have been involved in evidence generation. The uptake of research evidence will be measured across three time points using quantitative and qualitative data. Trial registration: This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12621000823875p. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Importance: The frequency and characteristics of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) may vary by SARS-CoV-2 variant. Objective: To characterize PASC-related conditions among individuals likely infected by the ancestral strain in 2020 and individuals likely infected by the Delta variant in 2021. Design: Retrospective cohort study of electronic medical record data for approximately 27 million patients from March 1, 2020-November 30, 2021. Setting: Healthcare facilities in New York and Florida. Participants: Patients who were at least 20 years old and had diagnosis codes that included at least one SARS-CoV-2 viral test during the study period. Exposure: Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection, classified by the most common variant prevalent in those regions at the time. Main outcome(s) and measure(s): Relative risk (estimated by adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]) and absolute risk difference (estimated by adjusted excess burden) of new conditions, defined as new documentation of symptoms or diagnoses, in persons between 31–180 days after a positive COVID-19 test compared to persons without a COVID-19 test or diagnosis during the 31–180 days after the last negative test. Results: We analyzed data from 560,752 patients. The median age was 57 years; 60.3% were female, 20.0% non-Hispanic Black, and 19.6% Hispanic. During the study period, 57,616 patients had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test; 503,136 did not. For infections during the ancestral strain period, pulmonary fibrosis, edema (excess fluid), and inflammation had the largest aHR, comparing those with a positive test to those without a COVID-19 test or diagnosis (aHR 2.32 [95% CI 2.09 2.57]), and dyspnea (shortness of breath) carried the largest excess burden (47.6 more cases per 1,000 persons). For infections during the Delta period, pulmonary embolism had the largest aHR comparing those with a positive test to a negative test (aHR 2.18 [95% CI 1.57, 3.01]), and abdominal pain carried the largest excess burden (85.3 more cases per 1,000 persons). Conclusions and relevance: We documented a substantial relative risk of pulmonary embolism and a large absolute risk difference of abdomen-related symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Delta variant period. As new SARS-CoV-2 variants emerge, researchers and clinicians should monitor patients for changing symptoms and conditions that develop after infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

1 | INTRODUCTION Despite a significant reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT), an estimated 180,000 children were infected with HIV in 2017, and only 52% (44% to 73%) of [...], Introduction: Despite a significant reduction in mother-to-child transmission of HIV, an estimated 180,000 children were infected with HIV in 2017, and only 52% of children under 15 years of age living with HIV (CLHIV) are on life-saving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Without effective treatment, half of CLHIV die before the age of two years and only one in five survives to five years of age. Discussion: Over the past four years, the United States Food and Drug Administration tentatively approved new formulations of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) in the form of oral pellets and oral granules. However, the slow uptake of the aforementioned formulations in the low- and middle-income countries with the highest paediatric HIV burden is largely due to three challenges: limited manufacturing capacity; current unit cost of the pellets and granules; and slow uptake of these new formulations by policy makers and health care workers. Conclusions: Solutions to overcome these barriers include ensuring availability of an adequate supply of LPV/r oral pellets and oral granules, considering all programmatic and clinical factors when selecting paediatric ART formulations, and leveraging current resources to decrease paediatric HIV morbidity and mortality. Keywords: lopinavir/ritonavir; HIV infections; children; infants; protease inhibitor; antiretroviral therapy; optimal regimens

This mixed-methods observational pilot study compared clinician-supervisor and student satisfaction (surveys and semi-structured interviews), and final placement scores for two different physiotherapy clinical placement models: hybrid (half-onsite, half-remote) and traditional (onsite). All supervisors and students involved were invited to participate; ten supervisors and seven students completed the survey, and nine supervisors and one student participated in interviews. Qualitative data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Students and supervisors reported similar levels of satisfaction for either model. Supervisors reported some reservations and higher workloads with the hybrid model. The interviews identified three themes for satisfying placements: it is structure, not location that matters; managing competing demands on clinician-supervisors; and learning requires psychologically safe relationships. Final scores for both placement models were comparable. This pilot study with a small sample found the hybrid model was acceptable and achieved comparable outcomes to the traditional model. Remote structured learning has potential to innovate and support sustainable clinical placements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic review was conducted to describe, and evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of, intermediary services to support people with a disability to implement individualized funding plans. We included six records, including one subanalysis of randomized trial data, three qualitative studies, and two systematic reviews (reporting on 73 and 18 studies, respectively). No studies directly compared "consumer-directed plan plus intermediary services" to "consumer-directed plan with no/alternative intermediary," so effectiveness of these interventions is uncertain. There is qualitative evidence from the perspective of disability planners and workers that intermediary interventions are important enablers of successful plan implementation. There is also qualitative evidence from consumer and family perspectives that external support is required to successfully navigate self-directed systems and that strong, trusting, and collaborative relationships with both paid and unpaid individuals in the person's support network were facilitators of successful plan implementation. There was evidence of disabling practices and attitudes among some support agencies, resulting in coordinators being very risk averse in order to safeguard their clients. Suggestions for future research include carefully planned and ethically robust comparative trial designs, clear description and consistent delivery of interventions, and long-term evaluation of impact. The protocol was published on PROSPERO (CRD42020177607). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Implementing evidence into clinical practice is a key focus of healthcare improvements to reduce unwarranted variation. Dissemination of evidence-based recommendations and knowledge brokering have emerged as potential strategies to achieve evidence implementation by influencing resource allocation decisions. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of these 2 research implementation strategies to facilitate evidence-informed healthcare management decisions for the provision of inpatient weekend allied health services. Methods and findings This multicentre, single-blinded (data collection and analysis), 3-group parallel cluster randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation was conducted in Australian and New Zealand hospitals between February 2018 and January 2020. Clustering and randomisation took place at the organisation level where weekend allied health staffing decisions were made (e.g., network of hospitals or single hospital). Hospital wards were nested within these decision-making structures. Three conditions were compared over a 12-month period: (1) usual practice waitlist control; (2) dissemination of written evidence-based practice recommendations; and (3) access to a webinar-based knowledge broker in addition to the recommendations. The primary outcome was the alignment of weekend allied health provision with practice recommendations at the cluster and ward levels, addressing the adoption, penetration, and fidelity to the recommendations. The secondary outcome was mean hospital length of stay at the ward level. Outcomes were collected at baseline and 12 months later. A total of 45 clusters (n = 833 wards) were randomised to either control (n = 15), recommendation (n = 16), or knowledge broker (n = 14) conditions. Four (9%) did not provide follow-up data, and no adverse events were recorded. No significant effect was found with either implementation strategy for the primary outcome at the cluster level (recommendation versus control [beta] 18.11 [95% CI -8,721.81 to 8,758.02] p = 0.997; knowledge broker versus control [beta] 1.24 [95% CI -6,992.60 to 6,995.07] p = 1.000; recommendation versus knowledge broker [beta] -9.12 [95% CI -3,878.39 to 3,860.16] p = 0.996) or ward level (recommendation versus control [beta] 0.01 [95% CI 0.74 to 0.75] p = 0.983; knowledge broker versus control [beta] -0.12 [95% CI -0.54 to 0.30] p = 0.581; recommendation versus knowledge broker [beta] -0.19 [-1.04 to 0.65] p = 0.651). There was no significant effect between strategies for the secondary outcome at ward level (recommendation versus control [beta] 2.19 [95% CI -1.36 to 5.74] p = 0.219; knowledge broker versus control [beta] -0.55 [95% CI -1.16 to 0.06] p = 0.075; recommendation versus knowledge broker [beta] -3.75 [95% CI -8.33 to 0.82] p = 0.102). None of the control or knowledge broker clusters transitioned to partial or full alignment with the recommendations. Three (20%) of the clusters who only received the written recommendations transitioned from nonalignment to partial alignment. Limitations include underpowering at the cluster level sample due to the grouping of multiple geographically distinct hospitals to avoid contamination. Conclusions Owing to a lack of power at the cluster level, this trial was unable to identify a difference between the knowledge broker strategy and dissemination of recommendations compared with usual practice for the promotion of evidence-informed resource allocation to inpatient weekend allied health services. Future research is needed to determine the interactions between different implementation strategies and healthcare contexts when translating evidence into healthcare practice. Trial registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12618000029291., Author(s): Mitchell N. Sarkies 1,2,3,*, Lauren M. Robins 3, Megan Jepson 3, Cylie M. Williams 3, Nicholas F. Taylor 4,5, Lisa O'Brien 6, Jenny Martin 7, Anne Bardoel 8, Meg [...]