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1,828 results on '"O'Leary D"'

1. Risk of Bowel Obstruction in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for High-risk Colon Cancer: A Nested Case-control Matched Analysis of an International, Multi-centre, Randomised Controlled Trial (FOxTROT)

Author

Glasbey, James, Glasbey, James, Beggs, Andrew, Glimelius, Bengt, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Laurberg, Søren, Magill, Laura, Murakami, Keigo, Palmer, Andy, Quirke, Philip, Seligman, Jenny, Seymour, Matt, Sinha, Yash, West, Nick, Morton, Dion, Glasbey, James, Handley, Kelly, Palmer, Andy, Morton, Dion, Crosby, T., Olliff, J., Peto (Chair), R., Brown, Gina, Ferry, David, Glimelius, Bengt, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Ismail, Tariq, Laurberg, Søren, Magill, Laura, Morton, Dion, Oliver, Alf, Quirke, Phil, Seymour, Matt, Scott, Nigel, Seligman, Jenny, Swift, Ian, Warren, Bryan, West, Nick, Northover, J., Parmar (Chair), M., Slevin, M., Magill, Laura, Gray, Richard, Handley, Kelly, Wilcockson, Adrian, Gray, Zoe, Lancaster, Dominic, Brown, James, Palmer, Andrew, Adie, Ladan, Kennedy, Georgia, Eld, M., Holt, G., Yilmaz, M., Spendler, K. Garm, Hansen, F., Laurberg, S., Rosenkilde, M., Ahlstrom, H., Glimelius, B., Abgamu, D., Day, N., Walsh, C., Bannister, J., Furniss, D., Morgan, S., Walkington, L., Yates, S., Branagan, G., Mustajab, A., O’Neil, H., Rees, C., Geh, I., Hendrickse, C., Langman, G., Pallan, A., Conn, A., Lowe, A., Ostrowski, J., Steward, M., Callaway, M., Falk, S., Thomas, M., Wong, N., Cast, J., Hartley, J., Roy, R., Tiam, R., Blunt, D., Cleator, S., Dawson, P., Goldin, R., Gujral, D., Lowdell, C., Ziprin, P., Clenton, S., Dewdney, A., Euinton, H., Furniss, D., Gupta, R., Tarapowewalla, D., Wilshaw, V., Braun, M., Chakrabarty, B., Hill, J., Laasch, H., Saunders, M., Cruickshank, N., Davies, M., Muzaffar, S., Orme, A., Punia, P., Rea, D., Campbell, F., Hughes, M., Palmer, D., Rooney, P., Abbott, G., Hamid, B., Vimalachandran, D., Berry, J., Hinson, F., Maarouf, Z., Nicoll, J., Adams, C., Denson, J., Jackson, S., Sherriff, D., Kweka, E., McAdam, G., Peters, M., Roy, R., Khaira, M., Kurien, G., Robinson, J., Wadsley, J., White, D., Young, R., Dega, R., Lamparelli, M., Orbell, J., Osborne, R., Taylor, P., Thomas, T., Gopalakrishnan, K., Jadhav, V., Scott-Brown, M., Baijal, S., Chapman, M., Glaholm, J., Nelson, C., Singh, R., Harrison, J., Last, K., Scott, D., Scullion, D., Lind, P., Milosavljevic, Z., Dent, J., Ilsley, D., Littleford, S., Roberts, C., Crabtree, M., Orrell, J., Sherwin, E., Smith, S., Soomal, R., Braun, M., De, A., Khan, A., Khan, U., Lavin, V., McBain, C., Radharkrishna, G., Sil, R., Weerasinghe, S., Hill, J., Lee, S., Wright, P., Church, R., Holland, C., Kunene, V., Thompson, A., Glynne-Jones, R., Goh, V., Livingstone, J., Richman, P., Barlow, C., Burn, P., Geraghty, J., Walther, J., Grumett, S., Mangalika, S., Qaiyum, M., Williams, G., Borgstein, R., Bridgewater, J., Melville, D., Rees, J., Coxon, F., Hainsworth, P., Needham, S., Scott, J., Asmussen, J., Hansen, T., Jensen, K., Pfeiffer, P., Alkhaldi, A., Brittenden, J., Jackson, A., Kamposioras, K., Kumaran, G., Macklin, C., Alexander, J., Harle, A., Hickish, T., Talbot, R., Tarver, D., Bridgewater, J., Partridge, W., Sundaresan, V., Vivekanandan, S., Agrawal, N., Higginson, A., Muthuramalingam, S., O’Leary, D., Devarajan, G., Gulati, M., Kerwat, R., Maisey, N., Mikhaeel, G., Ismail, T., Middleton, G., Page, A., Steven, N., Taniere, P., Gutmann, J., Huang, J., Raouf, S., Dunn, W., Escola, C. Lopez, Potter, V., Scholefield, J., Walker, G., Zaitoun, A., Eason, D., McPhail, N., Mmeka, W., Stenhouse, G., Watson, A., Fozard, B., Hickish, T., Snape, S., Ellis, R., Faux, W., Jenkins, R., Maskell, G., Kulkarni, R., Lund, J., Menon, S., Singh, R., Chandler, I., Daniels, I., Harries, S., Osborne, M., Bell, J., Krell, D., Mayer, A., Ogunbiyi, O., Watkins, J., Bronder, C., Eaton, D., Taylor, A., Brown, G., Cunningham, D., Tekkis, P., Wotherspoon, A., Dobson, M., Mitchell, P., Pitt, M., Scott, N., Susnerwala, S., Adab, F., Britton, I., Ghiridaran, S., Howitt, C., Kirby, R., Biddlestone, L., Dalton, S., De Winton, E., Phillips, A., Ferry, D., Grumett, S., Kawesha, A., Maleki, K., Momtahan, N., Burnett, H., Hayes, S., Soop, M., Branagan, G., Cook, I., Cook, S., Iveson, T., Shablak, A., Coup, A., Hamid, A., Moore, P., O’Toole, L., Pai, D., Bateman, A., Bateman, A., Blaquiere, R., Nichols, P., Chappell, M., Dworkin, M., Jain, S., Tsang, D., Hopkins, K., Loveday, E., Lyons, A., Rooney, N., Ali, N., Chatterjee, M., Chiphang, A., Dundas, S., Myint, A. Sun, Zeiderman, M., Beharry, N., Chong, H., Lofts, F., Melville, D., Finan, P., Seymour, M., Tolan, D., West, N., Anyamene, N., Burling, D., Kennedy, R., Moorghen, M., Agrawal, S., Hasan, J., Mehta, S., Saeed, M., Burgess, P., John, L., Lowndes, S., Planner, A., Campbell, F., Hughes, M., Rooney, P., Smith, D., Hochhauser, D., Obichere, A., Rodriguez-Justo, M., Shiu, K., Taylor, S., Correa, P., James, S., Shatwell, W., Williams, N., Brady, J., Lanaspre, E., Mikhaeel, G., Ahmad, M., Gill, T., Wilson, D., Adams, R., Beehen, R., Morgan, M., Lindh, B., Adams, R., Morgan, M., Ford, A., Gopal, K., Pranesh, N., Shareef, D., Tighe, M., Busby, K., Correa, P., Sanders, S., Sinha, R., Ahmad, R., Desai, S., Ramesh, S., Hilman, S., Lott, M., O’Brien, J., Radstone, D., West, D., Amin, S., Hampton, J., Hornbuckle, J., Kitsanta, P., Ali, M., Desai, A., Hadaki, M., Hall, M., Arul, D., Hochhauser, D., Leonard, P., Mukhtar, H., Murray, D., Baxter, A., Churn, M., Farrugia, D., Lake, S., Smith, G., Bansal, A., Chandran, P., Corr, C., Gollins, S., Davenport, A., Saunders, M., Sukumar, S., Bathurst, N., Beaumont, E., Cooper, E., Francis, N., Sephton, M., Sparrow, G., Clarke, A., Haselden, J., Last, K., Woodcock, N., Atkinson, M., Gollins, S., Gupta, M., Maw, A., Abdullah, N., Bale, C., and Lord, M.

Published
2023
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4. 2020-21 Annual Reports of SECTIONS AND DIVISIONS of The Florida Bar

Author

Lamb, Bruce, Sanchez, Oscar A., Powell, John K., Donovan, Christopher D., Blanco, Leyza Florin, Crowell, Donald S., Lindsey, Warren, Williams, Tania, Santana, Rachael Bruce, Greenbaum, Douglas, Stramski, Jacek, Becerra, Robert J., Hankins, Robyn S., Pardo, Martha A., Hennessey, William T., Shaw, Timothy S., O'Leary, D. Michael, Hicks, J. Wiley, Augustine, Philip, and White, Adam

Subjects
Law, The Florida Bar -- Reports
Abstract

Note: Section reports are submitted by voluntary bar sections, supported by the separate resources of these voluntary organizations and not with the mandatory membership fees paid by Bar members to [...]

Published
2021

6. Mastitis and Mammary Abscess Management Audit (MAMMA) in the UK and Ireland.

Author

Courtney, Alona, Clymo, Jonathon, Parks, Ruth, Wilkins, Alexander, Brown, Ruth, O'Connell, Rachel, Dave, Rajiv, Dillon, Marianne, Fatayer, Hiba, Gallimore, Rachel, Gandhi, Ashu, Gardiner, Matthew, Harmer, Victoria, Hookway, Lyndsey, Irwin, Gareth, Ives, Charlotte, Mathers, Helen, Murray, Juliette, O'Leary, D Peter, and Patani, Neill

Subjects
MASTITIS, ABSCESSES, SURGICAL site, SURGICAL drainage, HOSPITAL patients, NEEDLE biopsy, NEEDLES & pins, NEEDLESTICK injuries
Abstract

Background: The aim of this multicentre prospective audit was to describe the current practice in the management of mastitis and breast abscesses in the UK and Ireland, with a specific focus on rates of surgical intervention. Methods: This audit was conducted in two phases from August 2020 to August 2021; a phase 1 practice survey and a phase 2 prospective audit. Primary outcome measurements for phase 2 included patient management pathway characteristics and treatment type (medical/radiological/surgical). Results: A total of 69 hospitals participated in phase 2 (1312 patients). The key findings were a high overall rate of incision and drainage (21.0 per cent) and a lower than anticipated proportion of ultrasound-guided aspiration of breast abscesses (61.0 per cent). Significant variations were observed regarding the rate of incision and drainage (range 0–100 per cent; P < 0.001) and the rate of needle aspiration (range 12.5–100 per cent; P < 0.001) between individual units. Overall, 22.5 per cent of patients were admitted for inpatient treatment, out of whom which 72.9 per cent were commenced on intravenous antibiotics. The odds of undergoing incision and drainage for a breast abscess or being admitted for inpatient treatment were significantly higher if patients presented at the weekend compared with a weekday (P ≤ 0.023). Breast specialists reviewed 40.9 per cent of all patients directly, despite the majority of patients (74.2 per cent) presenting within working hours on weekdays. Conclusions: Variation in practice exists in the management of mastitis and breast abscesses, with high rates of incision and drainage in certain regions of the UK. There is an urgent need for a national best-practice toolbox to minimize practice variation and standardize patient care. The Mastitis and Mammary Abscess Management Audit (MAMMA) is the first international audit, conducted in 69 hospitals across the UK and Ireland, involving contemporaneous data capture on the presentation and management of 1312 patients with mastitis and breast abscess. Key results included a substantial inpatient admission rate (22.5 per cent), a high overall rate of surgical incision and drainage (21.0 per cent), and a comparatively low use of ultrasound-guided aspiration (61.0 per cent). The data also identified significantly increased odds of undergoing incision and drainage for a breast abscess or being admitted for inpatient treatment, if patients presented at the weekend compared with on a weekday. Lay Summary: Mastitis and breast abscess is a painful infection of the breast. It is an extremely common breast problem. One in three women can get this condition at some stage in their life. To treat a breast abscess, the pus inside should be drained out of the body. This can be done either by cutting into the breast using surgery or by inserting a fine needle using an ultrasonography scan (which uses ultrasound). Fine-needle drainage has the benefit that it does not require admission to hospital. Surgery can cause the breast to look misshapen. It is unknown which method is used more often in the UK and Ireland. The aim of this study was to describe how mastitis and breast abscesses are treated in the UK and Ireland. This study involved a survey of practice (phase 1) and collection of data, which are routinely recorded for these patients (phase 2). This study involved 69 hospitals and 1312 patient records. One in five women had an operation for a breast abscess. This was higher than expected. Six in 10 women had a pus drainage using a fine needle. The chance of having an operation depended on the hospital. Women that came to hospital at the weekend were almost twice as likely to have an operation. One in five women were admitted to hospital. The chances of that more than doubled if a woman came to hospital at the weekend. There are differences in treatment of mastitis and breast abscesses across the UK and Ireland. Changes need to be put in place to make access to treatment more equal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. A method for estimating and characterizing explicitly nonlinear dynamic functional network connectivity in resting-state fMRI data

Author

Motlaghian, S.M., primary, Vahidi, V., additional, Belger, A., additional, Bustillo, J.R., additional, Faghiri, A., additional, Ford, J.M., additional, Iraji, A., additional, Lim, K., additional, Mathalon, D.H., additional, Miller, R., additional, Mueller, B.A., additional, O'Leary, D., additional, Potkin, S.G., additional, Preda, A., additional, van Erp, T.G., additional, and Calhoun, V.D., additional

Published
2023
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17. The impact of alternating drainage and inundation cycles on geochemistry and microbiology of intact peat cores

Author

Healy, Mark G., Siggins, Alma, Potito, Aaron P., Molloy, Karen, O'Leary, D., Daly, E., Callery, O., European Commission, and Environmental Protection Agency

Subjects
restoration, Environmental Engineering, Nitrates, rewetting, Nitrogen, Soil-water characteristic curve, Water, Phosphorus, Pollution, Soil, Microbial community, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, peatlands
Abstract

The rewetting of degraded peatlands has been adopted as a method to address climate change. Concerns have been raised about the effects of peat inundation and drying cycles, in more extreme climate events, on the potential release of nitrogen (N) species, in particular ammonium (NH4-N), once rewetted, as well as the physico-chemical and biological properties of the peat. This study used intact peat cores to measure the impact of two different cycles of peat inundation and drying (1 month and 2 month) over a total study duration of 56 weeks on the (1) NH4-N, nitrate-N (NO3-N) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in the soil pore water; (2) microbial community structure; (3) physico-chemical properties of the peat; and (4) the structure of the peat, and therefore its ability to mitigate flood risks and storm surges. The study found that rewetted cores released NO3-N in the pore water up to a concentration of 6.25 mg L-1, but had no appreciable impact on NH4-N, which remained below 1.7 mg L-1 over the study duration. DRP moved quickly though the upper layers of the cores, but physico-chemical analysis suggested it was adsorbed to more iron-rich soil, which was present at depths below 0.4 m in the cores. Time intervals between inundation produced no significant difference on the forms of inorganic N released, nor did it compact the soil or change the microbial community structure. The depth of the water table, however, had a significant impact on inorganic N release, particularly NO3-N, which indicates that this N species, and not NH4-N, may be problematic in rewetted peatlands. The authors acknowledge the assistance of Stephen Monteverde and Dr Siubhán Comer. The authors would like to thank the European Commission and the Irish Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (Project reference number 2019-W-MS-42) for funding the collaborative international consortium (WATERPEAT) financed under the Water JPI 2018 Joint Call of the WaterWorks2017 ERA-NET Cofund. This project is funded under the EPA Research Programme 2014-2020. The EPA Research Programme is a Government of Ireland initiative funded by the Department of Communications, Climate Action and Environment. It is administered by the Environmental Protection Agency, which has the statutory function of co-ordinating and promoting environmental research. peer-reviewed 2024-11-02

Published
2022

18. 1411P Development and validation of a novel six-gene signature to accurately risk stratify men with early-stage prostate cancer to aid in treatment decision making

Author

Krzyzanowska, A., primary, Barron, S., additional, Loughman, T., additional, Higgins, D.F., additional, Sheehan, K.M., additional, Chan-Ju Wang, A., additional, Fender, B., additional, McGuire, L.M., additional, O'Neill, A., additional, Fay, J., additional, O'Grady, T., additional, O'Leary, D., additional, Bjartell, A., additional, Watson, R.W.G., additional, and Gallagher, W.M., additional

Published
2022
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20. An Online, Interactive Renewable Energy Laboratory

Author

O'Leary, D. A., Shattuck, J., and Kubby, J.

Abstract

An undergraduate introductory science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) class can be a jarring disappointment to new students expecting to work with cutting-edge, real-world technology. Their cell phones are often more technically advanced and real-world than the tools used in a class lab. Not surprisingly, many complain that the STEM labs are dull and antiquated. To address these issues, the authors have created an online lab where students can interact via the Internet with tracking solar panels and solar power measurement tools at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Renewable Energy (RE) Lab in Mountain View, CA. The authors evaluate the impact of using real-life, real-time, real-world solar data on student learning. In identical pre- and post-lab quizzes taken before and after students performed the lab, two thirds of errors made on the pre-quiz were corrected on the post-quiz. (Contains 8 figures and 2 tables.)

Published
2012
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28. Nuclear singlet relaxation by scalar relaxation of the second kind in the slow-fluctuation regime.

Author

Elliott, S. J., Bengs, C., Brown, L. J., Hill-Cousins, J. T., O'Leary, D. J., Pileio, G., and Levitt, M. H.

Subjects
RADIOACTIVE decay, RELAXATION for health, DEUTERIUM, SINGLET state (Quantum mechanics)
Abstract

The singlet state of nuclear spin-1/2 pairs is protected against many common relaxation mechanisms. Singlet order, which is defined as the population difference between the nuclear singlet and triplet states, usually decays more slowly than the nuclear magnetization. Nevertheless, some decay mechanisms for nuclear singlet order persist. One such mechanism is called scalar relaxation of the second kind (SR2K) and involves the relaxation of additional nuclei ("third spins") which have scalar couplings to the spin-1/2 pair. This mechanism requires a difference between the couplings of at least one third spin with the two members of the spin-1/2 pair, and depends on the longitudinal relaxation time of the third spin. The SR2K mechanism of nuclear singlet relaxation has previously been examined in the case where the relaxation rate of the additional spins is on the time scale of the nuclear Larmor frequency. In this paper, we consider a different regime, in which the longitudinal relaxation of the third spins is on a similar time scale to the J-coupling between the members of the spin pair. This regime is often encountered when the spin-1/2 pair has scalar couplings to nearby deuterium nuclei. We show that the SR2K mechanism may be suppressed in this regime by applying a radiofrequency field which is resonant either with the members of the spin pair, or with the third spins. These phenomena are analyzed theoretically and by numerical simulations, and demonstrated experimentally on a diester of [13C2, 2H2]-labeled fumarate in solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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30. Psychiatryai.com: Real-Time AI Scoping Review (RAISR 4D) in Psychiatry and Mental Health with Live Real-World Evidence and CPD/CME for Psychiatrists.

Author

Naik, P. and O'Leary, D.

Subjects
*GENERATIVE artificial intelligence, *CONSCIOUSNESS raising, *DATA analytics, *EVIDENCE-based medicine, PSYCHIATRIC research
Abstract

Introduction: Psychiatryai.com was launched in 2021 and initial findings were published at EPA 2023. The portal is an advanced computing science project in Applied Data Science and Evidence-Based Healthcare for my MSc studies at the University of Oxford (Kellogg College). Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Data Science (DS) technology are utilised to analyse live Real-World Evidence (RWE) in Psychiatry and Mental Health from PubMed to provide CPD/CME online. A two-year review of the site and its performance will be presented to EPA 2024. Objectives: To develop and study an experimental real-time AI and DS platform in Global Mental Health and Psychiatry, to provide the latest RWE from PubMed for online education and training, and to report findings to EPA 2024 for peer review in Budapest. AI and misinformation are newly identified risks in healthcare (AI Safety Summit 2023). The site also aims to raise awareness about "Aiatrogenesis" to address this problem, with RWE and CPD/CME utilising AI and DS technology for the categorisation and meta-analysis of evidence, rather than the production of possibly misleading or false Generative AI evidence (Monteith et al. BJP 2023; 1-3). Methods: As reported to EPA 2023 in Paris, a free open-code WordPress site was launched on the 22nd of November 2021 (Psychiatryai.com). The portal has been further developed and now features over 90k pages comprising 7GB of data with Cloudflare security and speed. Live evidence is collected into an open database and research articles are categorised into evidence nodes with AI. The results are presented in a real-time Evidence Matrix and Blueprint, creating 15-minute CPD/CME reflection modules. Data analytics from Psychiatryai.com with Google Analytics (G4A) along with platform insights from two years of development and research will be presented to EPA 2024. The site is conceptualised and designed to be viewed in an interactive VR headset. Results: Live Citations 380000+ PubMed Articles Analysed with AI 92142 CPD/CME 23002 hours Algorithms/Topics in Psychiatry 291 Open Data 7 GB Image: Image 2: Image 3: Conclusions: Psychiatryai.com has successfully developed a novel AI and DS platform that incorporates the latest research in mental health and psychiatry, providing real-world evidence (RWE) for psychiatrists and healthcare professionals worldwide, along with CPD/CME online. This enhances hypothesis testing in research by presenting a related Evidence Matrix and Blueprint (from the last 365 days) for each evidence node on the site (RAISR 4D). These matrices provide a real-time visual table (8 x 8 / 64) of global research related to the evidence node in the preceding year. The site is VR-ready and has a special focus on AI and Psychiatry, Disaster and Traumatology Sciences, and Youth Mental Health. This project is dedicated to the memory of Dr Denis O'Leary and Dr Navin Venkatraman. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Multicenter Validation Study of Real Time (B Mode) Ultrasound, Arteriography, and Pathology: IV. Comparison of B Mode Ultrasonic Imaging with Arteriography in Lower Extremity Arteries

Author

Smullens, S. N., Raines, J. K., O’Leary, D. H., Ball, M., Ricotta, J. J., Gustafson, N. F., Bond, M. G., Berson, A., Kane, R. R., Goldberg, B. B., Calderon-Ortiz, M., York, B. J. G., Nunn, C., DeWeese, J. A., Glagov, Seymour, editor, Newman, William P., III, editor, and Schaffer, Sheldon A., editor

Published
1990
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33. Nonlinear Functional Network Connectivity in Resting Fmri Data

Author

Motlaghian, S. M., primary, Belger, A., additional, Bustillo, J. R., additional, Ford, J. M., additional, Lim, K., additional, Mathalon, D. H., additional, Mueller, B. A., additional, O’Leary, D., additional, Pearlson, G., additional, Potkin, S. G., additional, Preda, A., additional, van Erp, T.G., additional, and Calhoun, V. D., additional

Published
2021
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38. Common carotid intima-media thickness does not add to Framingham risk score in individuals with diabetes mellitus: the USE-IMT initiative

Author

den Ruijter, H. M., Peters, S. A. E., Groenewegen, K. A., Anderson, T. J., Britton, A. R., Dekker, J. M., Engström, G., Eijkemans, M. J., Evans, G. W., de Graaf, J., Grobbee, D. E., Hedblad, B., Hofman, A., Holewijn, S., Ikeda, A., Kavousi, M., Kitagawa, K., Kitamura, A., Koffijberg, H., Ikram, M. A., Lonn, E. M., Lorenz, M. W., Mathiesen, E. B., Nijpels, G., Okazaki, S., O’Leary, D. H., Polak, J. F., Price, J. F., Robertson, C., Rembold, C. M., Rosvall, M., Rundek, T., Salonen, J. T., Sitzer, M., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Witteman, J. C., Moons, K. G., and Bots, M. L.

Published
2013
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45. Autophagy induced by taurolidine protects against polymicrobial sepsis by promoting both host resistance and disease tolerance.

Author

Jie Huang, Ita, Michael, Huiting Zhou, He Zhao, Hassan, Fara, Zhenjiang Bai, O’Leary, D. Peter, Yiping Li, Redmond, H. Paul, Jiang Huai Wang, and Jian Wang

Subjects
DISEASE resistance of plants, NATURAL immunity, SEPSIS, AUTOPHAGY, SEPTIC shock
Abstract

Sepsis, septic shock, and their sequelae are the leading causes of death in intensive care units, with limited therapeutic options. Disease resistance and tolerance are two evolutionarily conserved yet distinct defense strategies that protect the host against microbial infection. Here, we report that taurolidine administered at 6 h before septic challenge led to strong protection against polymicrobial sepsis by promoting both host resistance and disease tolerance characterized by accelerated bacterial clearance, ameliorated organ damage, and diminished vascular and gut permeability. Notably, taurolidine administered at 6 h after septic challenge also rescued mice from sepsis-associated lethality by enhancing disease tolerance to tissue and organ injury. Importantly, this in vivo protection afforded by taurolidine depends on an intact autophagy pathway, as taurolidine protected wild-type mice but was unable to rescue autophagy-deficient mice from microbial sepsis. In vitro, taurolidine induced light chain 3-associated phagocytosis in innate phagocytes and autophagy in vascular endothelium and gut epithelium, resulting in augmented bactericidal activity and enhanced cellular tolerance to endotoxininduced damage in these cells. These results illustrate that taurolidine-induced autophagy augments both host resistance and disease tolerance to bacterial infection, thereby conferring protection against microbial sepsis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. A Randomized Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Quality of Life of Antibiotic-only Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis

Author

O’Leary, D. Peter, primary, Walsh, Siun M., additional, Bolger, Jarlath, additional, Baban, Chwanrow, additional, Humphreys, Hilary, additional, O’Grady, Sorcha, additional, Hegarty, Aisling, additional, Lee, Aoife M., additional, Sheehan, Mark, additional, Alderson, Jack, additional, Dunne, Ruth, additional, Morrin, Martina M., additional, Lee, Michael J., additional, Power, Colm, additional, McNamara, Deborah, additional, McCawley, Niamh, additional, Robb, Will, additional, Burke, John, additional, Sorensen, Jan, additional, and Hill, Arnold D., additional

Published
2021
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