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4. Acute and two-week effects of neotame, stevia rebaudioside M and sucrose-sweetened biscuits on postprandial appetite and endocrine response in adults with overweight/obesity—a randomised crossover trial from the SWEET consortium

Author

Gibbons, Catherine, Beaulieu, Kristine, Almiron-Roig, Eva, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Martínez, J. Alfredo, O’Hara, Beverley, O’Connor, Dominic, Nazare, Julie-Anne, Le Bail, Alain, Rannou, Cécile, Hardman, Charlotte, Wilton, Moon, Kjølbæk, Louise, Scott, Corey, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, Raben, Anne, Harrold, Joanne A., Halford, Jason C.G., and Finlayson, Graham

Published
2024
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6. Recent Aerospace Innovation Trends And Jet Zero

Author

O'Connor, Dominic

Subjects
Aerospace industry -- Industry forecasts -- Innovations -- Environmental aspects, Air quality management -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Economic aspects, Government regulation, Market trend/market analysis, Business, international
Abstract

For those who read my recent article which discussed the value of the aerospace sector to the UK economy, you will know that there are certainly green shoots of recovery [...]

Published
2024

7. After Some Turbulent Times For The UK Aerospace Sector Was 2023 A Return To Growth?

Author

O'Connor, Dominic

Subjects
Aerospace industry -- Statistics -- Economic aspects, Economic growth -- Statistics, Business, international
Abstract

First some hard truths. UK economic growth over the last few years has been lacklustre. With growth of only 1.7% compared to pre-pandemic levels, the UK's growth has been the [...]

Published
2024

8. Threats To Security Are Increasing, But Is Defence Sector Funding Keeping Pace?

Author

O'Connor, Dominic

Subjects
National security -- Laws, regulations and rules, Defense spending -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Forecasts and trends, Government regulation, Market trend/market analysis, Business, international
Abstract

With the upcoming election in the UK we can expect to hear much discussion of spending plans for the next term of parliament, one of which will be defence spending. [...]

Published
2024

14. Acute and two-week effects of neotame, stevia rebaudioside M and sucrose-sweetened biscuits on postprandial appetite and endocrine response in adults with overweight/obesity:a randomised crossover trial from the SWEET consortium

Author

Gibbons, Catherine, Beaulieu, Kristine, Almiron-Roig, Eva, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Martínez, J. Alfredo, O'Hara, Beverley, O'Connor, Dominic, Nazare, Julie Anne, Le Bail, Alain, Rannou, Cécile, Hardman, Charlotte, Wilton, Moon, Kjølbæk, Louise, Scott, Corey, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, Raben, Anne, Harrold, Joanne A., Halford, Jason C.G., Finlayson, Graham, Gibbons, Catherine, Beaulieu, Kristine, Almiron-Roig, Eva, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Martínez, J. Alfredo, O'Hara, Beverley, O'Connor, Dominic, Nazare, Julie Anne, Le Bail, Alain, Rannou, Cécile, Hardman, Charlotte, Wilton, Moon, Kjølbæk, Louise, Scott, Corey, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, Raben, Anne, Harrold, Joanne A., Halford, Jason C.G., and Finlayson, Graham

Abstract

Background: Sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SE) are used to replace energy yielding sugars and maintain sweet taste in a wide range of products, but controversy exists about their effects on appetite and endocrine responses in reduced or no added sugar solid foods. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the acute (1 day) and repeated (two-week daily) ingestive effects of 2 S&SE vs. sucrose formulations of biscuit with fruit filling on appetite and endocrine responses in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: In a randomised crossover trial, 53 healthy adults (33 female, 20 male) with overweight/obesity in England and France consumed biscuits with fruit filling containing 1) sucrose, or reformulated with either 2) Stevia Rebaudioside M (StRebM) or 3) Neotame daily during three, two-week intervention periods with a two-week washout. The primary outcome was composite appetite score defined as [desire to eat + hunger + (100 − fullness) + prospective consumption]/4. Findings: Each formulation elicited a similar reduction in appetite sensations (3-h postprandial net iAUC). Postprandial insulin (2-h iAUC) was lower after Neotame (95% CI (0.093, 0.166); p < 0.001; d = −0.71) and StRebM (95% CI (0.133, 0.205); p < 0.001; d = −1.01) compared to sucrose, and glucose was lower after StRebM (95% CI (0.023, 0.171); p < 0.05; d = −0.39) but not after Neotame (95% CI (−0.007, 0.145); p = 0.074; d = −0.25) compared to sucrose. There were no differences between S&SE or sucrose formulations on ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1 or pancreatic polypeptide iAUCs. No clinically meaningful differences between acute vs. two-weeks of daily consumption were found. Interpretation: In conclusion, biscuits reformulated to replace sugar using StRebM or Neotame showed no differences in appetite or endocrine responses, acutely or after a two-week exposure, but can reduce postprandial insulin and glucose response in adults with overweight or obesity. Funding

Published
2024

15. A novel heat recovery device for passive ventilation systems

Author

O'Connor, Dominic, Hughes, Ben, and Calautit, John Kaiser

Subjects
620.1
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of a novel heat recovery device for integration with a passive ventilation system. Current heat recovery devices are not suitable for integration with passive ventilation systems due to the high pressure drop experienced by airstreams across the devices. This would result in low ventilation supply rates required for good indoor air quality. The device could be also reconfigured to dehumidify an incoming airstream, lowering the relative humidity of the air. These modifications would improve the air quality and reduce energy demand on mechanical ventilation systems. The novel heat recovery device was designed and constructed using 3D printing techniques and tested experimentally using different inlet conditions for two counter-current airstreams. Numerical analysis using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) calculated solutions for air velocity, gauge air pressure, air temperature and relative humidity before and after the heat recovery device using the same geometry as the printed prototype. The experimental testing of prototypes of the heat recovery device validated these characteristics. The results from the experiments and CFD analysis showed that the novel design of the heat recovery device achieved the three primary objectives of the project. The pressure drop measured across the heat recovery device was between 10.02-10.31Pa, significantly lower 150Pa experienced in standard devices. The resultant air velocity suggested that an air supply rate of 140.86 litres per second was possible, high enough to provide ventilation to a room with 17 occupants. The device was capable of increasing the temperature of the incoming airstream by up to 0.68°C when the temperature of the outgoing airstream was 40°C. Finally, the relative humidity of an incoming airstream with 100% relative humidity was reduced by up to 67.01%, at regeneration temperatures between 25-40°C, significantly lower than current temperatures of 120°C.

Published
2016

40. Acute and repeated impact of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers in solid and semi-solid foods on appetite: protocol for a multicentre, cross-over, RCT in people with overweight/obesity – the SWEET Project

Author

Gibbons, Catherine, primary, O'Hara, Beverley, additional, O’Connor, Dominic, additional, Hardman, Charlotte, additional, Wilton, Moon, additional, Harrold, Joanne A, additional, Almiron-Roig, Eva, additional, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, additional, Hodgkins, Charo E, additional, Nazare, Julie Anne, additional, Alligier, Maud, additional, Martínez, Jose Alfredo, additional, Scott, Corey, additional, Kjølbæk, Louise, additional, Normand, Mie, additional, Rannou, Cécile, additional, Blaak, Ellen E, additional, Feskens, Edith, additional, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, additional, Raben, Anne, additional, Halford, Jason C G, additional, Beaulieu, Kristine, additional, and Finlayson, Graham, additional

Published
2022
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44. Acute and repeated impact of sweeteners and sweetness enhancers in solid and semi-solid foods on appetite : protocol for a multicentre, cross-over, RCT in people with overweight/obesity - the SWEET Project

Author

Gibbons, Catherine, O'Hara, Beverley, O'Connor, Dominic, Hardman, Charlotte, Wilton, Moon, Harrold, Joanne A., Almiron-Roig, Eva, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Hodgkins, Charo E., Nazare, Julie Anne, Alligier, Maud, Martínez, Jose Alfredo, Scott, Corey, Kjølbæk, Louise, Normand, Mie, Rannou, Cécile, Blaak, Ellen E., Feskens, Edith, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, Raben, Anne, Halford, Jason C.G., Beaulieu, Kristine, Finlayson, Graham, Gibbons, Catherine, O'Hara, Beverley, O'Connor, Dominic, Hardman, Charlotte, Wilton, Moon, Harrold, Joanne A., Almiron-Roig, Eva, Navas-Carretero, Santiago, Hodgkins, Charo E., Nazare, Julie Anne, Alligier, Maud, Martínez, Jose Alfredo, Scott, Corey, Kjølbæk, Louise, Normand, Mie, Rannou, Cécile, Blaak, Ellen E., Feskens, Edith, Moshoyiannis, Hariklia, Raben, Anne, Halford, Jason C.G., Beaulieu, Kristine, and Finlayson, Graham

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Intake of free sugars in European countries is high and attempts to reduce sugar intake have been mostly ineffective. Non-nutritive sweeteners and sweetness enhancers (S&SEs) can maintain sweet taste in the absence of energy, but little is known about the impact of acute and repeated consumption of S&SE in foods on appetite. This study aims to evaluate the effect of acute and repeated consumption of two individual S&SEs and two S&SE blends in semisolid and solid foods on appetite and related behavioural, metabolic and health outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A work package of the SWEET Project; this study consists of five double-blind randomised cross-over trials which will be carried out at five sites across four European countries, aiming to have n=213. Five food matrices will be tested across three formulations (sucrose-sweetened control vs two reformulated products with S&SE blends and no added sugar). Participants (body mass index 25-35 kg/m2; aged 18-60 years) will consume each formulation for 14 days. The primary endpoint is composite appetite score (hunger, inverse of fullness, desire to eat and prospective food consumption) over a 3-hour postprandial incremental area under the curve during clinical investigation days on days 1 and 14. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The trial has been approved by national ethical committees and will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed open-access scientific journals. Research data from the trial will be deposited in an open-access online research data archive. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04633681.

Published
2022

45. Increases in physical activity are associated with a faster rate of weight loss during dietary energy restriction in women with overweight and obesity.

Author

Casanova, Nuno, Beaulieu, Kristine, Oustric, Pauline, O'Connor, Dominic, Gibbons, Catherine, Blundell, John Edward, Finlayson, Graham S., and Hopkins, Mark E.

Subjects
OBESITY treatment, DIET in disease, SEDENTARY lifestyles, ENERGY metabolism, CONFIDENCE intervals, FOOD consumption, PHYSICAL activity, DIET therapy, WEIGHT loss, RESEARCH funding, WOMEN'S health, SECONDARY analysis
Abstract

This secondary analysis examined the influence of changes in physical activity (PA), sedentary time and energy expenditure (EE) during dietary energy restriction on the rate of weight loss (WL) and 1-year follow-up weight change in women with overweight/obesity. Measurements of body weight and composition (air displacement plethysmography), RMR (indirect calorimetry), total daily EE (TDEE) and activity EE (AEE), minutes of PA and sedentary time (PA monitor) were taken at baseline, after 2 weeks, after ≥5 % WL or 12 weeks of continuous (25 % daily energy deficit) or intermittent (75 % daily energy deficit alternated with ad libitum day) energy restriction, and at 1-year post-WL. The rate of WL was calculated as total %WL/number of dieting weeks. Data from both groups were combined for analyses. Thirty-seven participants (aged 35 (sd 10) years; BMI = 29·1 (sd 2·3) kg/m2) completed the intervention (WL = –5·9 (sd 1·6) %) and 18 returned at 1-year post-WL (weight change=+4·5 (sd 5·2) %). Changes in sedentary time at 2 weeks were associated with the rate of WL during energy restriction (r = –0·38; P = 0·03). Changes in total (r = 0·54; P < 0·01), light (r = 0·43; P = 0·01) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (r = 0·55; P < 0·01), sedentary time (r = –0·52; P < 0·01), steps per d (r = 0·39; P = 0·02), TDEE (r = 0·46; P < 0·01) and AEE (r = 0·51; P < 0·01) during energy restriction were associated with the rate of WL. Changes in total (r = –0·50; P = 0·04) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (r = –0·61; P = 0·01) between post-WL and follow-up were associated with 1-year weight change (r = –0·51; P = 0·04). These findings highlight that PA and sedentary time could act as modifiable behavioural targets to promote better weight outcomes during dietary energy restriction and/or weight maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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50. E-Scooters - Manufacturers Continue To Invest Despite Rules Against Road-Use

Author

O'Connor, Dominic

Subjects
Scooters -- Intellectual property -- Laws, regulations and rules, Transportation equipment industry -- Intellectual property -- Investments -- Laws, regulations and rules, Electric vehicles -- Intellectual property -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Company investment, Business, international
Abstract

In the UK at the moment you can't use your own e-scooter on the road, but a government trial could change all that. In the meantime, e-scooter manufacturers are marketing [...]

Published
2022

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