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7. Student Engagement with Online Course Content at a Two-Year College

Author

Stadler, Derek and O'Reilly, M. Anne

Abstract

This study looks at the effectiveness of online learning at the community college level and at how instructors can design courses to help students succeed and persist. Using a one-credit course that teaches effective research skills, this study examines whether two-year college students follow the same pattern as four-year students, accessing course materials they deem necessary to earn a good grade. The authors hypothesize that the frequency of accessing course content is greater at a community college because students depend on resources that provide both direct and indirect support in order to complete an online course.

Published
2021
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8. Continuation of fluoropyrimidine treatment with S-1 after cardiotoxicity on capecitabine- or 5-fluorouracil-based therapy in patients with solid tumours: a multicentre retrospective observational cohort study

Author

Osterlund, P., Kinos, S., Pfeiffer, P., Salminen, T., Kwakman, J.J.M., Frödin, J.-E., Shah, C.H., Sorbye, H., Ristamäki, R., Halonen, P., Soveri, L.M., Heervä, E., Ålgars, A., Bärlund, M., Hagman, H., McDermott, R., O’Reilly, M., Röckert, R., Liposits, G., Kallio, R., Flygare, P., Teske, A.J., van Werkhoven, E., Punt, C.J.A., and Glimelius, B.

Published
2022
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9. PREOPERATIVE USE OF BOTULINUM TOXIN AND PROGRESSIVE PNEUMOPERITONEUM IN L3 INGUINAL HERNIA WITH LOSS OF DOMAIN – A CASE REPORT

Author

Gajda Escudero, J, primary, Martínez Alegre, J, additional, Sánchez López, J D, additional, Rodriguez Haro, C, additional, Hernández O’Reilly, M, additional, Mellado Sánchez, I, additional, Peck García, C, additional, Ferrero Celemín, E, additional, Vaquero Pérez, M A, additional, and Picardo Nieto, A L, additional

Published
2024
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13. Outcome and feasibility of radiotherapy bridging in large B‐cell lymphoma patients receiving CD19 CAR T in the UK

Author

Kuhnl, A., primary, Roddie, C., additional, Kirkwood, A. A., additional, Chaganti, S., additional, Norman, J., additional, Lugthart, S., additional, Osborne, W., additional, Gibb, A., additional, Gonzalez Arias, C., additional, Latif, A., additional, Uttenthal, B., additional, Seymour, F., additional, Jones, C., additional, Springell, D., additional, Brady, J. L., additional, Illidge, T., additional, Stevens, A., additional, Alexander, E., additional, Hawley, L., additional, O'Rourke, N., additional, Bedi, C., additional, Prestwich, R., additional, Frew, J., additional, Burns, D., additional, O'Reilly, M., additional, Sanderson, R., additional, Sivabalasingham, S., additional, and Mikhaeel, N. G., additional

Published
2024
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17. A model-based method for 3D reconstruction of cerebellar parallel fibres from high-resolution electron microscope images

Author

O'Reilly, M. T.

Subjects
612.8
Abstract

In order to understand how the brain works, we need to understand how its neural circuits process information. Electron microscopy remains the only imaging technique capable of providing sufficient resolution to reconstruct the dense connectivity between all neurons in a circuit. Automated electron microscopy techniques are approaching the point where usefully large circuits might be successfully imaged, but the development of automated reconstruction techniques lags far behind. No fully-automated reconstruction technique currently produces acceptably accurate reconstructions, and semi-automated approaches currently require an extreme amount of manual effort. This reconstruction bottleneck places severe limits on the size of neural circuits that can be reconstructed. Improved automated reconstruction techniques are therefore highly desired and under active development. The human brain contains ~86 billion neurons and ~80% of these are located in the cerebellum. Of these cerebellar neurons, the vast majority are granule cells. The axons of these granule cells are called parallel fibres and tend to be oriented in approximately the same direction, making 2+1D reconstruction approaches feasible. In this work we focus on the problem of reconstructing these parallel fibres and make four main contributions: (1) a model-based algorithm for reconstructing 2D parallel fibre cross-sections that achieves state of the art 2D reconstruction performance; (2) a fully-automated algorithm for reconstructing 3D parallel fibres that achieves state of the art 3D reconstruction performance; (3) a semi-automated approach for reconstructing 3D parallel fibres that significantly improves reconstruction accuracy compared to our fully-automated approach while requiring ~40 times less labelling effort than a purely manual reconstruction; (4) a "gold standard" ground truth data set for the molecular layer of the mouse cerebellum that will provide a valuable reference for the development and benchmarking of reconstruction algorithms.

Published
2014

18. Improved outcomes of large B‐cell lymphoma patients treated with CD19 CAR T in the UK over time

Author

Boyle, S., primary, Roddie, C., additional, O'Reilly, M., additional, Menne, T., additional, Norman, J., additional, Gibb, A., additional, Lugthart, S., additional, Chaganti, S., additional, Gonzalez Arias, C., additional, Jones, C., additional, Latif, A., additional, Uttenthal, B. J., additional, Seymour, F., additional, Osborne, W., additional, Springell, D., additional, Hardefeldt, P., additional, Yallop, D., additional, Thoulouli, E., additional, Bloor, A., additional, Besley, C., additional, Mathew, A., additional, Burns, D., additional, Cwynarski, K., additional, Sanderson, R., additional, and Kuhnl, A., additional

Published
2023
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20. Essential Bacillus subtilis Genes

Author

Kobayashi, K., Ehrlich, S. D., Albertini, A., Amati, G., Andersen, K. K., Arnaud, M., Asai, K., Ashikaga, S., Aymerich, S., Bessieres, P., Boland, F., Brignell, S. C., Bron, S., Bunai, K., Chapuis, J., Christiansen, L. C., Danchin, A., Débarbouillé, M., Dervyn, E., Deuerling, E., Devine, K., Devine, S. K., Dreesen, O., Errington, J., Fillinger, S., Foster, S. J., Fujita, Y., Galizzi, A., Gardan, R., Eschevins, C., Fukushima, T., Haga, K., Harwood, C. R., Hecker, M., Hosoya, D., Hullo, M. F., Kakeshita, H., Karamata, D., Kasahara, Y., Kawamura, F., Koga, K., Koski, P., Kuwana, R., Imamura, D., Ishimaru, M., Ishikawa, S., Ishio, I., Le Coq, D., Masson, A., Mauël, C., Meima, R., Mellado, R. P., Moir, A., Moriya, S., Nagakawa, E., Nanamiya, H., Nakai, S., Nygaard, P., Ogura, M., Ohanan, T., O'Reilly, M., O'Rourke, M., Pragai, Z., Pooley, H. M., Rapoport, G., Rawlins, J. P., Rivas, L. A., Rivolta, C., Sadaie, A., Sadaie, Y., Sarvas, M., Sato, T., Saxild, H. H., Scanlan, E., Schumann, W., Sekiguchi, J., Sekowska, A., Séror, S. J., Simon, M., Stragier, P., Studer, R., Takamatsu, H., Tanaka, T., Takeuchi, M., Thomaides, H. B., Vagner, V., van Dijl, J. M., Watabe, K., Wipat, A., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, M., Yamamoto, Y., Yamane, K., Yata, K., Yoshida, K., Yoshikawa, H., Zuber, U., and Ogasawara, N.

Published
2003

21. Improved outcomes of large B‐cell lymphoma patients treated with CD19 CAR T in the UK over time.

Author

Boyle, S., Roddie, C., O'Reilly, M., Menne, T., Norman, J., Gibb, A., Lugthart, S., Chaganti, S., Gonzalez Arias, C., Jones, C., Latif, A., Uttenthal, B. J., Seymour, F., Osborne, W., Springell, D., Hardefeldt, P., Yallop, D., Thoulouli, E., Bloor, A., and Besley, C.

Subjects
CD19 antigen, CYTOKINE release syndrome, BISPECIFIC antibodies, DIFFUSE large B-cell lymphomas, CHIMERIC antigen receptors, INTENSIVE care units, CUTANEOUS T-cell lymphoma
Abstract

Summary: The success of CD19 Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy in large B‐cell lymphoma (LBCL) has been partially offset by toxicity and logistical challenges, which off‐the‐shelf agents like CD20xCD3 bispecific antibodies might potentially overcome. However, when using CAR T outcomes as the ʽstandard‐of‐care comparator̕ for relapsed/refractory (r/r) LBCL, a potential learning curve with implementing a novel, complex therapy like CAR T needs to be considered. To address this, we analysed 726 UK patients intended to be treated with CD19 CAR T for r/r LBCL and compared outcomes between the first year of the national CAR T programme (Era 1; 2019) and the more recent treatment era (Era 2; 2020–2022). We identified significant improvements for Era 2 versus Era 1 in dropout rate (17% vs. 27%, p = 0.001), progression‐free survival (1‐year PFS 50% vs. 32%, p < 0.001) and overall survival (1‐year OS 60% vs. 40%, p < 0.001). We also observed increased use of bridging therapy, improvement in bridging outcomes, more tocilizumab/corticosteroid use, reduced high‐grade cytokine release syndrome (4% vs. 9%, p = 0.01) and intensive care unit admissions (20% vs. 32%, p = 0.001). Our results demonstrate significant improvement in CAR T outcomes over time, highlighting the importance of using up‐to‐date clinical data when comparing CAR T against new treatment options for r/r LBCL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Adolescent perspectives on gendered ideologies in physical activity within schools: Reflections on a female-focused intervention

Author

O'Reilly, M, Talbot, A, and Harrington, D

Subjects
Gender Studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), LB1603, RA773, General Psychology
Abstract

There has been growing concern about rising physical inactivity levels in female adolescents, with schools taking some responsibility to address this (Sport England, 2019). Programmes designed for and by girls are increasingly being used by developing or delivering a programme of change and consultation to improve physical activity, physical education, and sport in school. However, to build an understanding of the nuances of such interventions, and better appreciate any gendered benefits and challenges, girls' voices need to be heard. Based on data from sixteen focus groups from eight schools participating in a female-focused intervention trial ('Girls Active'), we explored adolescent girls' views of this type of intervention. We used reflexive organic thematic analysis to understand key issues. Four themes were developed: stereotypes; choice; empowerment and voice; and equality. Our feminist approach centralised adolescent girls' voices, thereby recognising that physical activity is rooted in patriarchal constructions that position girls as naturally uninterested in sport and activity. We suggest gender-focused interventions can actively address stereotypes by listening to girls.

Published
2022
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24. P-077 LAPAROSCOPIC TRANSABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL HERNIA REPAIR (TAPP): OUR EXPERIENCE IN 200 PATIENTS

Author

Rodríguez Haro, C, primary, García-Sancho, L, additional, García Virosta, M, additional, Hernández O'reilly, M, additional, Mellado Sánchez, I, additional, Gajda, J, additional, Ferrero Celemín, E, additional, Martínez Alegre, J, additional, Vaquero Pérez, M A, additional, Sánchez López, J D, additional, and Picardo Nieto, A L, additional

Published
2023
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25. 249P A retrospective review of patients receiving trastuzumab deruxtecan across five centres in Ireland with a subgroup analysis of patients with CNS involvement assessing response in the CNS

Author

Murphy, C.A., primary, Ronan, K., additional, Buchalter, J., additional, Keogh, R., additional, Hadi, D. Khan, additional, Misbah, D., additional, O'Reilly, M., additional, Lucas, M.W., additional, Higgins, M., additional, Crown, J.P., additional, Keane, M.M., additional, Kelly, C.M., additional, O'Hanlon Brown, C., additional, O'Connor, M., additional, O'Reilly, S., additional, Connolly, R., additional, and Walshe, J., additional

Published
2023
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26. P-049 DAMAGE CONTROL SURGERY FOR AN INCARCERATED GIANT UMBILICAL HERNIA IN A SUPEROBESE PATIENT

Author

Rodríguez Haro, C, primary, Mellado Sánchez, I, additional, Sánchez López, J D, additional, García Virosta, M, additional, Hernández O'reilly, M, additional, Gajda, J, additional, García-Sancho, L, additional, Ferrero Celemín, E, additional, Martínez Alegre, J, additional, Vaquero Pérez, M A, additional, and Picardo Nieto, A L, additional

Published
2023
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38. Effects of photobiomodulation and caffeine treatment on acute kidney injury in a hypoxic ischemic neonatal rat model.

Author

Groves, A. M., Johnston, C. J., Beutner, G., Dahlstrom, J. E., Koina, M., O'Reilly, M., Marples, B., Porter, G., Brophy, P. D., and Kent, A. L.

Subjects
CEREBRAL anoxia-ischemia, ACUTE kidney failure, PHOTOBIOMODULATION therapy, CYTOCHROME oxidase, ANIMAL disease models, CAFFEINE
Abstract

Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) occurs in 2–5/1000 births, with acute kidney injury (AKI) occurring in 40%. AKI increases morbidity and mortality. Caffeine, an adenosine receptor antagonist, and photobiomodulation (PBM), working on cytochrome c oxidase, are potential treatments for AKI. To examine effects of caffeine and PBM on AKI in rats, Day 7 pups underwent a HIE intervention (Modified Rice–Vannucci model) replicating pathology observed in humans. Caffeine was administered for 3 days and/or PBM for 5 days following HIE. Weights and urine for biomarkers (NGAL, albumin, KIM‐1, osteopontin) were collected prior to HIE, daily post intervention and at sacrifice. Both treatments reduced kidney injury seen on electron microscopy, but not when combined. HIE elevated urinary NGAL and albumin on Days 1–3 post‐HIE, before returning to control levels. This elevation was significantly reduced by PBM or caffeine. KIM‐1 was significantly elevated for 7 days post‐HIE and was reduced by both treatments. Osteopontin was not altered by HIE or the treatments. Treatments, individually but not in combination, improved HIE‐induced reductions in the enzymatic activity of mitochondrial complexes II‐III. PBM and caffeine also improved weight gain. PBM and caffeine reduces AKI diagnosed by urinary biomarkers and confirmed by EM findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Long-term measurements of loads on tunnel linings in overconsolidated clay

Author

Barratt, D. A., O’Reilly, M. P., Temporal, John, Arthur, L. J., Darby, A. W., Rafoneke, B., Daws, Graham, MacDonald, Dan, Innaurato, Nicola, Mancini, Renato, Rondena, Enrico, Zaninetti, Attilio, Coutts, A. W. P., Davies, H. R., Curtis, R. S., Finch, A. P., Lovat, R. P., Deane, A. P., Burgess, K. T., Knights, M. C., Oswell, M. A., Farmer, I. W., Mak, B. W. L., Morfeldt, Daniel, Martin, C. J. H., Pakes, G., Finnsson, Sigurdur, Janzon, H. A., Laughton, C., Nelson, P. P., Abd Al-Jalil, Y., Remington, R., Caspe, H. P., Kim, A. Y., Bergen, L. J., Araujo, J. R., Harpf, Richard, Axhausen, Klaus, Hellings, J. E., Mair, R. J., Harris, D. I., Love, J. P., Blakey, D., Kettle, C., New, B. M., Bowers, K. H., Aarvold, Vidar, Chudleigh, I. L. J., Webb, N. S., Featherstone, G. A., Bandmann, Manfred, Ramisch, H., Beckmann, Uwe, Cole, B. J., Lees, H. J., Dietz, Walter, Fawcett, D. F., Chapman, P. J., Barratt, D. A., O’Reilly, M. P., Temporal, John, Baston-Pitt, Jon, Fredriksen, F. J., Aabøe, Roald, Hasle, G. J., Hobson, D. A., Gilchrist, D. C., Jancsecz, Sandor, Steiner, Walter, Farrow, J. P., Claye, P. M., Warren, R. B., Ginary, M. A., Matthews, R., Kruizenga, H., Weeks, C. R., Winterton, T. R., Leblais, Y., Leblond, L., Malios, Yannis, Peron, J. Y., Marcheselli, P., Catling, P., Scholey, J., Murray, A. D., Marrai, Bruno, Davies, P. G., Tibau, Guilherme, Gutenwik, Erik, Santana, Maurício, Pellegri, Pierre Jean, Fowell, R. J., Richardson, G., Gollick, M. J., Beatty, J. G., Ganey, R. J., and Killingsworth, J. E.

Published
1994
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42. P1460: SAFETY AND EFFICACY FINDINGS OF AUTO1, A FAST-OFF RATE CD19 CAR, IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA

Author

Roddie, C., primary, Dias, J., additional, O’Reilly, M., additional, Green, L., additional, Vaughan, M., additional, Agliardi, G., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Lewin, E., additional, Lowdell, M., additional, Mitsikakou, M., additional, Charalambous, E., additional, Hotblack, A., additional, Dreau, H., additional, Marzolini, M., additional, Wood, L., additional, Every-Clayton, C., additional, Lal, A., additional, Ngai, Y., additional, Popova, B., additional, Malhi, A., additional, Kunaseelan, S., additional, Spanswick, V., additional, Lowe, H., additional, Ensell, L., additional, Hartley, J., additional, Domning, S., additional, Thorne, L., additional, Hyare, H., additional, Murphy, P., additional, Linch, D., additional, Fox, C., additional, Peggs, K., additional, Cwynarski, K., additional, and Pule, M., additional

Published
2022
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43. P1459: SAFETY AND EFFICACY FINDINGS OF AUTO1, A FAST-OFF RATE CD19 CAR, IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY B-CELL NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA (B-NHL), AND CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (CLL) / SMALL LYMPHOCYTIC LYMPHOMA (SLL)

Author

Roddie, C., primary, Dias, J., additional, O’Reilly, M., additional, Mitsikakou, M., additional, Charalambous, E., additional, Green, L., additional, Vaughan, M., additional, Agliardi, G., additional, Garcia, J., additional, Lewin, E., additional, Lowdell, M., additional, Marzolini, M., additional, Wood, L., additional, Holmes, H., additional, Ngai, Y., additional, Popova, B., additional, Wilson, W., additional, Kunaseelan, S., additional, Spanswick, V., additional, Lowe, H., additional, Ensell, L., additional, Hartley, J., additional, Domning, S., additional, Morley, S., additional, Marafioti, T., additional, Bloor, A., additional, Irvine, D., additional, Orchard, K., additional, Khwaja, A., additional, Linch, D., additional, Pule, M., additional, and Peggs, K., additional

Published
2022
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45. Three Persons with Multiple Disabilities Accessing Environmental Stimuli and Asking for Social Contact through Microswitch and VOCA Technology

Author

Lancioni, G. E., O'Reilly, M. F., and Singh, N. N.

Abstract

Background: Direct access to environmental stimuli and opportunity to ask for social contact/attention may be considered highly relevant objectives for persons with multiple disabilities. We assessed the possibility of enabling three of these persons (two children and one adolescent) to combine two micro switches (for accessing environmental stimuli) and a Voice Output Communication Aid (VOCA), which allowed them to ask for caregiver's attention. Methods: Initially, the participants were required to use each of the two microswitches individually and then together. Thereafter, they were taught to use the VOCA. Eventually, the VOCA was available together with the microswitches, and the participants could use any of the three. Results: The results, which support preliminary data on this topic, showed that all participants (1) were able to operate the two microswitches as well as the VOCA; and (2) used all three of them consistently when they were simultaneously available. Conclusions: Teaching persons with multiple disabilities to combine a VOCA with conventional microswitches may enrich their general input, emphasize their active social role and eventually enhance their social image.

Published
2008
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46. Conservation of copy number profiles during engraftment and passaging of patient-derived cancer xenografts

Author

Woo, X.Y., Giordano, J., Srivastava, A., Zhao, Z.-., Lloyd, M.W., de Bruijn, R., Suh, Y.-., Patidar, R., Chen, L., Scherer, S., Bailey, M.H., Yang, C.-., Cortes-Sanchez, E., Xi, Y., Wang, J., Wickramasinghe, J., Kossenkov, A.V., Rebecca, V.W., Sun, H., Mashl, R.J., Davies, S.R., Jeon, R., Frech, C., Randjelovic, J., Rosains, J., Galimi, F., Bertotti, A., Lafferty, A., O'Farrell, A.C., Modave, E., Lambrechts, D., ter Brugge, P., Marangoni, E., El Botty, R., Kim, H., Kim, J.-., Yang, H.-., Lee, C., Dean, D.A., Davis-Dusenbery, B., Evrard, Y.A., Doroshow, J.H., Welm, A.L., Welm, B.E., Lewis, M.T., Fang, B., Roth, J.A., Meric-Bernstam, F., Herlyn, M., Davies, M.A., Ding, L., Li, S., Govindan, R., Isella, C., Moscow, J.A., Trusolino, L., Byrne, A.T., Jonkers, J., Bult, C.J., Medico, E., Chuang, J.H., Robinson, P.N., Sanderson, B.J., Neuhauser, S.B., Dobrolecki, L.E., Zheng, X., Majidi, M., Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Akcakanat, A., Evans, K.W., Yap, T.A., Li, D., Yucan, E., Lanier, C.D., Saridogan, T., Kirby, B.P., M. J., H., Chen, H., Kopetz, S., Menter, D.G., Zhang, J., Westin, S.N., Kim, M.P., Dai, B., Gibbons, D.L., Tapia, C., Jensen, V.B., Boning, G., Minna, J.D., Park, H., Timmons, B.C., Girard, L., Fingerman, D., Liu, Q., Somasundaram, R., Xiao, M., Yennu-Nanda, V.G., Tetzlaff, M.T., Xu, X., Nathanson, K.L., Cao, S., Chen, F., Dipersio, J.F., Lim, K.H., C. X., M., Rodriguez, F.M., Van Tine, B.A., Wang-Gillam, A., Wendl, M.C., Wu, Y., Wyczalkowski, M.A., Yao, L., Jayasinghe, R., Aft, R.L., Fields, R.C., Luo, J., Fuh, K.C., Chin, V., Digiovanna, J., Grover, J., Koc, S., Seepo, S., Wallace, T., Pan, C.-., Chen, M.S., Carvajal-Carmona, L.G., Kirane, A.R., Cho, M., Gandara, D.R., Riess, J.W., Le, T., deVere White, R.W., Tepper, C.G., Zhang, H., Coggins, N.B., Lott, P., Estrada, A., Toal, T., Arana, A.M., Polanco-Echeverry, G., Rocha, S., A. -H., M., Mitsiades, N., Kaochar, S., O'Malley, B.W., Ellis, M.J., Hilsenbeck, S.G., Ittmann, M., Corso, S., Fiori, A., Giordano, S., van de Ven, M., Peeper, D.S., Miller, I., Bernado, C., Morancho, B., Ramirez, L., Arribas, J., Palmer, H.G., Piris-Gimenez, A., Soucek, L., Dahmani, A., Montaudon, E., Nemati, F., Dangles-Marie, V., Decaudin, D., Roman-Roman, S., Alferez, D.G., Spence, K., Clarke, R.B., Bentires-Alj, M., Chang, D.K., Biankin, A.V., Bruna, A., O'Reilly, M., Caldas, C., Casanovas, O., Gonzalez-Suarez, E., Munoz, P., Villanueva, A., Conte, N., Mason, J., Thorne, R., Meehan, T.F., Parkinson, H., Dudova, Z., Krenek, A., Stuchlik, D., Elemento, O., Inghirami, G., Golebiewska, A., Niclou, S.P., Wisman, G.B.A., de Jong, S., Kralova, P., Sedlacek, R., Claeys, E., Leucci, E., Borsani, M., Lanfrancone, L., Pelicci, P.G., Maelandsmo, G.M., Norum, J.H., Vinolo, E., Serra, V., and Leucci, Eleonora

Subjects
endocrine system diseases, Microarray, gene amplification, Whole Exome Sequencing, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene expression, Databases, Genetic, Gene duplication, Neoplasm Metastasis, Exome sequencing, Cancer, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, adult, adult, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, breast cancer, microarray, DNA sequencing engraftment, gene amplification, tumor, xenograft, tumor-related gene, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics, 3. Good health, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, microarray, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, tumor, endocrine system, DNA sequencing engraftment, animal experiment, DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics, Biology, digestive system, DNA sequencing, Article, animal tissue, 03 medical and health sciences, breast cancer, Breast cancer, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, xenograft, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Settore MED/04 - Patologia Generale, Microarray analysis techniques, animal model, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, tumor-related gene, medicine.disease, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Computational biology and bioinformatics, Cancer research, Human cancer
Abstract

Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) are resected human tumors engrafted into mice for preclinical studies and therapeutic testing. It has been proposed that the mouse host affects tumor evolution during PDX engraftment and propagation, affecting the accuracy of PDX modeling of human cancer. Here, we exhaustively analyze copy number alterations (CNAs) in 1,451 PDX and matched patient tumor (PT) samples from 509 PDX models. CNA inferences based on DNA sequencing and microarray data displayed substantially higher resolution and dynamic range than gene expression-based inferences, and they also showed strong CNA conservation from PTs through late-passage PDXs. CNA recurrence analysis of 130 colorectal and breast PT/PDX-early/PDX-late trios confirmed high-resolution CNA retention. We observed no significant enrichment of cancer-related genes in PDX-specific CNAs across models. Moreover, CNA differences between patient and PDX tumors were comparable to variations in multiregion samples within patients. Our study demonstrates the lack of systematic copy number evolution driven by the PDX mouse host., Analysis of copy number alterations in 1,451 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and matched patient tumor samples shows strong conservation from patient tumors through late-passage PDXs and a lack of systematic copy number evolution driven by the mouse host.

Published
2021
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47. Assessing the Effects of Stimulation Versus Microswitch-Based Programmes on Indices of Happiness of Students with Multiple Disabilities

Author

Lancioni, G. E., Singh, N. N., and O'Reilly, M. F.

Abstract

Background: Stimulation and microswitch-based programmes are considered main strategies to promote indices of happiness in students with multiple disabilities. However, only limited attempts have been made to assess the relative effects of the two programmes. This study conducted such an assessment with seven students with multiple disabilities. Methods: The first four phases of the study served to: (1) provide the students with a systematic exposure to each of the programmes; and (2) measure the programmes effects on indices of happiness by comparing them with baseline levels. The fifth phase served to compare the programmes with each other. Results: The first four phases of the study showed that the microswitch-based programme produced a significant increase in indices of happiness for all seven students, and the stimulation programme produced a significant increase for six students. During the fifth phase of the study (i.e. when the two programmes were alternated), the microswitch-based programme promoted significantly higher indices of happiness than the stimulation programme for four of the seven students. Conclusions: Microswitch-based programmes might be deemed preferable to stimulation programmes because they can promote higher or comparable indices of happiness while promoting the acquisition of adaptive responses and self-determination.

Published
2006
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48. Gender Justice and Peacebuilding

Author

Richmond, O, Visoka, G, O'Reilly, M, Richmond, O, Visoka, G, and O'Reilly, M

Abstract

Gender justice in peacebuilding contexts can be defined as efforts to recognise, and provide redress for, the gendered harms of war. In post-war contexts, transitional justice mechanisms are often used to address complex legacies of mass violence and widespread human rights abuses. In recent decades, feminist researchers and activists have highlighted the importance of integrating gender justice into peace and justice initiatives. This entry focuses on two key approaches to achieving gender justice in peacebuilding settings. The first, legal justice, is a top-down, formal approach to gender justice. It involves states and/or international organisations establishing courts and tribunals where perpetrators are held accountable under international criminal law. The second, women’s courts and tribunals, represents a bottom-up, informal approach to gender justice. It involves grassroots actors creating informal truth-telling mechanisms, which may better respond to the needs of survivors and the communities in which they live.

Published
2022

49. Continuation of fluoropyrimidine treatment with S-1 after cardiotoxicity on capecitabine- or 5-fluorouracil-based therapy in patients with solid tumours:a multicentre retrospective observational cohort study

Author

Osterlund, P. (P.), Kinos, S. (S.), Pfeiffer, P. (P.), Salminen, T. (T.), Kwakman, J. J. (J. J. M.), Frödin, J.-E. (J.-E.), Shah, C. H. (C. H.), Sorbye, H. (H.), Ristamäki, R. (R.), Halonen, P. (P.), Soveri, L. .. (L .M.), Heervä, E. (E.), Ålgars, A. (A.), Bärlund, M. (M.), Hagman, H. (H.), McDermott, R. (R.), O’Reilly, M. (M.), Röckert, R. (R.), Liposits, G. (G.), Kallio, R. (R.), Flygare, P. (P.), Teske, A. J. (A. J.), van Werkhoven, E. (E.), Punt, C. J. (C. J A.), B. Glimelius, B. G. (B. Glimelius), Osterlund, P. (P.), Kinos, S. (S.), Pfeiffer, P. (P.), Salminen, T. (T.), Kwakman, J. J. (J. J. M.), Frödin, J.-E. (J.-E.), Shah, C. H. (C. H.), Sorbye, H. (H.), Ristamäki, R. (R.), Halonen, P. (P.), Soveri, L. .. (L .M.), Heervä, E. (E.), Ålgars, A. (A.), Bärlund, M. (M.), Hagman, H. (H.), McDermott, R. (R.), O’Reilly, M. (M.), Röckert, R. (R.), Liposits, G. (G.), Kallio, R. (R.), Flygare, P. (P.), Teske, A. J. (A. J.), van Werkhoven, E. (E.), Punt, C. J. (C. J A.), and B. Glimelius, B. G. (B. Glimelius)

Abstract

Background: Capecitabine- or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy is widely used in many solid tumours, but is associated with cardiotoxicity. S-1 is a fluoropyrimidine with low rates of cardiotoxicity, but evidence regarding the safety of switching to S-1 after 5-FU- or capecitabine-associated cardiotoxicity is scarce. Patients and methods: This retrospective study (NCT04260269) was conducted at 13 centres in 6 countries. The primary endpoint was recurrence of cardiotoxicity after switch to S-1-based treatment due to 5-FU- or capecitabine-related cardiotoxicity: clinically meaningful if the upper boundary of the 95% confidence interval (CI; by competing risk) is not including 15%. Secondary endpoints included cardiac risk factors, diagnostic work-up, treatments, outcomes, and timelines of cardiotoxicity. Results: Per protocol, 200 patients, treated between 2011 and 2020 [median age 66 years (range 19-86); 118 (59%) males], were included. Treatment intent was curative in 145 (73%). Initial cardiotoxicity was due to capecitabine (n = 170), continuous infusion 5-FU (n = 22), or bolus 5-FU (n = 8), which was administered in combination with other chemotherapy, targeted agents, or radiotherapy in 133 patients. Previous cardiovascular comorbidities were present in 99 (50%) patients. Cardiotoxic events (n = 228/200) included chest pain (n = 125), coronary syndrome/infarction (n = 69), arrhythmia (n = 22), heart failure/cardiomyopathy (n = 7), cardiac arrest (n = 4), and malignant hypertension (n = 1). Cardiotoxicity was severe or life-threatening in 112 (56%) patients and led to permanent capecitabine/5-FU discontinuation in 192 (96%). After switch to S-1, recurrent cardiotoxicity was observed in eight (4%) patients (95% CI 2.02-7.89, primary endpoint met). Events were limited to grade 1-2 and occurred at a median of 16 days (interquartile range 7-67) from therapy switch. Baseline ischemic heart disease was a risk factor for recurrent cardiotoxicity (odds rat

Published
2022

50. The association between phase of illness and resource utilisation-a potential model for demonstrating clinical efficiency?

Author

Lucey, M, O'Reilly, M, Coffey, S, Sheridan, J, Moran, S, Twomey, F, Conroy, M, Eager, K, Currow, D, Lucey, M, O'Reilly, M, Coffey, S, Sheridan, J, Moran, S, Twomey, F, Conroy, M, Eager, K, and Currow, D

Abstract

Background: Healthcare efficiency involves demonstrating flexible inter-relationships between resource utilisation and patient need. In palliative care, five phases of patient illness have been identified: stable, unstable, deteriorating, terminal and bereaved. Evaluating the association between phase of illness and nursing activities could demonstrate clinical efficiency. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the phase of illness and the intensity of nursing care in a specialist palliative care unit. Methods: This was a prospective, observational cohort study of consecutive admissions (n=400) to a specialist palliative care unit. Patient phase of illness was documented on admission and daily thereafter. A nursing activity tool was developed, which scored daily nursing interventions (physical, psychological, family care and symptom control). This score was called the nursing total score (NTS) and reflected the intensity of nursing activities. Data were entered into SPSS and descriptive statistics weregenerated. Results: A total of 342 (85%) patients had full data recorded on admission. Stable, unstable, deteriorating and terminal phases were associated with progressively increasing median NTSs on days 1, 2, 3 and 4 (all P<0.01). Phase stabilisation from the unstable to the stable phase during this timeframe resulted in reductions in physical care (p=0.038), symptom management (p=0.007) and near-significant reductions in family support (p=0.06). Conclusion: A significant association was demonstrated between phase of illness and intensity of nursing activities, which were sensitive to phase changes, from unstable to stable. This demonstrates technically efficient resource utilisation and identifies a potential efficiency model for future evaluations of inpatient palliative care.

Published
2022

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