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1. Vulnerability of mineral-associated soil organic carbon to climate across global drylands

Author

Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Maestre, Fernando T., Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Eldridge, David J., Saiz, Hugo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Gozalo, Beatriz, Ochoa, Victoria, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Asensio, Sergio, Berdugo, Miguel, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Mendoza, Betty J., García-Gil, Juan C., Zaccone, Claudio, Panettieri, Marco, García-Palacios, Pablo, Fan, Wei, Benavente-Ferraces, Iria, Rey, Ana, Eisenhauer, Nico, Cesarz, Simone, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Aramayo, Valeria, Arroyo, Antonio I., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Ben Salem, Farah, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew A., Bran, Donaldo, Branquinho, Cristina, Bu, Chongfeng, Cáceres, Yonatan, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel A., Currier, Courtney M., Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Deák, Balázs, Dickman, Christopher R., Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew J., Durán, Jorge, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Ferrante, Daniela, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan J., Gusman Montalván, Elizabeth, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., von Hessberg, Andreas, Hölzel, Norbert, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, Hughes, Frederic M., Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, Geissler, Katja, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Kindermann, Liana, Koopman, Jessica E., Le Roux, Peter C., Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Liu, Jushan, Louw, Michelle A., Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, Margerie, Pierre, Mazaneda, Antonio J., McClaran, Mitchel P., Messeder, João Vitor S., Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth M., Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pueyo, Yolanda, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, Reed, Sasha C., Reyes, Victor M., Rodríguez, Alexandra, Ruppert, Jan C., Sala, Osvaldo, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Julius, Sloan, Michael, Solongo, Shijirbaatar, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton R. A., Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew D., Throop, Heather L., Tielbörger, Katja, Travers, Samantha, Val, James, Valko, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zeberio, Juan M., Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Plaza, César

Published
2024
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2. Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author

Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, Osvaldo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Saiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Gozalo, Beatriz, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew, Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel Augusto, Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew David, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Ivan, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan, Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández, Rosa Mary, Hölzel, Norbert, Hughes, Frederic Mendes, Jadan, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Louw, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Emiliano Quiroga, R., Reed, Sasha, Rey, Ana, Rey, Pedro, Gómez, Víctor Manuel Reyes, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan Christian, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew David, Tielbörger, Katja, Robles, Silvia Torres, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Maestre, Fernando T.

Published
2024
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3. Author Correction: Hotspots of biogeochemical activity linked to aridity and plant traits across global drylands

Author

Eldridge, David J., Ding, Jingyi, Dorrough, Josh, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Sala, Osvaldo, Gross, Nicolas, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, Mallen-Cooper, Max, Saiz, Hugo, Asensio, Sergio, Ochoa, Victoria, Gozalo, Beatriz, Guirado, Emilio, García-Gómez, Miguel, Valencia, Enrique, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, Plaza, César, Abedi, Mehdi, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., Alcántara, Julio M., Amghar, Fateh, Azevedo, Luísa, Ben Salem, Farah, Berdugo, Miguel, Blaum, Niels, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, Bowker, Matthew, Bran, Donaldo, Bu, Chongfeng, Canessa, Rafaella, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., Castro, Ignacio, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, Cesarz, Simone, Chibani, Roukaya, Conceição, Abel Augusto, Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, Davila, Yvonne C., Deák, Balázs, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Donoso, David A., Dougill, Andrew David, Durán, Jorge, Eisenhauer, Nico, Ejtehadi, Hamid, Espinosa, Carlos Ivan, Fajardo, Alex, Farzam, Mohammad, Foronda, Ana, Franzese, Jorgelina, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Gaitán, Juan, Geissler, Katja, Gonzalez, Sofía Laura, Gusman-Montalvan, Elizabeth, Hernández, Rosa Mary, Hölzel, Norbert, Hughes, Frederic Mendes, Jadan, Oswaldo, Jentsch, Anke, Ju, Mengchen, Kaseke, Kudzai F., Köbel, Melanie, Lehmann, Anika, Liancourt, Pierre, Linstädter, Anja, Louw, Michelle A., Ma, Quanhui, Mabaso, Mancha, Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., Issa, Oumarou Malam, Marais, Eugene, McClaran, Mitchel, Mendoza, Betty, Mokoka, Vincent, Mora, Juan P., Moreno, Gerardo, Munson, Seth, Nunes, Alice, Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Osborne, Brooke, Peter, Guadalupe, Pierre, Margerie, Pueyo, Yolanda, Emiliano Quiroga, R., Reed, Sasha, Rey, Ana, Rey, Pedro, Gómez, Víctor Manuel Reyes, Rolo, Víctor, Rillig, Matthias C., le Roux, Peter C., Ruppert, Jan Christian, Salah, Ayman, Sebei, Phokgedi Julius, Sharkhuu, Anarmaa, Stavi, Ilan, Stephens, Colton, Teixido, Alberto L., Thomas, Andrew David, Tielbörger, Katja, Robles, Silvia Torres, Travers, Samantha, Valkó, Orsolya, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Velbert, Frederike, von Heßberg, Andreas, Wamiti, Wanyoike, Wang, Deli, Wang, Lixin, Wardle, Glenda M., Yahdjian, Laura, Zaady, Eli, Zhang, Yuanming, Zhou, Xiaobing, and Maestre, Fernando T.

Published
2024
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6. Richness, not evenness, varies across water availability gradients in grassy biomes on five continents

Author

Smith, Melinda D., Koerner, Sally E., Avolio, Meghan L., Komatsu, Kimberly J., Eby, Stephanie, Forrestel, Elisabeth J., Collins, Scott L., Wilcox, Kevin R., Ahumada, Rodrigo, Morgan, John W., Oliva, Gabriel, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Overbeck, Gerhard E., Peter, Guadalupe, Quiroga, Emiliano, Sankaran, Mahesh, Wu, Jianshuang, Yahdjian, Laura, and Yu, Qiang

Published
2022
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9. Extreme drought impacts have been underestimated in grasslands and shrublands globally

Author

Smith, Melinda D., primary, Wilkins, Kate D., additional, Holdrege, Martin C., additional, Wilfahrt, Peter, additional, Collins, Scott L., additional, Knapp, Alan K., additional, Sala, Osvaldo E., additional, Dukes, Jeffrey S., additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Gherardi, Laureano A., additional, Ohlert, Timothy, additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Fraser, Lauchlan H., additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Loik, Michael E., additional, Maestre, Fernando T., additional, Power, Sally A., additional, Yu, Qiang, additional, Felton, Andrew J., additional, Munson, Seth M., additional, Luo, Yiqi, additional, Abdoli, Hamed, additional, Abedi, Mehdi, additional, Alados, Concepción L., additional, Alberti, Juan, additional, Alon, Moshe, additional, An, Hui, additional, Anacker, Brian, additional, Anderson, Maggie, additional, Auge, Harald, additional, Bachle, Seton, additional, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, additional, Bahn, Michael, additional, Batbaatar, Amgaa, additional, Bauerle, Taryn, additional, Beard, Karen H., additional, Behn, Kai, additional, Beil, Ilka, additional, Biancari, Lucio, additional, Blindow, Irmgard, additional, Bondaruk, Viviana Florencia, additional, Borer, Elizabeth T., additional, Bork, Edward W., additional, Bruschetti, Carlos Martin, additional, Byrne, Kerry M., additional, Cahill Jr., James F., additional, Calvo, Dianela A., additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Cardoni, Augusto, additional, Carlyle, Cameron N., additional, Castillo-Garcia, Miguel, additional, Chang, Scott X., additional, Chieppa, Jeff, additional, Cianciaruso, Marcus V., additional, Cohen, Ofer, additional, Cordeiro, Amanda L., additional, Cusack, Daniela F., additional, Dahlke, Sven, additional, Daleo, Pedro, additional, D'Antonio, Carla M., additional, Dietterich, Lee H., additional, S. Doherty, Tim, additional, Dubbert, Maren, additional, Ebeling, Anne, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Fischer, Felícia M., additional, Forte, T'ai G. W., additional, Gebauer, Tobias, additional, Gozalo, Beatriz, additional, Greenville, Aaron C., additional, Guidoni-Martins, Karlo G., additional, Hannusch, Heather J., additional, Vatsø Haugum, Siri, additional, Hautier, Yann, additional, Hefting, Mariet, additional, Henry, Hugh A. L., additional, Hoss, Daniela, additional, Ingrisch, Johannes, additional, Iribarne, Oscar, additional, Isbell, Forest, additional, Johnson, Yari, additional, Jordan, Samuel, additional, Kelly, Eugene F., additional, Kimmel, Kaitlin, additional, Kreyling, Juergen, additional, Kröel-Dulay, György, additional, Kröpfl, Alicia, additional, Kübert, Angelika, additional, Kulmatiski, Andrew, additional, Lamb, Eric G., additional, Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, additional, Larson, Julie, additional, Lawson, Jason, additional, Leder, Cintia V., additional, Linstädter, Anja, additional, Liu, Jielin, additional, Liu, Shirong, additional, Lodge, Alexandra G., additional, Longo, Grisel, additional, Loydi, Alejandro, additional, Luan, Junwei, additional, Curtis Lubbe, Frederick, additional, Macfarlane, Craig, additional, Mackie-Haas, Kathleen, additional, Malyshev, Andrey V., additional, Maturano-Ruiz, Adrián, additional, Merchant, Thomas, additional, Metcalfe, Daniel B., additional, Mori, Akira S., additional, Mudongo, Edwin, additional, Newman, Gregory S., additional, Nielsen, Uffe N., additional, Nimmo, Dale, additional, Niu, Yujie, additional, Nobre, Paola, additional, O'Connor, Rory C., additional, Ogaya, Romà, additional, Oñatibia, Gastón R., additional, Orbán, Ildikó, additional, Osborne, Brooke, additional, Otfinowski, Rafael, additional, Pärtel, Meelis, additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Peri, Pablo L., additional, Peter, Guadalupe, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Picon-Cochard, Catherine, additional, Pillar, Valério D., additional, Piñeiro-Guerra, Juan Manuel, additional, Ploughe, Laura W., additional, Plowes, Robert M., additional, Portales-Reyes, Cristy, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Pueyo, Yolanda, additional, Reed, Sasha C., additional, Ritchie, Euan G., additional, Rodríguez, Dana Aylén, additional, Rogers, William E., additional, Roscher, Christiane, additional, Sánchez, Ana M., additional, Santos, Bráulio A., additional, Cecilia Scarfó, María, additional, Seabloom, Eric W., additional, Shi, Baoku, additional, Souza, Lara, additional, Stampfli, Andreas, additional, Standish, Rachel J., additional, Sternberg, Marcelo, additional, Sun, Wei, additional, Sünnemann, Marie, additional, Tedder, Michelle, additional, Thorvaldsen, Pål, additional, Tian, Dashuan, additional, Tielbörger, Katja, additional, Valdecantos, Alejandro, additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Vankoughnett, Mathew R., additional, Guri Velle, Liv, additional, Wang, Changhui, additional, Wang, Yi, additional, Wardle, Glenda M., additional, Werner, Christiane, additional, Wei, Cunzheng, additional, Wiehl, Georg, additional, Williams, Jennifer L., additional, Wolf, Amelia A., additional, Zeiter, Michaela, additional, Zhang, Fawei, additional, Zhu, Juntao, additional, Zong, Ning, additional, and Zuo, Xiaoan, additional

Published
2024
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17. Grazing and ecosystem service delivery in global drylands

Author

Maestre, Fernando T., primary, Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Yoann, additional, Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, additional, Eldridge, David J., additional, Saiz, Hugo, additional, Berdugo, Miguel, additional, Gozalo, Beatriz, additional, Ochoa, Victoria, additional, Guirado, Emilio, additional, García-Gómez, Miguel, additional, Valencia, Enrique, additional, Gaitán, Juan J., additional, Asensio, Sergio, additional, Mendoza, Betty J., additional, Plaza, César, additional, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, additional, Rey, Ana, additional, Hu, Hang-Wei, additional, He, Ji-Zheng, additional, Wang, Jun-Tao, additional, Lehmann, Anika, additional, Rillig, Matthias C., additional, Cesarz, Simone, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Martínez-Valderrama, Jaime, additional, Moreno-Jiménez, Eduardo, additional, Sala, Osvaldo, additional, Abedi, Mehdi, additional, Ahmadian, Negar, additional, Alados, Concepción L., additional, Aramayo, Valeria, additional, Amghar, Fateh, additional, Arredondo, Tulio, additional, Ahumada, Rodrigo J., additional, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, additional, Ben Salem, Farah, additional, Blaum, Niels, additional, Boldgiv, Bazartseren, additional, Bowker, Matthew A., additional, Bran, Donaldo, additional, Bu, Chongfeng, additional, Canessa, Rafaella, additional, Castillo-Monroy, Andrea P., additional, Castro, Helena, additional, Castro, Ignacio, additional, Castro-Quezada, Patricio, additional, Chibani, Roukaya, additional, Conceição, Abel A., additional, Currier, Courtney M., additional, Darrouzet-Nardi, Anthony, additional, Deák, Balázs, additional, Donoso, David A., additional, Dougill, Andrew J., additional, Durán, Jorge, additional, Erdenetsetseg, Batdelger, additional, Espinosa, Carlos I., additional, Fajardo, Alex, additional, Farzam, Mohammad, additional, Ferrante, Daniela, additional, Frank, Anke S. K., additional, Fraser, Lauchlan H., additional, Gherardi, Laureano A., additional, Greenville, Aaron C., additional, Guerra, Carlos A., additional, Gusmán-Montalvan, Elizabeth, additional, Hernández-Hernández, Rosa M., additional, Hölzel, Norbert, additional, Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth, additional, Hughes, Frederic M., additional, Jadán-Maza, Oswaldo, additional, Jeltsch, Florian, additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Kaseke, Kudzai F., additional, Köbel, Melanie, additional, Koopman, Jessica E., additional, Leder, Cintia V., additional, Linstädter, Anja, additional, le Roux, Peter C., additional, Li, Xinkai, additional, Liancourt, Pierre, additional, Liu, Jushan, additional, Louw, Michelle A., additional, Maggs-Kölling, Gillian, additional, Makhalanyane, Thulani P., additional, Issa, Oumarou Malam, additional, Manzaneda, Antonio J., additional, Marais, Eugene, additional, Mora, Juan P., additional, Moreno, Gerardo, additional, Munson, Seth M., additional, Nunes, Alice, additional, Oliva, Gabriel, additional, Oñatibia, Gastón R., additional, Peter, Guadalupe, additional, Pivari, Marco O. D., additional, Pueyo, Yolanda, additional, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, additional, Rahmanian, Soroor, additional, Reed, Sasha C., additional, Rey, Pedro J., additional, Richard, Benoit, additional, Rodríguez, Alexandra, additional, Rolo, Víctor, additional, Rubalcaba, Juan G., additional, Ruppert, Jan C., additional, Salah, Ayman, additional, Schuchardt, Max A., additional, Spann, Sedona, additional, Stavi, Ilan, additional, Stephens, Colton R. A., additional, Swemmer, Anthony M., additional, Teixido, Alberto L., additional, Thomas, Andrew D., additional, Throop, Heather L., additional, Tielbörger, Katja, additional, Travers, Samantha, additional, Val, James, additional, Valkó, Orsolya, additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Ayuso, Sergio Velasco, additional, Velbert, Frederike, additional, Wamiti, Wanyoike, additional, Wang, Deli, additional, Wang, Lixin, additional, Wardle, Glenda M., additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Zaady, Eli, additional, Zhang, Yuanming, additional, Zhou, Xiaobing, additional, Singh, Brajesh K., additional, and Gross, Nicolas, additional

Published
2022
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19. Forage provision is more affected by droughts in arid and semi‐arid than in mesic rangelands

Author

Bondaruk, Viviana F., primary, Oñatibia, Gastón R., additional, Fernández, Roberto J., additional, Agüero, Walter, additional, Blanco, Lisandro, additional, Bruschetti, Martín, additional, Kröpfl, Alicia, additional, Loydi, Alejandro, additional, Pascual, Jesús, additional, Peri, Pablo, additional, Peter, Guadalupe, additional, Quiroga, R. Emiliano, additional, and Yahdjian, Laura, additional

Published
2022
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21. On the early warning signal of degradation in drylands: Patches or plants?

Author

Oñatibia, Gastón R. and Aguiar, Martín R.

Subjects
*ARID regions, *ECOSYSTEM services, *PLANT spacing, *LAND degradation, *GROUND cover plants, *PLANT species, *FORAGE plants
Abstract

Global drylands are threatened by grazing pressure intensification and climate change, which act as major drivers of land degradation. Detecting this process at an early stage is essential for predicting losses of ecological functions and for restoration management. Vegetation patch‐size distribution is an indicator of dryland multifunctionality and has been proposed as a warning signal for the onset of degradation processes. However, we proposed and tested a general model that stresses that patchiness may fail to detect degradation of the forage provision, depending on plant community species composition. This is a key aspect since forage provision is strongly associated with human well‐being in drylands. We hypothesized that grazing‐induced changes in patchiness and forage provision converge in drylands dominated by forage species but are decoupled in those dominated or co‐dominated by non‐forage species.We tested the conceptual model in a unique regional‐scale gradient with strong ecological differences but a common biogeographical and human impact history to reduce local contingencies effects. We compared datasets of grazing intensification impacts on (i) plant cover and patch‐size distribution and (ii) plant density and plant‐size distribution of dominant forage grasses (a proxy of forage provisioning).We showed that there is a decoupling between grazing‐induced changes in vegetation patchiness and forage provisioning, particularly in drylands where non‐forage species are dominant. In these drylands, plant cover and patch‐size distribution were slightly affected by grazing intensification, whereas plant density of forage species was decimated and their plant‐size distributions were strongly skewed towards small sizes.Synthesis. Our dryland conceptual model suggests that global change impacts on forage species populations can be detected even before changes in patch‐size distribution and plant cover. Our findings support the model and indicate that the population status (plant density and plant‐size distribution) of forage species allows for predicting forage dynamics and is useful to the early detection of losses of ecosystem services linked to human well‐being in drylands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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22. Coexistence of grasses and shrubs in Patagonian steppes. Norm or exception?

Author

Biancari, Lucio, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Gaitán, Juan J., and Aguiar, Martín R.

Subjects
*RANGE management, *STEPPES, *WATER shortages, *COMMUNITIES, *COMMUNITY organization, *SHRUBS, *GRASSES
Abstract

Questions: (1) Is the co‐dominance of grasses and shrubs a general feature of Patagonian steppes? (2) At a local scale, does it change with domestic grazing intensity or decadal changes in precipitation? Locations: Question 1. Patagonia region in southern South America. Question 2. Shrub–grass steppes (45°24′S, 70°17′W) subjected to different grazing intensity for decades. Methods: We sampled vegetation to estimate perennial grass and shrub cover at two scales: regional and local. At the regional (phytogeographical) scale, we sampled grazed steppes under different climates and soils (n = 324 sites over ca. 487,000 km2). At the local scale, we sampled paddocks subjected to known grazing management, from commercial intensive densities of sheep to total (experimental) exclusion. Also, in the same site, we sampled permanent plots (25 years old) in a grazing exclosure to study the effects of precipitation variation. Results: Mixed communities are the predominant form of community organization in the Patagonia region. At the regional scale, shrub cover was negatively related to grass cover and communities where shrubs had higher cover than grasses represent 54% of the data set. At the local scale for an arid steppe, perennial grasses had higher cover than shrubs, regardless of grazing pressure. The shrub‐to‐grass ratio was increased only by intensive grazing. Permanent plots in a grazing‐excluded paddock indicate that decadal xeric or humid climate periods decrease or increase total cover, respectively. Surprisingly, the relative shrub‐to‐grass ratio did not change significantly. Conclusions: Although perennial grasses and shrubs cover are negatively correlated, they coexist in the Patagonian steppes under a wide range of climate, soil and grazing conditions. At a local scale, selective herbivory promotes species replacement but did not substantially change the life‐form covers. Water shortages, as well as periods of water surplus, similarly affect both life forms without compromising their coexistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. INTENSIFICATION OF LIVESTOCK FARMING IN TIMES OF CLIMATE CHANGE: The challenges of domestic grazing in the drylands of the Argentine Patagonia.

Author

Yahdjian, Laura, Carboni, Lucas J., Ayuso, Sergio Velasco, and Oñatibia, Gastón R.

Subjects
BIOTIC communities, DESERTIFICATION, CLIMATE change, LIVESTOCK farms, SUSTAINABLE agriculture, CRUST vegetation, ARID regions, GRAZING, PLANT communities
Abstract

Livestock grazing modifies and even degrades arid ecosystems, which threatens the sustainability of livestock farming itself. It is essential to learn more about the effects of grazing on vegetation and soil to design strategies to avoid desertification, perhaps the most serious problem faced by drylands. In this paper, we evaluate the changes in the functional traits of the plant community and the biological soil crust induced by the intensification of grazing in Patagonian ecosystems. This description, together with changes in diversity, plant composition, and ecosystem functioning, can help us to understand the mechanisms by which the intensification of sheep grazing could degrade arid ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Presión de pastoreo y selectividad en estepas áridas y semi - áridas : retroalimentación planta - herbívoro a distintos niveles

Author

Oñatibia, Gastón R., Aguiar, Martín Roberto, and Oesterheld, Martín

Subjects
PASTIZALES, COMPACTACION DEL SUELO, RELACIONES PLANTA ANIMAL, PLANTAS, HERBIVOROS, TIERRAS DE PASTOREO, REGION PATAGONICA, VEGETACION
Abstract

Los herbívoros domésticos seleccionan su dieta y promueven cambios en la vegetación a distintos niveles jerárquicos, desde paisaje a planta individual, pasando por comunidad y parche de vegetación. Asimismo, los diferentes patrones de estructura de la vegetación controlan esta selectividad a cada nivel. Se estudió la interacción entre los herbívoros domésticos y la vegetación a distintos niveles jerárquicos en un gradiente de aridez en estepas patagónicas. En campos de los Distritos Central (semi-desierto), Occidental (estepa graminoso-arbustiva) y Subandino (estepa graminosa), se evaluaron los controles del consumo selectivo y los efectos del pastoreo sobre la vegetación a nivel de planta, población, parche, comunidad y lote. Los controles de la selectividad cambiaron con el nivel jerárquico. La selectividad por una determinada planta dependió de su identidad y, en especies preferidas, de su morfología. El consumo selectivo por una especie (población) dependió principalmente de la presión de pastoreo, de su abundancia absoluta y relativa a otras especies forrajeras en la comunidad y del material muerto de los individuos, pero la importancia de estos factores cambió con la preferencia de la especie. El impacto -negativo- de la presión de pastoreo sobre los parches de vegetación y -positivo- de los descansos al pastoreo sobre el crecimiento de las plantas fue mayor en los sitios con menor nivel de estrés regional. Ambos efectos se asociaron con las características de las especies dominantes. Finalmente, el efecto del pastoreo a distancias crecientes de las aguadas fue más heterogéneo en lotes de mayor tamaño. Estos resultados (que en algunos casos llenan un vacío de información) mejoran el entendimiento i) sobre la interacción planta-herbívoro en campos ganaderos, ii) sobre los procesos de deterioro inducidos por pastoreo doméstico y iii) sobre herramientas (descansos, alambrados, manipulación de la presión de pastoreo) para el manejo de recursos naturales en ecosistemas áridos.

Published
2017

28. Grazing pressure interacts with aridity to determine the development and diversity of biological soil crusts in Patagonian rangelands.

Author

Velasco Ayuso, Sergio, Oñatibia, Gastón R., Maestre, Fernando T., and Yahdjian, Laura

Subjects
SOIL biodiversity, CRUST vegetation, MERINO sheep, LAND degradation, RANGELANDS, GRAZING
Abstract

Grazing is directly related to land degradation and desertification in global drylands. Grazing impacts on vascular plants, reasonably well‐known, depend on its intensity and are modulated by local aridity conditions. However, we do not know how the interplay of grazing intensity and aridity affect biocrusts, topsoil assemblages dominated by cyanobacteria, lichens, and mosses that provide key ecosystem services in drylands. Here, we determined how grazing affects biomass, total cover, and richness of biocrust structural types across a regional aridity gradient in the Patagonian steppe. On average, grazing by sheep reduced biocrust biomass, total cover and richness of structural types by 55, 90, and 59%, respectively. In general, high grazing pressures had a larger impact on biocrusts than moderate or light grazing pressures. For example, biocrust cover was reduced by 85, 89, and 98% by light, moderate, and high grazing pressures, respectively. Although a slightly different response to grazing was observed under low aridity conditions, these more benign climatic conditions did not compensate for the negative effects of trampling by domestic animals on biocrusts. Nonetheless, estimated biocrust recovery rates under medium aridity conditions were faster than previously thought: it took 24, 18, and 58 years to double biocrust biomass, total cover, and richness of structural types. Sheep cannot be just removed in Patagonian rangelands because the production of meat and wool represents the main local economic activity. But landowners must consider our results to protect the ecosystem functions and services provided by biocrusts for future generations to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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